Answers
It is expected that the asset's value and the stock's worth are equivalent when stock is issued in exchange for non-cash assets. Take note that the issue price per share is the same as the par value. It is possible to determine the stock's worth, and the land's value is set at the same sum.
What is stock ?All the shares that make up a corporation or company's ownership make up its stock. A single share of stock represents a fractional ownership interest in the company based on the total number of shares.
The amount that shareholders would get if a firm was liquidated and all of its debts were settled is known as the book value of a stock. The difference between a company's total assets and its liabilities is hence its book value.
Thus, It is possible to determine the stock's worth, and the land's value is set at the same sum.
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Related Questions
Juan is responsible for writing a contract between his company and a vendor. Arrange the tiles in the order in which Juan will complete the contract
Answers
Choose the key things to include in the contract and establish its structure by drafting an outline that arranges the clauses and provisions in the right sequence. Make a rough draft of the contract and put down all the facts. fine-tune the material, make sure it's clear, and look it over for grammar and spelling mistakes.
A sentence is a component of language that consists of a semantic predictand (expressed or not) and a semantic predicate. A typical clause comprises of a subject and a syntactic predicate, the latter of which is usually a verb phrase made up of a verb and any associated objects and modifiers. Even in languages with null subjects, other languages, and even English in the imperative mood, the subject is occasionally unvoiced if it can be retrieved from context. A simple sentence is complete when it has only one clause and one finite verb. Complex sentences have several clauses, including at least one independent clause (a clause that can stand alone as a simple sentence) coordinated either with at least one dependent clause (also known as an embedded clause) or with one or more independent clauses.
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Answer: see the picture
Explanation:
Which two statements about financial service companies are true?
Answers
Answer:
b. and d.
Explanation:
Careers that require a college degree and those
Answers
Answer:Careers that require a college degree and those that do not have different levels of education and skill requirements.
Explanation:
A rational decisionmaker
A. ignores marginal changes and focuses instead on “the big picture.”
B. takes an action only if the combined benefits of that action and previous actions exceed the combined costs of that action and previous actions
C. ignores the likely effects of government policies when he or she makes choices
D. takes an action only if the marginal benefit of that action exceeds the marginal cost of that action
Answers
If the amount of gasoline purchased per car at a large service station has a population of $15 and a population standard deviation of$4 then 99.73% of all cars will purchase between $3 and $27
Answers
The range between $3 and $27 is three standard deviations away from the mean.
Since we know that 99.73% of the data falls within three standard deviations of the mean, we can estimate that 99.73% of all cars will purchase gasoline between $3 and $27.
According to the given information, the population mean is $15, and the population standard deviation is $4.
This means that 99.73% of all cars will purchase gasoline within three standard deviations of the mean, using the empirical rule.
Therefore, we can use the empirical rule to estimate the percentage of cars that will purchase gasoline between $3 and $27.
The empirical rule is also known as the 68-95-99.7 rule, which states that:Approximately 68% of the data falls within one standard deviation of the meanApproximately 95% of the data falls within two standard deviations of the meanApproximately 99.7% of the data falls within three standard deviations of the mean.
To find the number of standard deviations that correspond to $3 and $27, we need to calculate the z-scores.
The z-score formula is given as:z = (x - μ) / σwhere z is the standard score, x is the value of the variable, μ is the population mean, and σ is the population standard deviation.
To find the z-score for $3, we plug in the values:z = (3 - 15) / 4z = -3To find the z-score for $27, we plug in the values:z = (27 - 15) / 4z = 3.
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in 200 words do you think that Microsoft should decline to do business with the likes of ExxonMobil unless they also adopt ambitious sustainability targets as some critics have suggested?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The debate over whether tech companies such as Microsoft should refuse to do business with companies that do not adopt ambitious sustainability targets, like ExxonMobil, is a complicated issue. Some critics argue that companies such as Microsoft have the power to make a significant impact by using their influence to push for more sustainable practices across industries.
