The longest wavelength of light that can cause photoelectric emission from a photoemitting electrode having a work function of 3.35 eV is 390 nm.
The photoemission is a phenomenon where electrons are emitted from a solid's surface when exposed to electromagnetic radiation with sufficient energy. In a photo effect experiment, the longest wavelength of light that can cause photoelectric emission from a photo-emitting electrode having a work function of 3.35 eV can be determined as follows; Planck's equation for energy is given by:
E=hf
Where,E is the energy of the photon.
h is Planck's constant = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ Js.
f is the frequency of light = c/λ, where c is the speed of light in vacuum,
λ is the wavelength of light.
The minimum amount of energy needed to liberate an electron from a metal surface is called the work function, φ. For metals, the energy required for the emission of an electron is between 2 and 7 eV. The energy required for a photoelectron to be emitted is calculated by subtracting the work function (Φ) from the photon energy. If this energy is less than zero, the photoelectron will not be emitted.
Photoelectric effect equation is given by:
Kinetic energy of emitted electron = Energy of incident photon – Work function of metal
If the kinetic energy of the emitted electron (K) is zero, then the Energy of the incident photon (E) is equal to the work function of metal (φ). The longest wavelength of light that can cause photoelectric emission can be calculated using the photoelectric effect equation as follows;
hc/λ = Φhc/λ = 3.35 eV x 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹ J/eV
hc/λ = 5.36 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
λ = hc/Φλ = (6.626 x 10⁻³⁴ Js x 3 x 10⁸ m/s)/ 5.36 x 10⁻¹⁹ Jλ
= 3.90 x 10⁻⁷ mλ = 390 nm
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When light of a particular wavelength falls on a metal surface, it emits electrons that are called photoelectrons. When photons of sufficient energy strike the surface of a metal, this phenomenon occurs.
The photoelectrons have energies that range from zero to the maximum possible kinetic energy, which is determined by the frequency of the incident radiation and the work function of the metal. The work function is the minimum amount of energy required to extract an electron from a metal's surface.In a photoelectric effect experiment, if the energy of the incident light is less than the work function of the metal, no photoelectrons will be emitted. As a result, the longest wavelength of light that can result in a photoelectric current is the one with energy equal to the metal's work function.The work function of the photo-emitting electrode in this photoelectric effect experiment is 3.35 eV. We can use the following equation to find the minimum energy of the photon required to cause the photoelectric effect:E = hfwhere E is the energy of the photon, h is Planck's constant (6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J s), and f is the frequency of the light.To find the frequency of the light, we can use the following formula:c = λfwhere c is the speed of light (3 × 10⁸ m/s), λ is the wavelength of the light, and f is the frequency of the light.Substituting the second equation into the first and solving for λ, we have:E = hf = hc/λλ = hc/EWhere h = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ Js, c = 3 × 10⁸ m/s, and E = 3.35 eV (since the work function is given in electron volts rather than joules).λ = hc/E = (6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J s × 3 × 10⁸ m/s) / (3.35 eV × 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ J/eV)= 589 nmTherefore, the longest wavelength the light can have for a photo current to occur is 589 nm.
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Derive an expression for the force per unit-length acting on a pure screw dislocation when subjected to a pure shear stress using energy/work principles.
The expression for the force per unit length acting on a pure screw dislocation when subjected to pure shear stress using energy/work principles can be derived as F = Gbτ
The force per unit length acting on a pure screw dislocation when subjected to pure shear stress can be derived using energy/work principles. The process involves applying shear stress to the top surface of the crystal and simultaneously applying equal and opposite stress to the bottom surface. This creates a stress field that surrounds the dislocation line.
We begin with the energy of the shear stress field around the dislocation line to get the formula for force per unit length. The work done by the applied shear stress gives the change in energy when the dislocation moves a distance b along the slip plane. This work is calculated by multiplying the force per unit length by the distance b.
Using this concept, we can derive an expression for the force per unit-length acting on the screw dislocation as follows:
F = Gbτ
Where F is the force per unit length acting on the dislocation, G is the crystal's shear modulus, b is the dislocation's Burgers vector and is the applied shear stress.
