Write a C program to implement the following requirement:
Input:
The program will read from standard input any text up to 10,000 characters and store each word (a string that does not contain any whitespace with a maximum of 100 characters) into a node of a linked list, using the following struct:
struct NODE {
char *word;
struct NODE *next;
struct NODE *prev;
};
Output:
The program will print out 2 things
- On the first line, the original list of words, each word is separated by a single comma "". - On the second line, the list of words after removing duplicate words, each word is separated by a single comma ",".
Note: If there is no word in the input text, the program must print the empty string to stdout.
SAMPLE INPUT 1
hello world this is a single line
SAMPLE OUTPUT 1
hello, world, this, is, a, single, line hello, world, this, is, a, single, line
SAMPLE INPUT 2
This is the
this is the second
first line
line line
SAMPLE OUTPUT 2
This, is, the, first, line, this, is, the, second, line This, is, the, first, line, this, second
Answers
We call `printList` again to print the updated list without duplicates. The ` freeList` function is used to free the memory allocated for the linked list nodes and their words. The program assumes that the input text will not exceed 10,000 characters and each word will have a maximum length of 100 characters.
Here's a C program that fulfills the given requirements:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX_WORD_LENGTH 100
struct NODE {
char *word;
struct NODE *next;
struct NODE *prev;
};
struct NODE* createNode(char* word) {
struct NODE* newNode = (struct NODE*)malloc(sizeof(struct NODE));
newNode->word = strdup(word);
newNode->next = NULL;
newNode->prev = NULL;
return newNode;
}
void insertNode(struct NODE** head, struct NODE** tail, char* word) {
struct NODE* newNode = createNode(word);
if (*head == NULL) {
*head = newNode;
*tail = newNode;
} else {
(*tail)->next = newNode;
newNode->prev = *tail;
*tail = newNode;
}
}
void printList(struct NODE* head) {
struct NODE* current = head;
while (current != NULL) {
printf("%s", current->word);
if (current->next != NULL) {
printf(", ");
}
current = current->next;
}
printf("\n");
}
void removeDuplicates(struct NODE** head) {
struct NODE* current = *head;
struct NODE* nextNode;
while (current != NULL) {
nextNode = current->next;
while (nextNode != NULL) {
if (strcmp(current->word, nextNode->word) == 0) {
struct NODE* duplicate = nextNode;
nextNode->prev->next = nextNode->next;
if (nextNode->next != NULL) {
nextNode->next->prev = nextNode->prev;
}
nextNode = nextNode->next;
free(duplicate->word);
free(duplicate);
} else {
nextNode = nextNode->next;
}
}
current = current->next;
}
}
void freeList(struct NODE* head) {
struct NODE* current = head;
struct NODE* nextNode;
while (current != NULL) {
nextNode = current->next;
free(current->word);
free(current);
current = nextNode;
}
}
int main() {
struct NODE* head = NULL;
struct NODE* tail = NULL;
char input[10001];
if (fgets(input, sizeof(input), stdin) != NULL) {
char* word = strtok(input, " \t\n");
while (word != NULL) {
insertNode(&head, &tail, word);
word = strtok(NULL, " \t\n");
}
}
printList(head);
removeDuplicates(&head);
printList(head);
freeList(head);
return 0;
}
```
In this program, we use a linked list to store the words from the input text. The `struct NODE` represents each node in the linked list and consists of a `word` string, a `next` pointer to the next node, and a `prev` pointer to the previous node.
The `createNode` function is used to create a new node with a given word. The `insertNode` function inserts a new node at the end of the linked list. The `printList` function prints the words in the linked list separated by commas.
After reading the input text and creating the linked list, we call the `removeDuplicates` function to remove any duplicate words from the list. It compares each word with the subsequent words and removes duplicates as necessary.
Finally, we call `printList` again to print the updated list without duplicates. The `
freeList` function is used to free the memory allocated for the linked list nodes and their words.
Note: The program assumes that the input text will not exceed 10,000 characters and each word will have a maximum length of 100 characters.
Learn more about memory here
https://brainly.com/question/14286026
#SPJ11
Related Questions
What is the difference between a cost and a benefit?
Answers
Answer:
A cost is something you have to give up or sacrifice and a benefit is something that is gained or is helpful.
Explanation:
In a cost-benefit analysis of a system, an engineer is to simply look at the requirements for the system and determine the costs to build the system, both in financial value and energy value. Additionally, the engineer needs to determine the benefits that would come from choosing a particular path of cost. If the benefits outweigh the cost for the project, then the solution is accepted. Else, the cost outweighs the benefit and the solution is rejected.
how many 8-bit binary strings are there subject to each of the following restrictions? 1) no restrictions. 2) The string starts with 001. 3) The string starts with 001 or 10. 4) The string has exactly 60's. 5) The string has exactly 6 0's.
Answers
Only two 8-bit strings alternately contain bits: 10101010 and 01010101. 28 is the total number of unrestricted 8-bit strings. As a result, 28 - 2 is the number of 8-bit strings with at least two consecutive 0s or 1s.
1)No restriction then the possible cases 2^10=1024
2)The string starts with 001 Total Number of permutation possible 2^7 is 128.
3)The string starts with 001 or 10 permutation possible is 256 and solution 128.
4)The 8-bit strings has exactly 60's Total number of permutation = 10! /(6!4!) is 210
5)Since the 8-bit strings has exactly 6 '0', hence the rest 4 must be 1.
There are 28, or 256. That means that since a byte is made up of eight bits, 256 different values can be stored in it. One example is the 256 eight-bit ascii codes. 11111111, or 255 in decimal notation, is the maximum integer that can be represented using 8 bits. You can represent 256 things with a byte because 00000000 is the smallest number.
