a) lipopolysaccharides or endotoxins, derived from the cell walls of gram-negative pathogenic microorganisms, are toxic to human tissue and cause inflammation and destruction of the periodontal attachment. b) endotoxins are embedded in the cemental surface and in the superficial biofilm and cannot be removed readily. group of answer choices statement a is true and statement b is false. statement a is false and statement b is true. both statements are true. both statements are false.
Answers
The first is true and the second is false. Diavalent cations that raise the overall negative charge endotoxin of the membrane stabilise LPS, the main glycolipid of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria.
Three sections comprise the LPS: The O-antigen polysaccharide, which is attached to the core oligosaccharide and is in direct touch with the external environment, is anchored to the outer membrane by lipid A, which is also responsible for imparting and maintaining membrane integrity. When the biofilm was exposed to a 1% SDS solution, more endotoxin was collected. The recovery and quantification of biofilm bacterial endotoxins on implanted and colonised medical equipment should be possible using the sensitive and repeatable technology we have devised. Additionally, there were enough endotoxin units (more than 1000 endotoxin \(\frac{units}{cm^{2} }\)) to.
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Related Questions
which feature of suture lines in the skull creates a stronger joint?
Answers
The parietal and temporal bones' expansion junction is the squamous suture. The sutures allow the skull to develop and grow as the baby's brain develops during infancy
What is the significance of the squamous suture?
The parietal and temporal bones' expansion junction is the squamous suture. The sutures allow the skull to develop and grow as the baby's brain develops during infancy. Your infant's brain would begin to press up against the hard bones if the skull was unable to expand during infancy. Increased brain pressure and potential brain damage would result from this.
The squamous suture could prematurely fuse, leading to the bones joining and hardening. The term "craniosynostosis" refers to this disorder. Squamous craniosynostosis is a rare condition that can be linked to a hereditary issue.
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"Compare the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens to a typical eruption of Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano.
Both eruptions are violent blasts capable of destroying about half a kilometer of mountain in height and of ejecting nearly a cubic kilometer of ash and rock debris. Eruptions of Kilauea occur more frequently, so the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory is placed near Kilauea.
The eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 was an outpouring of fluid lava from the volcano's vent accompanied by ejection of nearly a hundred cubic meters of volcanic gases with some ash, and is marked because St. Helens does not erupt frequently. Typical eruptions of Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano do not include explosions at all; they are just outpourings of fluid lava from the volcano's vent, so the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory have operated at Kilauea's summit for more than 100 years.
A blast, capable of destroying about half a kilometer of mountain in height and of ejecting nearly a cubic kilometer of ash and rock debris, occurred in 1980 at Mount St. Helens. Typical eruptions of Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano do not include explosions at all; they are just outpourings of fluid lava from the volcano's vent, so the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory have operated at Kilauea's summit for more than 100 years.
Both eruptions are just outpourings of fluid lava from the volcano's vent without explosions and debris ejection. Eruptions of Kilauea occur more frequently, so the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory is placed near Kilauea.
The eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 was not explosive at all; it was just an outpouring of fluid lava from the volcano's vent, and is marked because St. Helens does not erupt frequently. Typical eruptions of Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano include explosions capable of lowering the volcano's summit and ejecting hundreds of cubic meters of ash and rock debris. Because of that difference in power, the Hawaiian"
Answers
The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens was a violent explosion that ejected a large amount of ash and rock debris, while a typical eruption of Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano is a non-explosive outpouring of fluid lava from the volcano's vent.
The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens was a highly explosive event that released a massive amount of energy and caused widespread destruction in the surrounding area. The eruption involved a vertical blast that ejected a large amount of ash and rock debris, as well as a lateral blast that triggered a devastating landslide. In contrast, a typical eruption of Hawaii's Kilauea Volcano is a relatively quiet event that involves the outpouring of fluid lava from the volcano's vent. These eruptions are not typically associated with explosions or the ejection of large amounts of debris.
The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory has been operating near Kilauea's summit for over 100 years because the volcano erupts frequently and provides an opportunity to study volcanic processes over a long period of time. In contrast, Mount St. Helens does not erupt frequently and was not as well monitored before the 1980 eruption. Overall, the eruptions of Mount St. Helens and Kilauea are very different in terms of their explosiveness, frequency, and associated hazards.
