In the United States, it is generally considered unethical and illegal for law enforcement officers to base their observations or investigation solely on the ethnicity of a suspect.
Individuals cannot be targeted or treated differently purely because of their ethnicity or race, according to the Constitution. To ensure justice, impartiality, and the preservation of individual rights, law enforcement authorities are supposed to adhere to specific norms and protocols.
Racial profiling, or the practise of targeting people based on their race or ethnicity, is generally criticised since it can lead to unfair discrimination, violations of civil liberties, and a breakdown in confidence between police enforcement and communities. It is contrary to the norms of equality and due process.
Overall, law enforcement in the United States strives to preserve public safety while following the concepts of fairness, justice, and equality for all people, regardless of ethnicity or race.
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The following question may be like this:
Is it ethical or legal for law enforcement officers in the United States to consider the ethnicity of a suspect when observing or investigating criminal activities? Why or why not?
What is the difference between specialized patient records and general health records?
Explain the major factors that go into how judges make decisions in their cases.
The major factors that go into how judges make decisions in their cases. are
"direct influences," which include things like legal and political experiences."indirect and distant impacts," which include things like broad legal and political.What is a Judge?Generally, A judge is an individual who presides over the proceedings that take place in a court of law, either on their own or as a member of a panel of judges.
The judge will listen to all of the witnesses as well as any additional evidence that may be provided by the prosecution or the defense. On the basis of the evidence that has been provided as well as in compliance with the law, the judge will make a determination as to whether or not the accused individual is guilty. In the event that the accused is found guilty, the court will subsequently impose the appropriate penalty.
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1. From your prospective what could be a major internal problem/threat to the US? What incentives are creating this threat? Do you think their could or should be a way to change the incentives?
2. From your prospective what could be a major external threat that could cause problems in the US? What incentives are creating this threat? Do you think their could or should be a way to change the incentives?
Externally, geopolitical conflicts and tensions with other world powers such as China and Russia could pose a significant threat to the United States. The incentives driving this threat include competition for resources, influence and geopolitical dominance.
Changing incentives will require diplomatic efforts, dialogue and cooperation to build mutual trust and find common ground on global issues.
Whereas Internally, the polarization and fragmentation of society can pose a grave threat to the United States. The stimuli that fuel this threat include politics, economic inequality, and identity.
Changing incentives would mean focusing on shared values to foster dialogue, empathy, bridge divides and foster a sense of national unity and social cohesion.
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FACTS: Stilton was promoted to chief executive officer (CEO) of Tamik, Inc. a pharmaceutical company that manufactures a vaccine called Kafluk, which supposedly provides some defense against bird flu. The company began marketing Kafluk throughout Asia. After numerous media reports that bird flu might soon become a worldwide epidemic, the demand for Kafluk increased, sales soared, and Tamik earned record profits. Tamik’s CEO, Stilton, then began receiving disturbing reports from Southeast Asia that in some patients, Kafluk had caused psychiatric disturbances, including severe hallucinations, and heart and lung problems. Stilton, was informed that six children in Japan had died after receiving the vaccine. To cover up the story and prevent negative publicity, instructed Tamik’s partners in Asia to offer cash to the Japanese families whose children had died in exchanged for their silence. Silton also refused to authorize additional research within the company to study the potential side effects of Kafluk. Using the information presented in chapter 7 of the 11th ed. textbook, answer the following questions:
1) What is business ethics, and why is it important? and how can business leaders encourage their companies to act ethically?
2) How do duty-based ethical standards differ from outcome-based ethical standards?
3) If Kafluk prevented fifty Asian people who were exposed to bird flu from dying, would Stilton’s conduct in this situation be ethical under a outcome-based ethical standard? Why or why not?
4) Would Stilton’s conduct be ethical under a duty- based ethical standard? Why or why not?
5) Did Tamik or Silton violate the Foreign Corrupt Practice Act in this scenario? Why or why not?
Answer:
1A. What is business ethics, and why is it important? Ethics is the study of what constitutes right or wrong behavior—the fairness, justness, rightness, or wrongness of an action. Business ethics focuses on what constitutes ethical behavior in the world of business. An understanding of business ethics is important to the long-run viability of a business firm and to the well being of the firm’s officers, managers, and employees. A business firm also owes duties to a variety of “stakeholders” whom the firm’s decisions and activities may affect significantly.