Learn more about 8-bit strings here:
https://brainly.com/question/28333981
#SPJ4
Why is using the proper joining technique important? What could go wrong if the wrong joining technique is used?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Using the proper technique is incredibly important because it prevents the materials being joined from breaking and/or causing an accident. If the wrong joining technique is used the materials may not hold in place and come apart easily instead. Also, some joining techniques are not meant for some materials and may instead cause the material to become weak and brittle causing it to break apart almost immediately.
Joining describes a technique which is used to merge two or more independent materials together. The use of wrong joining technique or procedure could result in accident.
In engineering construction, the need to join materials together is always needed for so many reasons. Hence, depending on the materials to be merged, welding, soldering and some other techniques may be employed.
Therefore, wrong or inadequate joining may cause these parts to split or breakup, hence causing severe casualty.
Learn more : https://brainly.com/question/19114739
An ideal turbojet engine is analyzed using the cold air standard method. Given specific operating conditions determine the temperature, pressure, and enthalpy at each state, and the exit velocity.
--Given Values--
T1 (K) = 249
P1 (kPa) = 61
V1 (m/s) = 209
rp = 10.7
rc = 1.8
Required:
a. Determine the temperature (K) at state 2.
b. Determine the pressure (kPa) at state 2.
c. Determine the specific enthalpy (kJ/kg) at state 2.
d. Determine the temperature (K) at state 3.
Answers
Answer:
a. the temperature (K) at state 2 is \(\mathbf{T_2 =270.76 \ K}}\)
b. the pressure (kPa) at state 2 is \(\mathtt{ \mathbf{ p_2 = 81.79 \ kPa }}\)
c. the specific enthalpy (kJ/kg) at state 2 is \(\mathbf{h_2 = 271.84 \ kJ/kg}}\)
d. the temperature (K) at state 3 is \(\mathbf{ T_3 = 532.959 \ K}\)
Explanation:
From the given information:
T1 (K) = 249
P1 (kPa) = 61
V1 (m/s) = 209
rp = 10.7
rc = 1.8
The objective is to determine the following:
a. Determine the temperature (K) at state 2.
b. Determine the pressure (kPa) at state 2.
c. Determine the specific enthalpy (kJ/kg) at state 2.
d. Determine the temperature (K) at state 3.
To start with the specific enthalpy (kJ/kg) at state 2.
By the relation of steady -flow energy balance equation for diffuser (isentropic)
\(h_1 + \dfrac{V_1^2}{2}=h_2+\dfrac{V^2_2}{2}\)
\(h_1 + \dfrac{V_1^2}{2}=h_2+0\)
\(h_2=h_1 + \dfrac{V_1^2}{2}\)
For ideal gas;enthalpy is only a function of temperature, hence \(c_p\)T = h
where;
\(h_1\) is the specific enthalpy at inlet = \(c_pT_1\)
\(h_2\) is the specific enthalpy at outlet = \(c_pT_2\)
\(c_p\) = 1.004 kJ/kg.K or 1004 J/kg.K
Given that:
\(T_1\) (K) = 249
\(V_1\) (m/s) = 209
∴
\(h_2=C_pT_1+ \dfrac{V_1^2}{2}\)
\(h_2=1004 \times 249+ \dfrac{209^2}{2}\)
\(h_2 = 249996+21840.5\)
\(\mathbf{\mathtt{h_2 = 271836.5 \ J/kg}}\)
\(\mathbf{h_2 = 271.84 \ kJ/kg}}\)
Determine the temperature (K) at state 2.
SInce; \(\mathtt{h_2 = c_pT_2 = 271.84 \ kJ/kg}\)
\(\mathtt{ c_pT_2 = 271.84 \ kJ/kg}\)
\(\mathtt{T_2 = \dfrac{271.84 \ kJ/kg}{ c_p}}\)
\(\mathtt{T_2 = \dfrac{271.84 \ kJ/kg}{1.004 \ kJ/kg.K}}\)
\(\mathbf{T_2 =270.76 \ K}}\)
Determine the pressure (kPa) at state 2.
For isentropic condition,
\(\mathtt{ \dfrac{T_2}{T_1}= \begin {pmatrix} \dfrac{p_2}{p_1} \end {pmatrix} ^\dfrac{k-1}{k}}\)
where ;
k = specific heat ratio = 1.4
\(\mathtt{ \dfrac{270.76}{249}= \begin {pmatrix} \dfrac{p_2}{61} \end {pmatrix} ^\dfrac{1.4-1}{1.4}}\)
\(\mathtt{ 1.087389558= \begin {pmatrix} \dfrac{p_2}{61} \end {pmatrix} ^\dfrac{0.4}{1.4}}\)
\(\mathtt{ 1.087389558 \times 61 ^ {^ \dfrac{0.4}{1.4} }}=p_2} ^\dfrac{0.4}{1.4}}\)
\(\mathtt{ 3.519487255=p_2} ^\dfrac{0.4}{1.4}}\)
\(\mathtt{ \mathbf{ p_2 = \sqrt[0.4]{3.519487255^{1.4}} }}\)
\(\mathtt{ \mathbf{ p_2 = 81.79 \ kPa }}\)
d. Determine the temperature (K) at state 3.
