The monomers that makeup proteins are amino acids. The basic structure of amino acids is shown below:
One or more polypeptides, which are separate chains of amino acids arranged in a linear way, come together to form a protein. There are 20 different kinds of amino acids that are typically present in proteins.
A core carbon atom, sometimes referred to as the alpha (α) carbon, is joined to an amino group (\(NH_{2}\)), a carboxyl group (COOH), and a hydrogen atom to form the fundamental structure of all amino acids.
The R group, a second atom or group of atoms attached to the central atom in every amino acid, is what gives the amino acid its identity. For instance, the amino acid is glycine if the R group is a hydrogen atom, and alanine if the R group is a methyl \(CH_{3}\) group.
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What type of aldehydes undergoes Aldol condensation and Cannizaro reaction?
Write both the reactions
Aldehydes that contain at least one alpha hydrogen atom can undergo Aldol condensation and Cannizzaro reaction.
As per the question given,
In Aldol condensation, two aldehyde or ketone molecules react in the presence of a base to form a beta-hydroxy carbonyl compound. The reaction involves the removal of a water molecule from the alpha-carbon and carbonyl group of two aldehydes or ketones. This reaction produces Aldol, which can undergo dehydration to form an alpha-beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound.
On the other hand, in the Cannizzaro reaction, an aldehyde molecule undergoes self-oxidation and reduction in the presence of a strong base to give an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. The reaction involves the loss of a hydrogen atom from the aldehyde, which gets reduced to an alcohol, and the reduction of the other aldehyde molecule to a carboxylic acid.
Therefore, aldehydes containing at least one alpha hydrogen atom can undergo Aldol condensation and Cannizzaro reaction.
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Which type of light causes damage to plants? (Choose one) >_<
gamma ray
X-ray
ultraviolet
violet
indigo
blue
green
yellow
orange
red
infrared
microwave
radio
the answer is ultraviolet
Answer:
microwave
Explanation:
your gonna have one crispy plant if you put it in the microwave XD
1. The rate-determining step has two iodide ions coming together. 2. The rate-determining step involves a persulfate ion decomposing. 3. The rate-determining step has an iodide ion and a persulfate ion coming together. Which mechanism did your experiment confirm
In the given lab write-up, the third possibility for the mechanism of the rate-determining step was confirmed, where the rate-determining step involves an iodide ion and a persulfate ion coming together.
If the first mechanism were correct, where the rate-determining step has two iodide ions coming together, the rate of the reaction would be second order with respect to the iodide ion concentration, and doubling the iodide ion concentration would increase the rate by a factor of four. If the first mechanism were correct, where the rate-determining step involves a persulfate ion decomposing, the rate of the reaction would be first order with respect to the persulfate ion concentration, and doubling the persulfate ion concentration would double the rate.
However, since the third mechanism was confirmed, where the rate-determining step has an iodide ion and a persulfate ion coming together, the rate of the reaction is second order overall, and doubling either the iodide or persulfate ion concentration would increase the rate by a factor of four.
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Full Question: your lab write-up, three possibilities for the mechanism of the rate-determining step were listed. 1. The rate-determining step has two iodide ions coming together. 2. The rate-determining step involves a persulfate ion decomposing. 3. The rate-determining step has an iodide ion and a persulfate ion coming together. Which mechanism did your experiment confirm? the third. (a) If the first mechanism is correct, what should happen to the rate if the concentration of iodide ion is doubled and other concentrations are held constant? (b) If the first mechanism is correct, what should happen to the rate if the concentration of persulfate ion is doubled and other concentrations are held constant? (c) If the second mechanism is correct, what should happen to the rate if the concentration of iodide ion is doubled and other concentrations are held constant? (d) If the second mechanism is correct, what should happen to the rate if the concentration of persulfate ion is doubled and other concentrations are held constant?
