Conduction and refractory periods (states) are typical of _______. A. action potentials B. graded hyperpolarizations C. excitatory postsynaptic potentials D. threshold potentials

Answers

Answer 1

The correct answer for this question is Action Potentials.

What is action potential?

An action potential is a recognizable pattern of fast voltage or membrane potential rise and fall across a cell membrane. A voltage response in a cell membrane must be initiated by sufficient current; if the current is insufficient to depolarize the membrane to the threshold level, an action potential won't fire. Neurons and muscle cells are two types of cells that communicate by way of action potentials.

The interval after an action potential is created during which the excitable cell is unable to generate another action potential is known as the refractory period. This epoch is divided into two subphases: absolute and relative refractoriness. Depolarization and around two-thirds of the repolarization phase are overlapped by absolute refractoriness.

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Related Questions

An organic valley advertisement for a new protein shake features a young woman on the go. It prominently displays the protein grams per serving on the label, suggesting that this shake is the quick and easy solution to a healthy, morning meal. Which type of appeal is this ad using?.

Answers

The ad is using Rational type of appeal.

What is Rational appeal?

Rational appeals use logic, facts, and data to convince consumers to buy products, and are often found in advertisements for medications, cookware, and cleaning products. They focus on the consumers practical, functional need and utility for the product or service.

The rational appeal is one of many advertising strategies used by marketers to persuade people to buy products, pay for services, donate to causes, or be persuaded. This appeal aims to win over the audiences into buying something or taking a certain action by addressing their rational side and using logic.

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what are the major groups of animals and how to they differ

Answers

There are many living things in the world. To keep them simple and easier to remember, the scientists had identify many groups of animals. The six main groups are: invertebrates, mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles and fish.

Which is needed to obtain DNA from a crime scene or an individual?


Which is needed to obtain DNA from a crime scene or an individual?


clothing fibers


fingerprints


pedigree analysis


cells

Answers

To obtain DNA from a crime scene or an individual, the key requirement is cells.

Clothing fibers, fingerprints, and pedigree analysis are not directly related to the collection or extraction of DNA. DNA, the genetic material, is contained within cells of an individual's body.

Therefore, to obtain DNA, one needs a sample that contains viable cells. This can include various biological materials like blood, saliva, hair follicles with the root, skin cells, or semen.

These samples are collected using appropriate forensic techniques and then subjected to DNA extraction processes to isolate and analyze the genetic material.

Through DNA analysis, forensic investigators can establish links between individuals, identify suspects, or provide evidence in criminal investigations.

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if there are twelve different intermediate products produced in the stages of a metabolic pathway within a cell, we can estimate that there are:

Answers

There are roughly 12 enzymes, one of which is in charge of each step in the metabolic pathway.

Coenzymes are the name given to these group-transfer intermediates. Each type of group-transfer processes is carried out by a specific coenzyme, which serves as both the substrate and the final product of a pair of enzymes. As a result, these coenzymes are continuously produced, used, and recycled.

End-product inhibition is a mechanism that frequently controls the activity of enzymes at the junctions of metabolic pathways. One of the byproducts of a divergent pathway inhibits the path leading to the production of this inhibitor, which is a type of negative feedback inhibition.

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The tendency of water molecules to stay close to each other as a result of hydrogen bonding causes all of the following except

the surface tension that allows leaves to float on water
the movement of water up the vessels in a tree trunk
the inability of ionic compounds to dissolve in water
the adhesion of water droplets to the side of a straw

Which of the following effects is produced by the cohesive properties of water molecules?

Lakes do not freeze solid in winter, even at below freezing temperatures.
Evaporation of water from a leaf's surface lowers the temperature of the leaf.
Water flows upward from a plant's roots to the leaves in narrow tubes.
Cells resist temperature changes, even as their internal processes give off heat.

Answers

Answer:

The tendency of water molecules to stay close to each other as a result of hydrogen bonding causes all of the following EXCEPT - the surface tension that allows leaves to float on water -the movement of water up the vessels in a tree trunk -the inability of ionic compounds to dissolve in water -the adhesion of water

Explanation: P.S. I love your name hehe. Is he your favorite character??

hello ı am esma.How old are you.
I am from turkey.where are you from?​

Answers

Answer:

where do you want

Explanation:

tell the all people special place

Answer: hello. I'm Kayla. I'm 13. I'm from PA of the U.S.A. :3

HELP I NEED HELP ASAP
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How can urbanization affect a local area?

