What did cyanobacteria produce that made life possible?
Answers
Answer:
oxygen
Explanation:
The answer is tiny organisms known as cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae. These microbes conduct photosynthesis: using sunshine, water and carbon dioxide to produce carbohydrates and, yes, oxygen
Related Questions
professor wang is studying an on-center ganglion cell in the brain of a monkey. the activity of the cell has just increased a slight amount. this suggests that light has hit:
Answers
The activity of the cell has just increased a slight amount. This suggests that light has hit the center and receptive field of the cell.
The activity of the cell has just increased a slight amount. This suggests that light has hit the center of the cell.
Ganglion cells are specialized neurons found in the retina's innermost layer, the ganglion cell layer. They receive signals from bipolar cells and amacrine cells, which are located in the retinal inner nuclear layer.
They then relay these signals via their axons to the brain's lateral geniculate nucleus. Ganglion cells have a receptive field, which is the portion of the retina that stimulates them.
A ganglion cell's receptive field may be on-center or off-center, indicating whether light or darkness is most effective at stimulating the cell. A ganglion cell's receptive field determines how it will react to light or dark stimuli.
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genome-wide expression profiling identifies a novel mirna-based panel for the detection of local recurrence in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Answers
The statement you provided highlights the use of genome-wide expression profiling to identify a novel microRNA (miRNA)-based panel for detecting local recurrence in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here's some expanded information on this topic:
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive and deadly form of cancer that arises from the cells lining the pancreatic ducts. Local recurrence refers to the reappearance or regrowth of cancer cells in the same location or near the site of the initial tumor after treatment.
Genome-wide expression profiling is a technique used to analyze and measure the activity of thousands of genes simultaneously in a particular biological sample. It allows researchers to identify patterns of gene expression that are associated with specific conditions, including diseases like PDAC.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in regulating gene expression. They can modulate the activity of multiple target genes and are involved in various biological processes, including cancer development and progression.
The statement suggests that through genome-wide expression profiling, researchers have identified a panel of miRNAs that show distinct expression patterns in patients with local recurrence of PDAC. This miRNA-based panel could potentially serve as a diagnostic or prognostic tool to detect the presence of recurrent disease in these patients.
The identification of such a miRNA panel could have clinical significance by providing a non-invasive or minimally invasive approach for monitoring PDAC patients for local recurrence. It may also help in tailoring personalized treatment strategies for individuals at high risk of recurrence or facilitating early intervention in case of disease relapse.
It's important to note that the specific details and findings of the study or research article you mentioned would require accessing the content directly to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the methodology, results, and implications of the study.
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will say thanks: Suppose a shopping mall is built near a rabbit warren, leaving less land available for rabbits. How will this affect the environment’s carrying capacity?
Answers
Electrons were discovered because of the their
a. charge
b. movement
c. mass
d. shapre
Answers
Question 3 of 5
A scientist observes a honeybee as it gathers nectar from a flower and
returns it to the hive. What is the best way for the scientist to record her
observations and share them with other scientists?
A. By measuring the amount of time the process took to complete
B. By taking a snapshot of one part of the process
OC. By recording an audiodescription of the whole process
D. By writing down the time of day that the process occurred
Answers
Explain how the population of rock pocket mice changed fur color over time.
Answers
Answer:
Most genes are identical, but dark and light rock pocket mice differ in one gene (Mc1r; 4:55). Data from Data Set 2 show that a mouse's genotype for the MC1R gene affects their fur color. Mice with two copies of allele 2 have the darkest fur.
Explanation:
thank me later
Osmosis Assignment
For questions 1-3 a cell which is 96% water is placed into the following environments. Answer each question and indicate whether each solution is hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic.
A solution of 100% water.
What is the direction of water movement?
Is in the direction of increased solute concentrations.
Does the cell shrink, swell, or have no change in size?
When water diffuses out of the cell, the cell shrinks.
Which type of solution is this?
Hypertonic
A solution of 4% sucrose.
What is the direction of water movement?
Does the cell shrink, swell, or have no change in size?
Which type of solution is this?
A solution of 12% sucrose.
