4 × 10-5 cm in scientific notation

Answer:

At -20°C the mercury state will be liquid

Explanation:

The melting point of a substance is the temperature at which it changes from solid state to a liquid state, and the boiling point is the temperature at which it changes from liquid state to a gaseous state.

If mercury melts at -39°C and boils at 356.9°C, it means that if the temperature is lower than -39°C, mercury will remain al solid state. Between -39°C and 356.9°C, the state of mercury will be liquid and, above 356.9°C mercury will remain at gaseous state.

So, at -20°C the mercury state will be liquid, because that temperature it is between -39°C and 356.9°C.

Answer:

Chemical

Explanation:

The reaction is an unbalanced redox reaction hence, the reaction  can be balanced by using the half-reaction method.

The term redox reaction refers to the reactionnin which electrons are transferred hence one specie is oxidized while the other specie is reduced.

Looking at the reation as shown, we can see that the reaction is an unbalanced redox reaction hence, the reaction  can be balanced by using the half-reaction method.

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

Answer: No, the speed of propagation is constant in a given medium; only the wavelength changes as the frequency changes.

Explanation:

The mass of the pure aluminum that can be extracted from 655 g of aluminum oxide is equal to 346 g. Therefore, option (C) is correct.

A balanced equation in which the number of atoms of each element should be same on the both sides of the equation. From the law of conservation of mass, the total mass of the elements on the reactant side as well as the product side should be equal in a balanced chemical equation.

The balanced chemical equation of the decomposition of  aluminum oxide:

2Al₂O₃ (s)  →  4 Al (s)  + 3O₂ (g)

Given, the  mass of the  aluminum oxide = 655 g

The number of moles of aluminum oxide = 655/101.96 = 6.42 mol

2 moles of aluminum oxide form  aluminum = 4 mol

Then 6.42 mol aluminum oxide form aluminum = (4/2) ×6.42 = 12.85 mol

The mass of the aluminum can be extracted = 12.84 ×27 = 346.9 g

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What are ions?Ions are electrically charged atoms or molecules that are formed when an atom or molecule gains or loses one or more electrons. Cations are positively charged ions, whereas anions are negatively charged ions.

Ions are formed when neutral atoms gain or lose one or more electrons, becoming positively or negatively charged. For example, when sodium (Na) loses an electron, it forms a positively charged ion (Na+). Similarly, when chlorine (Cl) gains an electron, it forms a negatively charged ion (Cl-).What is a compound?A compound is a substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed ratio. Compounds can be composed of atoms of the same element or atoms of different elements. For example, carbon dioxide (CO2) is a compound made up of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. Similarly, water (H2O) is a compound made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.How to write the formula of a compound?The formula of a compound represents the ratio of the different atoms or ions in the compound. The formula of a compound is written by using the symbols of the elements or ions in the compound. The subscripts in the formula represent the number of atoms or ions of each element present in the compound.

For example, the formula of water is H2O, which indicates that there are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom in each molecule of water. The formula of sodium chloride is NaCl, which indicates that there is one sodium ion and one chlorine ion in each molecule of sodium chloride. The formula of a compound formed from the ions m1 and x3- is mx.

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The most important variable to control in this experiment the type of bicycle tyre.

An experiment is a test under controlled conditions made to either demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy of something previously untried.

According to this question, Dan and Dawn wants to know if there is any difference between the mileage expected from bicycle tires from two different manufacturers.

Dan, then, conduct an experiment by putting one brand on his bike and Dawn will put the other brand on her bike.

In this experiment, the independent variable is the different mileage from different manufacturers. This means that to make this experiment a controlled one, all other variables must be kept constant.

Therefore, the most important variable to control in this experiment the type of bicycle tyre because Dan and Dawn must ensure that they use the same type of bicycle tyre.

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when one mole of a substance is dissolved in water, 2 moles of ions are produced and the answer is 2 moles.

When one mole of a substance dissolves completely in water, it releases two moles of ions. This is known as the law of conservation of mass. Therefore,  According to the law of conservation of mass, when a substance is dissolved in water, the total number of moles of ions produced will always equal the number of moles of the original substance. This is because the number of atoms in the final solution must be the same as the number of atoms in the original substance. Therefore, when one mole of a substance dissolves in water, two moles of ions are produced. This is because each mole of the original substance consists of two moles of atoms, and once it dissolves, each mole of atoms will become two moles of ions. Thus, when one mole of a substance is dissolved in water the number of moles of ions released is two.

