Matter includes all of the following EXCEPT-
Osmoke
о
water vapor
light
air

Answer:

To design a robot that propels itself across an ice rink using the same principles as rockets, I would start by considering the materials that would be suitable for use on ice. Some materials that might work well for this purpose include plastic, rubber, and certain types of metal, such as aluminum or stainless steel.

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

Students learn about humankind’s search for life in outer space and how it connects to robotics and engineering. NASA is interested in sending exploratory missions to one of Jupiter’s moons, Europa, which requires a lot of preparatory research and development on Earth before it can happen. One robot currently being engineered as a proof of concept for a possible trip to explore Europa is the Icefin, which is an innovative robot that can explore under ice and in water, which are the believed conditions on Europa. This lesson provides students with intriguing information about far off (distance and time!) space missions and field robotics, and also sets up two associated robotics and arts integration activities to follow. The lesson can be used individually to provide new information to students, or as a precursor to the associated activities. A PowerPoint® presentation and worksheet are provided

Answer:

B. Be, Mg, Ca, Sr

Explanation:

Be, Mg, Ca, Sr are parts of the alkaline Earth metal family/group. So they are the second most reactive elements following behind alkali metals. Furthermore, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr all have 2 valence electrons that lose them to form cations. They have low melting points, low boiling points, can conduct electricity, have high malleability and ductility.

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Explanation:

The theoretical volume of ammonia that should be produced in the Haber process if we start with 5.0 L of nitrogen (N2) at standard temperature and pressure (STP) can be calculated as follows:

1 mole of N2 reacts with 3 moles of H2 to form 2 moles of NH3

Thus, the number of moles of N2 present can be calculated using the Ideal Gas Law:

PV = nRT

Where n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, P is the pressure in atmospheres, and V is the volume in liters.

At STP (0°C and 1 atm), the volume of one mole of gas is 24.45 L.

Given 5.0 L of N2 at STP, the number of moles of N2 can be calculated as:

n = (PV)/RT = (1 atm)(5.0 L)/(0.0821 atmL/molK)(273 K) = 1.96 moles

The number of moles of NH3 produced can then be calculated as:

n = (2 moles of NH3)/(1 mole of N2) = 2 moles/1 mole = 2 moles

The volume of NH3 can be calculated as:

V = nRT/P = (2 moles)(0.0821 atmL/molK)(273 K)/(1 atm) = 44.8 L

So, the theoretical volume of ammonia (NH3) that should be produced if we start with 5.0 L of N2 at STP is 44.8 L.

Explanation:

In endothermic reactions, which are those that absorb energy, the activation energy is higher than in exothermic reactions, which are those that release energy. Also, Endothermic reactions require more energy to break up the bonds of the reactants.

Answer: 4.Endothermic reactions have a higher activation energy. Endothermic reactions require more energy to break up the bonds of the reactants.

Answer:

Chemistry B Semester Exam 5/4/2023

1. Cs-Br

2. K-C is ionic, and C-O is polar covalent

3. All molecules are in constant motion, so they all have some kinetic energy.

4. The reaction between substances A and B has a lower activation energy than the reaction between substances B and C.

5. More bond energy is absorbed on the reactants side than is released on the products side.

6. an exothermic reaction

7. Endothermic reactions have a higher activation energy. Endothermic reactions require more energy to break up the bonds of the reactants.

8. Heat must be released by the products in order to convert from the reactants.

9. Cooling a purple solution will turn it pink.

10.  Both are flexible, but one conducts electricity while the other insulates.

11. high pressure, high-temperature water extraction

12. steel + vanadium for shock absorption

13. 15

14. the number of atoms, type of elements, and mass of reactants and products are equal.

15. 64 grams

16. 1.503x10^23

17. The relative numbers of protons and neutrons can differ before and after the change, but the total number of those particles remains the same.

18. The plastic balls are a good representation of neutrons, but there is no splitting of nuclei as happens in fission.

19. beta minus decay

20. alpha decay

21. Greenhouse gases have more than two atoms, allowing them to vibrate and release radiation, warming the atmosphere.

22. cause: acid rain, consequence: destruction of crops

23. toxic bacteria in the water supply

24. it reaches hard to get to oil and gas deposits.