On the other hand, it can be argued that businesses should not be penalized for not meeting sustainability targets if they are not legally required to do so. Additionally, it may not be fair to hold tech companies to a higher standard than other industries that also contribute to environmental degradation.
Furthermore, refusing to do business with companies like ExxonMobil could have negative consequences, such as harming the economy and increasing unemployment. It may be more effective for companies like Microsoft to work with ExxonMobil to develop sustainable practices and gradually transition to more environmentally-friendly operations.
Overall, while it is important for companies to prioritize sustainability and work towards reducing their environmental impact, it is not necessarily productive or fair to refuse to do business with those who are not yet meeting ambitious sustainability targets. Instead, collaboration and partnership between industries may be a more effective approach to achieving long-term sustainability goals.
which business function is concerned with delivering a product or service to customers?
Answers
Answer:
Production
Production departments or companies are the manufacturing branches of a business to produce products or delivery of services to customers
what are the negative impacts of a cooperative
Answers
Answer:
Lack of Motivation:
Due to absence of link between efforts and material rewards, the members may lack the zest to serve the organisation to the best of their abilities. The results of such negatives are bound to show up in the functioning of the cooperative society.
Explanation:
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Question 10 of 10
How do values play a role in planning a career?
Answers
Career values are crucial since they can help define the parameters for your personal fulfillment and professional success. You may be intentional in your employment search and utilize your values to build your future by recognizing your own values and what matters most to you.
What are values in career planning?Work values, also known as career values, are the personal ideas, drives, and beliefs that guide you in determining what matters most to you in your professional life. Your drive to work and your overall success at work are both influenced by them.
Our actions, relationships, and lives as a whole are influenced by our own values. In addition to helping us make important decisions, our beliefs can affect how we develop personally. Knowing your values will help you make decisions about your profession, relationships with others, and interests that are most important to you.
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50 points. Ethics are essential in good accounting. For this assignment, find examples of poor ethical behavior in accounting and some of the fallout of those behaviors. Remember to use good writing habits. Cite your sources.
Answers
Answer:
Ethics of accounting information is providing accounting information to make good economic decisions in the financial statement of the organization.
Explanation:
4. If you enter your credit card information as a requirement for a "free trial" there is
a possibility you could be charged automatically after the trial period is up.
True
O
False
HELP ME
Answers
Answer:
True
Explanation:
If you enter a credit card for a free trial, the card will likely be automatically charged because you have agreed to have your card charged immediately after the free trial period.
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Explain why domestic trade is important to the economy
Answers
Answer: The importance of domestic trade in a country is that it facilitates exchange of goods within the country. ... By allowing all different types of goods and services to reach to all parts of the country it improves the standard of living of the residents of the country as well as the employment rate of the country.
Explanation: Please mark me brainliest! Have a great day!!!
Which of the following is a fixed asset for a business?
A. Bicycle for private use
B. Washing machine for restate
C. Motor car for family use
D. Motor lorry for delivery of goods
Answers
Answer:
D. Motor lorry for delivery of goods
Explanation:
Business assets are valuable used to generate revenue for the business. Assets can be classified as either current or fixed assets. Currents assets can be converted to cash with relative ease.
Fixed assets have a lifespan exceeding one year. Usually, a business will not dispose of its fixed assets in the current financial period. Fixed assets remain constant in a period and are used in the production process.
From the list provided, lorry is the fixed asset. It is being used to deliver goods, hence assisting in generating revenue. The lorry has a lifespan exceeding one year and is not meant for sale.
Current interest rates on one-year bonds are
averagely 15%. If the markets expect interest rates on
one-year bonds next year to be 16.5%, what should be
the expected return on a two-year bond?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
To calculate the expected return on a two-year bond, we need to consider the current one-year interest rate and the expected one-year interest rate next year.