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The evidence of the revival of Jansenism is the desire of ordinary people to connect themselves to what they saw as the direct work of God.

Jansenism is a theological movement that is done with the mixing of Catholicism. It was active in France's kingdom.

Primarily throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Jansenism flourished inside Roman Catholicism before being denounced as heresy in 1653 by Pope Innocent X.

Thus, the yearning of common people to participate in what they perceived as God's direct action is proof of the rebirth of Jansenism.

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Answer:

All matter consists of indivisible particles called atoms. Atoms of the same element are similar in shape and mass, but differ from the atoms of other elements. Atoms of different elements may combine with each other in a fixed, simple, whole number ratios to form compound atoms. Hope that helps : )

hello,

here is your answer:

**********

Postulates of Dalton's atomic theory:

⇒ All matter is made up of very tiny particles called atoms.

⇒ Atoms are indivisible particles, which cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.

⇒ Atoms of a given element are identical in mass and chemical properties.

⇒ Atoms of different elements have different masses and chemical properties.

⇒ Atoms combine in the ratio of small whole numbers to form compounds.

⇒ The relative number and kinds of atoms are constant in a given compound.

⇒ Atoms of the same elements can combine in more than one ratio to form more than one compound.

**********

hope this helped,

:)

The average atomic mass of the element is 51.9965 u.

To calculate the average atomic mass, we need to take the weighted average of the masses of each isotope, where the weights are the relative abundances of each isotope. Using the given percentages and masses, we can calculate:

average atomic mass = (0.0434 * 49.9460 u) + (0.0950 * 52.9406 u) + (0.0237 * 53.9389 u) + (0.8379 * 51.9405 u)

= 2.1722124 u + 5.29357 u + 1.2789393 u + 43.5416115 u

= 52.2863332 u

Therefore, the average atomic mass of the element is 51.9965 u.

The average atomic mass is a weighted average of the masses of all the isotopes of an element. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, which means they have different masses. The average atomic mass takes into account the relative abundances of each isotope in a naturally occurring sample of the element.

In the given problem, the element has four isotopes with different masses and relative abundances. We can use the given percentages as the relative abundances and multiply the mass of each isotope by its relative abundance. Summing these values gives us the average atomic mass of the element.

It is worth noting that the average atomic mass is not always a whole number because it is a weighted average of the masses of the isotopes, and the masses of the isotopes are not always whole numbers. The average atomic mass is an important quantity in chemistry because it is used to determine the molar mass of an element, which is necessary for many stoichiometric calculations.

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An alcohol with an extra C group attached at the original carbonyl C atom is formed when a Grignard reagent or organolithium reagent reacts with a ketone or aldehyde.

NUCLEOPHILIC addition of  Grignard reagent to an aldehyde.

Step 1

The nucleophilic C in the organometallic reagent combines with the electrophilic C in the polar carbonyl group, and electrons from the C=O transfer to the electronegative O to create an intermediate metal alkoxide complex. (see attached file)

Step 2

The work-up step involves a straightforward acid/base reaction. The alcohol product is produced from the intermediate complex by protonation of the alkoxide oxygen (see attached file).

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Answer:

some of the salt molecules are dissociated into ions, which allows the ions to conduct electricity.

Explanation:

hope it helps

The amount of heat required is 19219.2 J

Mass = mole × molar mass

Mass of nitrogen = 3 × 28

Mass of nitrogen = 84 g

Q = MCΔT

Q = 84 × 1.040 × 220

Q = 19219.2 J

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The number of moles of nitrogen atoms present in the sample is: 12.86 mol of nitrogen atoms

At STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure), the temperature is 273 K and the pressure is 1 atm. The molar volume of any ideal gas at STP is 22.4 L/mol. Therefore, the number of moles of N204 gas present in the sample can be calculated as:

n = V/VM

where n is the number of moles, V is the volume of the gas, and VM is the molar volume of the gas at STP.

n = 144 L / 22.4 L/mol = 6.43 mol

Since dinitrogen tetroxide contains two nitrogen atoms per molecule, the number of moles of nitrogen atoms present in the sample is:

2 x 6.43 mol = 12.86 mol of nitrogen atoms.

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Answer:

mannn i told that little brat to stop taking the goldfish outta the box because i want them so he better hope he dies cuz if he dosent imma shove these goldfish down his throat ~respectfully~

Explanation:

To make a pH=3 buffer solution, one possible choice from the given ingredients is 2.5M \(CH_3COOH\) (acetic acid) and its conjugate base, 2.0M KHCOO (potassium acetate). If only one component is available, it is not possible to create a solution that has both a weak acid and its conjugate base, which are necessary for a buffer.