As a result, when subjected to pure shear stress, the force per unit length acting on a pure screw dislocation is directly proportional to the shear stress and the Burgers vector of the dislocation and is also dependent on the crystal's shear modulus.
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Does anyone know this
Hey guys can anyone list chemical engineering advancement that has been discovered within the past 20 years
A 5-m-long, 4-m-high tank contains 2.5-m-deep water when not in motion and is open to the atmosphere through a vent in the middle. The tank is now accelerated to the right on a level surface at 2 m/s2. Determine the maximum gage pressure in the tank. Mark that point at the interior bottom of the tank. Draw the free surface at this acceleration.
Answer: hello your question lacks the required diagram attached below is the diagram
answer : 29528.1 N/m^2
Explanation:
Given data :
dimensions of tank :
Length = 5-m
Width = 4-m
Depth = 2.5-m
acceleration of tank = 2m/s^2
Determine the maximum gage pressure in the tank
Pa ( pressure at point A ) = s*g*h1
= 10^3 * 9.81 * 3.01
= 29528.1 N/m^2
attached below is the remaining part of the solution
Advatnage and disadvantages of gas turbine engine ?
Explanation:
Advantages of Gas Turbine engine
1. They are small in size, weigh less and have low initial cost per unit output.
2. They are easy to install within short periods.
3. They are quick-starting and smooth running.
4. They offer flexibility by supplying electricity for power generation as well as by supplying compressed air for process needs.
5. They are capable of using a range of liquid and gaseous fuels including synthetic fuels.
6. They are subjected (put) to fewer environmental restrictions than other prime movers.
7. Water consumption is less compared to steam power plant.
Disadvantages
1. An electric motor or an I.C. engine is necessary for starting the plant. The starting motor must bring the compressor well towards the operating speed. So, starting is not simple as in the case of other power plants.
2. Gas turbine plants have less vibrations when compared with reciprocating engines of the same speed. However the high frequency noise from the compressor is objectionable.
3. High temperatures impose severe restriction on the servicing conditions of the plant.
4. Overall efficiency is low since two-thirds of the total power output is used for driving the compressor.
5. The blades of the turbine require special cooling methods due to the severity of operating temperatures and pressures. In practice, the temperatures at the entry of the turbine are as high as 1100°C - 1260°C. Hence they should be made of special metals and alloys.
6. They are incompatible with solid fuels.
in an aligned and continuous carbon fiber-reinforced nylon 6,6 composite, the fibers are to carry 97% of a load applied in the longitudinal direction. using the data provided, determine the volume fraction of the fibers that will be required. what will be the tensile strength of this composite? assume that the matrix stress at which fiber failure is 50 mpa
tensile strength of this composite will be 9.6 MPa.
To determine the volume fraction of the fibers, we need to use the rule of mixtures which states that the overall properties of a composite material are a weighted average of the properties of the individual components.
In this case, we can use the equation:
Vf = (Fload / Ffiber) / (Fload / Ffiber + Fload / Fmatrix)
where Vf is the volume fraction of the fibers, Fload is the load applied in the longitudinal direction, Ffiber is the strength of the fibers in the longitudinal direction, and Fmatrix is the stress at which fiber failure occurs in the matrix.
Plugging in the values given:
Vf = (0.97 / 1) / (0.97 / 1 + 0.03 / 50)
Vf = 0.841
Therefore, the volume fraction of the fibers that will be required is 84.1%.
To find the tensile strength of the composite, we need to use the equation:
Fcomposite = Vf * Ffiber + (1 - Vf) * Fmatrix
where Fcomposite is the strength of the composite, Vf is the volume fraction of the fibers, Ffiber is the strength of the fibers in the longitudinal direction, and Fmatrix is the stress at which fiber failure occurs in the matrix.
Plugging in the values given:
Fcomposite = 0.841 * 1 + (1 - 0.841) * 50
Fcomposite = 9.6 MPa
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what does a convective outlook (ac) describe for a following 24 hour period?