For the isentropic process
\(\mathtt{\dfrac{T_3}{T_2} = \begin {pmatrix} \dfrac{p_3}{p_2} \end {pmatrix}^{\dfrac{k-1}{k}}}\)
where;
\(\mathtt{\dfrac{p_3}{p_2} }\) is the compressor ratio \(\mathtt{r_p}\)
Given that ; the compressor ratio \(\mathtt{r_p}\) = 10.7
\(\mathtt{\dfrac{T_3}{T_2} = \begin {pmatrix} r_p \end {pmatrix}^{\dfrac{k-1}{k}}}\)
\(\mathtt{\dfrac{T_3}{270.76} = \begin {pmatrix} 10.7 \end {pmatrix}^{\dfrac{1.4-1}{1.4}}}\)
\(\mathtt{\dfrac{T_3}{270.76} = \begin {pmatrix} 10.7 \end {pmatrix}^{^ \dfrac{0.4}{1.4}}}\)
\(\mathtt{{T_3}{} =270.76 \times\begin {pmatrix} 10.7 \end {pmatrix}^{^ \dfrac{0.4}{1.4}}}\)
\(\mathbf{ T_3 = 532.959 \ K}\)
Q5- b-Engineer A is a principal in an environmental engineering firm and is requested by a developer client to prepare an analysis of a piece of property adjacent to a wetlands area for potential development as a residential condominium. During the firm’s analysis, one of the engineering firm’s biologists reports to Engineer A that in his opinion, the condominium project could threaten a bird species that inhabits the adjacent protected wetlands area. The bird species in not an "endangered species," but it is considered a "threatened species" by federal and state environmental regulators.
In subsequent discussions with the developer client, Engineer A verbally mentions the concern, but Engineer A does not include the information in a written report that will be submitted to a public authority that is considering the developer’s proposal.
What are Engineer A’s ethical obligations under these facts? Provide your answers by consider the effects of engineering practices on "health, environment, and safety" for both cases. Choose one of the case.
Answers
Answer:
Based on the provided information, Engineer A is faced with an ethical dilemma. The engineer has been informed by one of the firm's biologists that the proposed residential condominium project could threaten a bird species inhabiting the adjacent protected wetlands area, but the engineer did not disclose this information in the written report that will be submitted to a public authority that is considering the developer’s proposal.
From an ethical standpoint, Engineer A has a duty to act in the best interests of the public and to ensure that the health, environment, and safety (HES) of individuals and the community are protected. In this case, Engineer A has a responsibility to disclose the potential threat to the bird species to the public authority, as failing to do so could result in harm to the environment and the wildlife. By not disclosing this information, Engineer A may be putting the environment and public health at risk.
Therefore, it is important for Engineer A to consider the effects of their engineering practices on HES and disclose all relevant information to the public authority. Not disclosing information regarding potential environmental threats is a breach of ethical obligations, and Engineer A has a moral duty to report the potential threat to the public authority to ensure that appropriate measures are taken to protect the environment.
In conclusion, Engineer A must fulfill their ethical obligations and disclose all relevant information regarding potential environmental threats to the public authority. This will ensure that appropriate measures are taken to protect the environment and wildlife, and will demonstrate a commitment to upholding ethical principles in engineering practices.
Explanation:
Technician A uses three prong electrical cords when possible.
Technician B uses double insulated electrical tools. Which technician
is correct?
Select one:
A. Technician A only
B. Technician B only
C. Both technicians
D.Neither technician
Answers
Correct me if I’m wrong tnx
A series RLC circuit is driven by an ac source with a phasor voltage Vs=10∠30° V. If the circuit resonates at 10 3 rad/s and the average power absorbed by the resistor at resonance is 2.5W, determine that values of R, L, and C, given that Q =5.
Answers
Answer:
R = 20Ω
L = 0.1 H
C = 1 × 10⁻⁵ F
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
Vs = 10∠30°V { peak value }
V"s\(_{rms\) = 10/√2 ∠30° V
resonance freq w₀ = 10³ rad/s
Average Power at resonance Power\(_{avg\) = 2.5 W
Q = 5
values of R, L, and C = ?
We know that;
Power\(_{avg\) = |V"s\(_{rms\)|² / R
{ resonance circuit is purely resistive }
we substitute
2.5 = (10/√2)² × 1/R
2.5 = 50 × 1/R
R = 50 / 2.5
R = 20Ω
We also know that;
Q = w₀L / R
we substitute
5 = ( 10³ × L ) / 20
5 × 20 = 10³ × L
100 = 10³ × L
L = 100 / 10³
L = 0.1 H
Also;
w₀ = 1 / √LC
square both side
w₀² = 1 / LC
w₀²LC = 1
C = 1 / w₀²L
we substitute
C = 1 / [ (10³)² × 0.1 ]
C = 1 / [ 1000000 × 0.1 ]
C = 1 / [ 100000 ]
C = 0.00001 ≈ 1 × 10⁻⁵ F
Therefore;
R = 20Ω
L = 0.1 H
C = 1 × 10⁻⁵ F
Develop a MATLAB code to solve the power flow problem of the system in Figure 1 with NEWTON RAPHSON METHOD using generator load data from Table 1. Use a base of 100MVA with stopping criterion =10-5 . Begin with a flat voltage profile. Provide the code then fill the table below with the voltage found.
Answers
I apologize, but as a text-based AI model, I am unable to generate and provide MATLAB code that includes figures and tables. However, I can provide you with a general outline of the steps involved in solving the power flow problem using the Newton-Raphson method in MATLAB. You can use this outline as a guide to write your own code.
2. Initialize the variables:
- Set the initial voltage magnitude (V) and angle (theta) for all buses to 1 (assuming a flat voltage profile).
- Set the initial mismatch (Pij, Qij) and Jacobian matrices (J) to empty matrices.
Please note that the implementation of the Newton-Raphson method for power flow analysis involves complex mathematical calculations and requires an understanding of power systems and programming. It's important to ensure accuracy and validate the code with known test cases or benchmark systems.
You can refer to MATLAB's built-in functions such as `inv()`, `jacobian()`, and `fsolve()` to solve the linear system of equations and perform the iterative calculations. Additionally, there are power system analysis toolboxes available in MATLAB that provide pre-built functions for power flow analysis.
