Less than eight electrons per atom increase the likelihood of interaction, which leads to more stable compounds.
Which elements have 8 valance electrons?The electrons in an atom's outermost energy level known as valence electrons are those that can interact with other atoms. The electrons that are typically the furthest from the nucleus are those with valence. They might therefore be drawn to the nucleus of another atom just as strongly as they are to their own nucleus. The octet rule describes an atom's tendency to favour eight electrons in its valence shell. Less than eight electrons per atom increase the likelihood of interaction, which leads to more stable compounds.
There are eight valence electrons in every element in group 18. (except for helium, which has a total of just two electrons). Examples include krypton, argon, and neon (Ne, Ar) (Kr).
Compounds of the noble gases rarely form. They don't have any motive to respond and alter their configuration because they have the most stable configuration (full octet, no charge). All other elements try to create a noble gas structure by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons.
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What are two dangers associated with
nuclear fission?
Answer:
Nuclear energy produces radioactive waste
A major environmental concern related to nuclear power is the creation of radioactive wastes such as uranium mill tailings, spent (used) reactor fuel, and other radioactive wastes. These materials can remain radioactive and dangerous to human health for thousands of years
Explanation:
How many moles of N2O5 are needed
to produce 7.90 g of NO2?
Answer:
0.085 moles of N₂O₅ are needed
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of NO₂ produces = 7.90 g
Moles of N₂O₅ needed = ?
Solution:
2N₂O₅ → 4NO₂ + O₂
Number of moles of NO₂ produced :
Number of moles = mass/ molar mass
Number of moles = 7.90 g/ 46 g/mol
Number of moles = 0.17 mol
now we will compare the moles of NO₂ with N₂O₅.
NO₂ : N₂O₅
4 : 2
0.17 : 2/4×0.17 = 0.085 mol
Thus, 0.085 moles of N₂O₅ are needed.
A certain compound is 66.7% carbon, 3.74% hydrogen, and 29.6% oxygen. Find the empirical formula.
Answer: C3H2O
Explanation: To find the empirical formula of the compound, we need to determine the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in the compound.
Assuming we have 100 g of the compound, we can convert the percentages to masses of each element:
Carbon: 66.7 g
Hydrogen: 3.74 g
Oxygen: 29.6 g
Next, we need to convert these masses to moles using the atomic masses:
Carbon: 66.7 g / 12.01 g/mol = 5.55 mol
Hydrogen: 3.74 g / 1.01 g/mol = 3.70 mol
Oxygen: 29.6 g / 16.00 g/mol = 1.85 mol
Now we need to divide each of these mole values by the smallest of the three:
Carbon: 5.55 mol / 1.85 mol = 3.00
Hydrogen: 3.70 mol / 1.85 mol = 2.00
Oxygen: 1.85 mol / 1.85 mol = 1.00
These ratios give us the empirical formula:
C3H2O
However, we can simplify this formula by dividing each subscript by 2:
C1.5H1O0.5
Finally, we can multiply through by 2 to get rid of the decimals:
C3H2O
The last column of the periodic table contains the noble gases, elements that do not easily form chemical bonds. why don’t these gases tend to form chemical bonds?
PLS HELPPP I WILL MARK BRAINLESY
6. How many moles are in 8.30 x 1023 molecules of CO₂?
a.
b.
C.
d.
1.37
2.8
55.5
100
Question 3(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points) (01.03 LC) What is potential energy? The energy of change O The energy of position or composition O The energy of mass or volume O The energy of motion
Potential energy is often referred to as the energy of position or composition. The energy that an object has due to its tension, electric charge, or relative immobility in space is known as potential energy. Potential energy is among the two basic forms of energy.
William Rankine, a Scottish engineer and physicist, coined the phrase "potential energy" in the 19th century. Potential energy comes in a variety of forms, each linked to a particular kind of force. It is the power imparted to an object by its position in relation to other objects. Learn more about potential energy in this article, which includes a definition, several categories, and examples.