A convective outlook (AC) is a forecast issued by the National Weather Service that describes the potential for thunderstorm development and severe weather in a specific region over a 24-hour period.
The outlook takes into account various atmospheric factors such as instability, moisture, and wind shear to assess the likelihood of thunderstorms and severe weather. The outlook is designed to help the public and emergency management personnel prepare for potential severe weather events.
The outlook considers various meteorological factors, including atmospheric instability, moisture availability, wind shear, and lift mechanisms, to assess the potential for convective storms. These factors are analyzed to determine the overall risk of severe weather within a defined geographical area.
The AC also includes a graphic representation of the outlook, often displayed as a color-coded map, with delineated areas of interest and associated risk levels. This map helps users, including emergency managers, meteorologists, and the general public, to easily identify the areas most likely to experience severe weather.
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ule
5. Safety and environmental training is important in keeping employees safe and free from injuries and illness.
A True
B) False
Answer:
true
Explanation:
The statement "Safety and environmental training are important in keeping employees safe and free from injuries and illness" is definitely true.
What is Injury?Injury may be characterized as a circumstance of being damaged or injured due to any physical means. This activity impacts the overall health and fitness of an individual.
Employees are working in their respective fields on the basis of their educational background, skills, and interests. But the fact that is common to all forms of employees is safety and security.
This safety prevents the employees from being injured and ill with the help of some crucial safety and environmental training in their respective trades. This approach by their company is beneficial for maintaining the health of their employees as well as the growth of the company.
Therefore, the statement "Safety and environmental training are important in keeping employees safe and free from injuries and illness" is definitely true.
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Taking the convection heat transfer coefficient on both sides of the plate to be 860 W/m2 ·K, deter- mine the temperature of the sheet metal when it leaves the oil bath. Also, determine the required rate of heat removal from the oil to keep its temperature constant at 45°C.
Answer:
Hello your question is incomplete attached below is the complete question
answer :
a) 95.80°C
b) 8.23 MW
Explanation:
Convection heat transfer coefficient = 860 W/m^2 . k
a) Calculate for the temp of sheet metal when it leaves the oil bath
first step : find the Biot number
Bi = hLc / K ------- ( 1 )
where : h = 860 W/m^2 , Lc = 0.0025 m , K = 60.5 W/m°C
Input values into equation 1 above
Bi = 0.036 which is < 1 ( hence lumped parameter analysis can be applied )
next : find the time constant
t ( time constant ) = h / P*Cp *Lc --------- ( 2 )
where : p = 7854 kg/m^3 , Lc = 0.0025 m , h = 860 W/m^2, Cp = 434 J/kg°C
Input values into equation 2 above
t ( time constant ) = 0.10092 s^-1
Determine the elapsed time
T = L / V = 9/20 = 0.45 min
∴ temp of sheet metal when it leaves the oil bath
= (T(t) - 45 ) / (820 - 45) = e^-(0.10092 * 27 )
T∞ = 45°C
Ti = 820°C
hence : T(t) = 95.80°C
b) Calculate the required rate of heat removal form the oil
Q = mCp ( Ti - T(t) ) ------------ ( 3 )
m = ( 7854 *2 * 0.005 * 20 ) = 26.173 kg/s
Cp = 434 J/kg°C
Ti = 820°C
T(t) = 95.80°C
Input values into equation 3 above
Q = 8.23 MW
The gage pressure measured as 2.2 atm, the absolute pressure of gas is 3.2 bar. Please determine the local atmospheric pressure in kPa.
Answer:
\(97.085\ \text{kPa}\)
Explanation:
\(P_{g}\) = Gauge pressure = 2.2 atm = \(2.2\times 101325=222915\ \text{Pa}\)
\(P_{abs}\) = Absolute pressure = \(3.2\ \text{bar}=3.2\times 10^5\ \text{Pa}\)
\(P_{atm}\) = Local atmospheric pressure
Absolute pressure is given by
\(P_{abs}=P_{atm}+P_g\\\Rightarrow P_{atm}=P_{abs}-P_g\\\Rightarrow P_{atm}=3.2\times 10^5-222915\\\Rightarrow P_{atm}=97085\ \text{Pa}=97.085\ \text{kPa}\)
The local atmospheric pressure is \(97.085\ \text{kPa}\).
