In expectancy theory, valence is:___.

a. a sum of the consequences in an organizational setting.

b. the individual's perception of the probability that effort will lead to high performance.

c. the individual's perception that performance will lead to a specific outcome.

d. an index of how much an individual values a particular outcome.

Answers

Answer 1

In expectancy theory, valence is an index of how much an individual values a particular outcome. The right answer is d.

According to expectancy theory, behaviour is the outcome of conscious decisions made between alternatives with the goals of maximising pleasure and minimising pain. Value describes the emotional orientations that individuals have towards results (rewards). the intensity of an employee's desire for intrinsic or extrinsic rewards.

Management needs to learn what the workforce values. According to the theory, even though people may have diverse sets of goals, they might be motivated if they think that their efforts and performance are positively correlated, and that good performance would lead to a desirable reward.

The correct answer is option d.

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Related Questions

how old do you have to be to get a piercing without parental consent

Answers

Answer:

18

Explanation:

No body piercing except for ear piercings may be performed on a minor under the age of 18 without a parent or guardian being present or providing notarized approval for their child to get a specific piercing.

In the context of approaches to legal interpretation, modernists differ from originalists in that modernists?

Answers

Modernists differ from originalists in their approach to legal interpretation in that they strive to study the Constitution in the context of today's society.

What is  legal interpretation?

Examining legal documents, such as those in statutes, constitutions, contracts, and wills, is known as legal interpretation. This chapter introduces the fundamental question of what legal interpretation necessarily seeks as well as opposing answers to that question.

What are the types of legal interpretation?

Judges utilize a range of resources to assist them in interpreting statutes, but they most usually depend on five sorts of interpretative tools: ordinary meaning, statutory context, canons of construction, legislative history, and evidence of how a statute is applied.

What is  Constitution?

A constitution is the collection of fundamental rules or accepted precedents that provide the legal framework for a polity, organization, or other sort of institution and typically specify how that entity is to be governed.

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search rate is concerned with how frequently the driver searches his environment. a) true b) false

Answers

The statement "search rate is concerned with how frequently the driver searches his environment" is TRUE.

Search rate refers to the number of searches made by a driver. The term "search" means to scan the environment for specific objects, obstacles, or dangers, in order to identify them and make appropriate decisions. The driver's ability to search the environment effectively is critical to driving safety. They must be able to determine the nature and extent of the road environment and surrounding areas.

The driver's search rate refers to how frequently they perform this task.150, frequently, and searches are all terms that are relevant to the concept of search rate.

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Which of the following is TRUE about affect? A. In the past, affect was rarely viewed as being constructive. B. Researchers believe that affect is fleeting and short-lived. C. Affect is an immediate reaction to a person or an event. D. Affect is broad, and it encompasses both emotions and moods. E. None of the above.

Answers

The true statement about affect is affect is an immediate reaction to a person or an event. Option d is correct.

Affect refers to the emotional state of a person. In simple terms, it can be defined as an emotional response or feeling that results from any event, situation, or person. In the field of psychology, the term affect is used to refer to the outward display of one's emotional state.

Researchers in psychology distinguish between two types of affect: mood and emotion. Moods tend to be longer-lasting, diffuse affective states. In contrast, emotions tend to be shorter-lived and more focused affective states.

Therefore, d is correct.

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How does the excerpt help you to understand David as a ruler of the isrealites

Answers

The excerpt helps me to understand David as a ruler of the Isrealites. because it stated some of the acheivement of king David during his rule as well as how he usually leads the war that may want to conquer Ireal.

How did the excerpt portray king David?

The excerpt portray king David as one of the best kings in Israel, he can be described as one that always seeks the face of God concerning the affairs of his people.

The excerpt made us believe that king David is a good king because he is always ready to face any war that may come to his people, and always seeks the face of God .

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a spending variance is the ______.

Answers

Explanation:

A spending variance is the difference between the actual amount of a particular expense and the expected (or budgeted) amount of an expense.

