When you push a shopping cart the friction that is opposing the motion is called _____ friction.

What is the friction used when pushing a shopping cart?

The source of protons that are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix in Stage 1 of oxidative phosphorylation is NADH (A).

During Stage 1, electrons from NADH are passed through the electron transport chain (ETC) and this process results in the pumping of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane from the matrix to the intermembrane space. This proton gradient is then used by ATP synthase to generate ATP during Stage 2 of oxidative phosphorylation.

FADH can also donate electrons to the ETC, but it does not contribute as many protons to the gradient as NADH. H₂O and H₂S are not involved in the electron transport chain or the proton pumping process during oxidative phosphorylation. Understanding the role of NADH and FADH in the electron transport chain is crucial to understanding how cells generate ATP, the primary energy currency of the cell. Hence, the correct answer is Option A.

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Given:

The speed of the train is,

The actual frequency of the whistle is,

The speed of sound in air is,

To find:

The frequency heard by the observer

Explanation:

The apparent frequency when the train approaches the observer is given by,

Hence, the frequency heard by you is 209.2 Hz.

Answer

the air becomes heavier

Explanation:

Answer:

When air holds as much water vapor as it can for a given temperature (100% relative humidity), it is said to be saturated. If saturated air is warmed, it can hold more water (relative humidity drops), which is why warm air is used to dry objects--it absorbs moisture. ... Such air compresses and warms.

so it is the air becomes warmer.

Answer:

A black hole is a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing—no particles or even electromagnetic radiation such as light—can escape from it. The theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass can deform spacetime to form a black hole.

The angular speed of the wheels is 100 rad/s.

To calculate the angular speed of the wheels, use the relationship between linear speed, angular speed, and the diameter of the wheels.

The linear speed of the scooter is given as 6.00 m/s.

The diameter of the wheels is 120 mm, which is equivalent to 0.12 m (since 1 meter = 1000 millimeters).

The linear speed of a point on the rim of a rotating wheel is related to the angular speed (ω) by the equation:

Linear speed = Angular speed * Radius

Since the radius is half of the diameter, calculate the radius of the wheels:

Radius = 0.12 m / 2 = 0.06 m

Now rearrange the equation to solve for the angular speed:

Angular speed = Linear speed / Radius

Angular speed = 6.00 m/s / 0.06 m

Angular speed = 100 rad/s

Therefore, the angular speed of the wheels is 100 rad/s.

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Enola needs to ride 3.2 miles a day.

The target distance of 23.8 miles can be reached in 4 days if the average rate is x and 11 miles are traveled. This can be expressed as an equation:

4x + 11 = 23.8

Solve it for x:

4x = 23.8 - 11

4x = 12.8

x = 12.8/4

x = 3.2  

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Answer:

The velocity of the car of mass 4 kg with respect to ground is 0 m/s

Explanation:

The problem initially stated that the car is at rest. at this stage, the velocity of the car relative to the ground is already = 0 m/s.

When the 10 kg car began to move, the problem did not specify at any point that the 4 kg car began to move also. Hence, the motion of the 10 kg car did not affect the 4 kg car in any way.

As a result, relative to the ground, the velocity of the 4 kg car is still 0 m/s since no motion was recorded by the car.

Answer:

a. normal

Explanation:

In the field of physics the normal is a line drawn at a right angle to a barrier. In other words the normal line is the line that is drawn perpendicular (right angle, 90 degrees) to the reflective surface of a mirror, or the particular boundary in which refraction occurs at the point of incidence of a light ray. This can be seen in the picture attached below.

In order to calculate the reading R of the scale and the upward velocity v of the elevator, we can use Newton's second law of motion, The reading R of the scale is approximately 735 N, and the upward velocity v of the elevator at the end of the 3 seconds is approximately 31.62 m/s.

The reading R of the scale:

The reading on the scale is equal to the normal force exerted by the man on the scale, which is also the force exerted by the scale on the man. In this case, the normal force is equal to the weight of the man.