Please help!!!! WHICH 2 SKILLS N ABILITIES R ESSENTIAL FOR A SHIP CAPTAIN?? A. Good vision B. Public speaking skills C. Leadership skills
In a modern industrial plant the most likely polyphase power system in use is a/an blank system
Answer:
three-phase
Explanation:
2-phase, 3-phase, and 6-phase systems are in use. The most common of these is 3-phase.
A modern industrial plant most likely uses a 3-phase system.
__
Additional comment
Serious research began on 6-phase power transmission systems in 1973. They have been shown to increase power transfer, and to reduce corona, magnetic fields, and audio noise compared to 3-phase systems. However, they are not in widespread industrial use.
mechanical properties of organic materials
The mechanical properties of organic solids most relevant to deformable devices include the elastic modulus (usually obtained as the tensile or Young's modulus),(109) elastic range and yield point,(110) toughness,(111) and strain to fracture(31
Objective A: Right turn True or Flase
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Because a object is a smart thing to use doing them problem
under-inflated tires have the best traction true or false
False. Under-inflated tires do not have the best traction. In fact, properly inflated tires provide optimal traction and handling for a vehicle. When tires are under-inflated, several negative effects can occur.
Firstly, the larger contact patch created by under-inflated tires can lead to increased rolling resistance and friction, resulting in reduced fuel efficiency. Secondly, under-inflated tires can cause uneven wear and tear, leading to reduced tire lifespan. Additionally, under-inflated tires can compromise vehicle stability, handling, and braking performance, especially during emergency maneuvers or adverse road conditions.
Over time, under-inflation can also cause excessive heat buildup in the tires, which can result in tire failure. It is essential to maintain proper tire inflation according to the manufacturer's recommended specifications for optimal traction, safety, and overall performance.
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If your accelerator is stuck while driving what do you do first
If your accelerator gets stuck down, do the following:
Shift to neutral.
Apply the brakes.
Keep your eyes on the road and look for a way out.
Warn other drivers by blinking and flashing your hazard lights.
Try to drive the car safely off the road.
Turn off the ignition when you no longer need to change direction.
Answer:Kick the accelerator to dislodge it
Explanation:
Never reach down with your hand while driving, it's not safe.
In a construction project, the field moist unit weight was 18.08 kN/m3 at a moisture content of 8%. If maximum and minimum dry unit weight determined in the laboratory were 16.93 kN/m3 and 14.46 kN/m3, respectively, what was the field relative density
Field relative density (Dr) can be calculated using the relationship between field moist unit weight (γfm) and maximum and minimum dry unit weight (γdmax and γdmin) as follows:$$Dr = \frac{\gamma_{fm} - \gamma_{dmin}}{\gamma_{dmax} - \gamma_{dmin}}$$Given: Field moist unit weight (γfm) = 18.08 kN/m³,
Maximum dry unit weight (γdmax) = 16.93 kN/m³, Minimum dry unit weight (γdmin) = 14.46 kN/m³The field relative density (Dr) can be calculated as follows:$$Dr = \frac{\gamma_{fm} - \gamma_{dmin}}{\gamma_{dmax} - \gamma_{dmin}}=\frac{18.08 - 14.46}{16.93 - 14.46}=0.3939$$Therefore, the field relative density of the construction project is 0.3939 or approximately 39.39% which is less than 50%.Hence, the construction project is in a loose state or in the compaction stage.
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Technician A says white smoke in the exhaust of a diesel engine can be the result of a cylinder misfire in a warm engine. Technician B says blue smoke in the exhaust of a diesel engine can be caused by scored cylinder walls. Who is correct?
Answer:
Both
Explanation:
Because of water, fuel does not burn completely. This brings about water fumes that are white in color and looks like white smoke. If engine is cold and water is heating, it leads to steam formation like water vapor. The white times are because of not firing properly in the heated engine. Technician A is right.