2A. How do duty-based ethical standards differ from outcome-based ethical standards? Duty-based ethical standards are derived from religious precepts or philosophical principles. Outcome-based ethics focus on the consequences of an action, not on the nature of the action or on a set of pre-established moral values or religious beliefs.
3A. What are five steps that a business person can take to evaluate whether his or her actions are ethical? The first step is inquiry, the business decision maker must understand the problem, identify the parties involved and collect the relevant facts. Step 2 is to list the possible actions and goals, and discuss and evaluate the ethical principles of each option. The third step is to make a decision or adopt a plan of action. The fourth step is to articulate or document the reasoning (justification) underlying the decision. Once the decision has been made and implemented, step 5 is to evaluate the solution to determine if it was effective. This final step guides the businessperson when making future ethical decisions.
4A. How can business leaders encourage their companies to act ethically? Ethical leadership is important to create and maintain an ethical workplace. Managers can set standards, and apply those standards to themselves and their firm’s employees.
5A. What types of ethical issues might arise in the context of international business transactions? The most common types of issues to arise in an international context are those created by the different ethical standards and practices among different cultures and nations. These may include employment policies, the treatment of women and minorities, and (less likely) situations involving bribes.
Explanation:
hope this helps a litttle
what is article 2 of the constitution summary?
Article 2 of the United States Constitution establishes the executive branch of the federal government, including the roles and responsibilities of the President of the United States.
Article 2's key provisions are as follows:
Section 1 outlines the requirements and method for selecting the President and Vice President.
Section 2 covers the President's responsibilities and duties, including the authority to serve as Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces.
Section 3 mandates that the President deliver an annual State of the Union address to Congress and gives the President the authority to summon both houses.
Section 4 lays out the processes for removing the President and other officials from office in the event of impeachment or conviction for "high crimes and misdemeanours."
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The State Administrator is permitted to do all of the following EXCEPT: A withhold registration of a security B arrest an individual for violating State law C request that the state Attorney General file criminal charges against an individual for willfully violating State law
Answer:
Explanation:
The State Administrator is permitted to do all of the following EXCEPT: A withhold registration of a security B arrest an individual for violating State law C request that the state Attorney General file criminal charges against an individual for willfully violating State law
TRUE/FALSE. seriousness of offebse abd orior record of the defendant atre the most important factors on determing normal penalties
The offense's seriousness The most significant factors in determining standard penalties were the defendant's prior history and behavior. True.
What elements are taken into account while imposing a punishment on a defendant?A judge must impose a sentence that is adequate—but not excessive—to reflect the seriousness of the offense, encourage adherence to the law, provide just punishment for the crime, effectively deter future criminal behavior, safeguard the public from the defendant's further criminal activity, and provide for the defendant.
What are the two main criteria that judges use to determine sentences?When deciding how long to sentence a convicted offender to, federal courts look to the sentencing guidelines. The guidelines offer sentence ranges based on the severity of the offense and the criminal record of the defendant.
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Which of the following is a sentence that a judge can impose on a defendant at
sentencing (only one correct answer)?
a) Declaratory
b) Expository
c) Probation
d) Thematic
e) Runaway
Answer: C - probation.
Explanation:
Tax Freedom Day represents the day that the average person works until to pay their taxes each year. True or False?
The given statement "Tax Freedom Day represents the day that the average person works until to pay their taxes each year" is True.
American businessman Dallas Hostetler created and copyrighted the idea of Tax Freedom Day, which tries to determine the first day of the year when a country as a whole has potentially made enough money to pay its taxes.
Every dollar that the government officially classifies as income and every payment to the government that is officially classified as a tax are both counted. All types of taxes, including municipal, state, and federal taxes, are included.
Tax Freedom Day is the day when a typical American should theoretically have made enough money to cover all of their tax liabilities for the year. The computation used to arrive at this date makes the assumption that everyone in the country will start working eight hours per day on January 1 and that no money would be spent.
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2. How does corruption impact on service delivery? (125 words, 5 marks)
Corruption affects service delivery by instituting unethical attitudes and fraud that affect the quality of services and the use of resources for positive purposes, such as public service.
What is the impact of corruption on the public service?Corruption is a set of illegal and unethical attitudes for personal benefit or that of third parties. In the public service, corruption is capable of increasing social inequality and opportunities for the population.
Corruption can occur through the diversion of funds intended for the application of public policies to improve the population's quality of life, for example.
Therefore, corruption must be fought through the punitive application of a set of laws, so that social institutions and the public service maintain their suitability in society.
