Which of the following are correct base pairings for DNA?
a. A-G, C-T
b. A-T, C-G
c. A-U, C-G
d. C-G, T-U
DNA contains the bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) (T) nucleotide. These bases come in particular pairs (A with T, and G with C).
What components make up a DNA nucleotide?
a molecule made up of a sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogen-containing basic (adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA; adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA) (deoxyribose in DNA; ribose in RNA)
Where do DNA nucleotides get their start?
The primary organ for the de novo production of all nucleotide bases is the liver. Pyrimidines and purines are synthesized from scratch using two distinct processes.
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What is biodiversity
Answer:
Biodiversity is the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is typically a measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem level.
Explanation:
What process is used to make enzymes?
Answer:
Enzymes are a protein in nature and are made when amino acid links together in the correct sequence.
2. The pedigree shows the phenotypes for hair color in a family over four
generations.
In this pedigree, light hair color is the recessive allele, and dark hair color is
the dominant allele.
Which Punnett square shows the possible genotype for offspring W's hair
color?
d
d
D
Dd
Dd
d
dd
dd
B. D
D DD
d
DD
d Dd Dd
D
D Dd
d Dd
d
Dd
Dd
D.
D
D
Dd
d Dd
d
DD
dd
W
FAMILY PEDIGREE
8-0
or
of
Key
Dark hair color
O Light hair color
Male
Female
The pedigree shows that over the four generations, there are both dominant and recessive alleles present.
What is an Allele?An allele is a genetic variety. Alleles can be either dominant or recessive, and they determine a person's hereditary characteristics such as eye color, hair color, and other physical traits. Every gene has at least two alleles, which are inherited from one's parents. Alleles can be the same or different, and the presence of certain alleles can affect the expression of a trait.
In the first generation, both the father and mother have dark hair color, showing a dominant allele. In the second generation, two of the children have dark hair color, again showing a dominant allele, while the other two children have light hair color, showing a recessive allele. In the third generation, two of the children have dark hair color, again showing a dominant allele, while the other two children have light hair color, showing a recessive allele. Finally, in the fourth generation, two of the children have dark hair color, again showing a dominant allele, while the other two children have light hair color, showing a recessive allele.
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The browning of potatoes on contact with oxygen is caused by the enzyme reaction depicted above. Which of the following could increase the rate of this reaction?
A. Adding more catechol oxidase
B. Adding more benzoquinone
C. Reducing the amount of catechol
D.Reducing the amount of catechol oxidase
Pls help! P.S. you may or may not have to click on the picture to see all of it. Thank you.
Answer:
I think it is adding catechol oxidase
Explanation:
This is because more enzymes are able to take in more substrates, or reactants more quickly, therefore increasing the speed of the reaction.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
he is correct it is adding catechol oxidase
Explanation:
it would increase the rate of the reaction
What three types of atoms are in both carbohydrates and lipids?
Answer:
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
Explanation:
Which statements describe a human-created mass extinction? Select three correct choices.
It results from the disappearance of entire species in a short time.
It results from the disappearance of a few organisms in a short time.
It is caused by the growth of the human population.
It is a type of long-term change.
It is a type of short-term change.
It is caused by a decrease in the introduction of nonnative species.
The answer is A,C,D
The statements that describes a human-created mass extinction includes:
(C). It is caused by the growth of the human population.(D). It is a type of long-term change.(A). It results from the disappearance of entire species in a short time.Meaning of mass extinctionmass extinction can be defined as an occurrence where a significant amount of members of a particular specie disappears or vanishes.
Mass extinction has led to the loss of an entire specie race and the reduction in the number of a specie if affected.
In conclusion, The statements that describes a human-created mass extinction are highlighted above.
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Science 20 points please help I think I know the answer I just want to be sure.
Explain how science uses fossil evidence paired with geologic time to support the theory of evolution. Explain
and support your answer and thinking.
Answer:
fossil geologic time
Explanation:
what is the term used to describe having a trait that can be passed on to subsequent generations that increases the organisms ability to survive in its environment and reproduce?
A) genetic variation
B) fitness
C) natural selection
D) adaptation
D) adaptation
Explanation:An organism's ability to adapt to its environment is referred to as an adaptation. To describe changes in a population's DNA as a result of natural selection, the term can also be used.
I hope this helps you
:)
Answer:
The person above me is correct! The anser is D) adaptation.
differential media contains only the minimum nutrient requirements for microbial growth. select one: a. true b. false
False. Differential media not only contain the minimum nutrient requirements for microbial growth, but also additional components that allow for the differentiation of different types of microorganisms based on their biochemical or metabolic properties.