Assuming the interest rate on a two-year bond is compounded annually, the formula for the expected return on a two-year bond is:
(1 + r)^2 = (1 + r1) x (1 + r2)
where:
r is the expected return on the two-year bond
r1 is the current one-year interest rate (15%)
r2 is the expected one-year interest rate next year (16.5%)
Simplifying the equation, we get:
(1 + r)^2 = (1 + 0.15) x (1 + 0.165)
(1 + r)^2 = 1.32225
Taking the square root of both sides, we get:
1 + r = 1.1498
r = 0.1498 or 14.98%
Therefore, the expected return on a two-year bond, given the current and expected one-year interest rates, is 14.98%.
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Answer:
To calculate the expected return on a two-year bond, we need to consider the current one-year interest rate and the expected one-year interest rate next year.
Assuming the interest rate on a two-year bond is compounded annually, the formula for the expected return on a two-year bond is:
(1 + r)^2 = (1 + r1) x (1 + r2)
where:
r is the expected return on the two-year bond
r1 is the current one-year interest rate (15%)
r2 is the expected one-year interest rate next year (16.5%)
Simplifying the equation, we get:
(1 + r)^2 = (1 + 0.15) x (1 + 0.165)
(1 + r)^2 = 1.32225
Taking the square root of both sides, we get:
1 + r = 1.1498
r = 0.1498 or 14.98%
Stargel Inc. common stock was $119.70 on December 31, 2014.
Stargel Inc.
Comparative Retained Earnings Statement
For the Years Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013
2014 2013
Retained earnings, January 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$5,375,000 $4,545,000
Add net income for year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900,000 925,000
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$6,275,000 $5,470,000
Deduct dividends:
On preferred stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 45,000 $ 45,000
On common stock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50,000 50,000
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 95,000 $ 95,000
Retained earnings, December 31 . . . . . . . . . . .$6,180,000 $5,375,000
Stargel Inc.
Comparative Income Statement
For the Years Ended December 31, 2014 and 2013
2014 2013
Sales (all on account) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10,050,000 $9,450,000
Sales returns and allowances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50,000 50,000
Net sales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10,000,000 $9,400,000
Cost of goods sold. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,350,000 4,950,000
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 4,650,000 $4,450,000
Selling expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$ 2,000,000 $1,880,000
Administrative expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,500,000 1,410,000
Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 3,500,000 $3,290,000
Income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,150,000 $1,160,000
Other income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150,000 140,000
$ 1,300,000 $1,300,000
Other expense (interest) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170,000 150,000
Income before income tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,130,000 $1,150,000
Income tax expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .230,000 225,000
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 900,000 $ 925,000
Stargel Inc.
Comparative Balance Sheet
December 31, 20Y2 and 20Y1.
20Y2 20Y1
Assets
Current assets:
Cash $500,000 $400,000
Marketable securities 1,010,000 1,000,000
Accounts receivable (net) 740,000 510,000
Inventories 1,190,000 950,000
Prepaid expenses 250,000 229,000
Total current assets $3,690,000 $3,089,000
Long-term investments 2,350,000 2,300,000
Property, plant, and equipment (net) 3,740,000 3,366,000
Total assets $9,780,000 $8,755,000
Liabilities
Current liabilities $900,000 $880,000
Long-term liabilities:
Mortgage note payable, 10% $200,000 $0
Bonds payable, 10% 1,500,000 1,500,000
Total long-term liabilities $1,700,000 $1,500,000
Total liabilities $2,600,000 $2,380,000
Required:
Determine the following measures for 20Y2, rounding to one decimal place, except dollar amounts which should be rounded to the nearest cent. Assume 365 days a year.
Return on total assets %
Return on stockholders’ equity %
Return on common stockholders’ equity %
Answers
Working Capital = Current Assets - Current Liabilities
Working Capital = $36,90,000 - $900000
Working Capital = $27,90,000
Answer 2.
Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities
Current Ratio = $36,90,000 / $900000
Current Ratio = 4.1
7) Number days' sales in inventory = (Inventory/Cost of goods sold) * 365 days
=(11,90,000 / 53,50,000) * 365 days = 81.18 days approx
8) Ratio of fixed assets to long-term liabilities = Fixed Assets/Long Term Liabilities
=(2350000+3740000) / 1700000= 3.58 times
9) Ratio of liabilities to stockholders' equity = Total Liabilities/stockholders' equity
=26,00,000 / 71,80,000
=0.36211 times
10) Number of times interest charges are earned = Earnings Before Interest & Tax / Interest Expense
= 1300000 / 170000 = 7.64 times
11) Number of times preferred dividends are earned = Dividend on preferred stock/preferred stock
= 45000 / 500000
=0.09 times
12) Ratio of sales to assets = Net Sales (Total Sales-Sales Return)/Total Assets
= 10,000,000 / 9780000
= 1.022 times
13 ) Rate earned on total assets = Net Income/Average Total Assets(Opening+closing Total Assets)/2
=900000 /(8755000+ 97,80,000)/2
=900000/ 9267500
=0.09711 times or 9.711 %
14) Rate earned on stockholders' equity = Net Income/Average Stockholders' Equity(opening+closing stockholders' Equity)/2
=900,000/(6375000+7180000)/2
=900000/6777500
=0.132 or 13.27 %
15) Rate earned on common stockholders' equity=
(Net Income - Dividend on Preferred stock)/Average Common Stock(opening + closing common stockholders' equity)
=(900000-45000)/(500000+500000)/2
=855000/500000
=1.71 times
16. Earnings per share on common stock = (Net Income - Dividend on Preferred stock)/Common Stock(in numbers)
=(900000-45000)/100000
=8.55 times
17) Price-earnings ratio = Market Price per share/ Earnings per share
=119.70(given)/8.55
=14 times
18) Dividends per share of common stock = Dividend to common stock/common stock (in number)
=50000 / 100000
=0.5 times
19) Dividend yield = Dividends per share of common stock/Market Price per share
=(0.5 /119.70) * 100
= 0.835%
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Based on the following data, determine the cost of merchandise sold for October. Merchandise Inventory, October 1 $ 98,560 Merchandise Inventory, October 31 102,330 Purchases 433,880 Purchases Returns & Allowances 12,760 Purchases Discounts 9,900 Transportation In 7,620
Answers
Answer:
$414,070
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the cost of merchandise sold for October
Merchandise inventory, october 1 $ 98,560
Add: Purchases $433,880
Add: Transportation in $7,620
Less: Purchase return and allowances $12,760
Less: Purchase discount $9,900
Less: Merchandise inventory, october 31 $102,330
Cost of merchandise sold $414,070
Therefore the cost of merchandise sold for October will be $414,070
Double declining balance
Answers
The double-declining balance method is an effective way to depreciate assets in the early years of their useful life and reduce the balance of the asset more quickly than the straight-line method. This helps companies to account for the asset's cost more accurately over time and to recognize its diminishing value as it ages.
Double-declining balance method is a method of depreciation that is an accelerated method.
The depreciation rate is twice as much as the straight-line method's depreciation rate.
This method begins with an asset's value at the beginning of its use and then decreases at a constant rate throughout its useful life until it reaches the asset's salvage value.
This depreciation method is most commonly used for assets that depreciate quickly at the beginning of their useful life and then slowly depreciate over time until they are scrapped or sold.
Assets such as computers, vehicles, and machinery are common examples of assets that use this method of depreciation.
Double-declining balance method can be calculated using the following formula:Annual depreciation = (2 / useful life in years) * book value at the beginning of the yearOrDepreciation rate = 2 / useful life in years.
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do Businesses operate separately from society as a whole.
Answers
Businesses do not operate separately from society as a whole. In fact, businesses are an integral part of society and their operations can have significant impacts on various aspects of society, including the economy, the environment, and social issues.
Firstly, businesses are a key contributor to the economy of a society. They generate income, create jobs, and drive innovation, which in turn fuels economic growth and development. The success of businesses is closely tied to the health and well-being of the economy, and vice versa.
Secondly, businesses can have significant impacts on the environment. Their operations can result in pollution, depletion of natural resources, and other negative environmental effects. As such, businesses have a responsibility to operate in a sustainable manner, reducing their environmental impact and promoting sustainable practices.