The force acting on the two objects affects the formula for potential energy. The following is the formula for gravitational force:
W = m×g×h = mgh
Where,
m is the mass in kilogramsg is the acceleration due to gravityh is the height in metersPotential Energy Unit
In terms of units, kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy are equivalent: kg m2 / s2.
The unit used to measure all energy is the joule, which has the same units as kg m2 / s2 (J).
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what is the formula for fluoride?
Answer:Chemical formula F −
Molar mass 18.998403163 g·mol−1
Conjugate acid Hydrogen fluoride
Explanation:
A photon of ultraviolet (UV) light possesses enough energy to mutate a strand of human DNA. What is the energy of a single UV photon and 1 mole of UV photons having a wavelength of 32 nm?
1 mol UV photons = 6.022 × 10^23 UV photons.
E of single photon = ??? J
E of 1 mole = ??? J/mol
3.73 × 10⁻¹²J/mol is the energy of a single UV photon and 1 mole of UV photons having a wavelength of 32 nm.
What elements make up a photon?
A photon is a microscopic particle made up of electromagnetic radiation waves. Maxwell demonstrated that photons are merely electric fields moving through space. Photons move at the speed of light and have no charge or rest mass.
According to Planck's Law, electromagnetic radiation from heated bodies is not released in a continuous stream but rather as discrete energy units called quanta, the size of which depends on a fundamental physical constant.
E .. hc/λ
λ is 32nm
h is 6.626*10⁻³⁴Js
c is 3 × 10⁸m/s
E of single photon will be (6.626*10-34 * 3*10⁸)/32*10⁹
i.e. 0.62*10⁻³⁵J
1 mol UV photons = 6.022 × 10^23 UV photons.
E of 1 mole = E of single photon *6.022 × 10²³
= 0.62*10⁻³⁵ * 6.022 × 10²³
= 3.73*10⁻¹²J/mol
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What do all the different types of motor nerves
have in common? Select all that apply.
A. They use sensory receptors to receive
information from the environment.
B. They transmit information to and from muscles
C. They connect to muscle fibers through the motor endplate
D. They control voluntary motor function
Answer:
B and C
Explanation:
The different types of motor nerves transmit information to and from muscles, and they connect to muscle fibers through the motor endplate.
The polystyrene coffee cup calorimeter is very good insulator. However, it still absorbs a small amount of heat if the system is above room temperature. How does this affect the specific heat of the metal sample?
When using a polystyrene coffee cup calorimeter, it is true that the cup acts as a good insulator but still absorbs a small amount of heat if the system is above room temperature.
This heat absorption can affect the specific heat of the metal sample in the following way:
1. Since the calorimeter absorbs some heat, the total heat exchange between the metal sample and the water inside the calorimeter will be slightly less than it would be if the calorimeter absorbed no heat.
2. When calculating the specific heat of the metal sample, you typically use the equation: q_metal = -q_water, where q_metal is the heat exchanged by the metal and q_water is the heat exchanged by the water.
3. However, since the calorimeter absorbs some heat, the true equation should be:
q_metal + q_calorimeter = -q_water.
4. Due to this additional heat absorbed by the calorimeter, the calculated specific heat of the metal sample might be slightly different (usually smaller) than its true value, as it is assumed that all heat lost by the metal is gained by the water in the calorimeter, which is not entirely accurate in this case.
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which option correctly describes a covalent species that has four electron groups around the central atom? select all that apply.
The option that correctly describes a covalent species that has four electron groups around the central atom are:
The ideal bond angle for a four-electron system is 109.5°.If all four electron pairs are bonding pairs, the shape of the system is tetrahedral.A bent shape is observed if there are two bonding pairs and two lone pairs.What is the covalent species that has four electron groups around the central atom?It should be noted that when a molecule have four electron groups and it is been found around the central atom and this will orients the four groups in the direction of a tetrahedron.
However when there are four atoms attached to these electron groups, in Tetrahedral Geometry, molecular shape will also be also tetrahedral.