.
please I need help ASAP
Lead nitrate decomposes on heating as indicated in Equation. 2Pb(NO3)2(s) 2PbO(s) + 4NO₂(g) + O₂(g) (4.8) If a volume of 112 cm³ of oxygen gas was collected at STP when a sample of lead nitrate was completely decomposed by heating, calculate the; (a) mass of the lead nitrate sample. (b) mass of lead(II) oxide produced. (c) Volume of nitrogen dioxide gas produced at STP. (Pb=207, N = 14, O=16; molar volume of gas at STP = 22.4 dm³)
Answer:
To solve this problem, we'll need to use stoichiometry and the molar ratios from the balanced chemical equation. Here's how you can calculate the values:
(a) Mass of the lead nitrate sample:
From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) produce 1 mole of oxygen gas (O2). We know that the volume of oxygen gas collected is 112 cm³, which is equal to 112/1000 = 0.112 dm³ (converting cm³ to dm³).
According to the molar volume of gas at STP (22.4 dm³), 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 dm³ at STP. Therefore, the number of moles of oxygen gas can be calculated as:
moles of O2 = volume of O2 / molar volume at STP
moles of O2 = 0.112 dm³ / 22.4 dm³/mol = 0.005 mol
Since 2 moles of lead nitrate produce 1 mole of oxygen gas, we can determine the number of moles of lead nitrate as:
moles of Pb(NO3)2 = 2 * moles of O2
moles of Pb(NO3)2 = 2 * 0.005 mol = 0.01 mol
To calculate the mass of the lead nitrate sample, we'll use its molar mass:
mass of Pb(NO3)2 = moles of Pb(NO3)2 * molar mass of Pb(NO3)2
mass of Pb(NO3)2 = 0.01 mol * (207 g/mol + 2 * 14 g/mol + 6 * 16 g/mol)
mass of Pb(NO3)2 = 0.01 mol * 331 g/mol
mass of Pb(NO3)2 = 3.31 g
Therefore, the mass of the lead nitrate sample is 3.31 grams.
(b) Mass of lead(II) oxide produced:
From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) produce 2 moles of lead(II) oxide (PbO). So, the number of moles of PbO produced is equal to the number of moles of Pb(NO3)2.
mass of PbO = moles of PbO * molar mass of PbO
mass of PbO = 0.01 mol * (207 g/mol + 16 g/mol)
mass of PbO = 0.01 mol * 223 g/mol
mass of PbO = 2.23 g
Therefore, the mass of lead(II) oxide produced is 2.23 grams.
(c) Volume of nitrogen dioxide gas produced at STP:
From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) produce 4 moles of nitrogen dioxide gas (NO2). So, the number of moles of NO2 produced is twice the number of moles of Pb(NO3)2.
moles of NO2 = 2 * moles of Pb(NO3)2
moles of NO2 = 2 * 0.01 mol = 0.02 mol
Using the molar volume of gas at STP, we can calculate the volume of nitrogen dioxide gas:
volume of NO2 = moles of NO2 * molar volume at STP
volume of NO2 = 0.02 mol * 22.4 dm³/mol = 0.448 dm³
Therefore, the volume of nitrogen dioxide gas
How would understanding the properties of matter be helpful.
Explanation:
Matter is the basic unit of all things in the world, whether living or nonliving. It is not only useful in chemistry, but also to other fields of science like physics. Physics deals with motion, so it has something to do with matte especially the movement of molecules for solids and fluids.
A chemist wants to make 450. ML of a solution that is 0. 500 M in concentration of Zn2+. Her available materials are 1. 45 M ZnSO4 and 0. 200 M ZnCl2. Unfortunately for the chemist, there is no deionized water available to dilute the solutions. Assuming that the solutions’ volumes are additive, how many mL of each solution are required to make the 450. ML of 0. 500 M Zn2+solution? Which of the ions present has the lowest concentration in the final solution?