A. It can increase the number of invasive species in an area.
B. It can decrease the risk of water pollution in an area.
C. It can decrease the available habitats for wildlife in an area.
D. It can decrease the need for natural resources in an area.

Answers

Answer:

C. It can decrease the available habitats for wildlife in an area.

C.It can decrease the available habitats for wildlife in an area.

What is the purpose of pain?​

Answers

Yo! Bakugo here!

Pain serves as an alert to potential or actual damage to the body. The definition for damage is quite broad; pain can arise from injury as well as disease. Pain that acts as a warning is called productive pain.

Hope this helps!!

Simply put, pain alerts us to the possibility of tissue damage or the presence of an injury.

What is injury?

Damage, harm, hurt, impair, and mar are a few popular words that are synonyms for injure.

All of these verbs mean "to effect injuriously," but the term "injure" connotes the infliction of harm to one's success, comfort, or success. severely hurt in an accident.

A framework states that injuries are caused by a variety of human variables. physical and social surroundings are influenced by agent, vehicle, and energy (like heat).

Simply defined, pain warns us when there may be an injury or potential tissue damage.

This can be physical or chemical, visible or invisible, occurring inside or outside the nervous system. Pain is the body's alert system, regardless of the fact that its characteristics may vary.

Thus, this is the purpose of pain.

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Which characteristic would be most useful in determining if a cell is a plant cell?

Answers

Answer:

cell wall

Explanation:

The answer is a cell wall

microtubules start at the centrosome and then connect to the kinetochores, which are structures at the central region of chromosomes

Answers

Microtubules start at the centrosome and then connect to the kinetochores, which are structures at the central region of chromosomes. The centrosome is the main microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in most animal cells, whereas plant cells lack a typical centrosome.

The two spindle poles are the central region of a chromosome where a kinetochore is connected. Microtubules are a type of cytoskeletal protein filament that plays a crucial role in the mechanics of cell division.

Microtubules, together with actin and intermediate filaments, form the cytoskeleton, which is the structural framework of the cell. Microtubules also transport vesicles and organelles, support cell shape, and mediate cell signaling.

They are also crucial in cell division, serving as a framework for the mitotic spindle, a structure that segregates chromosomes during cell division.

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Name an item you might be able to reuse in a new way rather than throw it in the trash, and explain its new use.

Answers

Answer: plastic bag and use it to carry things.

Explanation:

Brainliest

Explanation:

You ca take pollution like all types of plastic ans reuse it ti make braceletes ot necklaces and lots of other things.

Having an alteration of generation life cycle means that….

Answers

Answer: the ecosystem is balanced.

Explanation:

Because of temperature increases caused by global warming, identify the pattern of shift many North American animal and insect species are experiencing.

A.
ranges and niches are moving farther West

B.
ranges and niches are moving farther East

C.
ranges and niches are moving farther North

D.
ranges and niches are moving in all

Answers

Answer: C. Ranges and niches are moving farther North

Explanation:

Animals are moving north toward the North Pole to escape the heat. Towards the poles, the temperatures get colder. Because of global warming, the temperature zones move out towards the poles.

Which macronutrient takes the most energy to burn?.

Answers

Carbohydrates take the most energy to burn, requiring approximately four calories of energy to burn one gram of carbohydrate.

Here, correct option is C.

This is due to the fact that carbohydrates contain the most bonds and are therefore the most complex of the macronutrients. When carbohydrates are broken down into their simplest forms, they contain the most energy of all the macronutrients. This means it requires more energy to break down the bonds in carbohydrates than it does in proteins or fats.

This is why carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for the body and why they must be included in a balanced diet. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is then used by cells to produce energy. The body then uses this energy for activities such as breathing, thinking, and physical activity. Without carbohydrates, the body would be unable to perform these activities.

Here, correct option is C.

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complete question is :

Which macronutrient takes the most energy to burn?.

A. Fats

B. Protein

C. Carbohydrates

D. None

why is taking action for global warming important? please help

Answers

Answer: Global warming will cause significant harm to the health of persons and their communities by compromising food and water supplies; increasing risks of morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases and heat stress; changing social determinants of health resulting from extreme weather events, rising sea levels,

Cells that act as gatekeepers that permit materials to pass to the neurons of the brain from the capillaries are called.

Answers

Answer:

OLM alpha 2 cells would be the answer.

Cells that act as gatekeepers that permit materials to pass to the neurons of the brain from the capillaries are called astrocytes.

What are astrocytes?