Weight = mass * acceleration due to gravity

Weight = 75 kg * 9.8 m/s^2

Weight ≈ 735 N

Since the scale is a spring scale, it measures the force exerted on it. Therefore, the reading R of the scale is equal to the weight of the man, which is approximately 735 N.

Finding the upward velocity v of the elevator:

The velocity, we need to determine the acceleration of the elevator during the first 3 seconds. We can use the following equation of motion:

Final velocity = Initial velocity + (acceleration * time)

Since the elevator starts from rest, the initial velocity is 0 m/s. The acceleration can be calculated using Newton's second law of motion:

Net force = mass * acceleration

Tension - Weight = mass * acceleration

8300 N - 735 N = 750 kg * acceleration

Acceleration ≈ 10.54 m/s^2

Now, we can calculate the final velocity of the elevator using the equation of motion:

Final velocity = 0 + (10.54 m/s^2 * 3 s)

Final velocity ≈ 31.62 m/s

Therefore, the reading R of the scale is approximately 735 N, and the upward velocity v of the elevator at the end of the 3 seconds is approximately 31.62 m/s.

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Therefore, the maximum speed of the emitted electrons is 1.62 x 10⁶ m/s.

The photoelectric effect is observed on two metal surfaces. If light of wavelength 300.0 nm is incident on a metal that has a work function of 2.80 eV, the maximum speed of the emitted electrons is 1.62 x 10⁶ m/s. What is the photoelectric effect? The photoelectric effect, also known as the Hertz–Lenard effect, is a phenomenon in which electrons are emitted from a metal surface when light is shone on it. The photoelectric effect was initially studied by Heinrich Hertz in 1887 and later by Philipp Lenard in 1902.Latex-free answer: To calculate the maximum speed of emitted electrons using the photoelectric effect equation, we can use the following formula: KEmax = hν - φwhere KE max is the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electron, h is Planck's constant, ν is the frequency of the incident light, and φ is the work function of the metal. Using the equation, we can convert the given wavelength of 300.0 nm to frequency by using the formula c = λν where c is the speed of light and λ is the wavelength. c = λνν = c/λν = (3.0 x 10⁸ m/s) / (300.0 x 10⁻⁹ m)ν = 1.0 x 10¹⁵ Hz, Now we can plug in the values in the equation: KE max = (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ J s) (1.0 x 10¹⁵ Hz) - (2.80 eV)(1.60 x 10⁻¹⁹ J/eV)KE max = 1.06 x 10⁻¹⁹ J - 4.48 x 10⁻¹⁹ JKE max = -3.42 x 10⁻¹⁹ J. Since KE max is a positive value, we can convert the value to speed using the equation KE = 1/2mv² where m is the mass of the electron and v is the velocity of the electron: v = √(2KE/m)v = √[(2)(3.42 x 10⁻¹⁹ J)/(9.11 x 10⁻³¹ kg)]v = 1.62 x 10⁶ m/s. Therefore, the maximum speed of the emitted electrons is 1.62 x 10⁶ m/s.

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When a piston is depressed, the steady force is 15 N.

Forces that are equal in size and opposing in direction are said to be balanced forces. Equilibrium is regarded as a state of balanced forces. There is no change in direction when the forces are in balance. Balanced combined forces are always equal to zero.

Unbalanced forces are those in which the force acting in one direction is greater than the force acting in the other. A change in speed and/or direction occurs when an object is being affected by unbalanced forces.

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Explanation:

hope it's useful for you knows

Answer:

1) Acids have a sour taste , Bases have a bitter taste.

2) Acids turn blue litmus paper into red , Bases turn red litmus paper into blue.

3) Acids react with most metals to form Hydrogen gas but only a few base react with a few metals to form Hydrogen gas

4) Both will conduct electricity. Both acids & bases are good electrolytes. Strong acids & bases conduct more electricity than that of weak acids & bases

Fill in the blanks with the properties of acids and bases as follows:

The properties of acids are as follows:

Therefore, fill in the blanks with the properties of acids and bases are well described above.