___________________Volume of 1. 45 M ZnSO4 ___________________Volume of 0. 200 M ZnCl2 ___________________Ion with lowest concentration in final solution
To make 450 mL of a 0.500 M Zn²⁺ solution, the chemist needs to mix 108 mL of 1.45 M ZnSO₄ and 342 mL of 0.200 M ZnCl₂. The ion with the lowest concentration in the final solution is Zn²⁺.
Determine the lowest concentration in solution?Let's assume x mL of the 1.45 M ZnSO₄ solution is needed.
The concentration of Zn²⁺ in the ZnSO₄ solution is 1.45 M, so the amount of Zn²⁺ in this solution is (1.45 M)(x mL) = 1.45x mmol.
The remaining volume of the solution required is (450 - x) mL.
To obtain a 0.500 M Zn²⁺ concentration, the amount of Zn²⁺ needed in the ZnCl₂ solution is (0.500 M)(450 - x) mL = 0.5(450 - x) mmol.
Since the volumes are additive, the total amount of Zn²⁺ required is 1.45x mmol + 0.5(450 - x) mmol.
Setting the total amount equal to the desired concentration:
1.45x + 0.5(450 - x) = 0.500(450)
1.45x + 225 - 0.5x = 225
0.95x = 0
x = 0
Thus, 0 mL of the 1.45 M ZnSO₄ solution is needed.
To find the volume of the 0.200 M ZnCl₂ solution:
Volume of ZnCl₂ solution = Total volume - Volume of ZnSO₄ solution
= 450 mL - 0 mL
= 450 mL
Therefore, 450 mL of the 0.200 M ZnCl₂ solution is needed.
Since the concentration of Zn²⁺ is higher in the ZnSO₄ solution (1.45 M) than in the ZnCl₂ solution (0.200 M), Zn²⁺ has the lowest concentration in the final solution.
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the ph of a 0.45m nax salt solution is 9.26. what is the ka of the weak acid hx?
the concentrations: Ka = ((1.82 × 10^(-5))(1.82 × 10^(-5)))/(0.45) ≈ 7.34 × 10^(-11) then the Ka of the weak acid HX is approximately 7.34 × 10^(-11).
To determine the Ka of the weak acid HX, we'll follow these steps:
1. Identify the salt (NaX) and its corresponding weak acid (HX) and strong base (NaOH).
2. Calculate the pOH of the solution.
3. Determine the concentration of OH- ions.
4. Find the concentration of X- ions, and HX.
5. Set up an equilibrium expression and solve for Ka.
Step 1: The salt given is NaX, which comes from the weak acid HX and the strong base NaOH.
Step 2: Since the pH of the solution is 9.26, we can calculate the pOH using the relationship pH + pOH = 14.
pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 9.26 = 4.74
Step 3: To find the concentration of OH- ions, we'll use the relationship pOH = -log[OH-].
Rearrange the equation and solve for [OH-]: [OH-] = 10^(-pOH) = 10^(-4.74) ≈ 1.82 × 10^(-5) M
Step 4: The concentration of X- ions in the salt solution is 0.45 M (given), and since NaOH is a strong base, the reaction with water is complete. Thus, [X-] after the reaction with water will be 0.45 - [OH-] ≈ 0.45 M, and [HX] ≈ [OH-] ≈ 1.82 × 10^(-5) M.
Step 5: Set up the equilibrium expression for Ka: Ka = ([HX][OH-])/([X-]).
Substitute the concentrations: Ka = ((1.82 × 10^(-5))(1.82 × 10^(-5)))/(0.45) ≈ 7.34 × 10^(-11)
So, the Ka of the weak acid HX is approximately 7.34 × 10^(-11).
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Write the balanced chemical equations for the following word equations:
Magnesium+oxygen→Magnesium oxide
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen to form magnesium oxide is:
2 Mg + O2 → 2 MgO
In the reaction, magnesium (Mg) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form magnesium oxide (MgO). To balance the equation, we need to ensure that the number of atoms on both sides of the equation is the same.
In this case, we have two magnesium atoms on the left side and two magnesium atoms on the right side, which are already balanced. However, we have two oxygen atoms on the right side (in the form of O2), so we need to balance the equation by placing a coefficient of 2 in front of MgO on the left side.