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How does carbon affect the rate of heating(melting )of ice
Answers
Answer:
In the process, the carbon dioxide bonds with, then breaks with, a lot of molecules of water. These broken water molecules weaken the ice and make it more brittle.
Explanation:
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6. Overall, do you think your diet provides your body with all of the nutrients needed to be healthy and strong? Use information from the pyramid to support your answer. Think about your diet for the last few days and compare it to the foods listed in the pyramid. (2 points)
Answers
The assessing your diet based on the food pyramid can provide a general idea of whether you are consuming a balanced and nutritious diet However, for a more accurate assessment and personalized advice, it is best to consult with a healthcare professional.
As an AI language model, I don't have a physical body or personal experiences, so I don't have a personal diet to analyze.
However, I can provide some general information and insights based on the food pyramid to help you evaluate your own diet.
The food pyramid is a visual representation of the recommended proportions and types of foods that should be consumed to maintain a healthy diet.
It emphasizes a balanced intake of different food groups to ensure an adequate supply of essential nutrients.
To determine if your diet provides your body with all the necessary nutrients, you can compare your recent eating habits to the food groups in the pyramid.
Evaluate the variety and quantity of foods you have consumed from each group.
For example, the food pyramid typically includes grains, fruits, vegetables, protein sources (such as meat, fish, legumes), dairy products, and fats/oils.
Each of these groups contributes different nutrients to support overall health and well-being.
If you have been including a wide range of foods from each group in your diet, it suggests that you are likely obtaining a good balance of nutrients.
However, if you notice a lack of variety or an excessive focus on a particular group, it may indicate a potential nutrient deficiency or an imbalance.
It is important to remember that individual nutrient needs can vary based on factors such as age, sex, activity level, and specific health conditions. It is always advisable to consult with a registered dietitian or healthcare professional for personalized dietary recommendations tailored to your specific needs and goals.
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the half-life of a pesticide determines its persistence in the environment. a common pesticide degrades in a first-order process with a half-life of 4 days. what fraction (in decimal notation) of the pesticide remains in the environment after 10 days? enter to 4 decimal places.\
Answers
the half-life of a pesticide determines its persistence in the environment. a common pesticide degrades in a first-order process with a half-life of 4 days. 0.176 fraction (in decimal notation) of the pesticide remains in the environment after 10 days, enter to 4 decimal places.\
No of half lifes (n) = total time / half life
n= 10/4 = 2.5
Amount of pesticide remains = Ao(1/2)n
Ao is the initial amount
Amount left = Ao(1/2)2.5= Ao(00176)= 0.176 Ao
If we assume Ao=1
Then Amount left = 0.176
A chemical substance's ability to exert negative effects and travel to distant areas can be enhanced by its environmental persistence, which is a crucial feature. The pace of biological and chemical processes, such as photolysis, atmospheric oxidation, hydrolysis, and biodegradation, that remove organic substances from the environment determines how long they remain in the environment.
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The bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis is insect resistant. What process could be used to give this insect resistance to corn?
Answers
Answer: Genes from Bt can be inserted into crop plants
Explanation: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a soil bacterium that produces insecticidal toxins. Genes from Bt can be inserted into crop plants to make them capable of producing an insecticidal toxins and therefore resistant to certain pests. Corn hybrids with one or more Bt genes (Bt corn) are resistant to some important pests.
A sequence of DNA that codes for a protein has a substitution mutation. The new codon codes for the same amino acid as the wild-type DNA. What is the most likely effect of the mutation?
Answers
Answer:
There will be no effect of the mutation
Explanation:
Because the mutation codes for the same amino acid, there is no effect
How do scientists know dark energy exists?
Answers
Answer:
they just asked it
Explanation:
yep
The course policy states that work turned in late will be marked down a grade. i turned in my report a day late, so it was marked down from b to c
Answers
According to the course policy, late submissions will result in a lower grade. My report was submitted one day after the deadline, so it received a C instead of a B.
About PolicyPolicy is a series of concepts and principles that serve as guidelines and basis for planning in the implementation of a job, leadership, and a person's way of acting. The term can be applied to governments, private sector organizations and groups, as well as individuals. Policies differ from rules and laws.
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false or true ??????????