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Answer:

A swimming pool appears shallower than it really is due to the phenomenon of REFRACTION. Due to refraction, from rarer medium( Air ) to denser medium ( water ), the pool looks shallower

Explanation:

The difference in the emission of interstellar hydrogen atoms between radio waves at a wavelength of 21cm and visible light is due to the physical conditions of the hydrogen clouds.

Hydrogen atoms emit radio waves at a wavelength of 21cm when their electrons change their spin state from parallel to anti-parallel. This transition corresponds to a change in energy that is characteristic of hydrogen atoms in interstellar space, where the density of particles is low and the temperature is cold.

However, some hydrogen clouds can emit visible light when the conditions are right for the excitation of the hydrogen atoms. This can happen, for example, when the density of particles is high enough for collisions to excite the electrons of the hydrogen atoms to higher energy levels, and then they release that energy as visible light when they return to their ground state.

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Answer:

1.32 × 1022 short tons

Explanation:

hope this helps

The required mass of the planet is 8 times the mass of the earth.

Given that,
The Escape speed at the surface of a certain planet is twice that of the earth. The planet has a radius twice of the Earth. what is its mass in unit of earth's mass is to be determined.

An object with this velocity at the earth's surface will completely escape the earth's gravitational field, even after accounting for atmospheric losses.

here,
The escape velocity of the planet = 2 Escape velocity of the earth
\(\sqrt{{2GM_p}/r_p} = 2\sqrt{2GM_e/r_e}\)
Substitute the values and square both sides,
\({{2GM_p}/2r_e} = 4*{2GM_e/r_e}\\M_p = 8M_e\)

Thus, the required mass of the planet is 8 times the mass of the earth.

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Biologists often use the term "energy source" as a synonym for "electron donor" because the transfer of electrons is a key component of energy generation in many biological systems.

In biological systems, energy is typically generated through a series of chemical reactions called cellular respiration. In this process, electrons are transferred between molecules, releasing energy that is used to power cellular processes. The molecule that donates electrons is known as the electron donor, and the molecule that accepts the electrons is known as the electron acceptor.

Since the transfer of electrons is the primary mechanism by which energy is generated in these systems, biologists often use the term "energy source" to refer to the electron donor. For example, in photosynthesis, the energy source is the electron donor (usually water), which donates electrons to the photosynthetic electron transport chain, generating energy that is used to create ATP and reduce carbon dioxide to produce organic molecules.

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The correct answer is D. All of the above.

Rutherford's solar system model of the atom, also known as the Rutherford model or planetary model, was eventually rejected due to multiple inconsistencies that led to its failure.

A. Electrons cannot orbit the nucleus because it always will have attraction toward the positively charged nucleus: This is known as the classical electromagnetic radiation problem. According to classical electrodynamics, an orbiting charged particle would experience acceleration due to the attraction between the negatively charged electron and the positively charged nucleus. Accelerating charged particles would radiate energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation, causing the electron to lose energy and eventually spiral into the nucleus. This violates the principles of classical electromagnetism.

B. Orbiting electrons will possess centripetal acceleration and the accelerating charged particles radiate energy away: As mentioned above, the acceleration of charged particles in an orbit would lead to the emission of electromagnetic radiation. This energy loss would cause the electron to spiral into the nucleus, which is inconsistent with the stability of the atom.

C. All the positive charge cannot be present inside the nucleus for the stability of the atom: Rutherford's model suggested that almost all the positive charge and mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus. However, this arrangement would not provide enough stability to the atom. The repulsion between the positively charged protons in the nucleus would cause the nucleus to disintegrate, which is inconsistent with the observed stability of atoms.

Therefore, all of the given options (A, B, and C) present inconsistencies that led to the rejection of Rutherford's solar system model of the atom. The correct answer is D. All of the above.

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One physical force that can change an object from one phase to the next is temperature. The phase of matter is determined by the arrangement and movement of its particles. As temperature changes, the average kinetic energy of the particles also changes, causing them to move faster or slower.