Which of the following would not be classified as a result of climate change?
A. Expanding glaciers
B. Increased droughts
C. Extreme weather
D. Rising sea levels

Answers

Answer:

A

reason because I did this in class

Answer:

(A) expanding glaciers!

Explanation: hope this helps!

Which of the following explanations represents why taste aversion breaks the rules of conditioning?
A. Taste aversion requires no cognitive processes in order to develop.
B. Taste aversion is a learned response that does not occur without cognition.
C. Taste aversion can develop after only one pairing of a stimulus and response.
D. Taste aversion cannot be explained by using conditioning processes.

Answers

The  explanations  that represents why taste aversion breaks the rules of conditioning is: C. Taste aversion can develop after only one pairing of a stimulus and response.

What is taste aversion?

Taste aversion often referred to as conditioned taste aversion is a special type of learning in which a person grows strongly opposed to or avoids a certain flavour or food after having that taste or food associated with an unpleasant or nauseous stimuli.

This reaction is noteworthy because it can happen even when there is a long delay between the time the meal is consumed and the commencement of the unpleasant stimuli.

Therefore the correct option is C.

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what is the purpose of an institutional research board (irb)? group of answer choices to protect the research institution and the research participants to help researchers find the required number of participants to ensure that the research is conducted on vulnerable populations to ensure that the results of the research are correct

Answers

The goal of IRB review is to ensure that sufficient measures are taken to protect the rights and welfare of people who will be using their bodies as research subjects, both in advance and via periodic review.

What do IRBs do, exactly?

All experiments involving human participants must be approved by institutional review boards (IRBs) in order to safeguard their welfare and rights.

The goal of IRB review is to ensure that the necessary precautions are taken to safeguard the rights and welfare of people who are participating as research subjects, both beforehand and via periodic evaluation.

An Institutional Review Board is a body that has been formally assigned by the FDA to examine and oversee biomedical research involving human participants. According to FDA regulations, an IRB has the power to approve, demand changes be made (to secure approval), or reject research.

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Define insurer and insured.​

Answers

Answer:

Insurer means a person who or even a company that underwrites basically an insurance risk; the party in an insurance contract undertaking to pay compensation.

Insurer means a person who or even a company that underwrites basically an insurance risk; the party in an insurance contract undertaking to pay compensation.insured means that like something is covered by insurance or it means a person organization covered by insurance.

I hope you find this helpful.

hi can u help.me with this question​

hi can u help.me with this question

Answers

producers - grass, carrot, flower

primary cons - grasshopper, squirrels, caterpillar

secondary - bird, frog, ?

tiertary - snakes, fox, herons

quartnery - lion, owl, hawk

Which psychological discipline (e. G. , Psychodynamic, Behavioral, Neuroscience, Cognitive, Humanistic, Developmental, Sociocultural, etc. ) does the concept/finding of the theory of emotions fit into and why?

Answers

Behavioral does the concept/finding of the theory of emotions fit into. The behavioral perspective is the perspective most associated with Burruss Frederick Skinner, John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and others.

This perspective holds that most of our behaviors, cognitions, and emotions are learned through conditioning processes.

A behavioral approach to abnormal psychology is concerned with the observable behavior of patients. Behavioral psychologists believe that we learn behavior through a complex system of rewards and punishments.

Behavioral therapy focuses on changing the behavior of people with mental illness rather than addressing the underlying causes of the behavior. In the case of Jenny, the behavioral therapist sees Jenny's behavior of separating from her friends and staying in bed all day as the main problem. Punish this behavior or reward good behavior such as socializing or getting up and going to work.

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If Smymas citizens were unhappy with this type of government. What other form of governor are they most likely to adopt

Answers

Answer:

A Strong Mayor

Explanation:

What are the tax consequences for a taxpayer who dies before recovering his investment in an annuity contract?

Answers

The annuity and the value of the annuity at the annuitant's death is subject to income tax for those who inherit an annuity.