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation:
Answer:
true
Explanation:
hello everyone
9. Various products of glutamine metabolism independently modulate the glutamine synthetase
of E. coli as shown. In this concerted inhibition, the extent of enzyme inhibition is greater than
the sum of the separate inhibitions caused by each product. For E. coli grown in a medium rich in
histidine, what is the advantage of concerted inhibition?
A) High concentrations of histidine promote the synthesis of AMP and CTP.
B) Glutamine synthetase is not completely inhibited by high histidine concentrations.
C) High histidine concentrations cause glutamine to become the main cellular nitrogen sink.
D) Histidine can be used to synthesize other products of glutamine metabolism such
as tryptophan.
Answers
A) Neurohormones cause or prevent the release of anterior pituitary gland hormones into capillaries, which drain into the general circulation B) The neurohormones then travel via the hypothalamo-pituitary portal veins. C) Some storage neurons send their axons to capillaries, where they release their neurotransmitters. D) Neurohormones leave the blood and bind receptors on endocrine cells in the anterior pituitary gland.
Concerted inhibition of glutamine synthetase by various products of glutamine metabolism ensures that glutamine is efficiently channeled towards the biosynthesis of specific nitrogen-containing compounds, such as histidine, in conditions where it is abundant. This allows the cell to optimize the use of available nitrogen resources and prevent wasteful accumulation of excess glutamine.
In E. coli grown in a medium rich in histidine, the high concentration of histidine would promote its synthesis from glutamine, making glutamine the main cellular nitrogen sink. This would lead to a buildup of glutamine in the cell, which can be detrimental to cell growth and metabolism. However, the concerted inhibition of glutamine synthetase by various products of glutamine metabolism ensures that the excess glutamine is efficiently channeled towards the biosynthesis of other nitrogen-containing compounds, such as nucleotides and amino acids, thus preventing the buildup of glutamine and optimizing nitrogen resource utilization.
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On your whiteboard, and without the help of your textbook or the internet, sketch what a cell looks like. Draw whatever you can remember about a cell and label it.
Answers
To draw a cell we have to consider that they are formed by different organelles and structures. Between plant and animals cells those structures share similitudes and differences in terms of whether they are present or not. One of the main differences between these two kinds of cells is the cell wall present in plant cells, and the absence in animal cells, which gives a rigid aspect to the former ones, with respect to the latter.
We can notice that there are evident differences, like the presence of centrioles in animal cells, and the presence of chloroplast in plant cells. In plants, we can also find large vacuoles than in animal cells.
A kitten might have genes for poor vision, but it could learn to...
Answers
Answer:
improve its eye power
Explanation:
I really dont know, but I think its correct
What is not a component of eukaryotic transcriptional regulation? group of answer choices
Answers
A) Chromatin structure
B) Cis-acting DNA sequences
C) Nucleosome remodeling
D) Ribosomal binding affinity to mRNA
E) Transcription factor binding to enhancer element
Choice D Ribosomal binding affinity to mRNA is not a mechanism for controlling transcription. The remaining possibilities are all various transcriptional regulatory systems.
because transcription comes after ribosome binding. As a result, transcription is not regulated by the ribosome's affinity for mRNA. However, it is a translational rule. In eukaryotes, the ribosome binds to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence. Only affinities matter here. The synthesis of proteins varies depending on the affinities. However, it plays no part in the level of transcriptional regulation.
Changes in chromatin structure control how genes are transcribed. Because phosphate groups have a negative charge, DNA is negatively charged. Because these proteins include positively charged amino acids like arginine and lysine, histones are positive charge proteins. Thus, positive and negative charges will attract and create the structure of the chromatin. The positive charge on the histones is thus neutralized by changes including acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination on the histone tail, which causes the DNA in this area to unravel so that Polymerase can quickly bind and transcription to start. Transcription is inhibited by some modifications. As a result, transcription can be regulated by chromatin structure.
Cis-DNA acting elements are those that share a regulatory sequence with the gene, putting them close to the promoter where they can control transcription. These elements are recognized by transcription factors, who work with the polymerase to control transcription.
An further method of controlling transcription is the nucleosomal remodeling complex. The nucleosome can be removed from the promoter sequence in an ATP-dependent manner by remodeling complexes like SWI/SFI. It will enable polymerase to access it. As a result, it is also a method for controlling transcription.
