Explain the differences between the properties of alpha, beta and gamma radiations.
[6 marks]
Answer:
alpha particles carry a positive charge, beta particles carry a negative charge, and gamma rays are neutral
Explanation:
Alpha rays have poor penetration power. They can cause little harm from outside. The outer layer of dead skin in humans, a thick sheet of paper, or a layer of clothes can resist alpha penetration.
However, alpha particles also have the greatest mass, which implies that they have the greatest ionizing power. If an alpha particle somehow gets into the system through inhaling or swallowing, they become the most dangerous.
Chances of alpha particles getting inside the system occur only in situations of a nuclear accident or explosion. Once inside, alpha particles can cause maximum damage to the tissues of humans and other living organisms.
Beta particles are smaller and have less tissue-damaging power when inside an organism. However, they have greater penetrative power. From the outside, beta particles can burn human skin. It would be similar to a severe sunburn.
Gamma rays have the highest penetration power. A living organism such as a human being exposed to gamma rays faces a high risk of having bone marrow and internal organs damaged.
Gamma rays can pass through a body, damaging tissue and DNA in the process. Scientists consider gamma rays to be the most dangerous form of radiation.
Also:
Alpha particles are positive, heavy, and slower in its movement in comparison to other kinds of nuclear radiation. The travel speed of alpha particles is 5-7% of the speed of light.
Radiotherapy in cancer treatment uses alpha particles to kill the cancerous cells. Because of their low penetration power, they cannot damage the healthy cells surrounding the cancerous part.
One-thousandth of the mass of a proton is the mass of a beta particle. Beta particles carry either one negative charge – an electron, or one single positive charge – a positron. Because of their small mass, beta particles can travel almost at the speed of light.
Beta particles get used as tracers for medical imaging. They also have therapeutic uses in bone and eye cancer treatment. Smoke detectors also use beta particles. Sometimes, beta particles are used for quality control. Checking the thickness of paper, for instance.
Gamma has no mass and no electrical charge. It can travel at the speed of light. There is some application of gamma rays in oncology, and for sterilizing medical instruments
Beta particles have a negative charge, alpha particles have a positive charge, and gamma rays are neutral.
What is radiation?Energy that emanates from a source and moves through space at the speed of light is referred to as radiation. This energy has wave-like qualities and is accompanied by an electric field and a magnetic field. Radiation may also be referred to as electromagnetic waves.
Ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation are the two types of radiation. Non-ionizing radiation has sufficient energy to cause molecules' atoms to vibrate or move about, but not enough to deplete them of their electrons.
Gamma rays are neutral, alpha particles are positively charged, while beta particles are negatively charged.
An alpha particle is made up of two protons and two neutrons. Beta particles are thought to be highly energetic electrons. Photons are electromagnetic energy waves, and they are what gamma rays are.
Thus, this is the difference between the properties of alpha, beta and gamma radiations.
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Part B
What trend do you observe in the Total Energy column at all the positions?
for a gravitational field to be generated between two objects, what must be true?
A gravitational acceleration points in the direction of the gravitational field's source object.
What does the term "gravitational" mean?involving or relating to the pull of two masses: The planet's gravitational pull is responsible for the ebb and flow of ocean tides. Strong propensity or movement towards something or someone, whether inherent or implied: Many studies have been conducted to determine why they are drawn to destructive behavior.
What kinds of gravitation exist?Gravity only comes in one variety. In nature, there is only one form of gravity. According to their masses and the separation between their centers, there is only one kind of gravity influence that draws the two bodies together. Gravity is the strongest force known to exist in nature and is a form of central force.
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Which of the following correctly describes how particular type of mirror reflects light? Convex mirrors reflect light to a central point (converging). Concave mirrors reflect light to a central point (converging). Concave mirrors reflect light so the light spreads out (diverging).
Answer:
Concave mirrors reflect light to a central point (converging)
Suppose the source is to the left of the mirror in question.
Parallel rays into the mirror are always reflected towards the focal point.
In the case of a concave mirror the real parallel rays pass thru the focal point.
If the mirror is convex the rays will diverge to the left and act as if they were emanating from the focal point to the right of the mirror.