What is the direction of water movement?
Does the cell shrink, swell, or have no change in size?
Which type of solution is this?
Place an “x” in the correct box in the chart below:
Statement
Hypotonic Solution
Hypertonic Solution
Isotonic Solution
The concentration of the solute in the solution is lower than the concentration inside the cell.
x
When a cell is placed in this solution, water will enter the cell causing it to swell.
x
The concentration of the solute in the solution is the same as the concentration inside the cell.
x
The concentration of the solute in the solution is higher than the concentration inside the cell.
x
Putting a plant in this solution will result in water loss and cause the plant to wilt.
x
The cell will shrivel when placed in this type of solution.
x
When a cell is placed in this type of solution, there will be equal amounts of water moving in and out of the cell.
x
Use each of the terms below just once to complete the passage:
glucose
cell membrane
homeostasis
organism
balance
selective permeability
Living cells maintain a homeostasis by controlling what materials enter and leave. Without this ability, the cell cannot maintain balance and will die. The cell must regulate internal concentrations of water, Glucose , and other nutrients and must eliminate waste products. Homeostasis in a cell is maintained by the Cell membrane, which allows only certain particles to pass through and keeps other particles out. This property of a membrane is known as Selective permeability. It allows different cells to carry on different activities within the same Organism.
Egg Osmosis Lab
Students in Biology class conducted a lab experiment to demonstrate osmosis using chicken eggs. The raw eggs were first soaked in vinegar for 24-48 hours to dissolve the shell. What was left was a very simple cell with a cell membrane. The eggs were massed, observed. and the data was recorded in the table below. On the first day of the lab the students placed their eggs into sugar syrup and left them overnight. The next day in the lab the eggs were removed from the syrup, carefully dried, observed, and massed again. Next the eggs were placed in distilled water and left overnight. The following day the eggs were removed from the water, carefully dried, observed, and massed.
Mass of egg (grams)
Appearance of egg
Day 1 (initial)
80.8
Transparent, squishy, feels sort of like a water balloon.
Day 2 (after syrup)
63.2
Egg feels softer and empty or deflated. It has shrunk and appears much more yellow.
Day 3 (after distilled water)
105.3
Egg is very large and feels like it might burst.
Describe what happened to the egg when it was placed into the sugar syrup in terms of osmosis.
Was the sugar syrup a hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic solution?
Describe what happened to the egg when it was placed into the distilled water in terms of osmosis.
Was the distilled water a hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic solution?
Answers
Answer:
Woah, woah, woah. Dude you put way too much. Nobody's gonna do a whole packet/assignment for you even for 50 points lol. And that's against the rule of the website (you can be punished if you're caught). But here's some osmosis basics.
Explanation:
If the cell has more water than its environment, it is hypertonic (think hyper like when you have a lot of sugar) The cell will want to release water. This may cause the cell to shrivel or shrink.
If the cell has less water than its environment, it is hypotonic (think hippos. they like to eat. hippo=hypo) The cell will absorb water, which may cause the cell to expand, swell, or even pop.
If the cell has the same amount of water/ proportion of water to other materials then nothing will really happen, and it will be isotonic. (Think isolated, where it doesn't have any interactions with other things.)
Solute= Thing being dissolved. (salt, sugar, etc.)
Solvent= Thing that dissolves the solute. (water, etc.)
Solution= The mixture of solute and solvent. (water + salt, etc.)
For some of the hypotheticals on this just think of what would happen if you did some of these experiments. What do you think would happen? Do research, and next time, don't post your whole packet lol. It's a waste of your points. And when you ask questions, take your time to formulate and describe the question as clearly as you can, so that we can help. Don't just copy and paste your lab assignment.
Thanks for asking your question,
Bob
Please help!!!!!! Time sensitive
Answers
Answer:
hope this helps
Explanation:
1. cnidaria
2. mollusca
3. mammals
4. rotifera
Answer:
1. cnidaria
2. mollusca
3. mammals
4. rotifera
Explanation:
What does it mean to care for the earth?