This change in movement can lead to a change in the arrangement of particles, which ultimately changes the phase of the matter.
For example, if a solid is heated, the particles gain energy and vibrate faster, causing the bonds between particles to weaken. Eventually, the bonds break, and the particles are able to move freely, resulting in a liquid phase. Similarly, if a liquid is cooled, the particles lose energy and move slower, causing the bonds between particles to strengthen. Eventually, the particles will become fixed in a rigid pattern, resulting in a solid phase.

Therefore, temperature can act as a physical force to change the phase of matter, and it is a fundamental concept in the study of thermodynamics and phase transitions.

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If a bullet leaves a rifle at 350 m/s. if it is fired horizontally from a cliff 6.4 m above a lake, the bullet would cover a distance of 399 meters before hitting the water.

It can be defined as the motion of any object or body when thrown from the earth's surface and follows any curved path under the effect of the gravitational force of the earth.

The time taken by the bullet to reach the ground can be calculated with the help of the second equation of the motion,

6.4 = 0 + 0.5 × 9.8 × t²

t² = 6.4 / 4.9

t = 1.14 seconds

The horizontal distance covered by the bullet = 1.14 × 350

                                                                             = 399 meters

Thus, the bullet would cover a distance of 399 meters before hitting the water.

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Physics is a natural science that studies the behavior and properties of matter and energy. Its various branches have a wide range of applications in our daily lives, from designing structures and machines to developing new technologies and understanding the universe.

Physics is a natural science that studies the behavior and properties of matter and energy, their interactions, and the laws that govern them. It is a fundamental science that aims to understand the universe from the smallest subatomic particles to the largest structures and phenomena.

The branches of physics include classical mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, optics, quantum mechanics, relativity, astrophysics, and nuclear physics. These branches have various applications in our daily lives. For example:

1. Classical mechanics is used in designing structures and machines, and in predicting the motion of objects such as cars, airplanes, and projectiles.

2. Thermodynamics is important for understanding the behavior of heat and energy transfer in engines, refrigerators, and other devices.

3. Electromagnetism is essential for the functioning of electronic devices, such as computers, televisions, and mobile phones.

4. Optics is used in designing lenses, cameras, and telescopes, as well as in medical imaging technologies such as X-rays and MRI scans.

5. Quantum mechanics has applications in the development of new materials, electronics, and computer technologies.

6. Relativity is important for understanding the behavior of objects traveling at high speeds or in strong gravitational fields, such as GPS satellites.

7. Astrophysics helps us understand the properties and behavior of celestial objects, such as stars, galaxies, and black holes.

8. Nuclear physics is important for energy production and the study of the fundamental building blocks of matter.

In conclusion, physics is a fundamental science that has a wide range of applications in our daily lives, from designing structures and machines to developing new technologies and understanding the universe. Its various branches help us understand the behavior of matter and energy and the laws that govern them, and they have a profound impact on many aspects of our lives.

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The spring constant is 1.74 N/m and the maximum amplitude of the glider's motion is 0.06 m.

The formula to find the force of the spring is

F = -kx,

where k is the spring constant and x is the displacement from the equilibrium position.

Since the glider is pushed 12.0 cm against the spring, or 0.12 m, the force of the spring can be found using the formula:

F = -kxF = -(k)(0.12)

F = -0.12k

To find the spring constant k, we need to know the mass of the glider.

The formula for the period of a spring oscillator is:

T = 2π√(m/k),

where T is the period, m is the mass, and k is the spring constant.

Rearranging this formula, we get:

k = (4π²m)/T²

Plugging in the values we have:

T = 10 s (for 10 oscillations) and m = 0.140 kg, k = (4π²)(0.140)/(10²)k ≈ 1.74 N/m

Now that we know k, we can find the maximum amplitude of the glider's motion.

The formula for the maximum amplitude is:

A = x₀, where x₀ is the initial displacement from the equilibrium position. In this case, x₀ = 0.12 m.

