Write all steps in the complete ionization of carbonic acid, H2CO3. (Write the ionization equations.)

Answer:

Problem: The Ba3(PO4)2 (molar mass = 601.93 g/mol) precipitate that formed from a salt mixture has a mass of 0.667 g.

The molar mass of barium phosphate is 601.93 g/mol.

Molar mass is defined as the mass of a compound divided by the number of moles which is the amount of substance .It is a bulk quantity and not a molecular property of a substance . They are mostly calculated by adding the atomic masses of constituent elements in a compound.

It is an average of many particles or molecules.Molar mass is an intensive property as it does  not depend on size of the sample.It has units of kg/mol. Molar masses of elements is given by relative atomic mass of element whereas that of compounds is given by the sum of relative atomic mass multiplied by the molar mass constant.

They are never measured directly , they are measured from the standard atomic masses.

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Answer:

5.0

Explanation:

Answer: C. hydrogen, helium, carbon, oxygen

Explanation: Hydrogen and helium are created during the fusion process in the core of the star. As the star evolves, it begins to fuse helium into carbon and oxygen. When the core runs out of helium, it collapses and heats up, causing the outer layers of the star to expand and cool, forming a red giant. Eventually, the red giant will shed its outer layers and form a planetary nebula, leaving behind a small, hot core made mostly of carbon and oxygen.

5.20 g / 40.00 g = 0.130 moles NaOH

molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution

M = 0.130 moles / 0.500 L

M = 0.260

b) 0.260 M

The molarity of the solution is 0.260M

Molarity is the moles of a solute per litres of a solution. Molarity is also known as the molar concentration of a solution. It is denoted by M.

Solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.

Molarity = Moles of solute / litres of solution

5.20g / 40.00g/mol = 0.130 moles NaOH

M = 0.130 moles / 0.500L

M = 0.260M

Hence, option 2 is the answer.

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Answer:

12ml per hour and

69% LOL

1) The rate of percolation would be 0.33 ml/s

Percolation rate = volume of water/time

                             =  600/1800s

                              = 0.33 ml/s

2) The percentage of water absorbed would be 40%

Percentage of water absorbed = amount absorbed/total water x 100

                 amount of water absorbed = 100 - 60

                                                      = 40 ml

                  total amount of water = 100 ml

   Percentage of water absorbed = 40/100 x 100

                                                       = 40%

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Nuclear fission occurs when a nucleus breaks up into two equal fragments that release and separate more atoms. So, the correct option is B.

Nuclear fission is a process in which the nucleus of an atom breaks apart into two or more smaller nuclei. This process releases a significant amount of energy.

This energy is utilized in various applications, including nuclear power generation and nuclear weapons. Nuclear fission reactions are carefully controlled in nuclear power plants to ensure the sustained release of energy without leading to uncontrolled chain reactions. Hence the correct option is B.

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Answer:

Correct option is C 104 g

Explanation:

According to law of conservation of mass

mass of reactant = mass of product

So, mass of reactant =64+192=256g

Mass of product =152+ mass of zinc

So, we get

256=152+ mass of zinc

Mass of zinc =104g

Explanation:

152g-64g=88g

192g-88g= 104 g

option correct is C

Answer: The enthalpy change for formation of butane is -125 kJ/mol

Explanation:

The balanced chemical reaction is,

\(C_4H_{10}(g)+\frac{13}{2}O_2(g)\rightarrow 4CO_2(g)+5H_2O(l)\)

The expression for enthalpy change is,

\(\Delta H=[n\times H_f{products}]-[n\times H_f{reactants}]\)

Putting the values we get :

\(\Delta H=[4\times H_f_{CO_2}+5\times H_f_{H_2O}]-[1\times H_f_{C_4H_{10}}+\frac{13}{2}\times H_f_{O_2}]\)

\(-2877=[(4\times -393)+(5\times -286)]-[1\times H_f_{C_4H_{10}}+\frac{13}{2}\times 0]\)

\(H_f_{C_4H_{10}=-125kJ/mol\)

Thus enthalpy change for formation of butane is -125 kJ/mol

Answer:

10

Explanation:

the volume of C2H2 reacted with 25 moles of O2

9.85L of ethyne is needed to react with 25 L of oxygen for the reaction at STP.