Answers
Answer:
See below:
Explanation:
The Earth is in terrible condition. Because of the pollution that humans have created, Earth is very damaged and unhealthy. To care for Earth is a blanket term referring to being cautious and aware of your impact to Earth and it's condition. Caring for Earth could be making sure never to litter, recycling as often as possible, or even doing things like signing up to online newspapers or letters to avoid paper consumption.
What is the importance of the small intestine having villi?
Answers
Answer
The structure of the small intestine is designed for absorption of nutrients. The inside of the small intestine is lined with villi that absorb nutrients from the liquid mixture called chyme produced in the stomach from the food we eat.
dentify true statements about the interaction of biology and culture. multiple select question. genes are set in stone; they seldom respond to our cultural experiences. environmental factors can trigger gene expression. nature and nurture work together, not independently. cultural environments cannot exert long-term influence on genes. environmental factors can shape lifelong biological changes.
Answers
Environmental factors can trigger gene expression, nature and nurture work together, and environmental factors can shape lifelong biological changes.
What is genetic-environment interaction?
The expression genetic-environment interaction makes reference to the interplay between these two types of factors that may shape the development of an individual.
In conclusion, environmental factors can trigger gene expression, nature and nurture work together, and environmental factors can shape lifelong biological changes.
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another possibility for low endurance is that there could be some sort of metabolic disorder that impairs atp production. for example, the patient may have a genetic mutation for one of the enzymes in the electron transport chain limiting atp production during oxidative phosphorylation. if the problem causing poor endurance and energy is related to poorly functioning mitochondria, what should blood parameters related to oxygen (arterial po2, arterial hemoglobin % saturation) be?
Answers
If the problem causing poor endurance and energy is related to poorly functioning mitochondria, blood parameters related to oxygen such as arterial pO2 and arterial hemoglobin % saturation would remain normal, but oxygen extraction might be affected in such a scenario.
Oxidative phosphorylation is the process by which cells generate ATP, the primary energy source for metabolic activities, in mitochondria. The electron transport chain (ETC) or respiratory chain, as well as chemiosmosis, are both involved in the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation, which is linked to aerobic respiration. When oxygen is available, oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria's inner mitochondrial membrane, where the ETC is located.
If there is a problem with oxidative phosphorylation, it can be caused by mitochondrial diseases or disorders of the electron transport chain (ETC). It may be due to reduced oxygen or substrate delivery, decreased mitochondrial number or function, or the development of metabolic changes that impair oxidative phosphorylation. If the issue causing poor endurance and energy is linked to poorly functioning mitochondria, blood parameters related to oxygen such as arterial pO2 and arterial hemoglobin % saturation would remain normal, but oxygen extraction might be affected in such a scenario.
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Explain why the allantois and yolk sac are non-functional in a human foetus.
Answers
Answer: it is not functional in human
Explanation: The yolk sac is not functional in humans, but remains as a vestige reflecting our evolution from ancestral reptiles that relied on stored yolk for embryonic nutrition. Most mammalian eggs have little or no yolk, and nutrients are instead transferred from maternal to embryonic circulation via the placenta.
Which of the following is an example of an anabolic reaction?
A
citric acid cycle
B
fatty acid decarboxylation
C
glycolysis
D
photosynthesis
Answers
When you crack the back of a minion and then shake, they will glow like a glow stick. Kevin was wondering if temperature has any effect on how brightly they can glow. To test this, he will place one glowing minion in a walk-in refrigerator, one in the living room, and one in a sauna. He will then observe the brightness of each glowing minion. What is the independent or manipulated variable?
A. temp
B. brightness
C. shaking time
D. cracking the back of the minion
Answers
Match the letter to each term
1 Enzyme
2. Product(s)
3. Substrate
4 Active site
Answers
Answer:
C enzyme A Substrate B Active site D Products
Explanation:
The enzyme breaks down the substrate but keeps its same shape
The substrate is broken down into something else
The active site is where the enzyme and substrate touch and interact with each other
The products are the broken down substrate
an ion must cross the cell meme range through active transport instead of passive transport when the ion is
a. negatively charged
b. carried across by a protein
c. going against the concentration gradient
d. too small to move independently
Answers
you measure changes in membrane potential in an on-center bipolar cell that is exposed to light in the center of its receptive field. what response would you expect to see?