Learn more about figures here:
https://brainly.com/question/30740690
#SPJ11
Calculate the pipe diameter required for a hydronic heating system serving an area with a total heat loss of 500,000 BTU/Hour, a temperature differential () of 25F, with a piping Hazen-Williams coefficient, C = 130. Round your answer to the nearest 1/4 inch.
Answers
Given that the total heat loss is 500,000 BTU/Hour, the temperature differential is 25°F, and the piping Hazen-Williams coefficient is C = 130. Let us determine the pipe diameter required for a hydronic heating system.
As per the Darcy-Weisbach equation:\(hf = f L D (V^2 / 2 g)\)The Reynolds number formula:\(NRe = (4 V) / (π D ν)\)
The flow rate formula:Q = V AWhereQ is the flow rateA is the areaV is the velocityD is the diameterf is the friction factorL is the length of the pipeν is the kinematic viscosityg is the acceleration due to gravityWe can say that the Reynolds number at the average velocity is:\(51000 = (4 V) / (π D ν)\)From the above formula, we can get the diameter of the pipe D = 1.377 inches.
This is the pipe diameter required for a hydronic heating system serving an area with a total heat loss of 500,000 BTU/Hour, a temperature differential (ΔT) of 25°F, with a piping Hazen-Williams coefficient, C = 130.
Therefore, the answer is 1.377 inches (to the nearest 1/4 inch, the answer is 1.25 inches).
To Know more about differential visit:
brainly.com/question/13958985
#SPJ11
Calculate. A rapid mixing unit must be designed to treat a raw water flow of 32 MGD. The tank will be circular in shape. Determine: 1. Tank dimensions 2. Detention time 3. Velocity gradient
Answers
The velocity gradient is a measure of the intensity of mixing within the tank. It is usually expressed in units of inverse seconds \((s^{-1})\).
To determine the tank dimensions, detention time, and velocity gradient for a rapid mixing unit, we need additional information. Specifically, we need to know the desired detention time and the velocity gradient requirement for the application. Without this information, it is not possible to calculate these parameters accurately.
1. Tank Dimensions:
To determine the tank dimensions, the required detention time and the flow rate of the raw water are needed. The tank volume can be calculated using the formula:
Tank Volume = Flow Rate * Detention Time
Assuming a circular tank shape, the tank dimensions (diameter and height) can be determined based on the calculated volume and considering practical design considerations.
2. Detention Time:
The detention time is the desired time that the water spends in the tank for effective treatment. It is typically determined based on the treatment objectives and the characteristics of the water being treated.
3. Velocity Gradient:
The velocity gradient is a measure of the intensity of mixing within the tank. It is usually expressed in units of inverse seconds \((s^{-1})\). The velocity gradient is calculated using the formula:
Velocity Gradient = (2 * π * N * U) / H
where N is the rotational speed of the mixer, U is the velocity of the mixer, and H is the height of the tank.
Learn more about velocity gradient :
https://brainly.com/question/13390719
#SPJ11
Consider the products you use and the activities you perform on a daily basis. Describe three examples that use both SI units and customary units for measurement.
Answers
Answer: Three examples of activities that I can perform on a daily basis that involves both metric units (SI units) and customary units include: measuring the length of a door using a tape measure, which includes both SI units and customary units (like feet, inches, and centimeters); baking a cake that requires one teaspoon (customary unit) of baking soda, which could also be converted into four grams (SI unit); weighing myself on a weighing scale, which can be measured by pounds (customary unit) or kilograms (metric unit).
Explanation: I big brain :) (Not Really I Just Wanted To Help) I hope this helped! ;)
Three activities that I can do on a daily basis that involve both metric units (SI units) and customary units are: measuring the length of a door with a tape measure, which includes both SI units and customary units (like feet, inches, and centimeters); baking a cake that calls for one teaspoon (customary unit) of baking soda, which can also be converted to four grams (SI unit); and weighing myself on a weighing scale, which can be measured in pound and kilogram (metric unit).
Waterbutt filtration system for pond. Water pressure principles, help needed?
I have water butt 1 and 2 working perfectly but as soon as I add another to the system water butt 1 and 2 start rising and overflowing.
Is there something I'm missing or doing wrong here? How does water leveling work?
Thanks all.
Answers
Water pressure principles is known to state that the amount of Fluid pressure is said to be perpendicular to the surface on which it it exert or works on.
Note that principle is shown by a vessel that is said to be having flat sides and has water. The pressure exerted by the weight of the water is therefore known to be perpendicular to the walls of the storage.
What is a Waterbutt used for?A water butt is known to be a container that is made and also used to store a lot of rainwater.
Note that Water pressure principles is known to state that the amount of Fluid pressure is said to be perpendicular to the surface on which it it exert or works on.
Learn more about Water pressure principles from
https://brainly.com/question/14813457
#SPJ1
2. Describe how these variables will be affected by the use of flaps.
a. Lift
b. Drag
c. Takeoff airspeed
d. Takeoff distance
e. Wing camber
Answers
The flap is used to lift the aircraft in the air as it provides them with balance.
What are flaps?The flaps' main function is to produce additional pull during decreased airspeed, therefore allowing the aircraft to fly at much low rpm with a reduced chance of crashing.
The flap is used to lift the aircraft in the air as it provides them with balance.
They are used for dragging the aircraft as it provides them with a certain amount of height with increases and lowers it.
The takeoff speed is slowed so relatedly to the flap as the change in the structure for the dynamic effect of the airspeed.
Flap reduces the takeoff distance as a smaller speed is being created, which reduces the feed with the coefficient of lift.
The class have a chamber it provides some hollow stairs through which they can store the good and services also it is sometimes used for oil storage.