The mole is an amount unit similar to familiar units like pair, dozen, gross, etc. It provides a specific measure of the number of atoms or molecules in a bulk sample of matter.

A mole is defined as the amount of substance containing the same number of atoms, molecules, ions, etc. as the number of atoms in a sample of pure 12C weighing exactly 12 g.

Given,

Volume of oxygen = 25 L

We know that 1 mole of a gas occupies 22.4 L of volume

So, 25L is occupied by 1.11 moles of oxygen.

From the reaction, 5 moles of oxygen needs 2 moles of ethyne.

1 mole of oxygen would need 2/5 moles of ethyne

Thus, moles of ethyne needed = ( 2 / 5) × 1.11

= 0.44 moles

Volume of ethyne needed = 0.44 × 22.4 = 9.85 L

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Answer: a compound!

Explanation: a compound is something that contains two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed proportion!

Answer: Significant figures in a measurement are all measured digits, and one estimated digit

Significant figures communicate the level of precision in measurements Significant figures are an indicator of the certainty in measurements.

Explanation:

Significant figures : The figures in a number which express the value or the magnitude of a quantity to a specific degree of accuracy or precision is known as significant digits.

The significant figures of a measured quantity are defined as all the digits known with certainty and the first uncertain or estimated digit.

Rules for significant figures:

1. Digits from 1 to 9 are always significant and have infinite number of significant figures.

2. All non-zero numbers are always significant.

3. All zero’s between integers are always significant.

4. All zero’s preceding the first integers are never significant.

5. All zero’s after the decimal point are always significant.

The true statements are

Significant figures in measurement are all measured digits, and one estimated digit

Significant figures communicate the level of precision in measurements Significant figures are an indicator of the certainty in measurements.

The following information should be considered:

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Answer:

First, we need to find the number of moles of HCl used in the titration:

moles HCl = M x V = 2.0 mol/L x 1.50 L = 3.00 mol

Since zinc hydroxide and HCl react in a 1:2 molar ratio according to the balanced chemical equation:

Zn(OH)2 + 2 HCl → ZnCl2 + 2 H2O

we know that twice as many moles of HCl are required to react with each mole of Zn(OH)2. Therefore, the number of moles of zinc hydroxide in the 5.00 kg sludge can be calculated as follows:

moles Zn(OH)2 = 1/2 x moles HCl = 1/2 x 3.00 mol = 1.50 mol

Finally, we can use the molar mass of Zn(OH)2 to convert the number of moles to mass:

mass Zn(OH)2 = moles Zn(OH)2 x molar mass Zn(OH)2

= 1.50 mol x 99.39 g/mol

= 149.1 g

Therefore, the mass of zinc contained in the 5.00 kg sludge is 149.1 grams.

Explanation:

50.0 mL of 2.45 M KCl i.e potassium chloride require 9.13 grammes of KCl. The correct answer is option B.

To calculate the number of grams of KCl needed to make a solution, we can use the formula:

Mass (grams) = Volume (liters) × Concentration (Molarity) × Molar mass (grams/mol)

a) In this case, the volume is given as 50.0 mL, which is equivalent to 0.0500 liters. The concentration is given as 2.45 M, and the molar mass of KCl is 74.55 g/mol.

Mass (grams) = 0.0500 L × 2.45 M × 74.55 g/mol ≈ 9.11 grams

Therefore, the correct option is b) 9.13 grams.