An annuity is an agreement between an insurance company and a person that is typically employed by government or corporate retirees. It ensures a steady stream of income, and if a person passes away before seeing a full return on his investment, any remaining funds will be allowed as a miscellaneous itemized deduction on their last income tax return. Generally, if the annuity was owned by the taxpayer, the full value of the contract will be included in the taxpayer's taxable estate. If the contract was owned by someone else, the taxpayer may still be taxed on the portion of the contract that they were entitled to receive before death. If the contract had a named beneficiary, the amount received by the beneficiary may be partially or fully taxed as ordinary income, depending on the type of annuity and the terms of the contract. It's important to consult a tax professional for specific guidance based on individual circumstances.

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1. The world population has been growing, and incomes have
S
increased. Improved seeds, fertilizers, irrigation practices, and how to bem
lo cultivation methods have increased the productivity of farmsteun
around the world. The prices of agricultural products, like the PG
wheat and corn, have fallen over the last 30 years.
the last 30 years.ee
Add a new demand line (D,) and a new supply line (S) on
D
the graph to the right to explain the situation described above.
Q,
Quantity

1. The world population has been growing, and incomes haveSincreased. Improved seeds, fertilizers, irrigation

Answers

Answer:

Farming increased the yield of food plants and allowed people to have food available year round. Animals were domesticated to provide meat. With agriculture, people could settle down, so that they no longer needed to carry all their possessions (Figure below).

Values Group of answer choices are objective beliefs that are defined by each professional organization to guide a personal and professional decisions are based on others' conceptions about the importance of things are unrelated to knowledge, motor skills, or fitness can be moral or non moral in nature

Answers

Values means the objective beliefs that are defined by each professional organization to guide our personal and professional decisions.

What is a Values?

This refers to those guiding principles in a firm that helps to provide purpose and direction for its employees,

Hence,  its means the objective beliefs that are defined by each professional organization to guide our personal and professional decisions.

Therefore, the Option A is correct.

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Choose the correct stage in the development of professional identity for the given definitions/statement. (5 pts)
"I've learned about professionalism from observing engineers whom I admire. I am prone to worry about what others will think or say
Independent Operator Team-Oriented Idealist Self-Defining Professional

Answers

The given statement, "I've learned about professionalism from observing engineers whom I admire. I am prone to worry about what others will think or say" reflects the Independent Operator stage in the development of professional identity Therefore the correct option is A.

At this stage, individuals have a clear idea of what is expected of them in their professional roles and they tend to rely on their own perception of professionalism rather than seeking validation from others. They are self-directed and self-reliant in making decisions, but may also feel the need for external validation at times.

They are also keen observers and tend to learn from the experiences of other professionals whom they admire. Overall, individuals at this stage are focused on developing their own unique professional identity based on their personal values and beliefs.

Hence the correct option is A.

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Lee is about to skydive for the first time. He interprets his racing heart to be the result of his eager anticipation and excitement. This best represents which theory of emotion?

Answers

Answer:

Schachter's two factor

Explanation:

The schacters two factor theory is one that based emotions on 2 factors. These two factors are cognitive labels and physiological stimulation. It tells us that these two stimulus are needed for one to have emotions.

The racing heart is consistent with physiological stimulation and his emotions can be seen to be that of excitement.

Why is deductive reasoning stronger than inductive.

Answers

Answer:

Because it is founded on well-supported notions, it makes assumptions.

Explanation:

I hope that explains it

I hope my answer was helpful

Why was the sea route considered the best for trading in ancient times?

Answers

Answer:

Scarce commodities that were only available in certain locations, such as salt or spices, were the biggest driver of trade networks, but once established, these roads also facilitated cultural exchanges—including the spread of religion, ideas, knowledge, and sometimes even bacteria

Explanation:

hoped it helped!!

Initially, most settlers wanted to use the lands that became kansas and nebraska for factories. cities. roads. farms.

Answers

Initially, most settlers wanted to use the lands that became Kansas and Nebraska for farms.

What Kansas and Nebraska?

The lands of Kansas and Nebraska were fertile for raising crops and doing agricultural activities. These lands were made available to settlers at no cost under Homestead Act.