6. What is the measure of the amount of energy released in an earthquake?
a. Earthquake
B. Magnitude
C. epicenter
D. Intensity
Answer:
Magnitude
Explanation:
B is the answer
Answer:
its B
Explanation:
A vector makes an angle, theta, with the horizontal. The horizontal and vertical components of the vector will be equal in magnitude if the angle theta is
1 point
a.90°
b.60°
c.45°
d.30°
Answer:
The correct option is;
c. 45°
Explanation:
The given information is that the angle the vector makes with the horizontal = θ
Let the magnitude of the resultant vector = R
The horizontal component of the vector are given as follows;
Rₓ = R × cos(θ)
The vertical component of the vector are given as follows;
\(R_y\) = R × sin(θ)
The resultant vector, R, in vector form, R, is the sum of the horizontal and vertical components as follows;
R = R × cos(θ)·i + R × sin(θ)·j
Therefore;
The horizontal and vertical component will be equal when cos(θ) = sin(θ)
Given that tan(θ) = sin(θ)/cos(θ), we have that when cos(θ) = sin(θ), tan(θ) = sin(θ)/cos(θ) = sin(θ)/sin(θ) = 1
tan(θ) = 1,
∴ θ = tan⁻¹(1) = 45°
θ = 45°.
Answer:
c. 45°
Explanation:
a telescope is label 250-f/5. what is the value of the aperture of the telescope?
The value of the aperture of the telescope is 50, for a telescope labeled 250-f/5.
In a telescope, the f-number is the ratio of the focal length (f) to the diameter of the aperture (D). It is also referred to as the focal ratio, the focal length ratio, and the relative aperture. As a result, the aperture of the telescope is the diameter of the mirror or lens. The size of the aperture determines the amount of light that the telescope can gather, which directly affects its ability to capture fine details, observe faint objects, and provide high-resolution images.
If a telescope is labeled 250-f/5, the value of the aperture of the telescope is given by multiplying the focal length and the f-number.
F-number is calculated using the formula:
f-number = focal length (f) / aperture (D)
By rearranging the above formula, we get:
D = focal length (f) / f-number
Aperture = 250 / 5 = 50
Hence, the value of the aperture of the telescope is 50.
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____ 2. When an object is heated to the point that it glows, the process is called incandescence. ____________________
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Incandescence material are those which glow on being heated above a particular point. For example an incandescence bulb which has a filament. when the filament is heated it starts to glow.
The least energy efficient type of electronic lights typically used in residential buildings are usually called incandescent lamps. Although ineffective, incandescent lamps provide a variety of important advantages, they are inexpensive to purchase, turn on instantly and are available in a wide range of sizes and shapes.
List and explain at 5 hazards
of radioactivity
Answer:
1 can damage chromosomes
2 reduction in white blood cells ( will recover In Couple of days )
3 sickness
4 Temporary Reduction of Resistance.
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A car goes 15 miles at 45mph, then goes another 15 miles at 30mph. a. How long does the trip take? b. What is the average speed for the whole trip?
The trip takes a total of 1.5 hours and has an average speed of 40 mph.
To calculate the time taken for each leg of the trip, we can use the formula time = distance/speed.
For the first leg of the trip, the car travels 15 miles at a speed of 45 mph. Using the formula, we find that the time taken for this leg is 15/45 = 0.33 hours.
For the second leg of the trip, the car travels another 15 miles but at a speed of 30 mph. Using the formula, we find that the time taken for this leg is 15/30 = 0.5 hours.
To find the total time for the trip, we add the times for each leg: 0.33 hours + 0.5 hours = 0.83 hours.
To calculate the average speed for the entire trip, we use the formula average speed = total distance/total time. The total distance traveled is 15 miles + 15 miles = 30 miles. The total time taken is 0.83 hours. Plugging these values into the formula, we find that the average speed for the trip is 30/0.83 = 36.14 mph.
Therefore, the trip takes a total of 1.5 hours and has an average speed of 40 mph.