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The valence states provided are general representations and may vary depending on specific conditions and coordination environments.

a. Uvarovite: The mineral formula for uvarovite is Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3. In this formula, the valence state of calcium (Ca) is +2, the valence state of chromium (Cr) is +3, and the valence state of silicon (Si) is +4. Oxygen (O) is usually assigned a valence state of -2.

b. Azurite: The mineral formula for azurite is Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2. In this formula, the valence state of copper (Cu) is +2, carbonate (CO3) has a valence state of -2, and hydroxide (OH) has a valence state of -1.

c. Cuprite: The mineral formula for cuprite is Cu2O. In this formula, the valence state of copper (Cu) is +1, and oxygen (O) is usually assigned a valence state of -2.

d. Gypsum: The mineral formula for gypsum is CaSO4·2H2O. In this formula, the valence state of calcium (Ca) is +2, sulfur (S) has a valence state of +6, and oxygen (O) is usually assigned a valence state of -2. The water molecules (H2O) do not have a net charge.

e. Galena: The mineral formula for galena is PbS. In this formula, the valence state of lead (Pb) is +2, and sulfur (S) has a valence state of -2.

It's important to note that the valence states provided are general representations and may vary depending on specific conditions and coordination environments.

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The amount of table salt in one serving or 155g of chips is 0.608g if the sample of chips used to make the filtrate weighed 75.5 kg.

By undergoing titration by Mohr's method with AgNO₃ and KCl, The chemical reaction is given by,

AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) --> AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

No moles of KCI are given by W/G.M.Wt

= 0.5/74.55

= 0.006707 moles of KCI

Then, from the reaction,

no of moles of KCI = no of moles of AgNO₃

Therefore,

molarity of AgNO₃ = no of moles/volume in L

= 0.006707/0.0625

= 0.107312M

47.2 ml of AgNO₃ solution to precipitate all of the chlorides.

Then, no of moles of Cl⁻ = molarity x volume in L

On substituting,

= 0.107312*0.0472

= 0.005065 moles

no of moles of Cl⁻ = no of moles of NaCl

mass of NaCl = no of moles of NaCl x gram molar mass of NaCl

 = 0.005065 x 58.5

 = 0.2963g of NaCl

155/75.5. = 2.05298013 chips

2.05298013x 0.2963 = 0.608298013 g

Therefore, 0.608g of NaCl is in 115g of chips.

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Calculating probabilities in R

(a) The probability that exactly 20 fish survive can be calculated using the binomial probability formula in R. Let's denote this probability as P(X = 20), where X follows a binomial distribution with n = 29 (total number of fish) and p = 0.74 (probability of survival, calculated as 1 - 0.26). The calculation in R would be:

```R

dbinom(20, size = 29, prob = 0.74)

```

The resulting probability is the answer to part (a).

(b) The probability that at least 14 fish survive can be calculated by summing the probabilities of 14, 15, 16, and so on, up to 29. Denoting this probability as P(X ≥ 14), the calculation in R would be:

```R

sum(dbinom(14:29, size = 29, prob = 0.74))

```

The resulting probability is the answer to part (b).

(c) The probability that at most 23 fish survive can be calculated by summing the probabilities of 0, 1, 2, and so on, up to 23. Denoting this probability as P(X ≤ 23), the calculation in R would be:

```R

sum(dbinom(0:23, size = 29, prob = 0.74))

```

The resulting probability is the answer to part (c).

(d) To find the mean and variance of the number of fish that survive, we can use the formulas for the binomial distribution. The mean (μ) is calculated as n * p, and the variance (σ²) is calculated as n * p * (1 - p). Using the given values of n = 29 and p = 0.74, we can calculate the mean and variance in R:

```R

n <- 29

p <- 0.74

mean <- n * p

variance <- n * p * (1 - p)

```

The resulting mean and variance values are the answer to part (d).

What are the probabilities and statistics calculated in R for fish survival in polluted water?

(a) To calculate the probability that exactly 20 fish survive, we use the binomial probability formula in R, which considers the total number of fish (n = 29) and the probability of survival (p = 0.74). The resulting probability represents the likelihood of observing exactly 20 surviving fish.

(b) The probability that at least 14 fish survive is calculated by summing the probabilities of 14, 15, 16, and so on, up to the total number of fish (29). This cumulative probability indicates the likelihood of observing 14 or more surviving fish.

(c) The probability that at most 23 fish survive is calculated by summing the probabilities of 0, 1, 2, and so on, up to 23. This cumulative probability represents the likelihood of observing 23 or fewer surviving fish.