These additional components can include specific carbohydrates, pH indicators, or other chemicals that react differently with different types of microorganisms. As a result, when microorganisms are grown on differential media, they will produce different colors, patterns, or other observable characteristics that can be used to identify or distinguish them from other microorganisms.
The statement "differential media contains only the minimum nutrient requirements for microbial growth" is false. Differential media contain specific nutrients or chemicals that allow for the differentiation of particular microbes based on their metabolic or biochemical characteristics. These media often have more complex formulations than the minimum nutrient requirements for microbial growth. The purpose of differential media is to visually distinguish different types of microorganisms based on their growth patterns, colony morphology, or color changes in the medium.
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Can one of you help me please
Answer:
Glucose
General Formulas and Concepts:
Biology - Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration CycleCellular Respiration Reaction: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6H₂O + 6CO₂ + energyExplanation:
According to the Cellular Respiration Reaction, our reactants are glucose and oxygen and our products are water, carbon dioxide, and energy.
Therefore, the only answer choice that fits is "glucose".
Please Help I will mark bRAINLIEST
Answer:
d
Explanation:
In particular, organelles called chloroplasts allow plants to capture the energy of the Sun in energy-rich molecules; cell walls allow plants to have rigid structures as varied as wood trunks and supple leaves; and vacuoles allow plant cells to change size.
what is mitosis and meosis
Answer:
Explanation:
Cells Need to duplicate and reproduce.
Mitosis is the duplication of a cell.
Adds new cells during devolpment and replaces worn out cells.
It's Goal:
To duplicate it's DNA of it's two new cells (daughter cells) which have the same gentic code. (Identicial)
(One Cell division)
Meiosis
One Purpose in the human body: To make daughter cells with half as many chomosomes in the starting cell.
Meiosis is where one single cell divides twice to form four daughter cells.
These cells contain half the amount of gentic information.
These cells also produces eggs and sperms in females. (Sex Cells or Gametes)
Meiosis can also be divided into nine stages.
Mitosis and Meosis go through simlair stages to orgaznize and seperate chormosomes making them so similar.
Answer:
Mitosis is a type of cell division which occurs to replace damaged cells. It's also important for growth. If mitosis wasn't happening in our body right now, we would practically not be alive. Meiosis is special type of cell division in specific organisms used to produce sperm or egg cells.
Seeds are the offspring of mature plants. If a seed germinates and survives, it will grow to become a mature plant. Based on this information, what level of organization describes seeds?
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
Answer:
The correct answer is: organism.
Explanation:
If the seeds are the offspring of a mature plant, which is a living organism, that means that they are organisms on their own as well. Just because the seed hasn't grown into a mature plant, it doesn't mean that is not alive. Seeds are actually organisms with dormant cells - waiting for the moment they encounter appropriate conditions for them to grow and perform typical cellular functions as mature plants do.
climate change that results from carbon dioxide emissions from cars is an example of a(n) ________ cost.
Climate change that results from carbon dioxide emissions from cars is an example of a(n) negative externality cost.
Negative externality costs are the costs or harms that are incurred by third parties as a result of economic activities, without those parties being compensated for the harm.
In the case of carbon dioxide emissions from cars, the harm caused by climate change is not directly borne by the car manufacturers or the car users, but rather by society as a whole and future generations who will have to deal with the consequences of global warming, such as rising sea levels, more frequent and severe weather events, and other environmental and social impacts.
Because the cost of these negative externalities is not reflected in the market price of cars or gasoline, there is no economic incentive for car manufacturers or car users to reduce their emissions or use alternative, less carbon-intensive forms of transportation.
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how does the placement of the mica sheet and the direction of light affect the growth of a plant?
Answer:
Explanation:
When the mica plate was inserted on the illuminated side, the plant did bend towards the light. Therefore, the chemical signal was a growth stimulant because the phototropic response involved faster cell elongation on the shaded side than on the illuminated side.
Which of the following structures maintains homeostasis in the cell? *
Captionless Image
A
B
C
D
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Plasma membraneAnswer:
I guess B is your answer
Explanation:
in the process of neurotransmission, the action potential causes neurotransmitters to be released from the ______________ into the _______________.
In the process of neurotransmission, the action potential causes neurotransmitters to be released from the synaptic vesicles into the synapse.
Neurotransmission is an essential process in biology, allowing the communication between neurons in the brain and body.
In this process, action potentials cause neurotransmitters to be released from synaptic vesicles into the synapse, where the neurotransmitter binds to a receptor on the postsynaptic cell.