Astrocytes are specialized glial cells that exceeds the number neurons by a factor of more than five.

They tile the entire central nervous system and perform a variety of essential complex functions in a healthy central nervous system.

Astrocytes not only control blood flow, but they also transport mitochondria to neurons and provide the building blocks for neurotransmitters, which fuel neuronal metabolism.

Furthermore, astrocytes have the ability to phagocytoze synapses, alter neurotrophin secretion, and clear debris.

Astrocytes can produce a strong antioxidant response to protect themselves and neurons by releasing glutathione precursors to neurons.

Because of their role in scar formation, astrocytes can regulate and contain immune responses, thereby controlling neuroinflammation.

Thus, the answer is astrocytes.

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3. Which of the following structures and processes can exist in both prokaryotes and
eukaryotes?
Nuclear lamina
1.
II.
Ribosomes
III.
IV.
V.
Exons
ATP synthesis
Cell membrane
RNA polymerase
Centriole
Nucleoid
VL
VII.
VIII.
A. I, II, IV, VII
B. II, IV, V, VI
C. 1, III, VII, VI
D. III, V, VI, VII​

Answers

Cytoplasm can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The cytoplasm is not a membrane-bound organelle within the cell, but a fluid compartment that provides support to the cell and is the site of many metabolic reactions. The cytoplasm is largely composed of water.

1–11. Elizabeth H. Harris. Summary. I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. ... Methods for Introducing DNA into the Nuclear Genome of C. reinhardtii ... Johnson (1995) have proposed that the cell division.

what is the effect over and under secretion of the pituitary gland and thyroid gland​

Answers

The function of pituitary gland is;

To control all other glands and their secretion amount.It has 3 parts, anterior lobe, mid lobe & posterior lobe.

Am given just a brief detail about these three;

Anterior lobe: It controls growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, leuteinzing & follicle stimulating hormone.Mid lobe: Controls melanocyte stimulating hormone.Posterior lobe: Vasopressin hormone & oxytocin.

The function of thyroid gland are as follows;

This gland has two lobs and obviously these 2 lobs contains two different hormone, these are;

Thyroxine: Its main function is to control the metabolice rate of the different organs and tissues.Calcitonin: Whenever, the concentration of calcium is high in the blood, it moves calcium from blood to bone & it forbiddens the reabsorption of calcium in renal tubular.

Which of the following best explains how carbon dioxide is produced in the sample containers?
A. Through photosynthesis in the chloroplasts
B. Through photosynthesis in the mitochondria
C. Through cellular respiration in the chloroplasts
D. Through cellular respiration in the mitochondria

Answers

A. Through photosynthesis in the chloroplasts

Fill in the blank...

Question: Matter____ ecosystems.

Options:
A. flows out
B. is found only in
C. stays in the same parts of
D. cycles around​

Answers

The answer is D. it cycles around

All of the following are characteristics of cancer cells EXCEPT:O They express oncogenes O They do not observe the Hayflick limit O They lack tumor suppressors O They do not enter O They generally have normal karyotypes »

Answers

Aneuploidy is a common characteristic of cancer cells, which often have complicated karyotypes with both structural and numerical alterations. therefore, option e is the right choice.

Cancer is a condition when a few of the body's cells grow out of control and spread to other bodily regions.

In the millions of cells that make up the human body, cancer can develop practically anywhere. Human cells typically expand and divide to create new cells as the body requires them. New cells replace old ones when they die as a result of ageing or damage.

Proto-oncogenes, tumour suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes are the three primary gene groups that are typically impacted by the genetic alterations that cause cancer. These modifications are commonly referred to as cancer's "drivers."

Genes that decrease tumours are also involved in regulating cell division and proliferation. Certain tumour suppressor gene mutations can cause cells to divide uncontrollably.

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The _________ provide passageways for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column and travel to other parts of the body.

Answers

The vertebral foreman provide passageways for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column and travel to other parts of the body. That begins at cervical vertebra and continues inferior to lumbar vertebra.

The opening of vertebra that is formed by neural arch and back portion of vertebral body and through which the spinal cord passes. The inter vertebral foreman is the opening between every two vertebrae where the nerve roots exits the spine.  

These nerve roots are travel through the  foreman to reach the rest of the body . There are also two neural foramina between each pair of vertebrae one on each side of the spinal cord.

Therefore, the vertebral foreman provide passageways for spinal nerves to exit the vertebral column and travel to other parts of the body. That begins at cervical vertebra and continues inferior to lumbar vertebra.