Either a cis- or trans-acting enhancer element. Enhancers are often located thousands of base pairs before the promoter sequence. They create a loop to engage with polymerase or transcriptional factors. These enhancer elements generate loops that control transcription and are identified by certain factors.
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why can you catch a cold or flu more than once
Answers
The flu and the cold are diseases that usually present in mild symptoms, but to be able to say why we can catch them more than once, we need to know that.....
Flu
Influenza, is a viral infection of the respiratory system. It is caused by the Influenza virus, which can be type A or B. It is mainly characterized by a picture of symptoms that leaves the person feeling very down and tired, causing a lot of discomfort.
Cold
Cold is and how it differs from the flu. To begin with, it is worth noting that it is also a viral respiratory infection. The difference between a cold and the flu is that it can be caused by other types of viruses, such as the more frequent Rhinovirus and Parainfluenza.
Can I have the flu or a cold more than once?The good news is: no, you can't. The bad news is, there are a lot of viruses and germs flying around this time of year, and instead of catching the same one, you have a high chance of catching another.
The body's immune system recognizes and fights off germs, such as viruses that have invaded your blood, the viruses that cause the flu can change each year, so even if you've had the flu recently, it's recommended that you get a vaccine that matches the new viruses that may be circulating each year. Because the flu is caused by several viruses, the immunity you naturally develop after infection will only protect you against that type, so you can catch it from another one as well.
With this information, we can conclude that, we can have flu and cold more than once, because we will be in contact with many viruses that cause the flu and the cold.
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Increasing the I concentrations of carbon dioxide available to aquatic plants will increase the rate of photosynthesis as measured by the bubbles produced find the independent and dependent variable in the hypothesis
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is -
Independent variable - change in the concentration of carbon dioxide
Dependent variable - bubbles produced
Explanation:
The independent variable of an experiment or study is a variable that is subject to change or being manipulated during the study to find the response on the dependent variable. The concentration of carbon dioxide is here manipulated to find the change in the amount of bubble produced.
The dependent variable is a response that is carried out by the change or manipulation of the independent factor. In this case amount of bubbles is the dependent variable.
Thus, the correct answer is -
Independent variable - change in the concentration of carbon dioxide
Dependent variable - bubbles produced
the first part of cellular respiration is called glycolysis, takes place in the _ and does not require any_
Answers
The first part of cellular respiration is glycolysis. It takes in the cytoplasm and does not require any oxygen.
What is glycolysis?
Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration. In this reaction, glucose molecules are broken down to produce two pyruvate molecules - 3 carbon compounds.
The process of glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of cells and happens in a two steps reaction:
Glucose is first phosphorylated to form glucose-6-phosphateThe glucose-6-phosphate produced undergoes isomerization to form fructose-6-phosphateFructose-6-phosphate undergoes phosphorylation to become fructose-1, 6-biphosphatefructose-1, 6-biphosphate cleaves to produce two 3-carbon molecules known as pyruvates.Thus, glycolysis requires two molecules of ATP for the two phosphorylation reactions. It is a process that does not require oxygen.
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How would the sweat glands react when the temperature gets really cold? What about the hair follicles in your skin?
Answers
The hair erector muscles in the skin would contract causing the hairs on the skin to stand up (this may cause the appearance of goosebumps). The erect hairs trap a thin layer of air that acts as insulation against heat loss from the body to the environment.
4. you have gone through the entire dna extraction procedure with several samples, only to realize that you used 10,000 rpm for every one of the centrifugation steps.
Answers
If you used 10,000 rpm for every centrifugation step during the DNA extraction procedure with several samples, it may have affected the quality and quantity of the DNA obtained.
Different centrifugation speeds are required for different steps in the extraction process, such as to separate cellular debris and isolate DNA. Using the same speed for every step may lead to loss of DNA or contamination with other cellular components.
It is recommended to repeat the DNA extraction procedure using appropriate centrifugation speeds for each step. This will ensure the highest quality and quantity of DNA from the samples. It is also important to note that DNA extraction is a critical step in any downstream analysis, and careful attention should be paid to all steps in the protocol to obtain reliable results.
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If you want to build a house on the side of a hill what preparations would ensure that mass movement would not affect your house?