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1. Write the advantages and disadvantages of connecting lamps (a) in series and (b) in parallel. A3 2. a) 0.2A Draw Fig 5.30 into your exercise book and name the way in which the lamps are connected and answer questions b and c A₂ b) If A3 read 0.2A, what do the other two ammeters read? A1 c) If one of the lamps is removed explain what would happen to the other lamp. Fig 5.30 Reading of ammeter in series circuit
Answer:
parallel connection:Advandages: 1. Every unit that is connected in a parallel circuit gets equal amount of voltage.2. It becomes easy to connect or disconnect a new element without affecting the working of other elements.3. If any fault happened to the circuit, then also the current is able to pass through the circuit through different paths.Disadvantages: 1. It requires the use of lot of wires.2. We cannot increase or multiply the voltage in a parallel circuit.3. Parallel connection fails at the time when it is required to pass exactly same amount of current through the units.series connection:Advantages: 1. Series circuits do not overheat easily. This makes them very useful in the case of something that might be around a potentially flammable source, like dry plants or cloth.2. Series circuits are easy to learn and to make. Their simple design is easy to understand, and this means that it’s simple to conduct repairs .3. we can add more power devices, they have a higher output in terms of voltage .4. The current that flows in a series circuit has to flow through every component in the circuit. Therefore, all of the components in a series connection carry the same current.Disadvantages: 1.If one point breaks in the series circuit,the total circuit will break.2. As the number of components in a circuit increases ,greater will be the circuit resistance.
A horizontal pipe of diameter 0.933 m has a smooth constriction to a section of diameter 0.5598 m. The density of oil flowing in the
pipe is 821 kg/m3. If the pressure in the pipe is 7220 N/m2 and in the constricted section is 5415 N/m2, what is the rate at which oil is flowing?
Answer in units of m3/s.
Answer:s
Explanation:
Light waves Group of answer choices are not electromagnetic radiation. do not require a medium. can not travel in a vacuum. do not travel in straight lines from the source.
Answer:
do not require a medium
Explanation:
Light waves can be regarded as electromagnetic waves and it transverse in nature, no medium material is required to pass through. Light wave can travel through vacuum and it's ray can travel in straight lines even from point source. Light convey energy in perpendicular direction to electric field as well as magnetic field.
the following four forces act on a 4.00 kg object: f1=300 N east. f2=700 N north
f3=500 N west
f4=600 N south. What is the acceleration of the object?
So the acceleration of the object is -50 m/s^2 in the x direction (west) and 25 m/s^2 in the y direction (north).
To find the acceleration of the object, we need to first calculate the net force acting on it. We can do this by breaking down each force into its x and y components:
f1: 300 N east = 300 N * cos(0) i + 300 N * sin(0) j = 300i
f2: 700 N north = 700 N * cos(90) i + 700 N * sin(90) j = 700j
f3: 500 N west = 500 N * cos(180) i + 500 N * sin(180) j = -500i
f4: 600 N south = 600 N * cos(270) i + 600 N * sin(270) j = -600j
Adding up these components, we get:
Fnet = (300 - 500)i + (700 - 600)j = -200i + 100j
Now we can use Newton's second law (F = ma) to solve for the acceleration:
Fnet = ma
-200i + 100j = 4a
Dividing by 4 kg, we get:
a = (-50i + 25j) m/s^2
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The acceleration of the object is 0.35 m/s² in the direction 30° north of east.
Determine the acceleration?To find the acceleration of the object, we need to calculate the net force acting on it using the given forces. Let's break down each force into its x and y components:
f₁ = 300 N east (positive x-direction)
f₂ = 700 N north (positive y-direction)
f₃ = 500 N west (negative x-direction)
f₄ = 600 N south (negative y-direction)
Now, let's calculate the net force in the x-direction:
ΣFₓ = f₁ₓ + f₃ₓ = 300 N - 500 N = -200 N
Similarly, let's calculate the net force in the y-direction:
ΣFᵧ = f₂ᵧ + f₄ᵧ = 700 N - 600 N = 100 N
Now, we can calculate the magnitude of the net force using the Pythagorean theorem:
ΣF = √(ΣFₓ² + ΣFᵧ²) = √((-200 N)² + (100 N)²) ≈ 223.61 N
Next, we can calculate the angle of the net force relative to the positive x-axis:
θ = tan⁻¹(ΣFᵧ / ΣFₓ) = tan⁻¹(100 N / (-200 N)) ≈ -26.57°
Finally, we can calculate the acceleration using Newton's second law (F = ma):
a = ΣF / m = 223.61 N / 4.00 kg ≈ 55.90 m/s²
Therefore, the acceleration vector has a magnitude of 55.90 m/s² and is oriented at an angle of -26.57° (or equivalently, 30° north of east).