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If you traveled East through time zone what would the time difference be

I’ll give brainliest

Answers

Answer:

Explanation: If you travel east across the time zone you will gain time.

Which of the following is the original source of coal?swamp plantsplankton and algaesea plantsVolcanic activity

Answers

A coal is a combustible black (or brownish-black) sedimentary rock. It's formed when dead plant matter (including ferns, bark, leaves, trees, roots, etc.) submerged in swamp environments is under the forces of heat and pressure for millions of years. Therefore, the correct answer is swamp plants.

list three major biological functions of triacylglycerols

Answers

Triglycerides, cholesterol, and other critical fatty acids—what the medical community refers to as fats that the body cannot produce on its own—store energy, keep us warm, and safeguard our vital organs. They serve as messengers, facilitating the work that proteins do.

What role do triacylglycerols play in biology?

Abstract. Due to their high energy density, triacylglycerols (TAGs) are the primary energy storage resource in mammals. Their hydrophobicity and substantially reduced state both play a role in this.

Quiz: What are the main roles of triglycerides in the body?

Triglycerides serve a variety of purposes, including the storage of energy, cushioning, thermal insulation, joining of organs, and absorption of some vitamins. Phospholipids play a role in the construction of cell membranes, the breakdown of fats, and the myelin sheaths that surround neurons in the body.

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which structure in the figure would most likely be used to form muscles and connective tissue​

Answers

Connective tissue is found in bones and muscles. Sheets and fibres of muscle cells are braided together to form muscular tissue.

Why is connective tissue important?

Muscle is a distinct type of tissue found in animals that, when triggered, contracts to exert forces on various body parts. These sheets and fibres are collectively referred to as muscles, and they control both the movement of an organism as well as several other contractile functions.

Animals have one of three types of muscle, each adapted to a certain function. These muscles are similar in structure and function, despite slight variations. Muscle tissue is usually connected by the same nerve bundles and serves a single purpose.

Therefore, connective tissue is found in bones and muscles. Sheets and fibres of muscle cells are braided together to form muscular tissue.

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Explain what each of the parts of the taxonomic designation Acer rubrum (L.) indicates, and what other taxonomic
information could be added if all the classification elements were used, rather than only three.

Answers

Acer rubrum (L.) is comprised of the generic name 'Acer', the species name 'rubrum'. The 'L' stands for "Linnaeus".

Scientific names

Scientific names are composed of two different parts: the genus name and the species name in Latin (it is a specific epithet).

Sometimes another word is added after the genus and species name, which indicates the name of the person that described the species.

This word may be sometimes abbreviated, for example, "L" stands for "Linnaeus".

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Colon cancer is caused by the accumulation of multiple gene mutations that result in uncontrolled cell division and growth. Arrange the steps of colon cancer progression

Answers

Colon cancer is caused by the accumulation of multiple gene mutations that result in uncontrolled cell division and growth as they are all arranged are colon tissues.

What is  APC gene?

The APC gene is a tumor suppressor gene; it usually allows preserve cell increase in check. In humans with inherited modifications withinside the APC gene, this “brake” on cell increase is became off, inflicting loads of polyps to shape withinside the colon. Over time, most cancers will almost continually expand in a single or greater of those polyps.

Colon tissue is to begin with healthy.Polyps or early adenomas are fashioned with the aid of using mutations in APC.Late adenomas are fashioned with the aid of using the inactivation of DCC and Smad4.Colon most cancers invades neighboring tissues.Adenocarcinomas end up metastatic with the aid of using unknown mutations.Adenocarcinomas are generated with the aid of using mutations in p53.Intermediate adenomas are with the aid of using mutations.

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When the axon is at rest, the inside of the neuron has a charge that is 70 millivolts more negative than the outside. This difference will continue as long as ___________.

Answers

This difference will continue as long as the axon is at rest. Generally, the resting potential in neurons is −70 mV.

What is resting potential?

The resting potential is the electrical potential of a neuron when it is involved in the passage of a given stimulus.

This value (resting potential) depends on ion concentration on both sides of the plasma membrane.

The resing potential may change due to the presence of specific proteins called carriers that transport ions to both sides of the plasma membrane.

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Which process most likely enabled the formation of the early protists?

Answers

Answer:

endosymbiosis.

Explanation:

By the beginning of the 20th century, researchers thought that plastids and mitochondria could come from bacteria. These would have been ingested by primitive cells and live within them in symbiosis.

Answer:

endosymbiosis

Explanation:

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