Thirdly, businesses can also have an impact on social issues such as inequality, discrimination, and human rights. For example, businesses may choose to operate in a way that promotes diversity and inclusivity, or they may take steps to ensure that their operations do not contribute to human rights abuses or other negative social impacts.
In conclusion, businesses are an important part of society and their operations are closely interconnected with various aspects of society. As such, businesses have a responsibility to operate in a way that takes into account their impact on society as a whole, including the economy, the environment, and social issues. This is why many businesses are increasingly adopting corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies and practices, which aim to ensure that their operations are sustainable, socially responsible, and contribute positively to society.
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Define accounting and describe the purpose of accounting.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The purpose of accounting is to accumulate and report on financial information about the performance, financial position, and cash flows of a business. This information is then used to reach decisions about how to manage the business, or invest in it, or lend money to it
Steve has built an online shopping website and he would like to increase his website ranking in the search results. You are his consultant. Which of the following would you recommend for him to help achieve his goal?
Answers
Hope this helps you.
1. What situations might have created the budget deficit for the Constantine family?
Answers
Answer:
The situations that might have created the budget deficit for the Constantine family are an unexpected increase in rent, higher cost of food( away), higher cost of personal gifts, and donations. The current budget deficit is $210. These are the items of expenditure that could have increased and have led to the budget deficit for the Constantine family.
Explanation:
A sudden rise in rent, greater food (away) costs, higher prices for presents for family members, and contributions are all possible causes of the Constantine family's budget shortfall.
What is a budget deficit?An overrun in spending over income results in a budget deficit, which can be a sign of a nation's financial stability. The phrase is frequently used to describe government expenditure rather than that of companies or people.
Budget deficits have an impact on the total amount a nation owes to creditors, the total of its annual budget deficits, and the national debt.
Current costs surpass the amount of money obtained via routine operations when a budget deficit is detected. A government may boost revenue-generating activities or reduce specific expenditures in order to balance the country's budget deficit, also known as a fiscal deficit.
A budget deficit may result in more borrowing, greater interest costs, and insufficient investments, all of which reduce income for the next year.
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Computing Earnings per Share Lee Corp. had 200,000 weighted average common shares outstanding in 2020 and 5,000 weighted average preferred shares outstanding in 2020. Lee Corp. reported net income of $450,000 in 2020, and declared and paid $50,000 and $10,000 of common stock and preferred stock dividends, respectively. Compute earnings per share for Lee Corp. for 2020.
Answers
Answer:
$2.20 per stock
Explanation:
Earnings per share (EPS) = (net income - preferred dividends) / weighted average stocks outstanding
net income = $450,000 weighted average stocks outstanding = 200,000preferred stock dividends = $10,000earnings per share = ($450,000 - $10,000) / 200,000 = $440,000 / 200,000 = $2.20 per stock
Which type of interest can earn more money over the long term?
O savings interest
O compound interest
O simple interest
O complicated interest
Answers
given Qx=20-5p where price is 3 units find the price elasticity
Answers
Answer:
\(Q_x=5\)
Explanation:
Given that,
The formula is :
\(Q_x=20-5p\) ....(1)
Where p is price
We need to find the price elasticity
Put p = 3 units in equation (1)
\(Q_x=20-5(3)\\\\=20-15\\\\=5\)
Hence, the price elasticity is 5.
You are the director of creation department in your business, ANGA Ltd. The establishment makes pairs of Kitenge to be offered domestically and internationally The costs need to be incurred in making of a pair of Kitenge are listed below
Direct Materials TZS 1500
Direct labour TZS 1200
Overhead costs TZS 1300
In adding to the aforementioned items, the other expenses are also included as below:
Advertisement TZS 3 million
Salaries TZS 4 million
Rent TZS 5 million
Presently, the firm makes and offers 15,000 pairs of Kitenge at a charge of TZS 5000 each pair.