Blue fine is caused by this scoring. It is also caused by dirty oil. Technician b is right too
Technician A says lever action pushes a rod into the brake booster and master cylinder
when the driver pushes on the brake pedal. Technician B says the produces hydraulic
pressure in the master cylinder. Who is correct?
What type of caliper is shown here?
Answer:
its a floating caliper definetly
PPE is the first level of protecting an employee from hazards on the job site.
A) True
B) False
Answer:
The answer is B) False
i-71 nb near mm 62 impassible, do not use, significant backup, use alternate route.
When approaching Exit 71 on I-71, the best detour is to take Exit 65 and go on local roads to get to your destination. Be prepared for delayed travel as there will be a large backup on this route as well.
Significant backupIt is best to choose detours that meet the drivers' destinations.
There may be several different alternatives to take into account, depending on the final destination.
While on their alternate route, drivers should always be aware of road signs and closures.
Drivers should choose a different route if they discover that their alternate route is similarly blocked or backed up.
If you come upon an impassable road, it is advised that you take an alternative route.
Taking a substantial detour to get to your destination can be essential, depending on how bad the road conditions are.
The ideal alternative while reaching Exit 71 on I-71 is to take Exit 65 and go on local roads to your destination.
There will be a significant backup on this route as well, so plan on having your travel time pushed back.
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Q. An emergency alert went out Friday night noting I-71 NB near mile marker 63 in Gallatin County was "impassible." Gov. Andy Beshear tweeted that teams were working to find a route to divert traffic for cars stuck on the interstate.
A nutrunner on the engine assembly line has been faululing for low torque. (A nutrunner is an automated machine that automatically torques bolts to a specified condition.) When the fault odcurs, the line stops until someone can investigate or correct the issue. This has been a problem for the past two weeks, and all employees on the assembly line are having to work overtime each day to make up for the lost time from the nutrunner issues. Please explain and visualize the process you would take to solve or improve this problem.
A nutrunner on the engine assembly line has been failing for low torque. process includes identifying the root cause of the fault, and optimizing the nut runner's performance.
The first step would be to investigate the cause of the low torque issue in the nut runner. This may involve examining the machine, reviewing maintenance records, and gathering data on when and how the fault occurs. Once the root cause is identified, corrective actions can be taken. This may include repairing or replacing faulty components, recalibrating the nut runner, or updating software/firmware.
To prevent future occurrences, implementing a preventive maintenance program is crucial. Regular inspections, scheduled maintenance tasks, and performance testing can help identify and address potential issues before they lead to line stoppages. Additionally, providing thorough training to operators and maintenance staff on nutrunner operation, maintenance procedures, and troubleshooting techniques can contribute to quicker resolution of faults and reduce downtime.
Continuous monitoring of the nutrunner's performance is essential to ensure it operates within specified tolerances. This can be done through real-time data collection and analysis, including torque measurement and trend analysis. By closely monitoring the nutrunner's performance, any deviations or anomalies can be detected early, allowing for proactive interventions.
Overall, a systematic approach that combines investigation, preventive maintenance, employee training, and continuous monitoring can help solve the problem of the faulty nutrunner and improve the efficiency and productivity of the assembly line.
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(6) effects of urbanization on the urban hydrology
Answer:
123456
Explanation:
technician a says that loose ball joints can cause the vehicle to wander. technician b says that loose control arm bushings can affect alignment angles. who is correct?
Technician a is correct. The car may veer off course due to loose ball joints. The propensity of a vehicle to veer from one side of the road to the other is known as wander.
The propensity of a vehicle to veer from one side of the road to the other is known as wander. Uneven tire pressure or mismatched tires are potential causes number one. Linkage binding or inadequate lubrication is a potential cause number two. The third potential factor is binding or inadequate lubrication of the steering gear.
The bottom line is that before you start to address poor steering performance, you must identify the underlying source of the issue. Oversteer and understeer have been discussed separately, but we've also included 10 other common steering issues with their likely causes below. You can stop cursing and start fixing your steering problems by locating potential problem areas.