After balancing, we have two magnesium atoms and two oxygen atoms on both sides of the equation:
2 Mg + O2 → 2 MgO
Therefore,
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen to form magnesium oxide is 2 Mg + O2 → 2 MgO.
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please help with this chemistry
The new volume of the balloon at the top of Pikes Peak is approximately 5.94 liters.
To solve this problem, we can use the combined gas law equation, which relates the initial and final states of a gas. The equation is given as:
(P1 * V1) / (T1) = (P2 * V2) / (T2)
Given:
P1 = 566.6 torr (initial pressure at 8500 ft)
V1 = 8.6 L (initial volume)
T1 = 26.1°C (initial temperature)
P2 = 400 torr (pressure at the top of Pikes Peak)
T2 = 1.8°C (temperature at the top of Pikes Peak)
We need to solve for V2, the new volume of the balloon at the top of Pikes Peak.
First, let's convert the temperatures to Kelvin:
T1 = 26.1°C + 273.15 = 299.25 K
T2 = 1.8°C + 273.15 = 275.95 K
Now we can plug the values into the equation:
(566.6 torr * 8.6 L) / (299.25 K) = (400 torr * V2) / (275.95 K)
To solve for V2, we can cross-multiply and then divide:
(566.6 torr * 8.6 L * 275.95 K) / (400 torr * 299.25 K) = V2
Calculating this expression, we find:
V2 ≈ 5.94 L
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the ca2 ion concentration outside the cell is 2.0 mm , a typical value, what is its concentration inside the cell?
The concentration of Ca2+ ions inside the cell is typically much lower than outside the cell, typically around 0.0001-0.001 mM.
This is due to the activity of ion pumps and channels that work to maintain this concentration gradient across the cell membrane. Alternatively, the concentration of Ca2+ ions inside a cell is typically lower than outside. While the concentration outside the cell is 2.0 mM, the concentration inside the cell is usually around 100 nM. This difference in concentration is maintained by various cellular mechanisms such as calcium pumps and ion channels.
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What is the formula for the compound iodine trichoride?
Answer:
The formula is CI 3 I. Hope this helps!
Answer:
ICl3.
Explanation: trust me
Please help me with these problems asap
1. The new volume would be approximately 0.082 L. for 2, The new pressure would be approximately 135.7 kPa. for 3, The new temperature would be approximately 223.3 K. for 4, The new temperature would be approximately 377.3 K. for 5, The new volume would be approximately 0.07 L.
1, Given: P₁ = 202 kPa, V₁ (volume)= 100 mL = 0.1 L, T₁ (temperature )= 25°C = 298 K ,P₂ = 250 kPa ,T₂ = 35°C = 308 K
Using the combined gas law formula, one can rearrange it to solve for V₂: V₂ = (P₁V₁T₂) / (P₂T₁)
V₂ = (202 kPa × 0.1 L × 308 K) / (250 kPa × 298 K)
V₂ ≈ 0.082 L
The new volume would be approximately 0.082 L.
2, Given: V₁ = 150 mL = 0.15 L ,T₁ = 100°C = 373 K ,P₁ = 303.9 kPa, T₂ = 50°C = 323 K ,V₂ = 225 mL = 0.225 L
Again, using the combined gas law formula and solving for P₂: P₂ = (P₁V₁T₂) / (V₂T₁)
P₂ = (303.9 kPa × 0.15 L × 323 K) / (0.225 L × 373 K)
P₂ ≈ 135.7 kPa
The new pressure would be approximately 135.7 kPa.
3, Given: V₁ = 500 mL = 0.5 L, T₁ = 0°C = 273 K (STP) ,P₁ = 101.3 kPa (STP) ,V₂ = 0.5 * V₁ = 0.25 L, P₂ = 2 * P₁ = 2 * 101.3 kPa = 202.6 kPa
To determine the new temperature, we rearrange the formula to solve for T₂:
T₂ = (P₂V₂T₁) / (P₁V₁)
T₂ = (202.6 kPa× 0.25 L ×273 K) / (101.3 kPa ×0.5 L)
T₂ ≈ 223.3 K
The new temperature would be approximately 223.3 K.