Therefore, settlers started to use the timber for building homes and selling to logging companies.

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Answer:

Explanation:

i did the test in Egn promese

Feminist ethicists argue that the __________ sphere should be given at least as much consideration in morality as the public sphere.

Answers

The feminist ethicists argue that the private sphere should be given at least as much consideration in morality as the public sphere.

Feminist ethics is the philosophy branch that studies gender and the experiences of women. This ethics system includes the principles and moral values that must govern women's rights and behaviors. In feminist ethics, the private sphere should be given at least as much consideration in morality as the public sphere.

It should be noted that feminist ethics reject the traditional ethical theories for not addressing women's experiences in morality. Feminist ethics study the moral dilemmas of women and their perspective on moral issues, such as sexuality, reproductive rights, and domestic violence.

Feminist ethics can be understood as a moral response to gender inequalities and oppression. It claims that women's voices should be heard and that their lived experiences should inform ethical theories.

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The American Party was also called the know Nothings.true or false​

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Francis c. sumner, one of g. stanley hall's students, was perhaps best known for being the:_______

Answers

'Francis c. Sumner, one of g. Stanley hall's students, was perhaps best known for being the first African American to receive a P.H.D in psychology in the united states.

He is known as the "Father of Black American Psychologists." During his time at Clark University, he collaborated closely with G. Stanley Hall.

His work on equality and racial justice in education was groundbreaking, and he aided the development of future generations of black psychologists.

Francis c. Sumner is also credited with being one of the founders of Howard University's psychology department, which he chaired from 1928 until his death in 1954.

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Susan can read 72 words in One-third of a minute. Which statement is correct?

Answers

where’s the statements?

Answer:

she can read 216 words per minute

Explanation:

I AM GIVING 100 POINTS FOR THIS QUESTION

Citizens are required to be?

A. Born in the United States
B. Involved in the military
C. Loyal to the federal government
D. Members of a charitable organization



I know B and D are incorrect
But I don't know whether or not A or C are correct.

Answers

Answer:

C it's c why citizens are controlled by the government

5. What is Social Security?​

Answers

Answer:

Social Security works by pooling mandatory contributions from workers into a large pot and then paying out benefits to those who are eligible for them. When you work, you pay into the system by having a portion of your earnings taxed and earmarked for Social Security.

The security of the people living in a particular society provided by the chief of the society is called social security

1. what does each photograph/document suggest about what life was like in the tenements of new york city in the late 19th century? provide evidence from the photo/document.

Answers

In the late 19th century, the photographs/documents suggest that life in the tenements of New York City was very crowded, unsanitary, and difficult. Evidence can be seen from the photos/documents given below.

The photograph of a family in a New York City tenement suggests that life was extremely crowded, with entire families living in one or two tiny rooms. Evidence of this can be seen from the small size of the room, the lack of furniture, and the number of people crammed into it. The photograph of a girl scavenging for coal suggests that families in the tenements had to resort to desperate measures to survive.

Evidence of this can be seen from the fact that the girl is alone and has no shoes, and is searching for coal in a pile of refuse. The photograph of a tenement courtyard suggests that these buildings were often poorly ventilated and unsanitary. Evidence of this can be seen from the amount of trash and debris on the ground, as well as the cramped quarters of the residents. The document "Lodging-House Dens" suggests that the living conditions in the tenements were often substandard.

Evidence of this can be seen from the description of the rooms as "ill-ventilated," "dark," and "noisy," and from the statement that the rooms were "inhabited by an unsavory class of people."Overall, the photographs/documents suggest that life in the tenements of New York City in the late 19th century was difficult and often deplorable. The residents had to deal with overcrowding, unsanitary conditions, and a lack of resources, and many of them had to resort to desperate measures to survive.

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What are the 5 mission areas outlined in the National Response?

Answers

Answer: Prevention, protection, mitigation, response and recovery

Explanation:

Which of the following sentences is an example of foreshadowing?

A.) You were right, my dear. I have been caught in my own trap.