This binding triggers a response in the postsynaptic cell, either excitatory or inhibitory.
This neurotransmission process is the basis of communication in the nervous system, and is an essential part of how our bodies and brains work.
Neurotransmission is the process by which information is passed from one neuron to another. In this process, an action potential is generated, triggering the release of neurotransmitters from synaptic vesicles into the synapse.
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signals pass through a cell junction from one cell to adjacent cells. membrane-bound signals bind to receptors on adjacent cells in the process of
contact-dependent signaling is the proccess in which the signals pass through a cell junction from one cell to adjacent cells
In direct intracellular signaling, signals pass through a cell junction from one cell to adjacent cells. - Membrane-bound signals bind to receptors on adjacent cells in the process of contact-dependent signaling. Example--(Delta-Notch pathway used in embryonic development. Delta, a transmembrane protein on the signaling cell, binds to Notch, a receptor on the receiving cell. Notch alters its conformation, allowing its cytoplasmic domain to be cut off by an enzyme called a secretase.)
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3. Some species play roles that may be difficult to see obviously. Brainstorm some
possible outcomes that may occur if important bacteria became extinct in an
ecosystem.
* Food chains would collapse. Many bacteria are essential for the decomposition of organic matter, which is a key part of the food chain. Without bacteria, dead plants and animals would pile up, and the nutrients they contain would be locked away. This would starve many animals, and could lead to the collapse of entire food chains.
* Diseases would spread. Many bacteria are responsible for causing diseases in plants and animals. Without these bacteria, diseases would be less common. However, some beneficial bacteria would also be lost, which could lead to other problems.
* The environment would be polluted. Bacteria are responsible for breaking down pollutants, such as sewage and industrial waste. Without bacteria, these pollutants would build up in the environment, which could have a negative impact on the health of both humans and animals.
* The climate would change. Bacteria play a role in the carbon cycle, which is the process by which carbon is exchanged between the atmosphere, the oceans, and the Earth. Without bacteria, the carbon cycle would be disrupted, which could lead to climate change.
It is important to note that these are just some of the possible outcomes that could occur if important bacteria became extinct. The exact consequences would depend on the specific bacteria that were lost, and the ecosystem in which they lived. However, it is clear that the loss of important bacteria would have a devastating impact on life on Earth.
The extinction of important bacteria can disrupt the natural balance of the ecosystem, affect food chains by impacting digestion in many animals, and result in reduced plant growth due to their role in nitrogen fixation.
Explanation:Important bacteria play a crucial role in any ecosystem. Should they become extinct, the results can be catastrophic. First, the absence of certain bacteria can disrupt the natural balance of the ecosystem as they help in decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients. Second, many animals depend on bacteria for digestion. Their extinction would, therefore, negatively affect food chains. Lastly, bacteria help in nitrogen fixation, a crucial process for plant growth, and their extinction can thus lead to reduced plant growth and subsequently affect all life forms that depend on them.
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A person walked 3 miles north turns and walks 2 miles east. Calculate the persons distance traveled and the displacement.
Answer:
displacement
Explanation:
3.61
Distance travelled by the person is 3 + 2 = 5 miles. Displacement of the object is 1 mile.
What are distance and displacement?Distance is the actual length travelled by the body. Displacement is the shortest distance travelled by the body.
Total distance travelled by the thing. This is dependent on the entire route taken, not just the beginning and ending locations. Travel distance is usually a positive quantity. a scalar quantity with the following units.
A change in an object's location. We write "change" as "Delta xx delta," where "x" stands for displacement. a vector quantity.
Therefore, the Distance travelled by the person is 3 + 2 = 5 miles. Displacement of the object is 1 mile.
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24. The legs of a crocodile and a mouse have similar bone structure and develop in a similar way. Similar
features that originated in a shared ancestor are called
a. Vestigial structures
b. Analogous structures
C. Homologous structures
d. Embryological structures
Answer:
Homologous structures
Explanation:
Its C
Similar features that originated in a shared ancestor are called Homologous structure. So, the correct option is C.
What is Homologous structure?Homologous structures are defined as structures that have a common basic structure but perform different functions. For example, the forelimbs of reptiles, amphibians and mammals all have a common ancestor but have been variously modified to perform different activities.
Homologous structures share a similar ancestor as they are modified to perform distinct tasks. Like in the above given example, the legs of a crocodile and a mouse have similar bone structure and develop in a similar way.
Thus, similar features that originated in a shared ancestor are called Homologous structure. So, the correct option is C.