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there are two types of regular options (calls and puts). how many types of barrier options are there?
There are several types of barrier options, including up-and-out, up-and-in, down-and-out, and down-and-in options. These options add an additional barrier condition that must be met for the option to become active or to be knocked out. The exact number of barrier option types may vary depending on specific variations and combinations. These barrier options provide additional flexibility
Barrier options are a type of exotic option that have a specified barrier level. The barrier level acts as a trigger, determining whether the option is activated or nullified. Barrier options can have different types of barrier conditions, which can be set above or below the underlying asset's price.
The four common types of barrier options are:
Up-and-out option: The option is knocked out if the price of the underlying asset moves above a predetermined barrier level.
Up-and-in option: The option becomes active only if the price of the underlying asset moves above a predetermined barrier level.
Down-and-out option: The option is knocked out if the price of the underlying asset moves below a predetermined barrier level.
Down-and-in option: The option becomes active only if the price of the underlying asset moves below a predetermined barrier level.
These barrier options provide additional flexibility and complexity compared to regular options, as their payoff and activation depend on whether the barrier levels are breached or not.
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an objects potential energy is do to its?
An objects potential energy is due to its state of rest.
Define potential energy
Potential energy is a form of accumulated energy that is dependent on the relationship between different system components. When a spring is compressed or expanded, its potential energy increases. The potential energy of a steel ball is greater when it is raised above the earth than when it is brought to Earth.
Energy that is conserved or kept in a substance or object is known as potential energy. The position, arrangement, or condition of the item or substance determines the amount of stored energy. It can be pictured as energy with the "potential" to perform labor. Mechanical energy, electrical energy, chemical energy, radiant energy, nuclear energy, and heat energy are the six categories of potential energy.
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Cond Concept question showing the difference between charge and charge density 22.19 Consider the point P located distance d above the lef end of a rod of length d. Assume the rod carries charge distributed uniformly over the length of the rod. For this sinuation, assume the rod produces electric field vector E
0
at the point P. a) How does the field change if rod length is doubled using the same amount of charset? Assume the point P is still located distance d above the left end of the rod. b) How does the ficld change if rod length is doubled using the same amount of charge densin? Asume the point P is still located distance d above the left end of the rod.
In first scenario, the electric field vector's magnitude would be halved. In second scenario, the electric field vector's magnitude at point P would be doubled.
Charge and charge density are two concepts of electricity, and the following are the differences between them:
Charge: Charge is a property of matter that causes it to experience electrical and magnetic phenomena. It is the fundamental quantity that is responsible for electric phenomena. The SI unit of charge is Coulomb (C), and its symbol is ‘Q’. The charge of an object can be positive or negative or neutral. The charge on an object is measured using an electrostatic balance or an electroscope.
Charge Density: Charge density refers to the amount of charge per unit volume or unit area of a substance. Charge density is the amount of charge per unit length on a given rod. Its SI unit is Coulomb per meter cubed (C/m³). The charge density on an object can be either uniform or non-uniform, i.e., it may be constant over the surface area or may vary throughout it. An electric field vector E is produced by a rod carrying a charge distributed uniformly over the length of the rod. Let the magnitude of the charge be Q. Now, let us consider the following scenarios:
a) How does the field change if rod length is doubled using the same amount of charge?
Assume the point P is still located distance d above the left end of the rod. In this situation, if the rod's length is doubled, the charge will remain the same. Since the charge is distributed uniformly, the charge per unit length would be half of the initial value.
Therefore, the electric field vector's magnitude would be halved.
b) How does the field change if rod length is doubled using the same amount of charge density? Assume the point P is still located distance d above the left end of the rod.In this situation, if the rod's length is doubled, the charge density will remain constant. So, the total charge on the rod will be doubled, and the charge per unit length will remain constant.
As a result, the electric field vector's magnitude at point P would be doubled.
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A potato launcher uses a spring that can apply a force of 20N to potato’s. He launched a 150 gram potato, what is the acceleration? Then he launched a 200gram potato what is the acceleration? I WILL GIVE BRAINIEST PLZZZZ HELP
Answer:
.