REQUIRED:
i. Calculate the breakeven in pairs of Kitenge sold and in currency value. [5 Marks]
ii. Determine pairs of Kitenge to be made and offered to bring an earning of TZS 1,000,000?
iii. Determine pairs of Kitenge to be made and offered to bring an after tax earnings of TZS 1,200,000 (Tax rate=30%).
iv. In an effort to increase sales volume, Managing Director, Mr. Dan, proposed a price reduction of 7.4% and the increase of advertisement budget by 20%. Is it worthwhile to undertake the proposed decision, Justify?
Answers
1. Breakeven point (in pairs of Kitenge sold) = 3,000 pairs of Kitenge
Breakeven point (in currency value) = 3,000 x TZS 5000 = TZS 15,000,000
2. To bring an earning of TZS 1,000,000, ANGA Ltd needs to make and offer 1985 pairs of Kitenge.
3. Pairs of Kitenge = 2855 pairs of Kitenge
How to solve for the breakeven pointTotal cost = Direct materials + Direct labor + Overhead costs + Additional expenses
Total cost = TZS 1500 + TZS 1200 + TZS 1300 + TZS 12,000,000
Total cost = TZS 12,003,000
Breakeven point (in units) = Fixed costs / (Price per unit - Variable costs per unit)
Price per unit is TZS 5000, and the variable cost per unit is the total cost per unit calculated above. The fixed costs are the sum of salaries, rent, and advertisement, which is:
Fixed costs = TZS 4,000,000 + TZS 5,000,000 + TZS 3,000,000
Fixed costs = TZS 12,000,000
Breakeven point (in pairs of Kitenge sold) = TZS 12,000,000 / (TZS 5000 - TZS 12,003)
Breakeven point (in pairs of Kitenge sold) = 3,000 pairs of Kitenge
The breakeven point in currency value is:
Breakeven point (in currency value) = Breakeven point (in pairs of Kitenge sold) x Price per unit
Breakeven point (in currency value) = 3,000 x TZS 5000 = TZS 15,000,000
ii. To bring an earning of TZS 1,000,000, we need to calculate the contribution margin per unit, which is the difference between the price per unit and the variable cost per unit:
Contribution margin per unit = Price per unit - Variable cost per unit
Contribution margin per unit = TZS 5000 - TZS 12,003
Contribution margin per unit = TZS -7003
To earn TZS 1,000,000, we can use the following formula:
Pairs of Kitenge = (Fixed costs + Earnings) / Contribution margin per unit
Pairs of Kitenge = (TZS 12,000,000 + TZS 1,000,000) / (TZS -7003)
Pairs of Kitenge = 1985 pairs of Kitenge (rounded up to the nearest whole number)
Therefore, to bring an earning of TZS 1,000,000, ANGA Ltd needs to make and offer 1985 pairs of Kitenge.
iii. To determine the pairs of Kitenge needed to bring an after-tax earnings of TZS 1,200,000, we need to take into account the tax rate. Assuming a tax rate of 30%, the net earnings required would be:
Net earnings = After-tax earnings / (1 - Tax rate)
Net earnings = TZS 1,200,000 / (1 - 0.30)
Net earnings = TZS 1,714,286
Using the contribution margin per unit calculated in (ii) above, we can determine the number of pairs of Kitenge needed to generate this net earnings:
Pairs of Kitenge = (Fixed costs + Net earnings) / Contribution margin per unit
Pairs of Kitenge = (TZS 12,000,000 + TZS 1,714,286) / (TZS -7003)
Pairs of Kitenge = 2855 pairs of Kitenge (rounded up to the nearest whole
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Answer:
Explanation:
i. Calculate the breakeven in pairs of Kitenge sold and in currency value. [5 Marks]
what accounting assumption deals with adjusting amounts
Answers
Answer:
Economic entity assumption. ...
Monetary unit assumption. ...
Going concern assumption. ...
many others.
Explanation:
The amount of goods and services consumers want is called?
Answers
Answer:
C. Demand
Explanation:
Have a nice day
The amount of goods and services that consumers want is called demand.