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A writing sample that has been made to look like someone else's handwriting is a:
Answer:
cursive
Explanation:
Describe the five limits of power that are designed to stop dictatorship such as fujimori
the texas legislature has permanent and session-only staff than most other states. multiple choice question. fewer more about the same more part-time and less full-time
The Texas legislature has more permanent and session-only staff than most other states. Texas has a larger workforce than the majority of states.
An assembly with the power to enact laws for a political unit, such as a nation or city, is known as a legislature. Texas has a larger workforce than the majority of states. He or she must be at least 21 years old, registered to vote, and have lived in the district for at least a year. It is less expensive and offers sessions that are longer than those of most hybrids. Every other year, the Texas Legislature convenes in Regular Session for around five months. Regular Sessions can last no more than 140 days and terminate during the last week of May or the first week of June. They start at noon on the second Tuesday of January of odd-numbered years.
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Your department has experienced budget cuts over the last five years, resulting in a 20% reduction in line personnel, and the elimination of several proactive special units and the Community Policing Unit.
What will your department look like in five, ten, and twenty years?
Why have you made these decisions?
What must your department do to recoup the losses in personnel?
How will your hiring practices change to meet the different workforce-facing law enforcement?
In five, ten, and twenty years, the department may face continued resource limitations, reduced staffing levels, and a more streamlined structure. These decisions were made due to budget constraints and the need to prioritize essential services.
To recoup personnel losses, the department can focus on strategic recruitment, retention strategies, and partnerships with community organizations.
Hiring practices may evolve to attract diverse candidates, emphasize technological skills, and adapt to the changing demands of law enforcement.
In five years, the department will likely operate with a reduced workforce and limited resources due to the budget cuts. The elimination of proactive special units and the Community Policing Unit will lead to a narrower focus on reactive law enforcement.
This may result in a decline in community engagement and preventive strategies. In ten years, the impact of the budget cuts may become more pronounced, with further personnel reductions and decreased capacity for specialized units. The department may struggle to address complex and evolving crime patterns effectively.
To recoup the losses in personnel, the department needs to explore various strategies. These could include advocating for increased funding from government sources, seeking partnerships with community organizations, and exploring innovative cost-saving measures. Implementing efficiencies in administrative processes and leveraging technology can also help maximize the productivity of the available personnel.
Hiring practices must adapt to meet the challenges of workforce-facing law enforcement. The department should focus on recruiting candidates with diverse skill sets, including technological proficiency, problem-solving abilities, and strong communication skills.
Emphasizing community-oriented policing during the hiring process is crucial to rebuilding trust and fostering positive relationships with the community. Collaborating with local educational institutions and offering attractive compensation packages can also help attract qualified individuals to the department.
Overall, the department must prioritize resource allocation, invest in training and professional development, and foster strong community partnerships to mitigate the effects of the budget cuts and adapt to the changing landscape of law enforcement.
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characteristics of procedural law on points ?
you should hve your battery and charging system check?
Is it illegal to sell counterfeit goods (shoes, handbags etc) in the UK?
If so, what is the punishment?
Answer:
Yes it is illegal as it greatly affects the people in poorer countries who are having to make these products as nobody is buying the items they are making and buying the fake ones. I don't know exactly, but using counterfeit money can result in up to 10 year sentence.
If someone is discriminated by a law based on gender, the burden is on the state to show that the law is substantially related to an important government purpose. This would require which level of scrutiny?
Courts utilize strict scrutiny as a type of judicial review to assess whether specific legislation is constitutional. When a plaintiff accuses the government of discrimination, the courts frequently use strict scrutiny.
What part of the Constitution protects against discrimination?The 14th Amendment, which ensures "equal protection of the laws," has been interpreted by a strong majority of the U.S. Supreme Court to include safeguards against sex discrimination. This is first seen in the 1971 landmark decision Reed v.
No state shall enact or carry out any legislation that restricts the rights or privileges of US citizens; no state shall rob anybody of their life, liberty, or property without due process of law; and no state shall refuse to any person within its borders the equal protection of the laws.
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preponderance of the evidence standard of proof applies to the competency to stand trial, just as it does in many types of court cases. in the case of competency to stand trial, the defense must prove that
Preponderance of the evidence standard of proof applies to the competency to stand the trial : the defense must prove that it is more likely than not the accused is incompetent.
What do you mean by Preponderance?