Answers
The response would be Depolarization due to decreased release of glutamate by the photoreceptor cell. (Option 5)
Bipolar cells can be on or off-center. Bipolar cells get inputs from a bunch of photoreceptor cells that characterize the bipolar cell's responsive field. Glutamate is the neurotransmitter released by all photoreceptor cells. A bipolar cell that responds to glutamate by excitation will be excited when the light is off because glutamate release decreases when exposed to light. Because they are active when light is off in the center of their receptive field, these cells are referred to as off-center bipolar cells.
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(complete question)
You measure changes in membrane potential in an ON-center bipolar cell that is exposed to light in the center of its receptive field. What response would you expect to see?
Select one:
1. An action potential
2. Depolarization due to increased release of glutamate by the photoreceptor cell
3. Hyperpolarization due to decreased release of glutamate by the photoreceptor cell
4. Hyperpolarization due to increased release of glutamate by the photoreceptor cell
5. Depolarization due to decreased release of glutamate by the photoreceptor cell
In a mouse, the axis that determines the body pattern from the nose to the tip of the tail is:.
Answers
Answer:
Antero posterior
how+long+does+it+take+for+approximately+75%+of+carbon-14+to+decay+into+carbon-12+(in+thousands+of+years)?
Answers
Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon. Its atomic nucleus contains 6 protons and 8 neutrons. The half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years. After 5730 years, half of the original amount of carbon-14 will have decayed into nitrogen-14.
Therefore, after another 5730 years, half of the remaining carbon-14 will have decayed, leaving only one-quarter of the original amount of carbon-14. In other words, it takes two half-lives for approximately 75% of carbon-14 to decay into carbon-12.
So, since each half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years, it will take approximately 2 × 5730 years = 11,460 years for approximately 75% of carbon-14 to decay into carbon-12. Therefore, the answer is that it takes approximately 11,460 years for approximately 75% of carbon-14 to decay into carbon-12.
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how have governments been involved in the protection of vulnerable species? Provide an example of a government policy.
Answers
Governments have been involved in the protection of vulnerable species through the Endangered Species Act or ESA which is managed through the program for endangered species.
The initiative aims to facilitate the recovery of species on the Endangered Species List and, via proactive conservation activities, to stop further species from being added to the list.
According to the provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, Protected Areas, including National Parks, Sanctuaries, Conservation Reserves, and Community Reserves, covering important habitats across the nation, were established to better protect wildlife, including threatened species and their habitat. These species and the ecosystems they depend on are protected by the ESA.
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which of these vesicular transport methods expels material from the cell?
Answers
The vesicular transport method that expels material from the cell is called exocytosis.
Exocytosis is a process by which cells transport materials such as proteins, lipids, and waste products out of the cell, this is achieved through the fusion of vesicles, which are membrane-bound compartments, with the plasma membrane. During exocytosis, vesicles containing the material to be expelled move towards the cell's outer membrane. Once they reach the plasma membrane, the vesicle and plasma membrane merge, forming an opening that allows the contents to be released into the extracellular environment. This process is essential for the secretion of hormones, neurotransmitters, and other cellular products, as well as for the removal of waste materials.
Exocytosis plays a critical role in various cellular functions, such as immune system responses, cell signaling, and tissue repair. Additionally, it aids in the maintenance of cell homeostasis by regulating the release of substances that are no longer needed within the cell. Overall, exocytosis is a vital vesicular transport method for expelling material from the cell, ensuring its proper functioning and communication with its surroundings.
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Can any of the other promoters be used to create a resistant corn plant?
Answers
It is possible to use other promoters to create a resistant corn plant, but it would depend on the specific characteristics of the promoter and the trait of interest.
