During metamorphism, mineral and compositional changes occur because the pressure, temperature, and chemical environment of the original rocks have changed. When minerals in rocks are subjected to heat, pressure, or chemical action, they can alter in mineralogy and texture.
In metamorphism, rocks transform under high heat and pressure. This causes physical and chemical changes, resulting in new minerals and compositional changes. The changes are divided into two types: 1) recrystallization and 2) neometamorphism.1. Recrystallization: This occurs when existing minerals dissolve and new ones develop from the dissolved minerals. The newly formed minerals are often larger and more regular in shape than the original minerals.2. Neometamorphism: This type of change occurs when new minerals form from the original minerals. The minerals' chemical composition may also change. For instance, clay minerals may change to mica minerals. Both processes, recrystallization and neometamorphism, may happen simultaneously. They may also occur in a sequence, depending on the type of rock being metamorphosed and the metamorphic environment. In general, the longer the rocks are exposed to the metamorphic environment, the greater the changes. Over time, the rock can become increasingly harder and more resistant to weathering.
In metamorphism, changes occur in minerals and compositions due to the modification in the pressure, temperature, and chemical environment of the original rocks. Rocks transform under high heat and pressure resulting in physical and chemical changes. Recrystallization and neometamorphism are the two types of changes that occur during metamorphism.
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what is physical change and chemical change
Answer:
Physical change occur when objects or sub undergo a change that does not change their chemical composition.
Chemical change us a permanent change which occur when a substance combined with another to form a new substances.
60 points please help me i will appreciate it!
Answer:
\(\huge\boxed{\sf n = 7.36 \ mol}\)
Explanation:
Given Data:
Volume = v = 42.19 L
Pressure = P = 428.792 kPa = 4.23 atm
Temperature = 27.871 °C + 273 = 300.871 K
R = the gas constant = 0.08206 L atm K⁻¹mol⁻¹
Required:
No. of moles = n = ?
Formula:
nRT = Pv
Solution:
Rearranging formula
\(\displaystyle n = \frac{Pv}{RT} \\\\n = \frac{(4.23)(42.19)}{(0.08206)(300.871)} \\\\n = \frac{181.467}{24.69} \\\\n = 7.36 \ mol\\\\\rule[225]{225}{2}\)
Find the entropy of 1 mole of N2 molecule consider it as an ideal gas occupying a cubic volume of side 1 cm
choices
1: 74 J/K
2: 37
3:136
4: 62
The entropy of 1 mole of N2 molecules, considered as an ideal gas occupying a cubic volume of side 1 cm, is approximately 4: 62 J/K.
To find the entropy of 1 mole of N2 molecules, we need to use the formula for entropy:
S = R * ln(W)
Where:
S is the entropy
R is the gas constant
ln is the natural logarithm
W is the number of microstates or ways the system can be arranged
For an ideal gas, the number of microstates can be calculated using the formula:
W = (V^N) / (N!)
Where:
V is the volume
N is the number of molecules
Given that we have 1 mole of N2 molecules, which is approximately 6.022 x 10^23 molecules, and the volume of the cube is 1 cm^3, we can calculate the entropy.
First, let's convert the volume from cm^3 to m^3:
1 cm^3 = (1 x 10^-2 m)^3 = 1 x 10^-6 m^3
Now, we can substitute the values into the formula for W:
W = ((1 x 10^-6 m^3)^(6.022 x 10^23)) / (6.022 x 10^23)!
To simplify the calculation, we can use the fact that ln(W) is equivalent to ln((V^N) / (N!)) = ln(V^N) - ln(N!).
ln(W) = ln((1 x 10^-6 m^3)^(6.022 x 10^23)) - ln(6.022 x 10^23)!
ln(W) = (6.022 x 10^23) * ln(1 x 10^-6 m^3) - ln(6.022 x 10^23)!
Now, substituting the values of ln(1 x 10^-6 m^3) and ln(6.022 x 10^23) into the equation:
ln(W) = (6.022 x 10^23) * (-13.8155) - ln(6.022 x 10^23)!