4, Given: V₁ = 150 mL = 0.15 L, P₁ = 50 kPa ,T₁ = 10°C = 283 K, P₂ = 200 kPa ,V₂ = 200 mL = 0.2 L
Solving for T₂:
T₂ = (P₂V₂T₁) / (P₁V₁)
T₂ = (200 kPa × 0.2 L × 283 K) / (50 kPa ×0.15 L)
T₂ ≈ 377.3 K
The new temperature would be approximately 377.3 K.
5, Given: V₁ = 150 mL = 0.15 L ,T₁ = 100°C = 373 K, P₁ = 500 kPa ,T₂ = 0°C = 273 K (STP) ,P₂ = 101.3 kPa (STP)
To determine the new volume, we rearrange the formula to solve for V₂:
V₂ = (P₁V₁T₂) / (P₂T₁)
V₂ = (500 kPa × 0.15 L × 273 K) / (101.3 kPa × 373 K)
V₂ ≈ 0.07 L
The new volume would be approximately 0.07 L.
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Choose the answer that best describes HCO3^-. a proton donor a bicarbonate ion a weak acid common in the liver
HCO3^- is best described as ao bicarbonate in.
The bicarbonate ion, HCO3^-, consists of one hydrogen atom (H+), one carbon atom (C), and three oxygen atoms (O) bonded together. It is a polyatomic ion that plays a crucial role in various biological and chemical processes. Bicarbonate ions are commonly found in the body and are involved in maintaining acid-base balance, particularly in blood and cellular environments.
In terms of acidity, HCO3^- can act as a weak acid. It has the ability to donate a proton (H+) in certain chemical reactions, contributing to the regulation of pH levels in the body. However, it is important to note that HCO3^- is primarily known as a bicarbonate ion and is more commonly involved in its role as a base rather than an acid.
In summary, HCO3^- is best described as a bicarbonate ion, which is involved in maintaining acid-base balance and acts as a weak acid in specific reactions describes HCO3^-. a proton donor a bicarbonate ion a weak acid common in the liver
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HCO3^- is known as the bicarbonate ion. It acts as a weak acid or a proton donor, assisting with pH regulation in the blood by buffering acid wastes from metabolic processes. It is also involved in respiratory regulation of acid-base balance.
Explanation:HCO3^- is known as bicarbonate ion. It can act as a proton donor, thus making it a weak acid. In the body, bicarbonate ions and carbonic acid exist in a 20:1 ratio, helping to maintain blood pH balance. Bicarbonate ions prevent significant changes in blood pH by capturing free ions. During metabolic processes that release acid wastes such as lactic acid, bicarbonate ions help to buffer the acidity. These ions are even involved in respiratory regulation of acid-base balance, as they are crucial to the balance of acids and bases in the body by regulating the blood levels of carbonic acid. The stronger the acidic substance, the more readily it donates protons (H*). In contrast, bicarbonate is a weak base, meaning that it releases only some hydroxyl ions or absorbs only a few protons. Overall, the bicarbonate ion plays a critical role in various biological reactions and maintaining homeostasis.
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When energy changes from one form to another, some energy is always changed to
ОА.
sound.
ОВ.
heat.
Ос.
light.
OD
electricity
Answer:
OB heat
Explanation:
Hope this helps
During which phase of the moon does a lunar eclipse occur?
A
first quarter
B
full
C
last quarter
D
new
An atom has the following isotopes in the the following abundances. 20 10Z 30% , 19 10Z10% , 18 10Z 60% What is the average atomic mass
The average atomic mass of the atom that has the following isotopes in the following abundances: 20 10Z 30% , 19 10Z10% , 18 10Z 60% is 18.7.