Explanation:
Infrequent urination, dry skin, and dizziness are all symptoms of
Answer:
Dehydration
Explanation:
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What is the numerical value of the universal gravitational constant?
A) 9.8
B) 6.673 X 10-11
C) 6.3781 X 106
D) 0
Calculate the gravitational force between two bodies of masses 10kg and 55kg, if they are placed at a distance of 2m apart.
Answer:
F = 9.177*10^-9N
Explanation:
Gravitational force between the two bodies is expressed as;
F = GMm/r²
Given tha
M = 55kg
m = 10kg
r = 2m
G = 6.67408 × 10-11 m³ kg-1 s-2
Substitute;
F = GMm/r²
F = 6.67408 × 10-11*55*10/2²
F = 3,670.744× 10-11/4
F = 9.177*10^-9N
Consider the 56 N weight held by two cables
shown below. The left-hand cable is horizon-
tal.
F
38°
56 N
a) What is the tension in the cable slanted
at an angle of 38°?
Answer in units of N.
part 2 of 2
b) What is the tension in the horizontal
cable?
Answer in units of N.
(a) The tension in the cable slanted at an angle of 38° is 90.32 N.
(b) The tension in the horizontal cable is 71.2 N.
What is net force on the weight?The net force on the weight is determined by resolving the forces into x and y components as follows;
Let the rightward tension = T₁
Let the leftward tension = T₂
Sum of the horizontal forces is calculated as follows;
T₁cos(38) - T₂cos(0) - 56 cos(90) = 0
0.788T₁ - T₂ = 0
0.788T₁ = T₂
Sum of the Vertical forces is calculated as follows;
T₁sin(38) + T₂sin(0) - 56sin(90) = 0
0.62T₁ - 56 = 0
T₁ = 56/0.62
T₁ = 90.32 N
The tension in the horizontal cable is calculated as follows;
T₂ = 0.788T₁
T₂ = 0.788 x 90.32 N
T₂ = 71.2 N
Thus, the tension in each cable is determined by resolving the forces into various components as shown above.
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Which position caused the astronaut to spin at a faster rate? why?
Of course it would be quite difficult to continue to accelerate by speeding up for a significant time (but not impossible). There is another way to have an acceleration for an astronaut and it has to do with the vector nature of velocity. The acceleration depends on the change in velocity.
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The left hand plays a steady one-two beat in duple meter, while the right hand emphasizes notes that fall in between these beats. what is the name for this technique?
The left hand plays a steady one-two beat in duple meter, while the right hand emphasizes notes that fall in between these beats. The name for this technique is syncopation.
What is syncopation?Syncopation in music is the technique of fusing several rhythms to produce an entirely or partially off-beat piece of music. Simpler definitions for syncopation include "a disruption or interruption of the regular flow of rhythm" and "the placing of rhythmic stresses or accents where they wouldn't normally occur." It requires the correlation of at least two sets of time periods. Syncopation is used in many different musical genres, especially dance music. According to music producer Rick Snoman, syncopation is a fundamental element of any dance music and frequently serves to tie the entire song together. Syncopation, usually in the form of a back beat, is a feature of almost all contemporary popular music.Learn more about the syncopation with the help of the given link:
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If two resistors each of 40 ohms are connected in series what will be its equivalent resistance. If the same resistors are connected in parallel combination what will be the equivalent resistance? ANSWER CORRECTLY, IWILL MARK IT BRAINLIEST.
Explanation:
In case the resistors are in series
R =R1 + R2
R = 40 ohm + 40 ohm
R = 80 ohm
In case the resistors are in parallel
R = 1/R1 + 1/R2
R = 1/40 + 1/40
R = 2/40 ohm
R = 1/20 ohm or R = 0.05 ohm
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Answer:
dtwtwerEtbWt
Explanation:
bwtrbtWbTW4TBW4tbW4T4t
a 5.00 kg mass is at the origin. a 7.00 kg mass is located at x = 0.600 m, and a 4.00 kg mass is at x = 0.900 m. What is the net gravitational force on the 5.00 kg mass?
Answer:
Given,
A 5 kg mass is at the origin. A 7 kg mass is located at x = 0.6 m and a 4 kg mass is at x = 0.9 m.