Finally, we can use the value of the gas constant, R, which is approximately 8.314 J/(mol·K), to calculate the entropy:
S = R * ln(W) = (8.314 J/(mol·K)) * ((6.022 x 10^23) * (-13.8155) - ln(6.022 x 10^23)!)
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a 0.050 m cacl2 solution is adjusted to a ph = 8. will ca(oh)2(s) precipitate? show all work.
Ca(OH)\(_{2}\)(s) will not precipitate in a 0.050 M CaCl\(_{2}\) solution adjusted to pH 8.
To determine if Ca(OH)\(_{2}\)(s) will precipitate when a 0.050 M CaCl\(_{2}\) solution is adjusted to pH 8, we need to consider the solubility product constant (Ksp) of Ca(OH)\(_{2}\).
The balanced equation for the dissociation of Ca(OH)\(_{2}\)(s) is:
Ca(OH)\(_{2}\)(s) ⇌ Ca\(_{2}\)+(aq) + 2OH-(aq)
The Ksp expression for Ca(OH)\(_{2}\) is:
Ksp = [Ca2+][OH-\(]^{2}\)
To determine if precipitation occurs, we need to compare the concentrations of Ca\(_{2}\)+ and OH- ions to the Ksp value. At pH 8, we assume all the OH- ions come from the dissociation of water. The concentration of OH- can be calculated using the Kw expression:
Kw = [H+][OH-]
1.0 x 1\(0^{-14}\) = (1\(0^{-8}\))[OH-]
[OH-] = 1.0 x 1\(0^{-6}\) M
Since the concentration of OH- (1.0 x 1\(0^{-6}\) M) is less than the concentration of Ca\(_{2}\)+ (0.050 M), Ca(OH)\(_{2}\)(s) will not precipitate because the concentration of OH- ions is not sufficient to exceed the solubility product constant.
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The movement of carbon dioxide and oxygen between plants and animals
Answer:
Animals, during respiration, take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide gas. Plants, on the other hand, utilize this carbon dioxide gas in the process of photosynthesis to produce food and release oxygen in the atmosphere. Thus, we can say that plants and animals help each other in exchange of gases in the atmosphere.
Explanation:
because we can say that plants and animals help each other in exchange of gases in the atmosphere.
Please help if you know
Compare and Contrast the two common forces of gravity and friction.
Answer:
Gravity always pulls objects such as a desk, book or person down. Thus, when you jump gravity causes you to land on the ground. Friction, however, doesn't pull objects down
What are the three main points of dalton’s atomic theory?
Answer:
Dalton's Atomic Theory
Explanation:
All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible.
All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties.
Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms.
A chemical reaction is a rearrangement of atoms.
Answer:
Dalton's Atomic Theory
All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible.All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties.Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of atoms.please help.. Which of the following events is most likely to cause an environmental disturbance in a grassland biome? A. Earthquake B.volcanic eruption C. hurricane D. fire caused by lightning
Answer:
D. Fire caused by lightning
Fire caused by lightning is the event which is most likely to cause an environmental disturbance in a grassland biome.
What is the effect of fire on grassland?Fire caused by lightning is the cause of environmental disturbance in a grassland biome because the fire can burn all the grassland vegetation which directly influence the organisms of that biome.
So we can conclude that fire caused by lightning is the event which is most likely to cause an environmental disturbance in a grassland biome.
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what are the concentrations of carbon in α-ferrite and fe3c at a temperature just below 727°c? you may want to use animated figure 9.24.
At a temperature just below 727°C, we are in the two-phase region of the iron-carbon phase diagram known as the austenite (γ) + cementite (Fe3C) region. This region is also referred to as the eutectoid temperature.
When the eutectoid temperature is reached, the γ phase transforms into two distinct phases: α-ferrite (α) and Fe3C. The α-ferrite phase has a body-centered cubic (BCC) crystal structure, while Fe3C, also known as cementite, has an orthorhombic crystal structure.