Answers
Answer:
Engineering solutions include barriers and retaining walls, drainage pipes, terracing the slope to reduce the steepness of the cuts, and immediate revegetation. Rockfalls can be controlled or eliminated by the use of rock bolts, cables, and screens and by cutting back slopes to lesser gradients.
Explanation:
If you build a house on the side of a hill you need following preparation.
If you are building on a hill, height of the building should have average height as per government guide line. high raised building will impact the environment and also it will be highlighted by the planning department .The building that your are building should be easily to accessible . Soil report is also important aspect in building the house on hills . soli report gives the stability of soil that can give strong foundation to the buildings. structural engineer should design your foundation with proper structuring considering every aspect like soil stability , wind load and height of the building .
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In May 2018, the Kilauea volcano on Hawaii's Big Island began to erupt, spewing lava over part of the island.
Which event are Hawaiians most likely to observe first in the areas covered by lava?
A. Mosses will grow in thin, rocky soil.
B. Lichens will grow on the cooled lava.
C. Trees will grow in thick, rich soil.
D. Grasses will grow in soil with organic matter.
Answers
Primary succession occurs after the occurrence of a severe event that leaves nothing but rocky surfaces. Option B. Lichens will grow on the cooled lava.
What is succession?
The succession term refers to colonization and subsequent changes.
Colonization has been defined as the sequence of events that conduce to the establishment of individuals, populations, species, or bigger groups in areas where they were absent before.
Succession refers to changes produced in the composition and structure of communities after a perturbation. There are different grades of succession according to the perturbation intensity.
What is Primary succession?In primary succession, the perturbation is so intense that it eliminates all the life forms in the area.
It is the sequence of species appearance in an exposed area that has not been influenced by any other species or community before.
In these cases, the rock gets exposed but it can not be colonized directly. The new area needs to suffer erosion and different chemical and physical processes that fragment, degrade and dissolve the rock to make colonization possible.
Primary succession occurs after severe events affecting a region, such as a retreating glacier, a volcanic activity, or an intense fire that leave nothing but the exposed rock.
After the disturbance, the order of the living beings establishment depends on the strategies of each of the species to survive.
First, pioneer species arrive. These are the first inhabitants, mostly lichens or plants with the capability of surviving in such an environment. Only a few pioneers can establish in the open space.
Pioneers modify the habitat. They make it more suitable for the posterior establishment of later species, converting rock into fertile soil. As conditions get better, new species arrive like grasses.
Grasses and pioneers keep modifying the ground and making it better with time.
Habitat modification keeps on going while new species establish. They produce shadows and alter the temperature, and humidity, fertilizing the soil.
Competition becomes more frequent between species. The first species are eventually eliminated by competition, while new species keep appearing and competing for resources.
This sequence continues until there is no more facilitation, and the communities reache a climax, becoming stable and lasting for hundreds of years until another disturbance occurs.
In the exposed example, the severe event affecting the Hawaii's Big Island was a volcanoe eruption.
The most likely event observed first in the areas covered by lava would be Lichens will grow on the cooled lava. Option B
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True or False: DNA polymerase can only work to elongate DNA in the 5` --- 3` direction?
Answers
True. DNA can only be extended by DNA polymerase in the 5' to 3' direction. This is so that the 5' phosphate group and the phosphodiester bond can be formed, which is catalysed by DNA polymerase.
Why does DNA grow 5 to 3 times longer?Using a deoxyribonucleotide, DNA polymerase separates the two terminal phosphates from the nucleotide's 5' end and then uses the free energy to create a phosphodiester bond.
Why only one way of DNA polymerase action?DNA polymerase can only synthesise in one direction by extending the 3' end of the previous nucleotide chain because it needs a free 3' OH group to begin synthesis. As a result, DNA polymerase travels in a 3'–5' direction along the template strand.
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Nutrition A biologist has 500 kilograms of nutrient A, 600 kilograms of nutrient B, and 300 kilograms of nutrient C. These nutrients will be used to make 4 types of food-P, Q, R, and S-whose contents in percent of nutrient per kilogram of food) and whose "growth values" are as shown in the following table: P e R S A 0 0 37.5 62.5 B 0 75 50 37.5 с 100 25 12.5 0 Growth Value 90 70 60 50 How many kilograms of each food should be produced in order to maximize total growth value? Find the maximum growth value.