As the wind slows, silt is deposited because the wind has less energy.

Deposition in rivers and streams. A stream or river begins to deposit silt when it begins to slow down. In steep terrain, larger sediments fall, but smaller sediments can still be carried. As the slope gets less steep, smaller sediments are dropped.

Sediment that has been eroded is deposited in a new location when the speed of the wind or water slows. Fertile land is produced as a result of the sedimentation process.

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Answer:

probably b

Explanation:

Answer:

positive ΔS

Explanation:

The reaction is given as;

C12H22O11 (s) -->  C12H22O11 (aq)

The fundamental change in this reaction is the transition from the solid sate to the aqueous state.

Before proceeding, we have to understand what entropy (S) is;

Entropy is basically the degree of disorderliness of a system. A postive entropy (ΔS) means increase in disordeliness and negative entropy  (ΔS) ssignifies decrease in disordeliness.

An aqueuos solution is more disordered than a solid state hence the entropy change is a positive one.

Answer:

+ΔS

Explanation:

Answer:

methane

Explanation: methane is obtained from the decaying of flora and fauna mostlyunder damp

Answer:

the powerhouse of the cell

In order to find the missing pressure of this gas, we need to use the Ideal Gas Law formula, which is a gas law that perfectly correlates each provided information, the formula is:

PV = nRT

Where:

P = pressure

V = volume, 2.0 Liter

n = number of moles, we will find it as well

R = gas constant value, 0.082

T = temperature in kelvin, 30°C = 303 K

To find the number of moles, we need to use the given mass, 10 grams, and the molar mass of CH2O, 30g/mol

30g = 1 mol

10g = x moles

x = 0.33 moles of CH2O in 10 grams

Now we can use the Ideal gas law formula:

P * 2 = 0.33 * 0.082 * 303

2P = 8.19918

P = 4.1 atm is the pressure

The amount of heat energy produced when 1 g of hydrogen and 2 g of nitrogen are reacted, is -6.61 KJ

First, we shall obtain the limiting reactant. Details below:

3H₂ + N₂ -> 2NH₃

From the balanced equation above,

28 g of N₂ reacted with 6 g of H₂

Therefore,

2 g of N₂ will react with = (2 × 6) / 28 = 0.43 g of H₂

We can see that only 0.43 g of H₂ is needed in the reaction.

Thus, the limiting reactant is N₂

Finally, we the amount of heat energy produced. Details below:

3H₂ + N₂ -> 2NH₃ ΔH = -92.6 KJ

From the balanced equation above,

When 28 grams of N₂ reacted, -92.6 KJ of heat energy were produced.

Therefore,

When 2 grams of N₂ will react to produce = (2 × -92.6) / 28 = -6.61 KJ

Thus the heat energy produced from the reaction is -6.61 KJ

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Molar concentration of Zn2+ions in a solution is 3.481 mol/lit

The electrode potential value is 59mV

Temperature=298k

What is electrode potential?

equation formed- Zn → Zn2+ + 2e

              from Nernst equation-

E=E cell - 0.059 log [Zn2+]

[zn2+]=3.481 mol/lit

hence, Molar concentration of Zn2+ions in a solution is 3.481 mol/lit

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Answer:

8

Explanation:

because 14 - 6 is 8

Explanation:

To calculate the heat gained by nickel, we can use the formula:

q = m * c * ΔT

where q is the heat gained, m is the mass of the nickel, c is the specific heat of nickel, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

Given:

- Mass of nickel, m = 31.4 g

- Specific heat of nickel, c = 0.443 J/g · °C

- Change in temperature, ΔT = 64.2 °C - 27.2 °C = 37.0 °C

Substituting the values into the formula, we get:

q = (31.4 g) * (0.443 J/g · °C) * (37.0 °C)

Simplifying the calculation, we get:

q = 584 J

Therefore, the heat gained by nickel when 31.4 g of nickel is warmed from 27.2 °C to 64.2 °C is 584 J.

Answer:

Explanation

I am sorry but please give detailed question

Precision relates to the consistency and reproducibility of measurements, while accuracy reflects how close measurements are to the true value.