The carbon concentration in α-ferrite and Fe3C at a temperature just below 727°C is determined by the eutectoid composition, which is approximately 0.76% carbon. At this composition, the weight percentage of carbon in both phases is as follows:
α-Ferrite (α): The α-ferrite phase can dissolve a maximum of around 0.022% carbon at this temperature. Thus, the concentration of carbon in α-ferrite just below 727°C is very low, significantly below 0.022%.Fe3C (cementite): The Fe3C phase has a fixed composition of approximately 6.7% carbon. Therefore, the concentration of carbon in Fe3C just below 727°C is approximately 6.7%.Please note that the concentrations provided here are approximate and may vary slightly depending on the specific alloy composition and thermal history. I recommend referring to appropriate phase diagrams or materials science resources for more precise data and figures.
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What charges must the particles have to create the electric field shown?
X
A. X and Y are both positive.
B. X is positive and Y is negative.
C. X is negative and Y is positive.
OD. X and Y are both negative.
unfavorable temperatures and ph changes can cause a protein to change shape. this is called
A protein can alter shape in response to harsh temperatures and ph changes. It's known as denaturation.
What is the straightforward meaning of protein?(PROH-teen) a structure composed of amino acids. The body need proteins to operate correctly. They serve as the building blocks for several bodily components, including the skin, hair, and acids, cytokines, and antibodies.
What makes protein so crucial?Protein is present in every human cell. The core component of proteins is an amino acid chain. In order for your body to repair damaged cells and create new ones, you need proteins in your diet. Protein is essential for proper growth and development in children, adolescents, and expecting women.
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a solution has a ph of 13 and another solution has a ph of 10. how does the concentration of h {3}o^{ } in the solution with a ph of 13 compare to the h {3}o^{ }concentration in the solution with a ph of 10?
The pH of a solution is a measure of the concentration of H3O+ ions in the solution. A solution with a pH of 13 has a higher concentration of H3O+ ions compared to a solution with a pH of 10.
The pH scale is a logarithmic scale that measures the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution. The lower the pH value, the higher the concentration of H+ ions, and the higher the acidity of the solution. Given that the solution with a pH of 13 is more basic (alkaline) than the solution with a pH of 10, we can infer that the concentration of H+ ions in the solution with a pH of 13 is lower than the concentration of H+ ions in the solution with a pH of 10.
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Balance the following chemical equation I would give anyone the brainiest for answering.
Answer :
Part 13:
The balanced chemical reaction will be:
\(Cu(NO_3)_2+Na_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+2NaNO_3\)
Part 14:
The balanced chemical reaction will be:
\(Cu(NO_3)_2+Na_2C_2O_4\rightarrow CuC_2O_4+2NaNO_3\)
Part 15:
The balanced chemical reaction will be:
\(Cu(NO_3)_2+2KOH\rightarrow Cu(OH)_2+2KNO_3\)
Explanation :
Balanced chemical reaction : It is defined as the reaction in which an individual element of an atom present on reactant side must be equal to product side.
Part 13:
The balanced chemical reaction will be:
\(Cu(NO_3)_2+Na_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+2NaNO_3\)
Part 14:
The balanced chemical reaction will be:
\(Cu(NO_3)_2+Na_2C_2O_4\rightarrow CuC_2O_4+2NaNO_3\)
Part 15:
The balanced chemical reaction will be:
\(Cu(NO_3)_2+2KOH\rightarrow Cu(OH)_2+2KNO_3\)
What processes are adding additional carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
Answer:
Explanation:
When animals breathe or decompose (decay), carbonate rocks weather, forest fires ignite, and volcanoes erupt, carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere naturally. Human practices such as the combustion of fossil fuels and trees, as well as the manufacture of cement, contribute carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
Salt Solution I A chemist has 5 gallons of salt solution with a concentration of 0.2 pound per gallon and another solution with a concentration of 0.5 pound per gallon. How many gallons of the stronger solution must be added to the weaker solution to get a solution that contains 0.3 pound per gallon?