Instance of this is Methane (CH 4), in conclusion, in the case whereby all four electron pairs are bonding pairs, then it can be concluded that the shape of the system is tetrahedral.
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missing options:
The ideal bond angle for a four-electron system is 109.5°.
If all four electron pairs are bonding pairs, the shape of the system is tetrahedral.
The eletron are not bonding in the system.
A bent shape is observed if there are two bonding pairs and two lone pairs.
Man is circled here in blue in the Quaternary Period. Locate it. Compare the location of man to the entire history of the world (the beginning of the spiral at the bottom left). What do you notice about the amount of water vs the amount of land as you spiral upward? Why do you think that is? What do you notice about the complexity of life as you spiral upward? Why do you think that is?
Answer:The upward spiral theory of lifestyle change explains how positive affect can facilitate long-term adherence to positive health behaviors. The inner loop of this spiral model identifies nonconscious motives as a central mechanism of behavioral maintenance.
Explanation://
I have an experiment on a mouse, and this experiment includes arsenic ... but I don't know where to buy it. Please help me. What are the characteristics of arsenic? Please help
Answer:
Arsenic is a semi-metal. In its metallic form it is bright, silver-grey and brittle. Arsenic is a well-known poison. Arsenic compounds are sometimes used as rat poisons and insecticides but their use is strictly controlled.
Explanation:
What mass of NaCl is needed to produce a 26.4 mol/L with a 1.7 L volume?
we would need 2625.13 grams (or 2.62513 kilograms) of NaCl.
To calculate the mass of NaCl required to produce a 26.4 mol/L solution with a 1.7 L volume, we need to use the formula that relates the mass of solute, moles of solute, and molarity:Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution Rearranging this formula, we get:moles of solute = Molarity (M) x liters of solutionWe can use this formula to find the moles of NaCl needed:moles of NaCl = 26.4 mol/L x 1.7 L = 44.88 molNow, we can use the molar mass of NaCl to convert from moles to grams. The molar mass of NaCl is 58.44 g/mol:mass of NaCl = moles of NaCl x molar mass of NaClmass of NaCl = 44.88 mol x 58.44 g/mol = 2625.13 gTo produce a 26.4 mol/L solution with a 1.7 L volume.
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Calculate the number of atoms present in .20 moles of H20.
Answer:
20 moles = (96.7+)
345%20 moles inter = h20
h2+345%20 moles
kalkadanc = jani+CARSORI
564 MOLES
Explanation
we have to plus the moles that we can get the answer and u should now the formula of kalkadanc and just % will get to the correct answer.
i think u may understand and this is the correct answer i had practice this too much
Why would there be more than one model describing the same thing? How would that be helpful?
There may be be more than one model describing the same thing because it helps an individual to fully understand an object or system.
What is a Model?
This is referred to as a physical and/or mathematical and/or conceptual representation of a system of ideas, events or processes.
In other to fully understand an object or system, multiple models which represents a part of the object or system are important as it helps to provide a real understanding of the subject in view.
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What element contains 8 valence electrons and tends not to react with other elements?
Answer:
C. Oxygen
Explanation:
Oxygen has 8 electrons and doesn't react with fluorine noble gases
part c.1. the water level in the co2(g)-collection cylinder is higher than the water level outside the cylinder. see margin drawing. (page 188).
Because a higher water level translates into a lower atmospheric pressure, the wet CO2 gas pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure.
Wet CO2 gas pressure is therefore lower than air pressure outside the collection cylinder if the water level inside is higher than the water level outside.
Why does gas accumulate over water?By displacing water, a gas created during a chemical reaction can be collected. As a result of being gathered over water, the gas is not pure and is instead combined with water vapor. By deducting the contribution of the water vapor, the amount of the desired gas can be calculated using Dalton's law.
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A group of students are wandering around a room. When their teacher claps, the students sit down wherever they are. This situation best models the formation of which type of solid? an amorphous solid because the particles do not have a regular structure an amorphous solid because the motion of the particles stopped a crystalline solid because the moving particles lock into fixed positions a crystalline solid because the particles have a long-range order
Answer:
A. just took the test!!!
Explanation:
According to the forces of attraction, the situation best models the formation amorphous solid because the particles do not have a regular structure.
