Somatic cells make up the connective tissue, skin, blood, bones and internal organs. Examples are muscle cells, blood cells, skin cells and nerve cells.
The parent cell is now split in two, creating 2 daughter cells, and nuclear division starts. Half of the original 46 chromosomes, or 23 chromosomes, will be present in each daughter cell. Each cell with 46 chromatids divides into two cells during meiosis II, each of which has 23 chromosomes. Since there were initially two cells that completed meiosis II, the process produces four cells, each of which has 23 chromosomes. Understanding the distinction between chromosomes and sister chromatids is essential to answering this question. The cell has previously experienced DNA replication during the G2 phase (in the S phase). So, the sister chromatids on each chromosome will be the same. There will only be 46 chromosomes, but 92 sister chromatids.
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HELP PLS!! (I NEED ANSWERS BY TOMORROW PLEASEEEE) Kerry was investigating how the angle of incidence of radiant energy on a surface affects the rate of temperature rise of the surface. A paper pocket holding a thermometer was placed near a lamp. The paper pocket was then placed at various angles so that the angle of incidence of the radiant energy varied. Kerry made sure the distance to the lamp was the same for each of his trials. The following table shows the data recorded by Kerry. Using the data, describe the relation between the angle of incidence and the rate of temperature change.
Answer:
Hey there!
Explanation:
This is ur answer....
Refer to the attached pics...Hope it helps!
Brainliest pls!
Have a good day!^^
What is spatial and temporal resolution of QuickBird satellites?
A satellite or a man-made object placed in the earth's outer orbit. A satellite is an instrument that has many uses such as communication and used for space study programs. They play an important role in weather forecasting as well.
Quick Bird is an imaging system used in satellites to take high-resolution images for study. The difference between the spatial and temporal Quick bird in the satellite is based on the resolution. Temporal has more high resolution than spatial. The spatial resolution is 5 x 5 m whereas the temporal has 2.4 x 2.8 m.
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is jealousy a provoking motive or an illness ?
50_100 words.
How can people have a positive effect on biodiversity ?
Answer:
Maintaining biodiversity - positive human impacts on biodiversity. ... replanting hedgerows because there is higher biodiversity in them than the fields they surround. reducing deforestation and the release of greenhouse gases. recycling rather than dumping waste in landfill sites.
Explanation:
separation of the sister chromatids is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis? group of answer choices prometaphase metaphase anaphase telophase
The separation of sister chromatids is a characteristic of the anaphase stage of mitosis.
Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells. Mitosis is essential for growth, repair of damaged tissues, and asexual reproduction. It is divided into four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Chromosomes become visible in prophase.
Prophase: The chromosomes condense, the nuclear envelope disintegrates, and spindle fibers start to form. Metaphase: The chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell, called the metaphase plate.Anaphase: The sister chromatids separate at the centromere and are pulled to opposite poles by the spindle fibers.Telophase: The chromosomes reach the poles, the nuclear envelope reforms, and the spindle fibers disintegrate. The cell then undergoes cytokinesis, dividing the cytoplasm and creating two daughter cells.Learn more about mitosis-
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Thylakoids membranes have special proteins in bedded into the membrane which catalyze the production of ATP from what type of ions
Answer:
From Hydrogen ion.
H+
Explanation:
It's is from hydrogen ion because majoroty of the electrons transport processes take place in the thylakoids membranes in a bid to produced ATP, Hydrogen ion is allow to move through thylakoid space and then backflow through the proteins embedded in the thylakoids membrane called ATP synthase, which produce ATP from ADP in the mitochondrial matrix and chloroplast stroma.
Which of these choices do both sustainable and organic agriculture avoid?
A. Artificial hormones
B. USDA certification
C. Pesticides
D. Antibiotics
Answer:
A.Artifical hormones
Explanation:
Just did it
Artificial hormone are avoided both in sustainable and organic agriculture.
In organic and sustainable farming plants and crops are grown by maintaining natural ecosystem by avoiding use of any synthetic substance.What is organic farming?It is also called biological or natural farming.It use fertilizers of nature origin such as compost manure, green manure.People emphasis in the crop rotation and companion planting.To know more about organic farming here
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The Truth About Milk Essay! Please read! Rate this from a scale of 1 - 10 and please share! Link leads to petition
Did you know that cows can recognize more than 100 other cows and that, just like humans, they become good friends with members of their herd? That’s right—even cows have besties!