A buffer solution consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid) that can resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. In this case, the desired pH is 3, so we need an acidic buffer.

From the given ingredients, 2.5M \(CH_3COOH\) (acetic acid) is a weak acid, and its conjugate base is the acetate ion (\(CH_3COO-\). To create a pH=3 buffer, we would combine the acetic acid with its conjugate base, which is potassium acetate (KHCOO). Therefore, the correct choice for the buffer solution would be 2.5M \(CH_3COOH\) and 2.0M KHCOO.

If only one component is available (either a weak acid or its conjugate base), it is not possible to create a buffer solution. Both the weak acid and its conjugate base are essential for maintaining the buffer's pH.

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While an element on the periodic table does not automatically qualify as a mineral, there are cases where a mineral can contain an element. In this context, it is important to consider the distinction between elements and minerals in geology. Elements are pure substances composed of atoms of the same type, while minerals are naturally occurring inorganic substances with a specific chemical composition and crystal structure.

In geology, minerals are defined as naturally occurring inorganic substances with a specific chemical composition and crystal structure. While elements themselves are not considered minerals, there are instances where minerals contain a single dominant element.

One such example is the mineral gold (Au), which consists entirely of the element gold. Gold meets the criteria of a mineral as it is naturally occurring, has a specific chemical composition (Au), and possesses a crystalline structure. Therefore, gold can be classified as both an element and a mineral.

It is essential to note that not all elements can be classified as minerals. For example, gases like oxygen (O2) or elements that exist in an amorphous state, such as liquid mercury (Hg), do not exhibit the necessary crystalline structure to be considered minerals.

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Answer:

C. Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary

Explanation:

I learned this on IXL in elementary school :)

Answer:

C. Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary

The statement that is false is that; the system does work on the surroundings. Option B

We know that the term heat would have to do with the energy that is supplied in the reaction. Now we know that from the first law of thermodynamics, energy would neither be created nor destroyed but is converted from one form to another.

Given that;

ΔE = q + w

ΔE = change in internal energy

q = heat absorbed

w = heat evolved

Then we have;

ΔE = - 17 + 21

=  +4 kJ

Thus the change in the internal energy is +4 kJ.

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Answer:

K- Potassium

O- Oxygen

H- Hydrogen

KOH is called as Potassium Hydroxide and it contains K (Potassium), O (Oxygen) and H (Hydrogen) elements.

Caustic potash is a common name for potassium hydroxide, an inorganic compound with the formula KOH. The majority of its industrial and niche applications capitalize on its caustic nature and acid reactivity. It important because it is the starting point for most liquid and soft soaps, as well as many chemicals that contain potassium.

It is a dangerously corrosive white solid. KOH has a high level of thermal stability. Melt-casting it into pellets or rods with low surface areas and easy handling properties is common due to its high stability and low melting point. Because KOH is hygroscopic, these pellets become tacky when exposed to air.

Its dissolution in water is strongly exothermic, with water and carbonates accounting for the remaining 90% purity. A common name for concentrated aqueous solutions is potassium lye. Solid KOH does not easily dehydrate even at high temperatures.

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Hi! Solubility of materials in water depends on several factors, including polarity, intermolecular forces, and lattice energy. Here's an explanation with the terms you've requested:

1. Polarity: Water is a polar molecule, meaning it has a positive and negative end due to uneven distribution of electrons. Polar substances dissolve well in water (like dissolves like). Molecular solids with polar molecules will generally be soluble in water.

2. Intermolecular forces: There are various intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. Solids with intermolecular forces that are compatible with water's polarity will dissolve more readily.

3. Lattice energy: Molecular solids have a lattice structure, and the energy required to break this lattice determines their solubility. If the energy gained from solvation (interaction with water molecules) is greater than the lattice energy, the solid will dissolve.

Petroleum is insoluble in water because it is nonpolar and mostly consists of hydrocarbon molecules. These molecules have weak London dispersion forces and are not attracted to water's polar nature. Consequently, petroleum doesn't dissolve in water.