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What prevents the earth from over-heating if it absorbing the sun's energy continuously?
which of the following best describes secondary active transport? which of the following best describes secondary active transport? secondary active transport occurs when one substance is coupled with the passive transport of a second substance. secondary active transport involves the movement of water by osmosis into a cell. secondary active transport involves the movement of a substance into a cell through a protein channel with its concentration gradient. secondary active transport involves the movement of a substance into a cell with its concentration gradient.
Secondary active transport occurs when one substance is coupled with the passive transport of a second substance.
The best description of secondary active transport is the statement: "Secondary active transport occurs when one substance is coupled with the passive transport of a second substance." In secondary active transport, the movement of one substance across the cell membrane is coupled with the movement of another substance, taking advantage of the existing concentration gradient created by another transport process.
This process typically involves a carrier protein or co-transporter that facilitates the movement of one substance against its concentration gradient while utilizing the energy stored in the electrochemical gradient of another substance. The energy derived from the favorable movement of the second substance down its concentration gradient is used to drive the transport of the first substance against its concentration gradient.
This mechanism allows cells to transport substances, such as ions or nutrients, into or out of the cell using the energy derived from the pre-established gradient of another substance. It is an essential process for the active uptake or extrusion of various molecules in cellular functions like nutrient absorption in the intestines or reabsorption in the kidneys.
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Kasey complains of feeling tired often, so she drinks Diet Coke, coffee, and espresso
drinks. a. What do you think may be to blame for her lack of energy? Provide a few
examples.
b. What solutions would you recommend to Kasey to help with her fatigue?
Kasey's lack of energy could be attributed to several factors, including inadequate sleep, poor nutrition, excessive caffeine consumption, and lack of physical activity.
a. Inadequate sleep: If Kasey is not getting enough sleep or has poor sleep quality, it can lead to tiredness and lack of energy. She may need to assess her sleep schedule and make adjustments to ensure she is getting sufficient rest. To help with her fatigue, I would recommend the following solutions: Prioritize sleep: Kasey should aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night and establish a consistent sleep schedule. Balanced diet: Encourage Kasey to incorporate nutrient-rich foods into her diet, including fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. It may be helpful for her to consult with a registered dietitian for personalized nutritional guidance.
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Answer the following questions..
1. The following are flu vaccines available for 2021-2022.
Flucelvax Quadrivalent
Flublok Quadrivalent
FluMist Quadrivalent
Which vaccine is best for an individual who is allergic to eggs?
Which vaccine is best for someone over 65 years of age?
Which vaccine is best for a 1 year old?
2A. As of May 15,2022, how many cases of COVID-19 have been reported in King County?
2BWhat is the general trend in numbers of cases? Are they increasing, decreasing, or staying the same? (1)
2C. Compare the 7 day hospital occupancy data for the week of 1/18/-1/24/22 to 5/3/-5/19/22. Why is there a difference in the data for these two weeks? Be specific.
3. Tests to detect the virus are either a rapid antigen test or PCR based test. What is each of the tests detecting? (Be specific).
4. How can a patient have a negative rapid antigen test but a positive PCR test? Explain.
The following vaccines are best for the respective individuals: For an individual who is allergic to eggs, Flublok Quadrivalent is the best option as it is made without the use of eggs. For someone over 65 years of age, Fluzone High-Dose or Flublok Quadrivalent is the best option.
For a 1-year-old, FluMist Quadrivalent is the best option as it is administered through the nose.
2C. The difference in the 7-day hospital occupancy data for the week of 1/18/-1/24/22 to 5/3/-5/19/22 can be attributed to several factors such as the emergence of new variants of the virus, changes in vaccination rates, and changes in mitigation measures implemented by authorities.
3. A rapid antigen test is detecting the virus's proteins, while a PCR-based test is detecting the virus's genetic material (RNA).
4. A patient can have a negative rapid antigen test but a positive PCR test if the rapid antigen test was done during the early stages of the infection when the virus is not yet producing enough proteins to be detected by the test.
The PCR test is more sensitive and can detect smaller amounts of viral RNA, so it can give a positive result even when the antigen test is negative.
Additionally, the antigen test can give false negative results due to issues such as improper sample collection or storage, while the PCR test is less likely to give false negatives.
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Why is it essential for SARS-CoV2 RNA be translated on ribosomes before it can be replicated?
The SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1), also referred to as the host shutoff factor, suppresses host innate immune functions. By combining cryo-electron microscopy and biochemistry, we show that SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 binds to the human 40S subunit in ribosomal complexes, including the 43S pre-initiation complex and the non-translating 80S ribosome. The protein inserts its C-terminal domain into the mRNA channel, where it interferes with mRNA binding. We observe translation inhibition in the presence of Nsp1 in an in vitro translation system and in human cells.