What are forces of attraction?Forces of attraction is a force by which atoms in a molecule combine. it is basically an attractive force in nature. It can act between an ion and an atom as well.It varies for different states of matter that is solids, liquids and gases.
The forces of attraction are maximum in solids as the molecules present in solid are tightly held while it is minimum in gases as the molecules are far apart . The forces of attraction in liquids is intermediate of solids and gases.
The physical properties such as melting point, boiling point, density are all dependent on forces of attraction which exists in the substances.
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The elementary steps for the catalyzed decomposition of dinitrogen monoxide are:
N2O (g) + NO (g) → N2 (g) + NO2 (g)
2 NO2 (g) → 2 NO (g) + O2 (g)
Which of the following statements are CORRECT?
1. The overall balanced reaction is 2 N2O (g) → 2 N2 (g) + O2 (g).
2. NO (g) is a catalyst for the reaction.
3. N2 (g) is a reaction intermediate.
4. NO2 (g) is a reaction intermediate.
A. 1, 2, and 4
B. 1, 2, and 3
C. 1 and 2
D. 1 only
E. 4 only
The correct option for the catalyzed decomposition for given dinitrogen monoxide are- A. 1, 2, and 4
Explain the formation of dinitrogen monoxide?Nitrous oxide, also referred to as laughing gas, nitrous, simply nos, is a chemical substance that has the formula N2O and is also known as dinitrogen oxide as well as dinitrogen monoxide.
It is a colorless, nonflammable gas that tastes and smells mildly sweet at normal temperature. It is used as a sedative during medical and dental operations to assist patients feel more at ease and to reduce their anxiety. The melting point of dinitrogen monoxide is -88.48 °C.The fundamental procedures for dinitrogen monoxide's catalyzed breakdown are:
N2O (g) + NO (g) → N2 (g) + NO2 (g)
2 NO2 (g) → 2 NO (g) + O2 (g)
Thus, the correct statements are-
1. The overall balanced reaction is 2 N2O (g) → 2 N2 (g) + O2 (g).
2. NO (g) is a catalyst for the reaction.
4. NO2 (g) is a reaction intermediate.
Therefore, A. 1, 2, and 4 is the correct option.
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In the naturally occurring D series of ketoses, the carbonyl group is found on carbon number ___________, whereas in aldoses, the carbonyl group is found on carbon number _________.
Answer:
second carbon atom from the end
end carbon atom
Explanation:
Carbohydrates are naturally occurring organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The general molecular formula of Carbohydrates is \(C_x(H_2O)_y\).
Carbohydrates can be classified based on structures,
Carbohydrates with the structure of alkanals (-CHO) are known as aldose while those of the structure of alkanones (C=O) are known as ketose.
In stereochemistry , D series is a kind of configurational arrangement where the hydroxyl group attaches itself to the right hand side.
Thus; in naturally occurring D series of ketoses, the carbonyl group is found on carbon number second carbon atom from the end whereas in aldoses, the carbonyl group is found on carbon number end carbon atom.
Calculate how many moles are in 200.0 g of NaBr.
Answer:
Explanation: Given: 200.0g NaBr
next, find the molar mass of NaBr on the periodic table,
Na Sodium- 22.990g/mol
Br Bromine-79.904g/mol
Add these together= 102.894g/mol
Next is one-dimensional analysis: 200.0g NaBr and divide it by your total molar mass 102.894 g/mol NaBr=1.943747935
observe sig figs. When using division, you will round to the least amount of sig fig in the problem. In this case, those 3 sig figs will be=
The final answer is = 1.94 moles of NaBr
Hope this helps:)
Which of these benefits the grassland by allowing light, warmth, moisture, and nutrients back into the soil?
fires
ponds
trees
rainfall
Answer:
Trees
Explanation:
I think sorry if I get it wrong
NaCl + AgNO, = AgCl + NONO,
If you have 98 grams of sodium chloride, 47 grams of silver nitrate, and 59 grams of silver
chloride, then how many grams of sodium nitrate will you have?