It can be defined as one type of evidentiary standard which is majorly used in a burden of proof analysis. In this the whole process revolves around around to prove that something is most likely than not. It is a very strong and important component in proving cases based on law.
is majorly based upon two factors
burden of productionburden of persuasionHence ,the defense must prove that it is more likely than not the accused is incompetent.
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is work done by legislators to help residents in their voting districts.
The work done by legislators to help residents in their voting districts is commonly known as constituent service or casework.
Legislators, whether at the federal, state, or local level, are elected to represent and serve the interests of their constituents. One aspect of their responsibilities is providing assistance and support to the residents within their voting districts. This constituent service involves addressing specific concerns, inquiries, or issues raised by individuals or groups within their constituencies.
Legislators often have staff members dedicated to handling constituent requests and concerns. They may assist with matters such as navigating government agencies, resolving problems related to public services, helping with inquiries about legislation, or connecting constituents with appropriate resources and services. Constituent service is an important aspect of a legislator's role, as it allows them to directly engage with and assist the people they represent, thereby fulfilling their duty to advocate for their constituents' interests and well-being.
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is work done by legislators to help residents in their voting districts is known as ?
The Safety Responsibility Law was designed to remove irresponsible drivers from Georgia highways and to protect insured motorists from uninsured motorists. True are false
Answer: True
Explanation:
This law, enacted in 1945, aims to exclude irresponsible drivers from driving and to protect insured drivers from the uninsured ones. To do so, the law states that those who fail to satisfy a claim for damages caused by a motor vehicle crash must have their driving license suspended for one year. The main goal of the law is to avoid having people suffering injuries in crashes caused by uninsured motorists, and it ends up encouraging motorists to purchase liability insurance.
Which of the following statements is true about the adjudication phase of the criminal justice process?a.) It is the first phase of the criminal justice process.b.) It is conducted by a judge, with or without a jury.c.) It is the phase where defendants are sentenced for charges against them.d.) It is the phase where citizens first bring criminal events to the attention of the police.
The true statement about the adjudication phase of the criminal justice process is that it is conducted by a judge, with or without a jury. The correct option is B.
This phase occurs after the arrest and charging of the defendant and involves the presentation of evidence and arguments from both the prosecution and defense. The judge or jury then decides on guilt or innocence, and if guilty, the defendant is sentenced during this phase. The phase where citizens first bring criminal events to the attention of the police is the investigation phase, which occurs before the arrest and charging of the defendant.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
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3.
If you can't provide proof of insurance to the FLHSMV, your driver license
and license plate can be suspended for up to __.
A. 30 days
B. 90 days
C. 1 year
D. 3 years
The general purpose of damages is to compensatory the injured party for its losses, not to create a windfall.
To provide the nonbreaching party with enough money to cover any genuine damages incurred is the goal of compensatory damages.
What is compensatory damages?As the name implies, compensatory damages are meant to make up for any loss or harm suffered by the aggrieved party. Personal injury damages come in three different forms: general, special, and punitive.Punitive damages are given to an offender as punishment.This kind of compensation can be used to cover any future medical costs, treatment costs, or other costs related to a harm someone incurred as a result of someone else's carelessness.If a careless driver struck your 2008 Honda, totaling it, the compensatory damages would be equivalent to the market value of the car at the time of its demise, Less any scrap or salvage value, and you might be entitled to the car's fair market value.Learn more about compensatory damage here:
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The study of criminal law is the study of?
The Victorian legislation which provides guidelines for solicitors to disclose information about costs.
Answer:
costs disclosure
Explanation:
The Victorian legislation provides guidelines for legal fee disclosures by solicitors to their clients. The legislation requires that solicitors must disclose legal costs in a cost disclosure statement as soon as they engage a client. This prevents the penalties or invalidity of a legal claim to costs. Exceptions may however apply where legal costs do not exceed $750 or client is government or commercial entity.
2. Share an example of a case where you
have experienced that the law can
contribute to a harmonious and peaceful
society (500 words) (5 Marks)
One notable example is the implementation of anti-discrimination laws. These laws aim to protect individuals from unfair treatment based on factors such as race, gender, religion, sexual orientation, or disability. By establishing legal protections and consequences for discriminatory actions, these laws help foster a more inclusive and equitable society.
Consider a hypothetical scenario where a workplace is plagued by discrimination. Employees of various backgrounds face mistreatment, unequal opportunities, and a hostile work environment. In such a situation, the implementation and enforcement of anti-discrimination laws can play a vital role in promoting harmony and peace.