How to calculate average atomic mass?The average atomic mass of an isotopic element is the weighted average of the atomic masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element.
According to this question, the atom has the following isotopes in the following abundances: 20 10Z [30%] = 30/100 × 20 = 6
19 10Z [10%] = 10/100 × 19 = 1.9
18 10Z [60%] = 60/100 × 18 = 10.8
The sum of these masses is the average atomic mass and is calculated as follows:
6 + 1.9 + 10.8 = 18.7
Therefore, the average atomic mass of the atom that has the following isotopes in the following abundances: 20 10Z 30% , 19 10Z10% , 18 10Z 60% is 18.7.
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a line-angle formula shows a ring with six vertices and alternating single and double bonds. a cooh group is attached to the first vertex. a br atom is attached to the third (clockwise) vertex. spell out the full name of the compound.
The compound is named 2,3-dibromo-2,4-hexadienedioic acid, which consists of a six-membered ring with alternating single and double bonds.
The line-angle formula describes a six-membered ring with alternating single and double bonds. To name the compound, we need to consider the functional groups and substituents present.
The carboxylic acid group, -COOH, is attached to the first vertex of the ring. This group is named as "hexanedioic acid" because it contains six carbon atoms in a linear chain. The prefix "hexa-" indicates the presence of six carbons, and the suffix "-dioic acid" denotes the presence of two carboxylic acid groups.
The bromine atom, represented by "Br," is attached to the third vertex in a clockwise direction. Since there are two bromine atoms present, the prefix "di-" is used. Thus, the compound is named "dibromo-hexanedioic acid."
To specify the positions of the bromine atoms, we start numbering the ring from the vertex where the carboxylic acid group is attached, which is the first vertex. Moving clockwise, the second vertex has a double bond, the third vertex has a bromine atom, and the fourth vertex has a double bond. Therefore, the compound is named as "2,3-dibromo-2,4-hexadienedioic acid." The numbers indicate the positions of the substituents in the ring.
In summary, the compound is named 2,3-dibromo-2,4-hexadienedioic acid, which represents a six-membered ring with alternating single and double bonds, a carboxylic acid group attached to the first vertex, and a bromine atom attached to the third vertex in a clockwise direction.
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Explain how the atomic theory was modified from Dalton’s theory to Rutherford’s. Include an explanation of why the theory was modified
Answer:
Thomson's results showed that atoms contain smaller particles, so Dalton's theory had to be modified. Rutherford's results showed that most of an atom is empty space and that the mass is concentrated in the center of the atom.
Explanation:
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Which scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake?
Answer:
The Ritcher scale
Explanation:
It measures the magnitiude of earthquakes on the basis of seismograph oscillations.
Answer:
the Richter scale
Explanation:
CONNECT IT
Relate how a household sponge and water can be used to model
the concept of an unsaturated solution, a saturated solution, and a supersaturated
solution.
The sponge is unsaturated when it is taking in more water. It becomes saturated when it stops taking in water. It is supersaturated when water starts oozing out from the sponge.
A saturated solution contains just as much solute as it normally hold at a particular temperature. An unsaturated solution contains less solute than it can normally hold at a particular temperature. A supersaturated solution contains more solute than it can normally hold at a particular temperature.
We can use a sponge to model these three scenario as follows;
Water continues to enter into the sponge when it is unsaturated, this continues until the sponge becomes saturated with water and takes in no more water. When the sponge becomes supersaturated, water begins to ooze out from the sponge because it can no longer hold more water.
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Calculate the energy of a photon with a frequency of 3.20 x 10^-11 s^-1
Answer:
E = 21.22×10⁻⁴⁵ J
Explanation:
Given data:
Frequency of photon = 3.20×10⁻¹¹ s⁻¹
Energy of photon = ?
Solution:
Formula:
E = h×f
h = plancks constant = 6.63×10⁻³⁴ Js
by putting values,
E = 6.63×10⁻³⁴ Js × 3.20×10⁻¹¹ s⁻¹
E = 21.22×10⁻⁴⁵ J
Which body system includes the heart?