145 grams
86 grams
18 grams
101 grams
Based on the mass ratio of reactants, 23.5 g of sodium nitrate is produced from the reactants.
What is mass ratio of a chemical reaction?The mass ratio of a reaction is the ratio of the masses of reactants wilhich combine to form products.
The mass of sodium nitrate is determined from the mass ratio.
The equation of the reaction gives the mass ratio as follows:
NaCl + AgNO3 ----> AgCl + NaNO3
Molar mass of NaCl = 58.5 g
Molar mass of AgNO3 = 170 g
Molar mass of AgCl = 143.5
Molar mass of NaNO3 = 85 g
There are 98 grams of sodium chloride, 47 grams of silver nitrate, therefore silver nitrate is the limiting reactant.
47 grams of silver nitrate will produce 85/170 × 47 = 23.5 g of sodium nitrate.
Therefore, 23.5 g of sodium nitrate is produced from the reactants.
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Two asteroids are 75,000 m apart one has a mass of 8 x 10^7 N what is the mass of the other asteroid
The mass of the asteroid is C. 1.2 x \(10^{12}\) Kg
To find the mass of the other asteroid, we can rearrange the equation for the gravitational force between two objects:
F = (G * m1 * m2) / \(r^{2}\)
where F is the force of gravity, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the two asteroids, and r is the distance between them.
Given that the distance between the asteroids is 75000 m, the force of gravity between them is 1.14 N, and one asteroid has a mass of 8 x \(10^{7}\) kg, we can substitute these values into the equation and solve for the mass of the other asteroid (m2):
1.14 N = (6.67430 × \(10^{-11}\) N \(m^{2}\)/\(Kg^{2}\) * 8 x \(10^{7}\) kg * \(m2\)) / \((75000 m)^{2}\)
Simplifying and solving the equation, we find that the mass of the other asteroid (m2) is approximately 1.2 x \(10^{12}\) kg. Therefore, Option C is correct.
The question was incomplete. find the full content below:
Two asteroids are 75000 m apart one has a mass of 8 x \(10^{7}\) kg if the force of gravity between them is 1.14 what is the mass of the asteroid
A. 3.4 x \(10^{11}\) kg
B. 8.3 x \(10^{12}\) kg
C. 1.2 x \(10^{12}\) kg
D. 1.2 x \(10^{10}\) kg
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If you produced 5 moles of Ca3(PO4)2, how many moles of NaCl did you also produce?
15 moles of NaCl would have been used up in the reaction as a result.
What volume of Ca3 PO4 2 will be generated?The number of moles is obtained by taking each mass and dividing it by the molar mass. The molar mass of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ is 310.18 grammes/mole. The result is 0.016 moles of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ when five is divided by 310.18.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of sodium chloride (NaCl) and calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂) is:
3Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + 6NaCl → 6NaPO₄ + CaCl₂ + 2Ca₃(PO₄)₂
calculate the amount of NaCl consumed using the following proportion:
2 mol Ca₃(PO₄)₂ / 6 mol Sodium Chloride = 5 mol Ca₃(PO₄)₂ / x
Solving for x, we get:
x = (6 mol NaCl × 5 mol Ca₃(PO₄)₂) / 2 mol Ca₃(PO₄)₂
x = 15 mol NaCl
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Incomplete dash of fuels produces many poisonous dash
Answer:
Incomplete combustion of fuels produces a very poisonous gas called carbon monoxide:Excessive inhaling of carbon dioxide gas can kill a person.
I don't know if this is correct, your question did not have much context.
Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 years. If an original sample was 100g of C¹4 and it is now 0.781g of C14, how old is your sample?