But these smart, social animals really suffer in the dairy industry. Here are five reasons why drinking milk and eating dairy foods (like cheese, ice cream, and butter) hurts cows:
1. Cow’s milk is supposed to be for baby cows
Cows produce milk for the same reason humans do—to feed their babies! When a cow’s milk is taken from her to be sold to humans or made into cheese, it means that her baby can’t drink it. Instead, calves are fed milk replacers that are completely unnatural.
2. Baby cows are torn away from their mothers.
Mother cows love their babies very much. In nature, calves stay with their moms for nearly a year, but in the dairy industry, they’re stolen from their moms right after they’re born. The mother cows get so sad and upset that they call out for their babies for days. ?
3. Male calves are killed for veal.
After the calves are torn away from their mothers, the females are either killed or forced to become part of the dairy herd and start giving milk, too, but the males are sent off to be raised for veal, a kind of meat made from young cows. Calves raised for veal spend their short lives inside a tiny crate all alone. They’re not allowed to move around and develop their muscles because that keeps their flesh soft. Because of these horrible living conditions, they often get sick. Then they’re killed before they’re even 6 months old.
4. Cows on dairy farms don’t live long.
Cows naturally live to be about 20 years old, but the ones used for milk are usually killed when they’re only 5. This is because they’re forced to have babies over and over again (that makes them keep giving milk), and their bodies just wear out.
5. Most cows used for milk are dehorned.
“Dehorning” is a painful way of getting rid of a cow’s horns. Farmers burn or cut out the sensitive horn tissue before it grows into horns on a cow’s head or else they cut the actual horns right off the cow’s head. They often do this to calves who are only a few weeks old, and the wounds that it causes can take a long time to heal. And the worst part is that it’s usually done without any painkillers.
***
And besides how horribly cows are treated, cow’s milk isn’t even healthy for humans to drink! It’s supposed to help calves gain hundreds of pounds in just a few months. Humans don’t need to gain that much weight, and we’re the only species of animal that drinks milk from another species. It’s not natural or healthy!
There are tons of humane, healthy alternatives to cow’s milk and other dairy foods, like almond milk, coconut milk ice cream, soy cheese, and lots more!
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Answer:
10-10 :D
Explanation:
:D
Answer:
Very good 10-10
Explanation:
Also, I did not know most of this you are very good at writing.
Bird guides once listed the myrtle warbler and Audubon's warbler as distinct species because of differences in color patterns of the feathers and size of the beak. Recently these birds have been reclassified as eastern and western forms of a single species, the yellow-rumped warbler, based on the observation that the two forms interbreed often in nature and the offspring have good survival and reproduction. The earlier classification into two species was using a species concept; the reclassification is using the species concept. _________
Answer:
morphological; biological
Explanation:
The morphological species concept highlights the importance of physical traits to delimit species. This concept is useful for classifying asexually-reproducing organisms and where lack information on interbreeding (for example, to classify fossils). On the other hand, the biological species concept states that one species represent a group of organisms that can interbreed (or potentially can interbreed) in order to produce fertile offspring. The biological species concept is nowadays the most widely accepted concept to define species.
Diagnosing an endocrine-based metabolic disorder Patient Y is having trouble waking up in the morning. You are an endocrinologist, and you first determine that Y has low cortisol hormone levels in the blood. Your next step is to determine whether the problem lies at the level of the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary or the adrenal cortex. What is the predicted level (high, normal, low) for CRH, ACTH and cortisol hormone if the problem is: 1. a) due to a problem with secretion of CRH by the hypothalamus? 2. b) due to a problem with secretion of ACTH by the anterior pituitary gland? 3. c) due to a problem with secretion of cortisol hormone by the adrenal cortex? Use this framework for your answer:
If the problem lies with the secretion of CRH by the hypothalamus, the predicted levels would be: a) CRH: low, b) ACTH: low, and c) Cortisol: low.