Answers
To maximize the total growth value, the biologist should produce 200 kilograms of food type P, 300 kilograms of food type Q, and 0 kilograms of food types R and S. The maximum growth value achieved with this production plan is 67,500.
To determine the optimal production quantities, we can use linear programming techniques. Let's define the decision variables as follows:
- Let x be the number of kilograms of food type P produced.
- Let y be the number of kilograms of food type Q produced.
- Let z be the number of kilograms of food type R produced.
- Let w be the number of kilograms of food type S produced.
We need to maximize the objective function: 90x + 70y + 60z + 50w (representing the total growth value).
Subject to the following constraints:
- A: 0x + 0y + 37.5z + 62.5w ≤ 500 (nutrient A constraint)
- B: 0x + 75y + 50z + 37.5w ≤ 600 (nutrient B constraint)
- C: 100x + 25y + 12.5z + 0w ≤ 300 (nutrient C constraint)
- Non-negativity: x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0, z ≥ 0, w ≥ 0
Solving this linear programming problem using optimization techniques will yield the optimal production quantities mentioned earlier, resulting in a maximum growth value of 67,500.
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Explain what happens to the molecules as the water gets hot.
Answers
Answer:
Molecules move around faster and faster as water gets hotter and hotter. Water expands or increases in volume when it get heated.
Explanation:
explain the interaction between geological events, human population, and the environment
Answers
The relationship between the environment, human population and geological events is complex and multidimensional. While human activities can also have significant effects on geological processes, geological events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and climate change can have significant effects on the environment and human populations.
What is an Environment?The conditions and forces that surround an organism, population or community are called its environment. It includes all elements of the Earth, both living and non-living, such as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere.
The environment is a complex system that living things interact with and influence how they survive, develop and thrive. This includes biological elements such as plants, animals, microorganisms and their interactions, as well as physical elements such as temperature, light, water, soil, wind and topography.
Therefore, the relationship between the environment, human population and geological events is complex and multidimensional.
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Which process is necessary for cell division? *
Answers
Answer:
a eukaryotic cell undergoes a carefully coordinated nuclear division that results in the formation of two genetically identical daughter cells.
Explanation:
I hope this helps.
I NEED HELP ASAP ASAP ASAP
Match the term to its description.
Answers
Answer:
Hmm I can try to help :3
Elliptical galaxy: A
Galaxy: D
Irregular galaxy: B
Spiral galaxy: C
Explanation:
:3
Answer:
Irregular galaxy- B
Galaxy- D
Spiral galaxy- C
Elliptical galaxy- A
Explanation:
which of the following statements about concentric muscle action is false: a. the muscle shortens as it goes through the range of motion. b. an arm curl is a good example. c. the muscle is able to overcome the load. d. it is usually termed extension.
Answers
The following assertions concerning concentric muscle activity are untrue; it is typically referred to as extension. As a muscle contracts concentrically, its tension rises to face the resistance.
What does the body's muscle mean?Specialized cells called muscle fibers make up the physiology. Its primary trait is their capacity to contract. Objects were moved by muscles that are linked to blood vessels, vital organs, other bones.
The strongest of the body's muscles is?The biggest muscle inside the body is called as gluteus create productive. It is huge and powerful as it keeps the brain's trunk in such a standing posture. The key antigravity muscle that makes ascending stairs easier is this one.
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Two different unicellular organisms are examined Scientists find that Species X always produces lactic acid during cellular respiration. Species Y always produces ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide. Which conclusion can be made from these observations?
a)Species X is anaerobic, and Species Y is aerobic
b)Species Y is anaerobic, and Species X is aerobic
c)Both Species X and Y are aerobic
d)Both species X and Y are anaerobic
Answers
Answer:
a)species x is anaerobic, and species y is aerobic
Differentiate between Gene and chromosomes. (any four differences )
plz hurry
who ever will give at least 4 differences would be marked as brainlist.
Answers
2) Gene mutations are small, but chromosome mutations are large.
3) Genes are composed of either DNA or RNA, but chromosomes are composed of DNA, RNA AND Histones.
4) A single gene is a locus on chromosome, but a single chromosome compromises of many genes.
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