2.5 gallons of the stronger solution must be added to the weaker solution to get a solution that contains 0.3 pound per gallon.
The given values are:
Initial concentration of solution I: 0.2 lb/gallon
Volume of solution I: 5 gallons
Initial concentration of solution II: 0.5 lb/gallon
Final concentration of solution: 0.3 lb/gallon
Volume of solution II to be added: x gallon
We can use the following formula:
Initial volume of solution I x Initial concentration of solution I + Volume of solution II x Initial concentration of solution II =
(Volume of solution I + Volume of solution II) x Final concentration of solution
Rewriting the formula with the given values:
5 × 0.2 + x × 0.5 = (5 + x) × 0.3
Simplifying the equation:
1 + 0.5x = 1.5 + 0.3x0.2x = 0.5x = 2.5 gallons
2.5 gallons of the stronger solution must be added to the weaker solution to get a solution that contains 0.3 pound per gallon.
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Which best explains why making a pancake from batter is an example of a chemical change?
The pancake that forms is a different state of matter.
The change from batter to pancake can be reversed.
A new substance forms when the batter is cooked.
The batter changes shape when it is cooked.
Answer: A new substance forms when the batter is cooked.
Making pancake from batter is an example of chemical change because, a new substance forms when the batter is cooked. The formation of a new product indicates a chemical change. Hence, option C is correct.
What is a chemical change ?A chemical change involves the breaking or making of chemical bonds. The chemical bonds of the reactants breaks and the new bonds are created by intergrouping the atoms to form a new product which have different properties than the initial substances.
The physical changes does not include any change in chemical bonds. Phase changes, change in shape, size etc . are physical changes. They does not involve any formation of new products or color change.
Here, the pancake forms from the batter by the formation of new bonds and product. Where the initial substances are consumed. Therefore, option B is correct.
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the enthalpy change for the reaction is -67 kj. is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? is energy absorbed or released as the reaction occurs?
Given that the enthalpy change for the reaction is -67 kJ, the reaction is exothermic, and energy is released as the reaction occurs.
Enthalpy refers to the amount of energy that is stored in a compound's chemical bonds or the heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction. It is a thermodynamic property that determines the quantity of energy released or absorbed during a process such as chemical reaction or change in state.
When a reaction absorbs energy from its surroundings, it is known as an endothermic reaction. The reaction's enthalpy, which is the energy released or absorbed during a reaction, is positive. The system absorbs energy, which is why it is denoted by a positive value.
When a reaction releases energy into the surrounding, it is referred to as an exothermic reaction. The reaction's enthalpy, which is the energy released or absorbed during a reaction, is negative. The system releases energy, which is why it is denoted by a negative value.
Therefore, the reaction is exothermic and energy is released when the reaction occurs.
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What is DNA fingerprinting?
FORENSICS
Answer:
It is a method used to identify a suspect.
Explanation:
DNA fingerprinting is a method used to identify an individual from a sample of DNA by looking at unique patterns in their DNA.
the principal astronomical alignment at stonehenge, as well as the most common astronomical alignment at archaeoastronomical sites worldwide:______
Principal astronomical alignment at Stonehenge: Summer solstice sunrise. Most common astronomical alignment at archaeoastronomical sites worldwide: Equinox sunrise and sunset alignments.
The main astronomical alignment at Stonehenge is the alignment of the central axis with the rising sun during the summer solstice. During this event, the sun rises precisely over the Heel Stone, a large upright stone located outside the main circle of stones. This alignment is believed to have held great significance for the builders of Stonehenge, as it marked the longest day of the year and held cultural and ceremonial importance. Stonehenge's layout and design were carefully constructed to align with celestial events, and the summer solstice alignment is one of the most prominent and well-known features of the site. Most common astronomical alignment at archaeoastronomical sites worldwide: Equinox sunrise and sunset alignments.