If the problem lies with the secretion of ACTH by the anterior pituitary gland, the predicted levels would be: a) CRH: high, b) ACTH: low, c) Cortisol: low.
If the problem lies with the secretion of cortisol hormone by the adrenal cortex, the predicted levels would be: a) CRH: high, b) ACTH: high, c) Cortisol: low.
If the problem is due to a problem with the secretion of CRH by the hypothalamus, it means that the hypothalamus is not producing enough CRH. CRH is responsible for stimulating the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary, which in turn stimulates the production and release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex. In this case:
a) CRH levels would be low because the hypothalamus is not secreting enough of it.
b) ACTH levels would be low because the lack of CRH leads to decreased stimulation of ACTH production.
c) Cortisol levels would be low because the reduced levels of ACTH result in decreased stimulation of cortisol production.
If the problem is due to a problem with the secretion of ACTH by the anterior pituitary gland, it means that the anterior pituitary is not producing enough ACTH. ACTH is responsible for stimulating the production and release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex. In this case:
a) CRH levels would be high because the hypothalamus would be secreting more CRH in an attempt to stimulate ACTH release.
b) ACTH levels would be low because the anterior pituitary is not producing enough of it.
c) Cortisol levels would be low because the reduced levels of ACTH lead to decreased stimulation of cortisol production.
If the problem is due to a problem with the secretion of cortisol hormone by the adrenal cortex, it means that the adrenal cortex is not producing enough cortisol. In this case:
a) CRH levels would be high because the hypothalamus would be secreting more CRH to stimulate cortisol production.
b) ACTH levels would be high because the anterior pituitary would be secreting more ACTH to compensate for the low cortisol levels.
c) Cortisol levels would be low because the adrenal cortex is not producing enough of it.
By analyzing the levels of CRH, ACTH, and cortisol, an endocrinologist can determine whether the problem lies with the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland, or the adrenal cortex, which helps in diagnosing the specific endocrine-based metabolic disorder.
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You have succeeded in breeding two varieties A and B of cattle that each have some desirable traits. You produce hybrids of these
two varieties in the hope to obtain cattle that combine these desirable traits. All hybrid individuals grow normally but to your great
surprise, you also discover that some of the hybrid bulls originating from A(2) x B(S) crosses produce only daughters.
A, What kind of genetic element could be responsible for this finding, and why?
B, In which variety (A, B, or both) do you expect this element to be found, and why?
C. Why is this phenotype not observed in either the A or the B parental variety?
A. The genetic element that could be responsible for the finding is known as the sex-determining region (SDR) or sex-linked gene. This is because of the observation that some hybrid bulls that originate from A (2) × B (S) crosses produce only daughters. B.
This genetic element is expected to be present in variety A because it is related to the sex chromosomes (XY) and A has the SRY gene which is responsible for male determination. It is important to note that while this element is present in both varieties A and B, it is inactive in B. Therefore, it is active only in the A variety. C. This phenotype is not observed in either the A or the B parental variety because they produce only female and male offspring, respectively. The phenomenon is observed only in the F1 hybrid as a result of a combination of genetic factors from the two parental varieties. The genetic factor from variety A which influences the production of females only exists in an inactive form in variety B.
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Summarize how the nervous system interacts with at least 3 other systems in the body.
The nervous system interacts with other systems of the body as follows:
digestive system - the nervous system initiates the sensation of hunger in the body by coordinating the contraction of the smooth musclesmusculoskeletal system - the nervous system controls the contraction and relaxation of the smooth musclesrespiratory system - the nervous system controls the respiratory system by increasing or decreasing the respiratory depending on the concentration of oxygen or carbon dioxide in the body.What is the nervous system?The nervous system is the system that controls the activities of all other systems of the body.
The nervous system consists of two parts;
the central nervous system - made up of the brain and the spinal cordthe peripheral nervous system - consists of the sensory neuron and motor neurons as well the smooth muscles and the skeletal muscles.Impulse from outside or within the body is first sent to the central nervous system which interprets and sends out messages to the other body system to respond.
The central nervous system integrates ad coordinates the activities of the other body systems such as the respiratory system, the digestive system, the musculoskeletal system, the excretory system, etc.