What is demand?Demand is an economic concept that refers to a consumer's desire to buy goods and services as well as their willingness to pay a certain price for them. When the price of a good or service rises, the quantity demanded falls. Similarly, lowering the price of a good or service raises the quantity demanded.
Demand is a concept that both consumers and businesses are familiar with because it makes sense and occurs naturally throughout almost any day. For example, shoppers who have their eye on a product will buy more if the price is low. When prices rise, such as when the seasons change, shoppers buy fewer items, or none at all.
Therefore, demand is the amount of goods and services consumers want.
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Refer to table 7-5. If the market price of an orange is $0.70, then the market quantity of oranges demanded per day is
Answers
On average, 7 oranges are required each day if an orange costs $0.70 on the open market.
Assume there are only three orange consumers—Alex, Barb, and Carlos—and that there are only three oranges that can be produced each day.
If an orange costs $0.70 on the open market, then 7 oranges are needed on average per day. The table shows how much each of the three possible orange buyers is willing to spend on the first 3 oranges of the day
If the price of one orange, P, satisfies the $0.75 < P < $0.80 market demand for exactly five oranges each day.
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The complete question is.
If the market price of an orange is $0.70, the market quantity of oranges demanded per day is
a. 5.
b. 6.
c. 7.
d. 9.
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Imagine you are in charge of an organisational risk management strategy across three distinct departments of the organisation. The organisation envisions risk as, ‘potential vulnerabilities present across our security landscape leads to exposure which enables a cyber incident against the infrastructure, capability, services and applications, which leads to an impact upon Confidentiality, Integrity and/or Availability resulting in reduced resilience, reduced safety, ineffective capabilities, loss of business services, financial impact and reputational damage to UK Government’.
The risk applies to three main business domains:
1. IT & Infrastructure
2. Equipment
3. Logistics & Support services
Each business domain is managed by a separate Director, but collectively they (all three) own the risk. There is a separate Director who is accountable for the risk, and they report the status to the Executive Board throughout the year.
Given the complexity of the risk and its significant breadth and depth it’s difficult to establish a baseline level of risk exposure – a pre-mitigation level, which represents the whole business (all three domains). Defining the Risk Appetite (RA) is also challenging given the differences across the domains, the views from each Director, the level of resources available etc.
Considering all of the above, answer the following questions,
1. How would a baseline risk level be established? How ISMS and FAIR can be applicable to organisation.
2. What approach could be taken to define a risk assessment and can a single approach work or it will be more appropriate to individually assess for each domain? Along with risk analysis and treatment strategies.
3. How would the effectiveness of controls (risk response) be measured? What can be risk quantification measures and metrics? How to monitor ongoing (residual) risk?
You are expected to use risk assessment methodologies as covered in this module with critical reflection on your choice of risk methodology, and its strengths and limitations.
You have the freedom to select the risk assessment approach.
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Answer:
1. Establishing a baseline risk level involves conducting a risk assessment to identify the potential vulnerabilities, exposures, and impacts within the organisation. This can be done using a risk assessment methodology such as the ISO 27001 Information Security Management System (ISMS) or the Factor Analysis of Information Risk (FAIR). The ISMS provides a framework for managing and protecting sensitive information, while FAIR is a quantitative approach for analyzing and comparing risks. Both of these methods can be applied to the organisation to identify the baseline level of risk exposure.
2. To define a risk assessment and determine the appropriate approach, it is important to consider the specific characteristics of each business domain. A single approach may not be suitable for all three domains, as they may have different levels of risk and require different risk assessment methods. It may be necessary to individually assess each domain and develop a tailored risk assessment and treatment strategy for each. This can be done using a combination of qualitative and quantitative risk assessment methods, such as scenario analysis and Monte Carlo simulations.
3. The effectiveness of controls (risk response) can be measured by comparing the actual results of the risk treatment measures to the expected outcomes. This can be done using metrics such as the cost-benefit ratio, the likelihood of occurrence, and the impact on the organisation's objectives. Risk quantification measures and metrics can also be used to assess the ongoing (residual) risk and monitor it over time. These may include measures such as the annual loss expectancy and the expected loss value.
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