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What must be the input voltage of a DC motor to have a steady state speed of 150 rad/sec with no load? If Fm=2 in-lb s/rad and Km=15 in-lb/v. (T₁=KmVm-Fmw)
To determine the input voltage of a DC motor to achieve a steady-state speed of 150 rad/sec with no load, we can use the torque-speed relationship of the motor.
The torque-speed relationship for a DC motor can be expressed as:
T = Km * Vm - Fm * w
Where T is the torque, Km is the motor constant (torque constant), Vm is the input voltage, Fm is the frictional torque coefficient, and w is the angular velocity.
Since the motor is operating with no load, the torque T is zero. We can rearrange the equation to solve for the input voltage Vm:
Vm = (Fm * w) / Km
Given that the angular velocity w is 150 rad/sec, the frictional torque coefficient Fm is 2 in-lb s/rad, and the torque constant Km is 15 in-lb/v, we can substitute these values into the equation:
Vm = (2 in-lb s/rad * 150 rad/sec) / 15 in-lb/v
Simplifying the expression:
Vm = (300 in-lb s) / 15 in-lb/v
Vm = 20 v
Therefore, the input voltage required for the DC motor to achieve a steady-state speed of 150 rad/sec with no load is 20 volts.
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concrete mix is required for a plain concrete pavement. nmas is 25.0 mm. fineness modulus of sand is 2.8. what is the missing information required to find the ca mass required in this mix?
To find the missing information required to determine the ca mass required in this mix, we need to use the formula for the proportion of concrete mix.
The proportion of concrete mix is the ratio of the sum of the masses of cement, water, and aggregates to the mass of cement. The formula is:
Proportion of concrete mix = (mass of cement + mass of water + mass of aggregates) / mass of cement
We are given that the nmas is 25.0 mm and the fineness modulus of sand is 2.8. These values can be used to determine the mass of aggregates required in the mix. However, we are not given the required strength of the concrete pavement or the desired slump of the concrete mix, which are crucial pieces of information required to determine the amount of cement and water required in the mix. Therefore, the missing information required to find the ca mass required in this mix is the required strength of the concrete pavement and the desired slump of the concrete mix. These pieces of information are necessary to determine the amount of cement and water required in the mix, which can then be used with the information provided to determine the mass of aggregates required in the mix.
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A 6-hp pump is used to raise water to an elevation of 12 meters. If the mechanical efficiency of the pump is 85 percent, determine the maximum volume flow rate of water in gallons per hour.
Answer:
29481.60 gallons/hour
Explanation:
Pump ( in ) = 6 - hp
Elevation ( h ) = 12 meters
mechanical efficiency of pump ( η pump ) = 85% = 0.85
Calculate for the maximum volume flow rate of water
1 - hp = 745.7 w
η pump = mgh / W * in
mgh = η pump * W * in
i.e. pVgh = η pump * W * in
∴ V = η pump * W * in / pgh
= 0.82 * ( 745.7 * 6 ) / 1000 * 9.81 * 12
= 3668.844 / 117720
= 0.031 m^3 /s = 29481.601 gallons/hour
______ are an idication that your vehicle may be developing a cooling system problem.
Answer:
The temperature gauge showing that the vehicle has been running warmer or has recently began to have issues from overheating is an idication that your vehicle may be developing a cooling system problem.
Explanation:
If a metal has a specific heat, then the metal could make an excellent material for cookware because.
Considering that the metal has a low specific heat, it could be a great material for cookware.
What are metals ?
Metals are substances that develop naturally beneath the Earth's surface. Most metals are shiny or lustrous. Because they are inorganic, metals are composed of materials that have never been alive.
In order to raise a body's temperature per unit mass, a certain amount of energy is needed, which is known as specific heat. It takes less energy to heat the cookware up when the specific heat is low. Cookware is made with the handles having a higher specific heat than the actual cooking portion, which is designed to have a low specific heat. Since the handles would take longer to get hot, the high specific heat at the handles ensures safety.
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