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what is the chemical equation that makes Benzil turn into Benzoin and Hydrobenzoin
Benzil can be converted into Benzoin and Hydrobenzoin by reduction with sodium borohydride in the presence of a catalyst.
The chemical equation for the reduction of Benzil to Benzoin involves the reaction of two moles of Benzil with one mole of sodium borohydride (NaBH₄) in the presence of a catalyst such as ethanol. The reaction proceeds as follows:
2C₆H₅COCOC₆H₅ + NaBH₄ + 2H₂O → 2C₆H₅CHOHCO₂H₆ + NaBO₂ + 2H₂
The two carbonyl groups in Benzil are reduced to hydroxyl groups by NaBH₄ to form Benzoin. The reaction also produces sodium metaborate (NaBO₂) and hydrogen gas.
Hydrobenzoin is produced when the reaction between Benzil and NaBH₄ is carried out in the presence of an acid catalyst such as acetic acid. The reaction proceeds as follows:
C₆H₅COCHCOC₆H₅ + NaBH₄ + H₂O + HAc → C₆H₅CHOHCH(OH)COC₆H₅ + NaBO₂ + H₂
The carbonyl groups in Benzil are reduced to hydroxyl groups, and the resulting intermediate is protonated by the acid catalyst to give Hydrobenzoin. The reaction also produces sodium metaborate (NaBO₂) and hydrogen gas.
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The chemical equation shows iron(III) phosphate reacting with sodium sulfate.
2FePO4 + 3Na2SO4 Right arrow. Fe2(SO4)3 + 2Na3PO4
What is the theoretical yield of Fe2(SO4)3 if 20.00 g of FePO4 reacts with an excess of Na2SO4?
26.52 g
53.04 g
150.8 g
399.9 g
The theoretical yield of Fe2(SO4)3 if 20.00 g of FePO4 reacts with an excess of Na2SO4 is 26.52g.
What is chemical equation?A chemical equation is an expression that represent the chemical reaction between two or more substances. It consists of the chemical formulas of the reactants in and the products along with the physics state of the reactants and the products solid liquid gas etc. And the symbol that denoted the type of reaction that is talking please I'll eat you double arrow of the film visible reaction the number of the atoms of each element in the reactants and products must be the same on the both side of the equation.
1) Chemical equation:
2FePO4 + 3Na2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + 2Na3PO4
2) Theoretical molarity ratios:
2 mol FePO4 : 3 mol Na2SO4 : 1 mol Fe2(SO4)3 : 2 mol Na3PO4
3) Convert 20.00 g of FePO4 into number of moles
number of moles = mass in grams / molar mass
molar mass of FePO4 = 150.82 g/mol
numer of moles = 20.00 g / 150.82 g/mol = 0.1326 mol FePO4
4) Proportionality
1 mol Fe2(SO4)3 x
----------------------- = ------------------------
2 mol FePO4 0.1326 mol FePO4
Solve for x:
x = (0.1326 / 2) * 1 mol Fe2(SO4)3 = 0.0663 mol Fe2(SO4)3
5) Convert 0.0663 mol Fe2(SO4)3 into grams
mass in grams = number of moles * molar mass
molar mass Fe2(SO4)3 = 399.88 g/mol
mass = 0.0663 mol * 399.88 g/mol = 26.51 g
Depending on the numbers of the decimal to digits used by one or otherwise you might obtained 26.52 instead 26.51, that's differences does not count.
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Is density a ratio of a substance’s volume to its mass
Answer:
No.
Explanation:
In order to find the density of an object, you have to divide the weight of the object (mass) by the amount of space the object takes up (volume) by each other and then you get the density of the object. So, "no density is NOT a ratio of a substances volume to its mass, but a ratio of the substances mass to volume."