Precision and accuracy are two important concepts in the context of errors in measurements. While they both pertain to the quality of data, they refer to different aspects.

Precision refers to the degree of consistency or reproducibility in a series of measurements. It reflects the scatter or spread of data points around the average value. If the measurements have low scatter and are tightly clustered, they are considered precise. On the other hand, if the measurements have a high scatter and are widely dispersed, they are considered imprecise.

Accuracy, on the other hand, refers to the closeness of measurements to the true or target value. It represents how well the measured values align with the actual value. Accuracy is achieved when measurements have a small systematic or constant error, which is the difference between the average measured value and the true value.

Errors in measurements can be classified into two types: random errors and systematic errors.

Random errors are associated with the inherent limitations of measurement instruments or fluctuations in the measurement process. They lead to imprecise data and affect the precision of measurements. Random errors can be reduced by repeating measurements and calculating the average to minimize the effect of individual errors.

Systematic errors, on the other hand, are caused by consistent biases or inaccuracies in the measurement process. They affect the accuracy of measurements and lead to a deviation from the true value. Systematic errors can arise from factors such as instrumental calibration issues, environmental conditions, or experimental techniques. These errors need to be identified and minimized to improve the accuracy of measurements.

In summary, precision refers to the degree of consistency or reproducibility of measurements, while accuracy refers to the closeness of measurements to the true value. Random errors affect precision, while systematic errors affect accuracy. To ensure high-quality measurements, both precision and accuracy need to be considered and appropriate techniques should be employed to minimize errors.

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Answer:

N₂   +   3H₂O   →   2NH₃   +  3NO

Explanation:

The reaction expression is given as:

        N₂   +   H₂O   →   NH₃   +  NO

We are to balance this reaction expression.

To do this, assign a,b,c and d as the coefficients that will balance the expression:

              aN₂   +   bH₂O   →   cNH₃   +  dNO

Conserving N: 2a  = c

                    H: 2b  = 3c

                    O: b  = d

let a  = 1, c  = 2, b  = 3 and d = 3

So;

            N₂   +   3H₂O   →   2NH₃   +  3NO

\(\\ \tt\bull\rightarrowtail2 N_2+O_2\longrightarrow 2N_2O\)

Moles of N_2

\(\\ \tt\bull\rightarrowtail \dfrac{48.7}{14}=3.4mol\)

Molar mass of N_2O=44g/mol

Mass of N_2O formed

The mass of nitrous oxide that can be formed from 48.7 g of nitrogen is approximately 76.525 grams. To calculate the mass of nitrous oxide (N₂O) formed from a given mass of nitrogen (N₂), one needs to consider the balanced chemical equation.

N₂+ O₂ -> N₂O

The balanced equation tells us that 1 mole of nitrogen (N₂) reacts with 1 mole of oxygen (O₂) to produce 1 mole of nitrous oxide (N₂O).

Given mass of nitrogen (N₂) = 48.7 g

To find the number of moles of nitrogen (N₂), one divide the given mass by the molar mass of nitrogen, which is approximately 28.02 g/mol.

Number of moles of N₂= 48.7 g / 28.02 g/mol ≈ 1.738 mol

The balanced equation shows that 1 mole of nitrogen (N₂) reacts to form 1 mole of nitrous oxide (N₂O).

So, the number of moles of nitrous oxide (N₂O) formed is also approximately 1.738 mol.

To find the mass of nitrous oxide (N₂O), one multiply the number of moles by its molar mass, which is approximately 44.01 g/mol.

Mass of N₂O = 1.738 mol × 44.01 g/mol ≈ 76.525 g

Therefore, the mass of nitrous oxide formed from 48.7 g of nitrogen is approximately 76.525 grams.

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The specific heat is 0.134 J/gC

This is example in which energy (in the form of heat) is conserved.  Your metal is at a higher temperature than the water so it will lose heat, which we can calculate using q=mass x specific heat capacity x ΔT.  The heat is then transferred to the water.  One way to set up your calculation is: q metal + qH2O = 0

mass metal =  125 g

specific heat =  x

ΔT = 24 C - 288 C

mass water = 88 g

specific heat = 4.184 J/gC

ΔT = 24C-12C

125 g(x)(-264 C) + 88g(4.184J/gC)(12C)=0

-3300x + 4418.304 = 0

 x = 0.134 J/gC

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Explanation:

3+3+6=12 is the three numbers adding up to 12

Answer:1

Explanation:i know cuz I got it right

NaBr is classified as a compound because sodium and bromine are chemically combined in a fixed proportion.