Learn more about flaps, here:
https://brainly.com/question/17853240
#SPJ1
Hãy trình bày các bộ phận chính trong một bộ điều khiển điện tử (ECU) dùng trên ô tô. Cho biết công dụng của từng thành phần.
Answers
Answer:
sorry but I can't understand this Language.
Explanation:
unable to answer sorry
A horizontal orifice is installed on the vertical side of cylindrical tank having a diameter of 1.5m and a height of 4m.
The tank contains water at a depth of "h" above the orifice. Take C=0.9.
a. What is the farthest horizontal distance will the jet strike the ground?
b. Calculate the value of "h" for the jet to strike the farthest point on the ground.
c. Calculate the velocity of the water as it goes out of the orifice for it to strike the farthest point on the ground.
Answers
a. The farthest horizontal distance the jet will strike the ground is calculated using the formula:
D = √[(2gh)/C], where g = 9.81 m/s² is the acceleration due to gravity and C = 0.9 is the coefficient of discharge.
By substituting h = 4 - H (where H is the depth of water above the orifice) and d = 1.5 m into the formula, we can find:
D = √[(2g(4 - H))/C].
Therefore, the farthest horizontal distance the jet will strike the ground is given by:
D = √[(2 × 9.81 × 4)/0.9] = 8.22 meters (rounded off to 2 decimal places).
b. To find the value of "h" for the jet to strike the farthest point on the ground, we can use the formula:
D = √[(2gh)/C], where g = 9.81 m/s² is the acceleration due to gravity and C = 0.9 is the coefficient of discharge.
By substituting d = 8.22 meters and solving for H, we get:
H = 4 - (D²C/2g) = 4 - (8.22² × 0.9/(2 × 9.81)) = 0.653 meters (rounded off to 3 decimal places).
Therefore, the value of "h" for the jet to strike the farthest point on the ground is 4 - 0.653 = 3.347 meters (rounded off to 3 decimal places).
c. The velocity of the water as it goes out of the orifice for it to strike the farthest point on the ground can be calculated using the formula:
V = √[2gh].
By substituting d = 8.22 meters and h = 3.347 meters into the formula, we can find:
V = √[2g × 3.347] = 6.514 meters/second (rounded off to 3 decimal places).
The velocity of the water as it goes out of the orifice for it to strike the farthest point on the ground is 6.514 m/s.
To know more about velocity visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30559316
#SPJ11
Water flows steadily through the pipe as shown below, such that the pressure at section (1) and at section (2) are 300 kPa and 100 kPa respectively. Determine the diameter of the pipe at section (2), D, if the velocity at section (1) is 20 m/sec and viscous effects are negligible.
Answers
Answer:
The velocity at section is approximately 42.2 m/s
Explanation:
For the water flowing through the pipe, we have;
The pressure at section (1), P₁ = 300 kPa
The pressure at section (2), P₂ = 100 kPa
The diameter at section (1), D₁ = 0.1 m
The height of section (1) above section (2), D₂ = 50 m
The velocity at section (1), v₁ = 20 m/s
Let 'v₂' represent the velocity at section (2)
According to Bernoulli's equation, we have;
\(z_1 + \dfrac{P_1}{\rho \cdot g} + \dfrac{v^2_1}{2 \cdot g} = z_2 + \dfrac{P_2}{\rho \cdot g} + \dfrac{v^2_2}{2 \cdot g}\)
Where;
ρ = The density of water = 997 kg/m³
g = The acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s²
z₁ = 50 m
z₂ = The reference = 0 m
By plugging in the values, we have;
\(50 \, m + \dfrac{300 \ kPa}{997 \, kg/m^3 \times 9.8 \, m/s^2} + \dfrac{(20 \, m/s)^2}{2 \times 9.8 \, m/s^2} = \dfrac{100 \ kPa}{997 \, kg/m^3 \times 9.8 \, m/s^2} + \dfrac{v_2^2}{2 \times 9.8 \, m/s^2}\)50 m + 30.704358 m + 20.4081633 m = 10.234786 m + \(\dfrac{v_2^2}{2 \times 9.8 \, m/s^2}\)
50 m + 30.704358 m + 20.4081633 m - 10.234786 m = \(\dfrac{v_2^2}{2 \times 9.8 \, m/s^2}\)
90.8777353 m = \(\dfrac{v_2^2}{2 \times 9.8 \, m/s^2}\)
v₂² = 2 × 9.8 m/s² × 90.8777353 m
v₂² = 1,781.20361 m²/s²
v₂ = √(1,781.20361 m²/s²) ≈ 42.204308 m/s
The velocity at section (2), v₂ ≈ 42.2 m/s
Where are floating calipers often used.
On vehicles where much braking force is required.
On heavy duty vehicles, such as trucks.
In places where space is limited.
Answers
Answer:
in places where space is limited
A total of 10 rectangular aluminum fins (k = 203 W/m·K) are placed on the outside flat surface of an electronic device. Each fin is 100 mm wide, 20 mm high and 4 mm thick. The fins are located parallel to each other at a center-to-center distance of 8 mm. The temperature at the outside surface of the electronic device is 72°C. The air is at 20°C, and the heat transfer coefficient is 80 W/m^2·K. Determine:
a. the rate of heat loss from the electronic device to the surrounding air
b. the fin effectiveness.
Answers
Answer:
a. the rate of heat loss from the electronic device to the surrounding air
A total of 10 rectangular aluminum fins (k = 203 W/m·K) are placed on the outside flat surface of an electronic device. Each fin is 100 mm wide, 20 mm high and
4 mm thick. The fins are located parallel to each other at a center-to-center distance of 8 mm. The temperature at the outside surface of the electronic device is 72°C. The air is at 20°C, and the heat transfer coefficient is 80 W/m2·K. Determine (a) the rate of heat loss from the electronic device to the surrounding air and (b) the fin effectiveness.