1. Is energy something a system does or something
it has? Explain.
Answer:
it has
Explanation:
energy cannot be made, its always there, it just can be activated to do something.
hope this helps
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If 16.4 kg of Al2O3(s), 56.4 kg of NaOH(l), and 56.4 kg of HF(g) react completely, how many kilograms of cryolite will be produced?
208.29 kg of cryolite will be produced when 16.4 kg of Al₂O₃, 56.4 kg of NaOH, and 56.4 kg of HF react completely. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Al₂O₃, NaOH, and HF to produce cryolite is:
2 Al₂O₃+ 6 NaOH + 12 HF → 2 Na₃AlF₆ + 9 H₂O
According to the equation, 2 moles of Al₂O₃ react with 6 moles of NaOH and 12 moles of HF to produce 2 moles of cryolite and 9 moles of water.
To calculate the amount of cryolite produced, we need to first convert the given masses of Al₂O₃ , NaOH, and HF to moles by dividing each mass by their respective molar mass. Then, we can use the mole ratios from the balanced equation to determine the number of moles of cryolite produced.
16.4 kg of Al₂O₃ is equal to 0.1 moles
56.4 kg of NaOH is equal to 1.41 moles
56.4 kg of HF is equal to 1.8 moles
From the balanced equation, we can see that 2 moles of Al₂O₃ reacts to produce 2 moles of cryolite. Therefore, 0.1 moles of Al₂O₃ will produce 0.1 moles of cryolite.
Using the mole ratios from the balanced equation, we find that 1.41 moles of NaOH and 1.8 moles of HF react to produce 2 moles of cryolite. Therefore, the limiting reagent is NaOH, and only 1.41 moles of cryolite will be produced.
Finally, we can convert the number of moles of cryolite to its mass by multiplying it by its molar mass:
1.41 moles of cryolite is equal to 208.29 kg of cryolite.
Therefore, 208.29 kg of cryolite will be produced when 16.4 kg of Al₂O₃, 56.4 kg of NaOH, and 56.4 kg of HF react completely.
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Calculate the standard reaction enthalpy for the reaction below:
3Fe2O3(s) → 2Fe3O4(s) + ½O2(g)
The standard reaction enthalpy for the given reaction is +235.8 kJ/mol.
What is the standard reaction enthalpy of reaction?The standard reaction enthalpy (ΔH°) for the given reaction is determined as follows:
Equation of reaction: 3 Fe₂O₃ (s) → 2 Fe₃O₄ (s) + ½ O₂ (g)
The standard enthalpy of formation values for Fe₂O₃ (s), Fe₃O₄(s), and O₂(g) is used to calculate the standard reaction enthalpy.
ΔH° = [2 × ΔH°f(Fe₂O₃)] + [½ × ΔH°f(O₂)] - [3 × ΔH°f(Fe₃O₄)]
where;
ΔH°f(Fe₂O₃) = -824.2 kJ/mol
ΔH°f(Fe₃O₄) = -1118.4 kJ/mol
ΔH°f(O₂) = 0 kJ/mol
ΔH° = [2 × (-1118.4 kJ/mol)] + [½ × 0 kJ/mol] - [3 × (-824.2 kJ/mol)]
ΔH° = -2236.8 kJ/mol + 0 kJ/mol + 2472.6 kJ/mol
ΔH° = 235.8 kJ/mol
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Which of an atom's electrons are involved in chemical reactions?
a. The electrons farthest from the nucleus of the atom
b. The electrons that make one isotope different from another
c. The electrons that determine the atomic number of the atom
d. The electrons closest to the nucleus of the atom
Answer:
A is the correct answer
Answer:
A. The electrons farthest from the nucleus of the atom
Explanation:
1. How much heat is needed to change 250.0 grams of water at 80°C to steam at 100°C? The specific heat
of water is 4.18 J/(g°C). Show all work and label your answer with the appropriate unit.