Explanation:

So, from this, we can conclude that NaBr is classified as a compound because sodium and bromine are chemically combined in a fixed proportion.

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The first ionization energy corresponds to the energy required to ionize an atom, that is, to separate an electron from its ground state.

This energy depends on three factors:

1) Of the energy levels that the atom has. Since the fewer energy levels, the more electrons will be attracted to the nucleus of the atom. In this case, chlorine and argon have the same number of energy levels, that is, they both have three energy levels.

2) It also depends on the number of electrons in the last energy level. Chlorine is in period 7 of the periodic table and argon in period 8. That is, chlorine has 7 valence electrons and argon 8 valence electrons. Electrons repel each other, so more electrons means less ionization energy.

3) The nuclear charge (given by the atomic number, Z), since the higher Z is, the greater the force of attraction exerted by the nucleus on the electrons and therefore the more difficult it is to extract them. The atomic number of chlorine is 17 and the atomic number of argon is 18.

Now, the ionization energy of argon is higher than that of chlorine. But having more electrons is not the reason why it has a higher ionization energy as explained above. On the contrary, since argon has a higher atomic number, it implies that the effective charge of the nucleus is greater and the attraction of electrons to the nucleus increases. increasing the ionization energy.

Asnwer: D Ar, because of its higher effective nuclear charge

Answer: A = 1560

               B = 1.6

Explanation: brainlest please

Answer: Two substances have different properties because they are made of different types and numbers of atoms that repeat.

Explanation: According to the article “Atomic Zoom-In”, all matter is made of tiny pieces called atoms, and there are 118 different types of atoms in the universe. Every substance is made of a unique combination of atoms, which can be represented by a chemical formula. The chemical formula shows the types and numbers of atoms that repeat to make up a substance.

For example, water has a chemical formula of H2O, which means it is made of groups of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. Substances have different properties because they are made of different types and numbers of atoms that repeat.

For example, water and ethanol are both clear liquids, but they have different properties such as boiling point, density, and flammability. This is because water is made of H2O groups, while ethanol is made of C2H6O groups.

The different types and numbers of atoms affect how the molecules interact with each other and with other substances, resulting in different properties. Therefore, to explain why two substances have different properties, we need to look at their chemical formulas and see how their atoms differ.

Hope this helps, and have a great day! =)

An atomic mass is the mass of a chemical element's single atom. It involves the masses of the three atomic subatomic particles: protons, neutrons and electrons.

Volume of Naoh(V1)= 30cc

Normality of Naoh(N1)= 1N

Volume of excess Hcl(V2) = ??

Normality of Hcl(N2) = molarity × basicity

= 2×2 = 4 × 1.01 = 4.04N

Using,

V1N1 = V2N2

30×1 = V2 × 4.04

I.e. V2 = 7.42cc

Volume of excess acid = 7.42 cc

  Volume of Hcl neutralized by metal=    100 - 7.42

= 92.575 cc

Therefore,  gm.eqv of Hcl = gm.eqv of metal

(92.575/1000) × 4.04 = 4/E

I.e E = 10.09

Atomic mass= E × basicity

                      = 10.09 × 2

                      = 20.18amu ans

The atomic mass is 20.18 amu

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Answer:

P-block metals have classic metal characteristics like they are shiny, they are good conductors of heat and electricity, and they lose electrons easily. These metals have high melting points and readily react with nonmetals to form ionic compounds.

Explanation:

Answer:

A  group 1

Explanation:

Group 1

reactivity decreases as you go from L to R or downward on the periodic table

The reactivity of the elements in group 2 would increase down the group.

We have to note that when we are talking about the reactivity of the elements we are looking at how easiliy the elements are able to engage in the process of chemical combination.

For the group two elements, they are highly reactive but not as reactive as the elements that we can find in group 1. The reactivity of the element is that are in group 2 would increase as we move down the group of the elements.

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