Explanation:
Sorry if wrong, Hope I helped
~#Lilly
The process of designing green buildings is called Design
Answers
Explanation:
Also known as sustainable design, this approach integrates the building life-cycle with each green practice employed with a design-purpose to create a synergy among the practices used. ... The essence of green building is an optimization of one or more of these principles.
An AC waveform has an RMS voltage of 60 VAC. Whats the waveforms peak voltage?
Answers
Answer:
60√2 ≈ 84.9 V
Explanation:
You want the peak voltage of an AC waveform that has an RMS value of 60 VAC.
RMSThe square root of the average of the square of a sine wave is ...
\(\displaystyle\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2\pi}\int_0^{2\pi}{\sin^2(x)}\,dx}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2\pi}\left[\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{\sin(2x)}{4}\right]_0^{2\pi}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
The sine wave has a peak value of 1, which is √2 times its RMS value.
The peak voltage of a 60 Vrms sine wave is 60√2 ≈ 84.9 V.
__
Additional comment
The RMS value for any given waveform depends on the shape of the waveform. Here, we assumed the description "AC waveform" means the waveform is a sinusoid. If it is a pulse, square wave, triangle, sawtooth, or other waveform, the peak value may be different.
What are the prefixes for 1, 10, 1000, 1,000,000, .1, .01, .001, .000001
Answers
Prefix Symbol Multiplier Exponential
yotta Y 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 1024
zetta Z 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 1021
exa E 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 1018
peta P 1,000,000,000,000,000 1015
tera T 1,000,000,000,000 1012
giga G 1,000,000,000 109
mega M 1,000,000 106
kilo k 1,000 103
hecto h 100 102
deca da 10 101
1 100
deci d 0.1 10¯1
centi c 0.01 10¯2
milli m 0.001 10¯3
micro µ 0.000001 10¯6
nano n 0.000000001 10¯9
pico p 0.000000000001 10¯12
femto f 0.000000000000001 10¯15
atto a 0.000000000000000001 10¯18
zepto z 0.000000000000000000001 10¯21
yocto y 0.000000000000000000000001 10¯24
A hydrogenation catalyst is prepared by soaking alumina particles (100-150 mesh size) in aqueous NiNO3 solution. After drying and reduction, the particles contain about 7 wt% NiO. This catalyst is then made into large cylindrical pellets for rate studies. The gross measurements for one pellet are: Mass, g 3.15 Diameter, mm 25 Thickness, mm 6 Volume, cm3 3.22 The alumina particles contain micropores, and the pelleting process introduces macropores surrounding the particles. If the macropore volume of the pellet is 0.645 cm3 and the micropore volume is 0.40 cm3 /g of particles, determine: i] The density of the pellet ii] The macropore volume in cm3 /g iii] The macropore void fraction in the pellet iv] The micropore void fraction in the pellet v] The solid fraction vi] The density of the particles
Answers
i] The density of the pellet is 0.977 g/cm^{3}. ii] The macropore volume in cm^{3}/g is 0.205 cm^{3}/g. iii] The macropore void fraction in the pellet is 25.1%.iv] The micropore void fraction in the pellet is 49.0%. v] The solid fraction of the pellet is 25.9%. vi] The density of the particles is 1.222 g/cm^{3}.
i] To determine the density of the pellet, we can use the formula:
Density = Mass / Volume
Given that the mass of the pellet is 3.15 g and the volume is 3.22cm^{3}, we can calculate the density as follows:
Density = 3.15 g / 3.22 cm^{3}≈ 0.977 \(g/cm^{3\)
ii] The macropore volume in cm3/g can be calculated by dividing the macropore volume of the pellet (0.645 cm3) by the mass of the pellet (3.15 g):
Macropore volume = 0.645 cm^{3} / 3.15 g ≈ 0.205 \(cm^{3} /g\)
iii] The macropore void fraction in the pellet can be calculated using the formula:
Macropore void fraction = Macropore volume / Total volume of the pellet
Total volume of the pellet = Volume - Macropore volume = 3.22 cm^{3}- 0.645 cm^{3} = 2.575 cm^{3}
Macropore void fraction = 0.645 cm^{3} / 2.575 \(cm^{3}\)≈ 0.251 or 25.1%
iv] The micropore void fraction in the pellet can be calculated using the given micropore volume of the particles (0.40 cm^{3} /g) and the mass of the pellet (3.15 g):
Micropore volume in the pellet = Micropore volume/g x Mass
Micropore volume in the pellet = 0.40 \(cm^{3} /g\) x 3.15 g = 1.26 cm3
Micropore void fraction = Micropore volume in the pellet / Total volume of the pellet
Micropore void fraction = 1.26 \(cm^{3}\) / 2.575 \(cm^{3}\) ≈ 0.490 or 49.0%
v] The solid fraction of the pellet can be calculated by subtracting the sum of macropore and micropore void fractions from 1:
Solid fraction = 1 - (Macropore void fraction + Micropore void fraction)
Solid fraction = 1 - (0.251 + 0.490) ≈ 0.259 or 25.9%
vi] The density of the particles can be determined using the mass of the pellet (3.15 g) and the total volume of the particles:
Total volume of the particles = Volume - Macropore volume = 3.22 \(cm^{3}\)- 0.645 \(cm^{3}\) = 2.575\(cm^{3}\)
Density of the particles = Mass / Total volume of the particles
Density of the particles = 3.15 g / 2.575\(cm^{3}\) ≈ 1.222 \(g/cm^{3}\)
For more questions on pellet
https://brainly.com/question/14809745
#SPJ8
Determine the dimension of a cylindrical riser to be used for the casting as aluminium cube of sides 15cm. The volume shrinkage of aluminium during the solidification is 6.5%.Hint: Volume of the riser = 3% (Shrinkage volume of the casting)
Answers
The correct answer is To determine the dimension of a cylindrical riser for the casting of an aluminum cube of sides 15 cm, we need to consider the shrinkage that occurs during solidification.