Signals are sent to these systems from the central nervous system resulting in the action of these systems, for example, rapid breathing, bowel movement, etc.
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Which planets are most different from earth ?
Answer: an gas planet is extremely different
Explanation:
how does expression of the cyclin d gene help the cell continue through the cell cycle?
The expression of the cyclin D gene helps the cell continue through the cell cycle by producing a protein called Cyclin D.
This protein combines with another protein called Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), which forms a complex that drives the cell cycle forward. Specifically, Cyclin D-CDK complex promotes the progression of the cell cycle from G1 phase to S phase by phosphorylating a protein called Retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, which releases transcription factor E2F from Rb protein, thus activating the expression of genes necessary for DNA replication. This, in turn, leads to the formation of new cells with identical genetic material. Therefore, the expression of Cyclin D gene is essential for the normal cell cycle progression and the maintenance of cell homeostasis.
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I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST IF CORRECT!!! PLS HELPPP!!!! 20 POINTS
11. A species of rodent can either have brown fur or white fur. Brown fur is recessive and white fur is dominant. Which of the following would cause the rodent population to not be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium? (2 points)
What is the contrast cytokinesis in a plant and animal cell?
The contrast cytokinesis in a plant and animal cell are the mechanisms of cell plate formation, contractile ring formation, and their respective outcomes.
Cytokinesis is the final step in cell division, which occurs after mitosis or meiosis, and it results in the separation of the two daughter cells. Cytokinesis in animal cells is achieved via the formation of a contractile ring, while cytokinesis in plant cells is achieved through the formation of a cell plate. Animal cells cytokinesis, during telophase, the spindle fibers begin to degrade, and the nuclear envelope begins to re-form around the two nuclei. The two nuclei are pushed away from each other by the assembly of the contractile ring in the region around the equator of the cell. The ring is formed by actin and myosin filaments, which shorten the distance between the cell's poles until they are separate, resulting in the formation of two separate cells.
Plant cells cytokinesis, during telophase, the spindle fibers begin to degrade, and the nuclear envelope begins to re-form around the two nuclei. Cytokinesis is achieved via the formation of a cell plate, which forms from vesicles produced by the Golgi apparatus in the region around the equator of the cell. These vesicles coalesce to form a new cell membrane, which grows inward until it meets in the center, dividing the cell into two separate cells. The remnants of the cell plate are included in the new cell walls that will form around each cell.
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21. Which 2 body systems work together to
produce and transport blood cells?
a. Circulatory and muscular
b. Digestive and Excretory
c. Skeletal and integumentary
d. Skeletal and circulatory
WILL MARK BRAINLIEST!!! AP BIOLOGY QUESTION
Elements bond together to make molecules essential for living things. Which of the following is used to build nucleic acids and some lipids?
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Potassium
Calcium
Answer:
Nitrogen and Phosphorus
Explanation:
Nucleic acids and lipids are the major organic molecules that are essential for the survival of the living. Nitrogen is the element that builds nucleic acids and lipids. Thus, option A is correct.
What are nucleic acids and lipids?Nucleic acids are defined as biopolymers made of various monomeric units of nucleotides joined together. The nucleotides are composed of phosphate, sugar, and a nitrogenous base. They include RNA and DNA which are important genetic materials of the living. The nucleic acid is made of C, H, O, N and P.
On the other hand, lipids are the macromolecules that are made of fatty acids and glycerol that make them insoluble in water and they include oils and waxes. They are composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
Therefore, option A. nitrogen makes the lipids and nucleic acid.
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if you're in a forensics class i will dead venmo u to do my hw rn lmk
it's on STR analysis
Forensics is a class that focuses on the science of gathering and analyzing evidence to help solve crimes.
What do you mean by Forensics?
Forensics is the application of science to investigate and establish facts related to criminal or civil law cases. It can involve the analysis of biological evidence such as DNA or fingerprints, computer or digital evidence, or physical evidence from the scene of a crime. Forensics is used to investigate crimes and to determine the cause of an accident or death.