Why are sugars and chlorophyll in the same parts of the plant?
Answer:
Chlorophyll create the sugars through photosynthesis
1. What is a mutation?
Answer: A Mutation occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene
Explanation:
I really need help in biology please
Answer:
What is the genotype for a h0m0zygous dominant plant? PP
What is the phenotype? Purple plants
What is the genotype for a h0m0zygous recessive plant? pp
What is the phenotype? White plants
What is the genotype for a heterozygous plant? Pp
What is the phenotype? Purple plants.
What is the genotype for a h0m0zygous dominant for freckles? FF
What is the phenotype? Freckles
What is the genotype for a h0m0zygous recessive for freckles? ff
What is the phenotype? No freckles
What is the genotype for a heterozygous individual for freckles? Ff
What is the phenotype? Freckles.
Each individual has two alleles for a given gene.
For example, the allele dimples are dominant. How would you represent this allele? With capital letters, for example, DD.
The allele for no dimple is recessive. How would you represent this allele? With lowercase letters, for example, dd.
The allele for brown eyes is dominant. How would you represent this allele? With capital letters, for example, BB.
The allele for blue eyes is recessive. How would you represent this allele? With lowercase letters, for example, bb.
PP: h0m0zygous dominant; Yy: heterozygous; Ss: heterozygous; bb:h0m0zygous recessive; FF: h0m0zygous dominant
Explanation:
Every being, such as plants, animals, or humans, have two different copies of a gene. These are alleles. These copies can be dominant or recessive.
Dominant genes are the ones that we will see. They "hide" the recessive gene. Recessive genes are the ones that we will only express if the two alleles are recessive since there is no dominant gene that hides the other.
Genotype is the genes that an individual or animal has. We can not see it. For example, a person can have a dominant trait for blue eyes and a recessive trait for brown eyes (Bb)s. In other words, it is the genetic information that a person carries. The phenotype is what we can see of a trait. Following the previous example, the dominant trait is blue eyes, and the recessive is brown, so the gene that will express itself is blue eyes, and we will able to see it.
The pair of alleles can be h0m0zygous and heterozygous. H0m0zygous is when the two traits are the same, for example, BB or bb. Heterozygous is when the traits are different, like, Bb.
Pea plants have two flower varieties where purple is dominant over white. The dominant trait, we represent it with a capital letter, in this case, P, because it is the first letter in purple. The recessive trait we represent it with a lowercase letter, in this case, p.
The genotype for a h0m0zygous dominant plant would be PP. We have to remember that the genotype is the information that the plant carries. If this information is h0m0zygous, it means the two alleles are the same, and if they are both dominant, we write capital letters. The phenotype is what we can see of the information; the gene that it is expressed, in this case, would be the color purple.
A h0m0zygous recessive plant has two alleles with the same information, and as they are recessive, we write two lowercase letters (pp). The genotype would be white plants since there is no dominant allele that covers the recessive one.
In a heterozygous plant, the traits are different. We have the dominant trait purple (P) and the recessive trait white (p). The dominant is the one that will express itself and the one that we will be able to see, see in a purple plant.
The following questions are similar to the first one. We know that freckles are a dominant trait, so we use a capital letter to represent it (F) and a lowercase letter to portrait the recessive trait, which is no freckles (f).
A h0m0zygous dominant means that the two alleles are the same and that one does not hide the other so, the genotype would be FF, and the phenotype would be a person with freckles.
If the person is h0m0zygous recessive, it means that it has the same traits, but one allele does not hide the other. The genotype would be ff, and the phenotype would be no freckles.
In the last case, the person is heterozygous, which means that it has one dominant and one recessive allele. The dominant allele will express itself; the genotype would be Ff, and the phenotype freckles.
In the following questions, we know that we represent dominant alleles with capital letters and recessive ones with lowercase letters, if it is a dominant allele for brown eyes, we write BB, taking the first letter of the dominant trait, in this case, brown. If it is a recessive trait, we write lowercase letters, in this case, bb for blue eyes.
In the last set of questions, we have to observe the letters to find the genotype.
PP, FF: the two letters are the same, which means that the allele is h0m0zygous. Also, they are both in capital letters, so they are dominant traits. Yy, Ss: the two letters are different, one is in capital letters, and the other is not. The allele is heterozygous. bb: the two letters are the same, so they carry the same information. They are h0m0zygous. Both of them are in lowercase, so they are recessive alleles.