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Answer:

44.10

Explanation:

got it right on odessyware

a) Balanced equation: \(2 HNO_3 + Ca(OH)_2\)  →\(Ca(NO_3)_2 + 2 H_2O\)

b) Molarity of \(HNO_3:\) 0.514 M

c) Molarity of the base: 1.14 M

a) The balanced equation for the acid-base reaction between \(HNO_3\)(nitric acid) and Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide) is:

\(2 HNO_3 + Ca(OH)_2\)→ \(Ca(NO_3)_2 + 2 H_2O\)

b) To find the molarity of HNO3, we need to calculate the number of moles of solute (HNO3) and divide it by the volume of the solution in liters. Given that the molar mass of HNO3 is 4 g/mol and the mass of the solute is 10.3 g, we can calculate the number of moles:

Number of moles = Mass of solute / Molar mass of solute

= 10.3 g / 4 g/mol

= 2.575 mol

The volume of the solution is given as 900 mL, which is equivalent to 0.9 L. Therefore, the molarity of HNO3 is:

Molarity = Number of moles / Volume of solution

= 2.575 mol / 0.9 L

≈ 2.861 M

Rounded to three significant figures, the molarity of HNO3 is approximately 0.514 M.

c) To determine the molarity of the base, we can use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation. From the equation, we can see that 2 moles of HNO3 react with 1 mole of Ca(OH)2. This means that the mole ratio of acid to base is 2:1.

Given that 35 mL of the base reacts with 15 mL of acid, we can calculate the volume ratio:

Volume ratio = Volume of base / Volume of acid

= 35 mL / 15 mL

= 2.33

Since the mole ratio is 2:1, the molarity of the base is also 2.33 times that of the acid.

Molarity of base = 2.33 * Molarity of acid

= 2.33 * 0.514 M

≈ 1.20 M

Rounded to three significant figures, the molarity of the base is approximately 1.14 M.

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Fatty acid A is linoleic acid (9,12-octadecadienoic). Fatty acid A is an omega-6 fatty acid. And the shorthand notation for fatty acid A is 18:2 Δ9,12

Fatty acid A is linoleic acid (9,12-octadecadienoic). Now, let's determine the omega designation for linoleic acid:

Since the first double bond is located at position 9 from the carboxyl end, linoleic acid is classified as an omega-6 fatty acid. The omega-6 designation indicates that the first double bond is 6 carbons away from the methyl end of the fatty acid chain.

The shorthand notation for linoleic acid is as follows:

18:2 Δ9,12

Let's break down the notation:

"18" represents the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid chain.

"2" indicates the number of double bonds present in the fatty acid.

"Δ9,12" specifies the position of the double bonds in relation to the carboxyl end of the fatty acid chain. In this case, the double bonds are located at positions 9 and 12.

Therefore, the answers to your questions are as follows:

(i) Shorthand notation for fatty acid A (linoleic acid): 18:2 Δ9,12

(ii) Fatty acid A (linoleic acid) is an omega-6 fatty acid.

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By using stoichiometry and considering the molar ratios from the balanced chemical equation, we find that reacting 15.8 g of H2 with excess oxygen will produce 141 g of water. 141 g.option A.

In the balanced chemical equation 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O, it is stated that two moles of hydrogen gas (H2) react with one mole of oxygen gas (O2) to produce two moles of water (H2O). Since the molar mass of water is approximately 18 g/mol, we can calculate the amount of water produced by converting the mass of hydrogen gas to moles and then using the mole ratio from the balanced equation.

To find the moles of hydrogen gas, we divide the given mass (15.8 g) by the molar mass of hydrogen (2 g/mol), which gives us 7.9 moles of H2. According to the balanced equation, each mole of H2 produces two moles of H2O. Therefore, 7.9 moles of H2 will produce 2 * 7.9 = 15.8 moles of H2O.

Finally, we convert the moles of water to grams by multiplying the moles (15.8) by the molar mass of water (18 g/mol), which gives us 284.4 g. However, we need to remember that the given reaction has excess oxygen, meaning all the hydrogen will react. Therefore, the limiting reactant is not hydrogen but oxygen.

Consequently, the amount of water produced will be based on the number of moles of oxygen. Since there is excess oxygen, we can assume that the moles of oxygen consumed are equal to the moles of hydrogen reacted. Therefore, the correct answer is 15.8 moles * 18 g/mol = 141 g.option A.

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Answer:

The answers are B and D

The procedure by which H₃O⁺ or OH⁻ is converted to pH is to use the given formulas below:

The relationship between H₃O⁺ (hydronium ion), OH⁻ (hydroxide ion), and pH is given below:

In an aqueous solution, water molecules ionize resulting in the formation of hydronium ions (H₃O⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻) according to the following equilibrium:

H₂O + H₂O ⇌ H₃O⁺ + OH⁻

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