However, we can also use the formula

A = (1/2) x_max

Plugging in the values we have:

A = (1/2) x_maxx_max = 2A = 2(0.12) = 0.24 m

The maximum amplitude of the glider's motion is 0.24 m, or 0.06 m per oscillation.

Hence, the spring constant is 1.74 N/m and the maximum amplitude of the glider's motion is 0.06 m.

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Complete question:

A 140 g air-track glider is attached to a spring. The glider is pushed in 12 cm and released. A student with a stopwatch finds that 10.0 oscillations take 10.0 s. What is the spring constant?

The air carbon arc-cutting process requires compressed air in the range of approximately 80 psi to 100 psi. This cutting method utilizes an electric arc to generate heat, which melts the metal being cut, while the compressed air stream blows away the molten material, creating a clean and precise cut.

The pressure of the compressed air plays a crucial role in the effectiveness and quality of the cut.

It is important to maintain the appropriate pressure range (80-100 psi) for optimal cutting results. Insufficient air pressure may result in inadequate removal of molten material, leading to a poor-quality cut or even an incomplete cut. On the other hand, excessive air pressure can cause unnecessary wear on the cutting equipment, as well as create a wider kerf or excessive distortion in the workpiece.

The air carbon arc cutting process is suitable for cutting various types of metals, including steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and cast iron. This method is popular in various industries due to its high cutting speed, minimal heat-affected zone, and versatility in cutting various metal thicknesses. It is essential to select the appropriate cutting parameters, including air pressure, to achieve the best possible cutting results.

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You would use the extent of cloud cover to determine the level of solar heating and nighttime radiational cooling in a temperature forecast.

Clouds as a weather phenomenon are tiny liquid water vapor particles, frozen water crystals, and other particles suspended in the air.  Clouds form in the sky because the air is saturated with moisture when it cools down to the dew point, or when a lot of water evaporates from the earth's surface and forms water vapor.

Cloud cover is the part of the sky that is covered by clouds relative to an observer (weather station) at a given point on land or sea.  In other words, the number of clouds in the sky or the degree of cloud cover.  This is one of the most important weather parameters, it is also called clouds. 

In current meteorology, it is mainly given as a percentage.  For example, if the sky is 100% covered with clouds, then it is a completely cloudy day.  When the cloud cover is 25%, the day will be sunny, not cloudy.  Cloudiness 0% means a sunny day without clouds.  Therefore, it is also called

the percentage of cloud cover in the sky.

However, it is important to note that in the past people used special "octa" markers to indicate cloud cover on paper weather maps indicating the same.  The shield looks like a circle divided into eight parts.

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We've got m/s, which is value of distance ÷ time

(distance/time)

3 x 10^8 is:

300,000,000m/s

1km = 1000m

1hr = 3600secs

So, divide 300,000,000m by 1000 to get in km & you get:

300,000km

Now divide this value by 3600 seconds to get it in km/hr

300,000km/3600 = 83.33333333

Thus, answer is 83.3km/h

Or

8.33 x 10^1 km/h (in standard form)

(doing 83.3 recurring multipled by 1000 & 3600 gets you back to original answer. So, 83.33333...x1000x3600= 300,000,000)

Hope this helps!

Answer:

\({ \boxed{ \rm{workdone = force \times distance}}}\)

A load cell is a transducer that is used to convert a mechanical force or load into an electrical signal. Load cells typically contain strain gauges, which are resistive elements that change their electrical resistance when subjected to mechanical stress or strain.

When a load cell is connected to an external resistor, it forms a Wheatstone bridge circuit. The Wheatstone bridge is a type of electrical circuit that is commonly used to measure small changes in resistance. By incorporating the load cell into a Wheatstone bridge circuit, it becomes more sensitive to small changes in resistance caused by applied loads. The external resistor in the circuit is often referred to as a balancing resistor or completion resistor. Its purpose is to balance the bridge and ensure that the circuit is operating in its most sensitive range. By adjusting the value of the external resistor, the sensitivity and accuracy of the load cell can be optimized.

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