Answer:
40,113 years
Explanation:
To find the age of the sample, you need to use the half-life formula:
\(N(t)=N_0(\frac{1}{2})^{t/h\)
In this formula:
------> N(t) = current mass (g)
------> N₀ = initial mass (g)
------> t = time passed (yrs)
------> h = half-life (yrs)
You can plug the given values into the equation and rearrange the formula to find "t".
N(t) = 0.781 g t = ? yrs
N₀ = 100 g h = 5730 yrs
\(N(t)=N_0(\frac{1}{2})^{t/h\) <----- Half-life formula
\(0.781=100(\frac{1}{2})^{t/5730}\) <----- Insert values
\(0.00781=(\frac{1}{2})^{t/5730}\) <----- Divide both sides by 100
\(log_{1/2}(0.00781)=log_{1/2}((\frac{1}{2})^ {t/5730})\) <----- Take \(log_{1/2}\) of both sides
\(7.00 = \frac{t}{5730}\) <----- Solve \(log_{1/2}\)
\(40,113 = t\) <----- Multiply both sides by 5730
The given sample is 40,113 years .
What do you mean by half-life ?Half-life, in radioactivity, is the interval of time required for one-half of the atomic nuclei of a radioactive sample to decay.
Half-life formula,
\(\rm N(t)\;=N_0(\dfrac{1}{2})^\frac{t}{t1/2}\) .......(1)
where,
N(t)=current mass
N₀=initial mass
t=time period
h=half -life
Given,
N(t)=0.781g, t=? yrs, N₀=100g, h=5730 years
\(\rm N(t)\;=N_0(\dfrac{1}{2})^\frac{t}{t1/2}\)
put the values, in ......(1)
0.781=100(1/2) \(t/5730\\\)
log₁/₂(0.00781)=log₁/₂ ( 1/2)\(t/5730\)
7=t/5730
40,113=t
Hence, the given sample is 40,113 years .
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A student makes a model of a mineral crystal. The scale is 1:24. The crystal in the model is 5 cm long. How long Is the real-life crystal. A. 120cm B. 0.96cm C. 4.8cm D. 29cm
The length of the real-life crystal is 120 cm which is 24 times longer than the length of the crystal in the model.
How long Is the real-life mineral crystal?Given that, a student makes a model of a mineral crystal.
The scale is 1:24. The crystal in the model is 5 cm long.
We are given a scale of 1:24, which means that every unit in the model represents 24 units in real life.
To find the length of the real-life crystal, we need to use the scale factor of 24.
We can set up a proportion to solve for the real-life length of the crystal:
1 unit in the model : 24 units in real life
5 cm in the model : x cm in real life
Using cross-multiplication, we get:
1 × x = 24 × 5
x = 24 × 5
x = 120cm
Therefore, the real-life crystal measures 120cm.
Option A) 120cm is the correct answer.
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A chemist decomposes samples of several compounds; the masses of their constituent elements are listed. Calculate the empirical formula for each compound.
a. 1.245 g Ni, 5.381 g I,
b. 2.677 g Ba, 3.115 g Br,
c. 2.128 g Be, 7.557 g S, 15.107 g
Answer:
you can see the empirical formula at the pic
The empirical formula for compound (a) is NiI2, (b) is BaBr2 and (c) is BeS.
What is empirical formula?
Empirical formula of a compound is defined as the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound.
(a) 1.245 g Ni : 5.381 g I
Mole of Ni ; Mole of I = 1.245/59 : 5.381/127 = 0.02 : 0.04 = 1:2
So the formula is NiI2
(b) 2.677 g Ba : 3.115 g Br
Mole of Ba : Mole of Br = 2.677/137 : 3.115/60 = 0.019 : 0.038
= 0.02 : 0.04 = 1:2
So the formula is BaBr2
(c) 2.128 g Be : 7.557 g S
Mole of Be : Mole of S = 2.128/9 : 7.557/32 = 0.2 : 0.2 = 1:1
So the formula is BeS
Thus, empirical formula for compound (a) is NiI2, (b) is BaBr2 and (c) is BeS.
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