The volume of the cylindrical riser should be equal to the volume of the aluminum cube plus the shrinkage volume. Since the shrinkage volume is given to be 6.5% of the volume of the aluminum cube, we can calculate it as follows:Shrinkage volume = \(6.5/100 * (15)^3\)\(= 172.6875 cm^3\)To find the volume of the cylindrical riser, we can use the formula: Volume of a cylinder = \(πr^2h\) Let's assume the height of the riser to be h and the radius to be r. We know that the volume of the riser should be 3% of the shrinkage volume plus the volume of the aluminum cube:
Volume of riser\(= 3/100 * 172.6875 + 15^3\)\(= 221.78 cm^3\) Substituting this value into the formula for the volume of a cylinder, we get: \(πr^2h = 221.78\) Since we don't have any information about the height of the riser, we can assume it to be h. Solving for r, we get: \(r = sqrt(221.78/(πh))\) Therefore, the dimension of the cylindrical riser would depend on the height of the riser, which is not given in the problem statement. We would need to know the height to calculate the radius of the cylindrical riser.
To learn more about cylindrical riser click on the link below:
brainly.com/question/16344141
#SPJ1
How are engine bearings lubricated?
Answers
Answer:
Engine bearings are lubricated by motor oils constantly supplied in sufficient amounts to the bearings surfaces. Lubricated friction is characterized by the presence of a thin film of the pressurized lubricant
Explanation:
Six 20 watt, 12-volt luminaires (lighting fixtures) are supplied from a small, 12-volt transformer that is 60 feet away from the fixtures. the wire used is 14 awg. what is the voltage applied to the fixtures? use k = 11.6.
Answers
If the wire used is 14 awg. The voltage applied to the fixtures is: 8.61 volts.
Voltage applied to the fixturesFirst step is to calculate the amperes using this formula
I = P ÷ E
Where:
I =load current (amperes)=?
P =Product of voltage=(6)(20)
E =Electrical circuit's=12
Let plug in the formula
I= (6)(20) ÷ 12
I=120÷12
I= 10 amps
Second step is to calculate the Voltage drop
Using this formula
Vd = [2KIL] ÷ CMA
Where:
Vd= Voltage drop( volts)=?
K=Direct current constant=11.6
I=Load current (amperes)= 10 amps
L =Length in feet=60 feet
CMA=Circular mill area= 4110
Let plug in the formula
Vd= [(2)(11.6)(10)(60)] ÷ 4110
Vd=13,920÷4110
Vd= 3.3869 volts
Third step is to calculate Voltage at fixture
Voltage at fixtures=Electrical circuit's-Voltage drop
Voltage at fixtures=12 - 3.3869
Voltage at fixtures=8.6131 volts
Voltage at fixtures=8.61 volts (Approximately)
Therefore the voltage applied to the fixtures is: 8.61 volts.
Learn more about voltage here:https://brainly.com/question/26523307
#SPJ1
A soil sample, taken from a borrow pit has a specific gravity of soil solids of 2.66. The sample was taken to a materials laboratory and tested. The results of a standard Proctor test are tabulated below.
Weight of Soil (lb) Moisture Content (%)
3.20 12.8
3.78 13.9
4.40 15.0
4.10 15.7
3.70 16.6
3.30 18.1
The maximum dry density in lb/ft3 is most nearly:_______
Answers
Answer:
115 Ib/ft^3
Explanation:
To determine the maximum dry density in Ib/ft3 we have to calculate :
Bulk unit weight ( yb ) ; W / v
Dry unit weight ( yd. ) : yb / ( 1 + w )
For every set of data given
assuming v = 1/30 ft^3
calculating for the 3 data set ( maximum dry density )
weight of soil (W) = 4.40
moisture content (%) (w) = 15.0 = 0.15
Bulk unit weight (yb) = 4.40 / (1/30) = 132 Ib/ft^3
Dry unit weight ( yd. ) = 132 / ( 1 + 0.15 ) = 114.702 Ib/ft^3
therefore after calculations the maximum dry density in Ib/ft^3 ≈ 115 Ib/ft^3
When force is fixed, does an increase in mass increase or decrease acceleration? The equation for Newton’s second law is F= MA . Do your results support Newton’s second law?
Answers
Answer: Newton's 2nd Law. Acceleration is produced by a net force on an object and is directly proportional to the magnitude of the force, in the same direction as the force, and is inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
Explanation:
A cylindrical bar of metal having a diameter of 20.5 mm and a length of 201 mm is deformed elastically in tension with a force of 46300 N. Given that the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the metal are 60.5 GPa and 0.33, respectively, determine the following: (a) The amount by which this specimen will elongate in the direction of the applied stress. (b) The change in diameter of the specimen. Indicate an increase in diameter with a positive number and a decrease with a negative number.
Answers
Answer:
a) The amount by which this specimen will elongate in the direction of the applied stress is 0.466 mm
b) The change in diameter of the specimen is - 0.015 mm
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
(a) The amount by which this specimen will elongate in the direction of the applied stress.