STR analysis, or short tandem repeat analysis, is a type of DNA testing used to determine the identity of a person or sample. The technique works by looking at the repeat sequence of short nucleotide base pairs, known as STRs, that are found at specific locations on a person’s chromosomes. By looking at the number of repeats at each location, a profile can be created for a person or sample. This profile is then compared to another profile to determine if the two are a match. STR analysis is often used in forensic science to match a suspect with a sample from a crime scene, as well as in paternity testing to determine biological fatherhood.
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2. Even though it has a much lower temperature, why does a warm pool have more thermal energy (heat)
than a cup of boiling water?
At 0°C and 100°C, respectively, on the Celsius scale, water freezes. A lot more water is present in the swimming pool, though. In spite of the fact that the tea is hotter than the pool's water, the pool has more thermal energy than the tea does.
Thermal energy, expressed in joules or J, is the measure of how much heat a thing has.
Temperature: An object's temperature, expressed in Celsius degrees, refers to how hot or cold it is. However, the swimming pool has a greater thermal energy storage capacity than a cup of coffee since it has more water in it. When compared to an 80°C cup of tea, a huge swimming pool at 30°C is cooler. However, because a swimming pool has more water than a cup of tea does, it has the capacity to retain more thermal energy.
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a. How does the DIY DNA extraction compare to an extraction using a kit? Why?
b. How can you tell?
a. DIY DNA extraction methods typically use household ingredients and may lack specialized reagents for optimal yield, purity, and efficiency compared to extraction kits designed with standardized protocols.
b. Differences can be assessed through factors such as protocol complexity, DNA yield, purity assessment, and reproducibility of results between DIY and kit-based extractions.
a. The DIY DNA extraction and an extraction using a kit can differ in several aspects:
Ease of Use: DIY DNA extraction methods often utilize household ingredients and materials, making them simpler and more accessible for amateur scientists or educational purposes. Kits, on the other hand, are specifically designed with pre-measured reagents and detailed protocols, providing a standardized and user-friendly approach.
Efficiency and Yield: DNA extraction kits typically incorporate optimized protocols and specialized reagents that ensure higher efficiency and yield of extracted DNA. DIY methods may not always achieve the same level of efficiency, leading to lower DNA recovery or potential contamination.
Purity and Quality: DNA extraction kits generally include steps and reagents to remove contaminants (such as proteins and RNA) and ensure higher purity of the extracted DNA. DIY methods may lack these purification steps, resulting in impurities or degraded DNA.
b. A few indicators can help determine the differences between DIY DNA extraction and kit-based extractions:
Protocol Complexity: Comparing the step-by-step procedures of DIY methods and kit-based methods can reveal differences in complexity and the presence of additional purification or quality control steps in kits.
DNA Yield: Quantifying the yield of extracted DNA can provide insights into the efficiency of the extraction method. If the yield from a DIY extraction is consistently lower compared to a kit-based extraction, it suggests that the kit-based method may be more efficient.
Purity Assessment: Evaluating the purity of the extracted DNA can be done through techniques such as spectrophotometry or gel electrophoresis. If the DNA extracted using a kit shows less contamination or degradation than the DIY-extracted DNA, it indicates better quality control in the kit-based method.
Reproducibility and Consistency: Performing multiple extractions using both the DIY method and a kit and comparing the results for consistency and reproducibility can also indicate differences in performance and reliability.
It's important to note that DIY DNA extraction methods can be useful for educational purposes or preliminary experiments, but for more precise and standardized results, DNA extraction kits developed by reputable manufacturers are generally recommended.
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what effect did Darwin's travels to the Galapagos islands have on the development of his theory of natural selection?
Answer:
During his visit to the islands, Darwin noted that the unique creatures were similar from island to island, but perfectly adapted to their environments which led him to ponder the origin of the islands' inhabitants. Among those that struck Darwin so greatly were the finches that are now named in his honor.
Plants remove carbon from the atmosphere in the form of CO2 and store it in their structures. How can rapid deforestation affect the carbon cycle? What can be done to reduce the effects? Explain.