B.) You had better harness your tongue, old man,” warned his wife, “for sooner or later one of your stories will come home to roost.”

C.) Her husband’s relatives were so impressed that they were halfway home before it occurred to them to wonder.

D.) They live far enough away so that they will never discover what big lies you told.

Answers

Answer:

B.) You had better harness your tongue, old man,” warned his wife, “for sooner or later one of your stories will come home to roost.”

Explanation:

Foreshadowing is an advance sign or warning of what is to come in the future.

[RevyBreeze]

Answer:

B) You had better harness your tongue, old man,” warned his wife, “for sooner or later one of your stories will come home to roost.”

Explanation:

Foreshadowing is basically a warning or indication of (a future event).  It is also a literary device that writers utilize as a means to indicate or hint to readers something that is to follow or appear later in a story. Please correct me if I am wrong!

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12 1/2 divided by 5 1/2 The varsity club wants to make 1000 dollars for a NYC trip. They are selling t-shirts for 9.00 dollars each. The fee for printing lancers logos is 30 dollars if the number of t-shirts is represented by x write and solve an inequality to find the number of t-shirts they have to sell in order to reach their goal You are purchasing call options. You have gathered the following information: Number of options purchased 1,100 Strike Price of Option $35.20 Option Price $4.95 Share Market Price $36.85 Required: 1) Calculate the intrinsic value of each option. Answer: $Answer2) Calculate the speculative premium of each option. Answer: $Answer3) Assume the following changes: Share Market Price $40.70 Speculative premium $1.38 What would the new price be of each option? Aim for ____________ seconds of total stretching time per flexibility exercise by adjusting duration and repetitions according to individual desires.60504030 if labor is abundant in south africa but capital is scarce, when south africa opens to trade the: We can get to the art gallery in half an hour.It only ______________________________________________________________ Saturn is 8.867 108 miles away from the Sun. Uranus is 1.787 109 miles away from the Sun. Approximately how many times farther is Uranus from the Sun than Saturn is?A.0.2 timesB.2 timesC.20 timesD.200 times Survival floating is a technique to increase chances of survival if caught without a life jacket in deep, cold water.Question 3 options: True False A sample of oxygen occupies 47.2 liters under a pressure of 1240 kPa at 25C. What volumewould it occupy at 35C if the pressure were decreased to 730 kPa?a. 72.8 Lb. 32.3 Lc. 47.8 Ld. 82.9 L I don't know what the answer is and I need helpwrite a function g whose graph represents the indicated transformation of the graph of f.the equation f(x)= x - 5 translated 4 units to the left is g(x)=don't you dare tell me it's -1 because I just tried it out myself and it's not -1 When stirred in 30C water, 5 g of powdered potassium bromide, KBr, dissolves faster than 5 g of large crystals of potassium bromide. Which of the following best explains why the powdered KBr dissolves faster? A. Potassium ions and bromide ions in the powder are smaller than potassium ions and bromide ions in the large crystals. B. Powdered potassium bromide exposes more surface area to water molecules than large crystals of potassium bromide. C. Fewer potassium ions and bromide ions have been separated from each other in the powder than in the crystals. D. Powdered potassium bromide is less dense than large crystals of potassium bromide. 9. By 1900, what cities had a population of over 500,000? P. 642 classify the triangle by its sides, and then by its angles Dialogue between brother and sisterof mobile phone.onuse Qu hora es? 12:30 Plz help!Arturo purchased 30 shares of stock for $17. He then sold all 30 shares for $21. What was his net profit after an $8 commission? Citizens who were the original group that lived in Sparta. They owned land and were the ruling families Which statements describe the energy in a food web? select three options. a.When an organism eats another organism, it loses energy. b. Producers have the greatest amount of available energy. c. Energy can follow many different paths. d. When an organism eats another organism, it gains energy. e. Producers have the least amount of available energy. f. Energy always follows a single path. How many moles of H2H2 are formed by the complete reaction of 0.329 mol of Al? The area model shows 2 and one-third. What is 2 times 2 and one-third?