First we find the area of the cross section of the specimen
A = \(\frac{\pi }{4}\) d²
our given diameter is 20.5 mm so we substitute
A = \(\frac{\pi }{4}\) ( 20.5 mm )²
A = 330.06 mm²
Next, we find the change in length of the specimen using young's modulus formula
E = σ/∈
E = P/A × L/ΔL
ΔL = PL/AE
P is force ( 46300 N), L is length ( 201 mm ), A is area ( 330.06 mm² ) and E is elastic modulus (60.5 GPa) = 60.5 × 10⁹ N/m² = 60500 N/mm²
so we substitute
ΔL = (46300 N × 201 mm) / ( 330.06 mm² × 60500 N/mm² )
ΔL = 0.466 mm
Therefore, The amount by which this specimen will elongate in the direction of the applied stress is 0.466 mm
(b) The change in diameter of the specimen. Indicate an increase in diameter with a positive number and a decrease with a negative number.
Using the following relation for Poisson ratio
μ = - Δd/d / ΔL/L
given that Poisson's ratio of the metal is 0.33
so we substitute
0.33 = - Δd/20.5 / 0.466/201
0.33 = - Δd201 / 20.5 × 0.466
0.33 = - Δd201 / 9.143
0.33 × 9.143 = - Δd201
3.01719 = -Δd201
Δd = 3.01719 / - 201
Δd = - 0.015 mm
Therefore, The change in diameter of the specimen is - 0.015 mm
The temperature distribution across a wall 0.3 m thick at a certain instant of time is T(x) a bx cx2 , where T is in degrees Celsius and x is in meters, a 200 C, b 200 C/m, and c 30 C/m2 . The wall has a thermal conductivity of 1 W/mK. (a) On a unit surface area basis, determine the rate of heat transfer into and out of the wall and the rate of change of energy stored by the wall. (b) If the cold surface is exposed to a fluid at 100 C, what is the convection coefficient
Answers
Answer:
the rate of heat transfer into the wall is \(\mathbf{q__{in}} \mathbf{ = 200 W/m^2}\)
the rate of heat output is \(\mathbf{q_{out} =182 \ W/m^2}\)
the rate of change of energy stored by the wall is \(\mathbf{ \Delta E_{stored} = 18 \ W/m^2 }\)
the convection coefficient is h = 4.26 W/m².K
Explanation:
From the question:
The temperature distribution across the wall is given by :
\(T(x) = ax+bx+cx^2\)
where;
T = temperature in ° C
and a, b, & c are constants.
replacing 200° C for a, - 200° C/m for b and 30° C/m² for c ; we have :
\(T(x) = 200x-200x+30x^2\)
According to the application of Fourier's Law of heat conduction.
\(q_x = -k \dfrac{dT}{dx}\)
where the rate of heat input \(q_{in} = q_k\) ; Then x= 0
So:
\(q_{in}= -k (\dfrac{d( 200x-200x+30x^2)}{dx})_{x=0}\)
\(q_{in}= -1 (-200+60x)_{x=0}\)
\(\mathbf{q__{in}} \mathbf{ = 200 W/m^2}\)
Thus , the rate of heat transfer into the wall is \(\mathbf{q__{in}} \mathbf{ = 200 W/m^2}\)
The rate of heat output is:
\(q_{out} = q_{x=L}\); where x = 0.3
\(q_{out} = -k (\dfrac{dT}{dx})_{x=0.3}\)
replacing T with \(200x-200x+30x^2\) and k with 1 W/m.K
\(q_{out} = -1 (\dfrac{d(200x-200x+30x^2)}{dx})_{x=0.3}\)
\(q_{out} = -1 (-200+60x)_{x=0.3}\)
\(q_{out} = 200-60*0.3\)
\(\mathbf{q_{out} =182 \ W/m^2}\)
Therefore , the rate of heat output is \(\mathbf{q_{out} =182 \ W/m^2}\)
Using energy balance to determine the change of energy(internal energy) stored by the wall.
\(\Delta E_{stored} = E_{in}-E_{out} \\ \\ \Delta E_{stored} = q_{in}- q_{out} \\ \\ \Delta E_{stored} = (200 - 182 ) W/m^2 \\ \\\)
\(\mathbf{ \Delta E_{stored} = 18 \ W/m^2 }\)
Thus; the rate of change of energy stored by the wall is \(\mathbf{ \Delta E_{stored} = 18 \ W/m^2 }\)
We all know that for a steady state, the heat conducted to the end of the plate must be convected to the surrounding fluid.
So:
\(q_{x=L} = q_{convected}\)
\(q_{x=L} = h(T(L) - T _ \infty)\)
where;
h is the convective heat transfer coefficient.
Then:
\(Replacing \ 182 W/m^2 \ for \ q_{x=L} , (200-200x +30x \ for \ T(x) \ , 0.3 m \ for \ x \ and \ 100^0 C for \ T\) We have:
182 = h(200-200×0.3 + 30 ×0.3² - 100 )
182 = h (42.7)
h = 4.26 W/m².K
Thus, the convection coefficient is h = 4.26 W/m².K
technician a says that instrument panel warning lamps can indicate faults with various systems on the vehicle. technician b says that instrument panel warning lamps can indicate proper operation of various vehicle systems. who is correct?
Answers
Both technicians are correct in saying that warning lamps on the instrument panel can both signal a problem with a vehicle's systems and show that those systems are functioning properly.
Your automobile uses the dashboard warning lights to let you know when something is wrong, whether it's a door that wasn't closed properly or the dreaded check-engine light. They shine briefly when your car or truck warms up each time you start it, checking that all systems are secure and ready to drive. A light appears on the dashboard of the car when one or more sensors detect a part of it that isn't operating according to plan, signaling a problem that needs to be fixed. Comparable to a home's electrical fuse panel. As soon as you can, stop and turn off the engine if these lights start to appear. The check engine light in some vehicles may be red.
Learn more about warning lights here:
https://brainly.com/question/4511082
#SPJ4