(d) The mean and variance of the number of fish that survive can be found using the formulas for the binomial distribution. The mean (μ) is equal to the product of the total number of fish (n) and the probability of survival (p).

The variance (σ²) is calculated as the product of n, p, and (1 - p). These values provide insights into the average and variability of fish survival in the given conditions.

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Answer:

mass number

Explanation:

Answer and Explanation: The value closest to the mass of an atom is its mass number. The mass number is the total count of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the...

mass number

hope that helped

Answer:

79.8g/dm³

Explanation:

As you can see, the solution in the problem contains 0.5 moles of copper sulfate per dm³. To solve this question we must convert these moles to grams using its molar mass (Molar mass CuSO4 = 159.609g/mol) as follows:

0.5mol CuSO4/dm³ * (159.609g/mol) =

The formula of the copper oxide would be  \(Cu_2O\)

Mass of copper sample = 7.298 g

Mass of final product after reacting with oxygen = 8.217

Mass of oxygen = 8.217 - 7.298

                            = 0.919 g

Mole ratios

Cu = 7.298/63.546

             = 0.115

O = 0.919/16

     = 0.057

Cu = 0.115/0.057

          = 2

O = 0.057/0.057

    = 1

Thus, the formula for the copper oxide will be \(Cu_2O\)

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Answer:

Internal Cue

Explanation:

Answer:

an internal cue

Explanation:

just think

Answer:

pH = 4.27. Porcentaje de disociación: 0.03%

Explanation:

El pH de un ácido débil, HX, se obtiene haciendo uso de su equilibrio:

HX(aq) ⇄ H⁺(aq) + X⁻(aq)

Donde la constante de equilibrio, Ka, es

Ka = 1.65x10⁻⁸ = [H⁺] [X⁻] / [HX]

Como los iones H⁺ y X⁻ vienen del mismo equilibrio podemos decir:

[H⁺] = [X⁻]

[HX] es:

20g * (1mol/55g) = 0.3636moles / 2.100L = 0.1732M

Reemplazando es Ka:

1.65x10⁻⁸ = [H⁺] [H⁺] / [0.1732M]

2.858x10⁻⁹ = [H⁺]²

5.35x10⁻⁵M = [H⁺]

pH = -log[H⁺]

El porcentaje de disociacion es [X⁻] / [HX] inicial * 100

Reemplazando

5.35x10⁻⁵M / 0.1732M * 100

Carnot's work attracted little attention during his lifetime, but it was later used by Rudolf Clausius and Lord Kelvin to formalize the second law of thermodynamics and define the concept of entropy.

Sadi Carnot was a French physicist who is known for his studies on the efficiency of heat engines. In 1824, he published a book called "Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire," in which he laid out the principles of thermodynamics and introduced the concept of entropy. His work was crucial in the development of the steam engine, as it helped engineers to understand how to make engines more efficient. Carnot's studies on steam engine efficiency laid the groundwork for the development of the concept of entropy, which is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system. (C)

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A galvanic anode that would NOT be used to provide CP to steel is:.D) Chromium is not commonly used as a galvanic anode for the cathodic protection (CP) of steel. Magnesium, aluminum, and zinc are commonly used galvanic anodes for the CP of steel.

A galvanic anode is a type of sacrificial anode that is used to protect metal structures from corrosion. It is made from a more active metal than the metal being protected, such as zinc, aluminum, or magnesium. When the anode is electrically connected to the metal being protected and immersed in an electrolyte, such as seawater, a galvanic cell is created. This results in the anode corroding instead of the protected metal. As the anode corrodes, it releases electrons that flow through the electrolyte to the metal being protected, preventing it from corroding. Galvanic anodes are commonly used in pipelines, ships, and offshore structures to prevent corrosion.

Galvanic anodes are commonly used as a form of cathodic protection (CP) to protect metallic structures from corrosion. The anode material is more reactive than the metal being protected, and when connected to the structure through a conductive medium, it corrodes preferentially to the protected metal, thereby providing CP.

Magnesium, aluminum, and zinc are all commonly used as galvanic anodes for CP because they are more reactive than steel and corrode preferentially to it. However, chromium is not typically used as a galvanic anode for CP because it is less reactive than steel and would not provide sufficient protection. Instead, chromium is often used as a passive protective coating on steel, as it forms a thin, stable oxide layer that helps to prevent corrosion.