The CaMV 35S promoter, which is commonly used to create transgenic crops, is just one of many promoters that can be used to express foreign genes in plants. Other promoters, such as the ubiquitin promoter or the maize alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh1) promoter, have also been used successfully to create transgenic plants with desirable traits. In order to create a resistant corn plant, scientists would need to identify a promoter that is specific to the gene or genes responsible for the desired resistance, and then use that promoter to express those genes in the corn plant. However, it is important to note that the creation of transgenic plants is a complex and highly regulated process, and the safety and environmental impact of such plants must be carefully evaluated before they are approved for commercial use.
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when is deceitful communication effective for the deceptive individual?
Answers
Deceitful communication can be effective for the deceptive individual in certain situations.
When a person has considerable authority or power: A person who is dishonest may be able to get away with dishonest communication more easily if they are in a position of power or influence because others may be less likely to call their actions or remarks into question.
When the person is an expert at deception: Certain people, such as manipulative or narcissistic people, may be particularly adept at dishonest communication and may be better able to persuade others of their fraudulent remarks or behaviors.
When there is a lack of knowledge or openness: The dishonest person may be able to take advantage of a situation's lack of openness or information whether it pertains to business or politics.
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Rhizobium are helpful to a plant because.
A.) They provide glucose for the plant.
B.) They help the plant photosynthesize.
C.) They deliver usable nitrogen to the plant's roots.
D.) They can convert atmospheric carbon dioxide into a usable form for
photosynthesis.
Answers
Answer:
Option C
Explanation:
Rhizobium is a variety of microorganisms related with the development of root knobs on plants. These microscopic organisms live in beneficial interaction with vegetables. They take in nitrogen from the air and give it to the plant, permitting it to fill in soil low in nitrogen.
how many inches of rain is to be expected in the Temperate forest biome per year?
A:10-23
B:11-27
C:12-35
D:17-40
Answers
bt corn contains a protein produced by a bacterial gene. this protein . group of answer choices is a pesticide that kills caterpillars, a major threat to corn allows the corn to be tolerant to weed killers increases the vitamin a content of the corn increases the protein content of the corn
Answers
A good source of protein is corn. The protein content varies from 10-15% depending on the cultivar. Zeins, which make up 44–79% of a total protein composition of corn, are the most prevalent proteins.
Describe pesticide?With a few minor exceptions, the definition of a "pesticide" according to pesticide law is: Any compound or combination of substances designed for preventing, eliminating, repelling, and mitigating any pest. any compound or combination of substances designed to be used as a desiccant, defoliant, or plant regulator.
What three types of pesticides are there?Insecticides eradicate other arthropods and insects. Acaricides, commonly known as miticides, eliminate mites that prey on both plants and mammals. Microorganisms that kill, prevent, or outcompete pests, such as insects or even other microorganism pests, are known as microbial pesticides.
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In Bt corn, a bacterial gene produces a protein which functions as a pesticide to eradicate caterpillars, a significant danger to corn.
What kind of protein is made by Bt corn?The gene of interest in Bt corn produces a protein that kills Lepidoptera larvae, particularly the European corn borer, and the donor organism is a naturally occurring soil bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis. The Bt delta endotoxin is the name of this protein.
What are the benefits and drawbacks of Bt corn?• Bt microbial pesticides have been employed to control insect pests on organically grown vegetables as well as mosquito larvae in drinking water stored outside.
• Bt crops also have a few drawbacks: Costs for Bt crops are higher than for crops grown normally. It may impede the free flow of genes in nature. The output of these crops may decrease when the pests develop resistance to the toxins they emit.
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What would a biologist see if she examined a small piece of a leaf from a plant and a small piece of a root from the same plant through a microscope?
Answers
Answer:
The answer is A
Explanation:
what is a string of 6 codons
Answers
Answer:
by a unique sequence, or codon, of three of the four possible base pairs in the DNA (A–T, T–A, G–C, and C–G, the individual letters referring to the four nitrogenous bases adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine)
What assumptions do you think are made in predicting population growth into the future?
Answers
Population growth, requires two core assumptions: birth and death rate, which will acount for population growth and decrease, respectively. As medicine develops, it is expected that there will be more succesful births, and that death rate will decrease. Regarding death rate, lifespan predictions are important factors that are required for population growth. Lifespan predictions might vary between countries, since income and country development are important issues influencing population lifespan.