Answer:
Explanation:
Deforestation affects carbon cycle through the Greenhouse gas effect and global warming. Green plants, trees and forest helps to balance the amount of Carbon in the atmosphere, carbondioxide is used up by plant through the process of photosynthesis in which plants make their own food. When there is excess amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere as a result of deforestation ‘blanket’ of carbon dioxide is formed which traps heat and prevents it from leaving the earth surface in the atmosphere. This accumulated heat leads to global warming in the environment.
More trees should be planted to prevent rise in atmospheric a carbon and deforestation should be prevented.
Answer:
Deforestation has an effect on the Carbon Cycle also known as the Greenhouse gas effect and global warming. Trees and forest balance the amount of Carbon in the atmosphere through the process of photosynthesis in which plants make their own food with carbon dioxide. And when we remove the plants that turn CO2 into breathable air we have more CO2 over all.
which of the following is not an abnormal component of urine? A. white blood cells C. albumin D. glucose E. urea
Why is fluorine more chemically reactive than nitrogen?
O A. Fluorine needs to lose only 1 electron to have a full octet, while
nitrogen needs to lose 3.
B. Fluorine needs to lose 1 electron to have a full octet, while
nitrogen needs to gain 3.
C. Fluorine needs to gain 1 electron to have a full octet, while
nitrogen needs to lose 3.
D. Fluorine needs to gain only 1 electron to have a full octet, while
nitrogen needs to gain 3.
Kk
Nitrogen retains a half-loaded p subshell that forms it better stable than fluorine.
Fluorine needs only 1 electron to perform its octet to obtain stability.
Therefore, Fluorine exists more reactive and less stable than Nitrogen.
Why is fluorine exists more chemically reactive than nitrogen?
Fluorine exists most reactive element. This exists so because N, O, and F contain 5, 6, and 7 electrons respectively in their valence shell. Therefore, fluorine needs only one electron to achieve its octet in comparison to nitrogen and oxygen, which need 2 and 3 electrons respectively.
Nitrogen has an Electronic configuration \(1s^{2} 2s^{2} 2p^{3}\)
Fluorine has an Electronic configuration \(1s^{2} 2s^{2} 2p^{5}\)
i.e. nitrogen contains a half-loaded p subshell that creates it better stable than fluorine.
Fluorine needs only 1 electron to achieve its octet to obtain stability.
Therefore Fluorine exists more reactive and less stable than Nitrogen.
Therefore, the correct answer is option D. Fluorine needs to gain only 1 electron to have a full octet, while nitrogen needs to gain 3.
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Chromosomes
line up in the
middle with the
help of centrioles
and their spindle
fibers
Why is it said that there are many species that have yet to be discovered?
Answer:
We have not explored everything
Explanation:
We haven't explored about 95% of the ocean, and haven't been able to explore more land due to different tribes that may alert danger or we've never seen before
How is your body temperature held constant despite different weather temperatures
outside?
Answer:
Core body temperature The body can only stay at a constant temperature if the heat generated is balanced and equal to the heat lost. Although the core temperature must be close to 37°C, fingers and toes can be colder. This is because energy is transferred from the blood as it travels to the fingers and toes.
Answer: When heat activates sweat glands, these glands bring that water, along with the body's salt, to the surface of the skin as sweat. Water evaporating from the skin cools the body, keeping its temperature in a healthy range.
Explanation:
Define fertilization below and how plants fertilize
Fertilization is the process by which the male and female gametes (reproductive cells) combine to form a zygote, which develops into an embryo. In plants, fertilization refers specifically to the fusion of the male and female gametes of the flower, resulting in the formation of a seed.
How do plants fertilize?In plants, the male gamete is produced by the pollen grain, which contains two sperm cells, while the female gamete is produced by the ovule, which is located in the ovary of the flower.
When a pollen grain lands on the stigma (the receptive surface of the female reproductive organ), it germinates and sends out a pollen tube that grows down the style and reaches the ovary. One of the sperm cells is then released and fuses with the egg cell inside the ovule, forming a zygote.
The other sperm cell fuses with two polar nuclei to form a triploid cell, which develops into the endosperm, a nutrient-rich tissue that provides nourishment to the developing embryo.
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Name fourth major macronutrient
Answer:
Water, Protein, Carbohydrates and fats
Explanation:
Hope this helps