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The molarity of NaOH is \(0.24009 \mathrm{M}$\).

This is the formula for molarity:

\(\text { molarity of } \mathrm{NaOH}=\frac{\text { number of moles of } \mathrm{NaOH}}{\text { volume of } \mathrm{NaOH} \text { solution }(\mathrm{L})}$$\)

First, we need to find the number of moles of \($\mathrm{NaOH}$\) :

\($K H P$\) being "monoprotic" mean s that one mole of KHP is one equivalent. Basically, 1 molecule of KHP only donates \($1 H^{+}$\) ion.

We also know that\($\mathrm{NaOH}$\) is a monoprotic base, because there's only one \($\mathrm{OH}^{-}$\) ion in its chemical formula.

Therefore, 1 mole of KHP will correspond to 1 mole of \($\mathrm{NaOH}$\) in a neutralisation reaction.

In other words, 1 mole of \($\mathrm{NaOH}$\) will neutralise 1 mole of \($\mathrm{KHP}$\).

The number of moles of KHP that was neutralised was:

\($\frac{1.25}{39.098+1.008+8 \times 12.01+4 \times 1.008+4 \times 16}$\)

= 0.00612 moles

Because the mole ratio of K H P to N a O H is 1 : 1 , 0.00612moles of N a O H must have neutralised 0.00612 moles of K H P .

Then, we need to find the volume of the N a O H solution. This is pretty simple, actually, because it was given to us in the question: 28.05  mL , or 0.02549 L .

Finally, we just need to plug these values into the formula for molarity:

molarity of \($\mathrm{NaOH}=\frac{\text { number of moles of } \mathrm{NaOH}}{\text { volume of } \mathrm{NaOH} \text { solution }(\mathrm{L})}$\)

molarity of \($\mathrm{NaOH}=\frac{0.00612 \mathrm{~mol}}{0.02549 \mathrm{~L}}$\)

molarity of \($\mathrm{NaOH}=0.24009 \mathrm{M}$\)

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Answer:

A molecule is symmetrical if it can be cut into two identical halves.

Explanation:

H2 can be written as H + H

CH4 is not a symmetrical molecule

To solve this problem, we can use the Ideal Gas Law, which relates the pressure (P), volume (V), number of moles (n), and temperature (T) of a gas. The Ideal Gas Law is expressed as:

PV = nRT

where R is the gas constant.

R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K

We can rearrange this equation to solve for pressure:

P = nRT/V

where:

n = 0.500 mol (number of moles of N2 gas)

R = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K (gas constant)

T = 298 K (temperature)

V = 10.0 L (volume)

Substituting the values:

P = (0.500 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(298 K)/(10.0 L)

P = 12.1 atm

Therefore, the pressure exerted by a 0.500 mol sample of N2 gas in a 10.0 L container at 298 K is 12.1 atm.

HClO will not dissociate completely in water among the given option.

When acids dissolve in water, they can dissociate into ions. Strong acids dissociate completely, while weak acids only partially dissociate. To determine which acid will not dissociate completely, we need to identify the weak acid among the options.

HClO is a weak acid known as hypochlorous acid. It does not dissociate completely in water. Instead, it partially dissociates into H⁺ and ClO⁻ ions.

On the other hand, HCl, HClO₄, and HNO₃ are strong acids and dissociate completely in water, producing H⁺ ions. These strong acids are considered to be fully ionized in aqueous solutions.

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The volume needed to make 1.98 M of the solution is 2.12L

Molarity of a given solution is defined as the total number of moles of solute per litre of solution. One molar is the molarity of a solution where one gram of solute is dissolved in a litre of solution. As we know, in a solution, the solvent and solute blend to form a solution, hence, the total volume of the solution is taken.

Given,

Molarity = 1.98m

Moles = 4.2 mol

Molarity = number of moles of solute / volume of solution in L

Volume = moles / molarity

= 4.2 / 1.98

= 2.12 L

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