\(p=\frac{m}{v}\)
p = density
m = mass
v = volume
Hope this helps.
write an equivalence statement for micrometers and meters
Answer:
One micrometer is equal to one-millionth (1/1,000,000) of a meter, which is defined as the distance light travels in a vacuum in a 1/299,792,458 second time interval. The micrometer, or micrometre, is a multiple of the meter, which is the SI base unit for length. In the metric system, "micro" is the prefix for 10-6.
Explanation:
water contains high levels of dissolved minerals in the form of metallic ions.
The statement that water contains high levels of dissolved minerals in the form of metallic ions is not entirely accurate. While water can indeed contain dissolved minerals, the levels can vary significantly depending on the source and location.
Water from natural sources such as rivers, lakes, and underground aquifers can pick up minerals as it comes into contact with rocks and soil. These minerals can include calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, and others. When these minerals dissolve in water, they form ions, including metallic ions.
However, the concentration of dissolved minerals in water can vary widely. Some water sources may have higher mineral content, resulting in what is commonly known as hard water. In contrast, other water sources may have lower mineral content, resulting in relatively soft water.
It's important to note that the levels of dissolved minerals in water can have implications for taste, water hardness, and suitability for various applications such as drinking, irrigation, or industrial processes. Water treatment methods like filtration, reverse osmosis, or water softening can be used to remove or reduce dissolved minerals depending on specific needs.
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A student found that a maximum 0.800 g silver acetate is able to dissolve in 100.0 mL of water.
From the case above, it can be concluded that to dissolve silver acetate in 100 mL of water 0.800g of silver acetate is needed. Silver acetate is one of the most soluble compound in water.
Silver acetate is a chemical compound that has the empirical formula CH₃CO₂Ag. This compound is a white powder like crystalline solid, photosensitive, and moderately soluble in water. In the health sector, silver acetate functions as a deterrent for smokers to smoke in the form of gum, sprays, and lozenges. As well as being utilized as a well-known precursor used in printed electronics.
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the tendency of chemicals to become more concentrated as they move up the food chain is known as
The tendency of chemicals to become more concentrated as they move up the food chain is known as biomagnification. Biomagnification refers to the process where certain pollutants or chemicals, such as heavy metals or persistent organic pollutants, become increasingly concentrated in the tissues of organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain or food web.
The reason behind biomagnification lies in the nature of how organisms obtain and process energy. As energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, a phenomenon known as ecological efficiency causes the energy available at each subsequent level to decrease. However, certain chemicals, particularly those that are not easily metabolized or excreted by organisms, can accumulate and persist in the tissues. This accumulation occurs because the rate of intake of the chemical through the consumption of contaminated food is greater than the rate of elimination.
As a result, top predators or higher trophic level organisms, such as large fish, birds of prey, or mammals, tend to have the highest concentrations of these chemicals in their bodies. This biomagnification of chemicals can pose significant risks to the health and stability of ecosystems, as well as to human populations that rely on contaminated food sources.
In conclusion, the tendency of chemicals to become more concentrated as they move up the food chain is referred to as biomagnification. It is a process that can have significant ecological and human health implications.
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Someone please help me with this ???
Answer:
c
Explanation:
What do you notice about the
temperature on the x-axis of the H-R
diagram?
A. It increases from left to right
B. It increases from right to left
C. It increases from bottom to top
D. It increases from top to bottom
Madsciencelessons. Com 2015
The temperature along the H-R-x-axis. A's Growing from left to right.
What stand outs to you in the H-R diagram's temperature data?Moreover, the temperature can be seen to drop as one moves further to the right along the x-axis. Moreover, the H-R diagram can be broadly divided into four quadrants. The stars in the top-left quadrant are warm and brilliant, while those in the top-right quadrant are cool and bright.
The temperature in the H-R diagram.If you can interpret what each axis in the HR diagram implies, it's really simple to understand. The star's surface temperature is measured along the horizontal axis in Kelvin. The stars on the right are significantly cooler and redder in hue than the stars on the left, and they are 3000 Kelvin in temperature.
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What do
Electrons help form
And
Neutrons help keep