To find,
the net gravitational force on the 5 kg mass.
we know, from Newton's gravitational law, two massive bodies attract each other by a force , F = Gm₁m₂/r²
so, 7 kg mass attracts 5kg mass by the force, F₁ = G(7kg)(5kg)/(0.6)²
= 35G/0.36 = 97.22G
similarly, 4kg mass attracts 5kg mass by the force, F₂ = G(4kg)(5kg)/(0.9)²
= 20G/0.81 = 24.69G
net gravitational force = F₁ + F₂
= 97.22G + 24.69G
= 121.91G
we know, G = 6.67 × 10¯¹¹ Nm²/Kg²
F = 121.91 × 6.67 × 10¯¹¹
= 813.1397 × 10¯¹¹ N
= 8.131397 × 10^-9 N ≈ 8.13 × 10^-9 N
Therefore net gravitational force acting on mass 5kg is 8.13 × 10^-9 N
Help pls!!
Calculate the wavelength of a water wave with a speed of 2.3 m/s and
frequency of 5 Hz.
Answer:
The speed of a wave (v) is equal to the product of its wavelength (λ) and frequency (f), i.e., v = λf. Rearranging this equation, we get:
λ = v/f
Substituting the given values, we get:
λ = 2.3 m/s / 5 Hz
λ = 0.46 meters
Therefore, the wavelength of the water wave is 0.46 meters.
Explanation:
Answer:
The wavelength is 0.46 meters.
Explanation:
The speed of a wave is given by the formula:
v = λf
where v is the wave speed, λ is the wavelength, and f is the frequency.
We are given v = 2.3 m/s and f = 5 Hz. Rearranging the formula above to solve for λ, we get:
λ = v/f
Substituting the given values, we get:
λ = 2.3 m/s / 5 Hz = 0.46 m
Therefore, the wavelength of the water wave is 0.46 meters.
a heavy ball hangs by a string, with a second string attached to its bottom. a slow pull on the bottom string breaks the
When a slow pull is applied to the bottom string, the force gradually increases. This force eventually becomes strong enough to break the bottom string.
The breaking of the string can be explained through a step-by-step process:
1. As you slowly pull on the bottom string, the tension in the string increases.
2. The increasing tension creates stress within the string material.
3. When the stress exceeds the string's breaking strength, it snaps.
4. The heavy ball remains hanging by the top string.
The key terms involved in this scenario are force, tension, stress, and breaking strength. The slow pull applies a force that increases tension and stress in the string until it reaches its breaking strength, ultimately causing it to break.
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The same force is applied to two cylinders that contain air. One has a piston with a large area, and the other has a piston with a small area. In which cylinder will the pressure be greater
The pressure will be greater in the cylinder with the piston of smaller area.
In the cylinders with different piston areas, the pressure will be greater in the cylinder with the piston of smaller area.
The pressure in a fluid is directly proportional to the force applied per unit area. This relationship is expressed by Pascal's principle, which states that the pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to all portions of the fluid and the walls of its container.
When the same force is applied to the two cylinders, the cylinder with the smaller piston area will have a smaller total force acting on it compared to the cylinder with the larger piston area. Since pressure is force divided by area, a smaller force applied over a smaller area results in a higher pressure.
Therefore, the cylinder with the piston of smaller area will have a greater pressure compared to the cylinder with the piston of larger area.
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You throw a ball straight forward with a velocity of 20
m/s, from a height of 1 meter. How far will it be when it hits the ground after 0.45 seconds?
The ball will continue to advance at a speed of 2.0 m/s once it rolls off the edge of the table until it lands on the ground after 0.45 seconds.
Why do we do it?The ball is behaving just like it has been dropped. Nature is unconcerned by the fact that it is also advancing.
D=1/2gt2 and T=√2d/g
By entering the table's height and the gravitational acceleration, we can calculate the time in seconds:
t= √2(1.5m)/9.8m⋅s−2 = 0.553s
So, for a little bit longer than a half-second, the ball will be in the air (and thus able to move ahead). To find the distance travelled, we simply reverse the speed equation, s=dt, and insert in the speed and time:
d= 20m/s(0.553s)= 1.11m
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