I don’t get how to apply the formula or how I am supposed to label the units
Formula is:
Q=mass•CP•change in temperature
The amount of heat that is needed to change 250.0 grams of water at 80°C to steam at 100°C is 20900 J of heat.
What is the amount of heat required?Heat change is the amount of heat that must be added or that is evolved when a particular change occurs in a substance.
The amount of heat required is determined from the formula of heat given below as follows:
Heat change = mass * specific heat capacity * temperature change
Heat required = 250 * 4.18 * (100 - 80)
Hee=at required = 20900 J
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The diagrams below represent the four states of matter.
A number of blue balls are loosely packed in a container. A number of yellow balls are randomly distributed in a container.
Diagram 1 Diagram 2
A number of red balls are tightly and neatly packed in a container. A number of balls are positioned randomly in a container. Some are pink and labeled with a plus sign and some are blue and labeled with a minus sign.
Diagram 3 Diagram 4
Which diagram represents a gas that has been ionized?
diagram 1
diagram 2
diagram 3
Answer: Diagram 4
Explanation: Diagram 1 represents a state in which particles are closely packed , thus cannot be a representation of gas.
Diagram 2 represents a state in which particles are loosely packed , thus can be a representation of gas.
Diagram 3 represents a state in which particles are closely packed , thus can be a representation of a solid.
Diagram 4 represents a state in which particles are loosely packed , thus can be a representation of gas. It also represents the particles in ionized form. Particles are existing as ions bearing positive and negative charges.
Explanation:
Answer:
D
Explanation:
the solubility of oxygen gas in water at 40 ∘c is 1.0 mmol/l of solution. what is this concentration in units of mole fraction?
The concentration in units of mole fraction is calculated to be 1.80 × 10⁻⁵ when the solubility of oxygen gas in water at 40° C is 1.0 mmol/l of solution.
In the 1 Liter of a solution, the solubility of 1.0 mmol/L can be written as:
= 0.001 mol of oxygen.
However, the moles of water in 1L can be calculated as follows;
We know that 1 L of water = 1000 mL of water.
Lets assume that the density of the water is 1.0 g/mL
density = mass/volume
Making mass the subject of the formula:
Mass = density × volume
Mass = 1.0 g/mL× 1000 mL
Mass of water = 1000 g
number of moles = mass(g)/molar mass
Given the number of moles of water are 1000 g/ 18.02 g/mol
Given the number of moles of water are 55.49 moles
Mole Fraction of oxygen = no. of moles/ total no. of moles in the system
Mole Fraction of oxygen= 0.001 moles/55.49 moles
mole fraction of oxygen = 1.80 × 10⁻⁵.
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PLEASE HELP FAST !
Calculate the mass in grams of each of the following . 2.0•10^23 gold atoms 1.5•10^23 lead atoms 7.9•10^21 uranium atoms
Answer:
2.0 x 10²³ atoms Au = 65.4g
1.5 x 10²³ atoms Pb = 51.6g
7.9 x 10²¹ atoms U = 3.1g
Explanation:
We want to convert each to grams.
We can use dimensional analysis to do so.
Kindly view the attached image for work.
1.) 2.0 x 10²³ atoms Au
Needed conversions:
1 mole = 6.022 x 10²³ atoms 1 mole of Au = 196.966gMath: (2.0x10²³atoms)/(6.022x10²³atoms) x 196.966g = 65.4g
2.) 1.5 x 10²³ atoms lead
Needed conversions:
1 mole = 6.022 x 10²³1 mole Au = 207.2gMath: (1.5x10²³atoms)/(6.022x10²³atoms) x 207.2g = 51.6g
3.) 7.9 x 10²¹ atoms U
Needed conversions:
1 mole = 6.022 x 10²³ atoms1 mole = 238.029gMath: (7.9x10²¹atoms)/(6.022x10²³atoms) x 238.029g = 3.1g