Firstly, the existence of these laws sends a clear message that discrimination is unacceptable and will not be tolerated. This helps create a cultural shift and raises awareness among both employers and employees about the importance of equal treatment and respect for diversity. It encourages people to challenge their biases and prejudices, leading to a more inclusive and harmonious workplace.
Secondly, anti-discrimination laws provide legal recourse for victims of discrimination. If an employee feels they have been unfairly treated, they can file a complaint or lawsuit based on the violations of these laws. This empowers individuals to seek justice and hold perpetrators accountable. By providing a legal framework for addressing discrimination, these laws help resolve conflicts and restore harmony within the workplace.
Moreover, anti-discrimination laws also have a preventive effect. Knowing that discriminatory behavior can have legal consequences acts as a deterrent. Employers and employees are more likely to comply with the law, fostering an environment where individuals can work together peacefully and without fear of discrimination.
Additionally, anti-discrimination laws can positively impact society beyond the workplace. By promoting equal opportunities and fair treatment, these laws contribute to a more cohesive and integrated society. They help reduce social divisions, promote understanding and empathy among different groups, and create an environment where diversity is celebrated rather than suppressed.
However, it is important to note that the effectiveness of laws in promoting a harmonious and peaceful society depends on their implementation, enforcement, and the broader social context. Legislation alone cannot eliminate discrimination entirely, but it is a crucial tool in creating a legal framework that supports equality and justice.
In conclusion, the implementation of anti-discrimination laws is an example of how the law can contribute to a harmonious and peaceful society. By providing legal protections, recourse for victims, deterrence for perpetrators, and fostering a culture of inclusivity, these laws promote equality, diversity, and ultimately contribute to a more cohesive and peaceful society.
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Your uncle Brian stole three t-shirts from a stand at the mall. You are upset that he made this choice, and decide to use your iPhone to secretly record a conversation with him where he admits that he did, in fact, steal the shirts. He is awaiting trial, and you bring the recording to the police station to submit it as evidence. In your state, it is illegal to use a secretly recorded conversation in a court of law. In other words, this piece of evidence is inadmissible. Do you agree with this rule? In your answer, define the exclusionary rule and doctrine of fruit of the poisonous tree, and explain how these terms apply to your situation.
Answer: I agree with this rule that secretly recorded conversations cannot be used as evidence in a court of law. I agree with this rule because with technology now days it would be all too easy to takes someones words out of contact or even rearrange what was said. This also violates our rights as Americans and takes away our privacy. The fruit of the poisonous tree rule is an extension of the exclusionary rule meaning, illegally gathered evidence cannot be admissible in a court of law, the fruit being the evidence and the poisonous tree being the means in which the evidence was gathered.
Explanation:
Voter turnout continues to be a key factor in our democratic elections. In order to have confidence in our process of elections, participation is needed. Why do you think high voter turnout is often considered an indicator of a healthy democracy? What are some ill effects of low voter turnout? Outline a program or technology application that would successfully encourage more people to vote in both federal and local elections.
High voter turnout is often considered an indicator of a healthy democracy because it means that a greater number of people are engaged and invested in the democratic process. When more people participate, there is a better chance that elected officials will represent a diverse range of views and interests, leading to more balanced and representative governance.
On the other hand, low voter turnout can lead to several negative effects on democracy. It can result in a less diverse and less representative group of elected officials, leading to policies that may not reflect the needs and interests of the broader population. It can also lead to a lack of accountability for elected officials, as they may not face enough scrutiny or pressure from their constituents to justify their actions.
To encourage more people to vote, one program or technology application that could be implemented is a mobile app that provides information on voter registration deadlines, polling locations, and candidates and their positions on key issues. The app could also allow users to register to vote and request absentee ballots, as well as receive reminders to vote on election day. Additionally, social media platforms could be used to encourage peer-to-peer outreach and mobilization efforts, such as sharing information on voting and organizing virtual or in-person events to promote voter turnout. Such programs and technologies can help make voting more accessible, convenient, and engaging for people, ultimately increasing voter turnout and strengthening democracy.
When you make a choice, the experience from what would have been your second option is called
trade-off
supply
demand
opportunity cost
Answer:
I believe it's opportunity cost - (D)
Explanation: I think this because the exact definition of opportunity cost is - "The loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen" which fit's perfect in this scenario here's an EX. you want to go to the movies that's your first option your second option is to go to an arcade but you don't so that experience you could've had you didn't is called opportunity cost which is what this question is referring to. Hope this helps have a good day!
Answer:
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
rate 5 stars and thank