Which step in the Scientific Method should be done after asking a question and before developing a hypothesis? A)analyze the data
B)communicate findings
C) conduct background research D)design an experiment​

Answer:  well some ways to reduce these pollutants are by Keeping gas appliances properly adjusted. Consider to purchase a vented space heater when replacing an unvented one. Use a proper fuel in kerosene space heaters. And Install and use an exhaust fan vented to outdoors over gas stoves.

a) The sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts.

b) The sphere absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts.

c) The sphere's net rate of energy exchange is 102.09 Watts.

To calculate the rates of thermal radiation emission and absorption, we can use the Stefan-Boltzmann law, which states that the rate of thermal radiation emitted or absorbed by an object is proportional to its surface area, temperature, and the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.

a) The rate of thermal radiation emitted by the sphere can be calculated using the formula:

Emitting Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(temperature^4 - environment\ temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Emitting Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((32.2 + 273.15)^4 - (82.9 + 273.15)^4)\)

Emitting Rate ≈ 139.75 Watts

b) The rate of thermal radiation absorbed by the sphere can be calculated in a similar way but using the environment temperature as the object's temperature:

Absorbing Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(environment\ temperature^4 - temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Absorbing Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((82.9 + 273.15)^4 - (32.2 + 273.15)^4)\)

Absorbing Rate ≈ 37.66 Watts

c) The net rate of energy exchange is the difference between the emitting rate and the absorbing rate:

Net Rate = Emitting Rate - Absorbing Rate

Net Rate = 139.75 Watts - 37.66 Watts

Net Rate ≈ 102.09 Watts

Therefore, the sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts, absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts, and has a net rate of energy exchange of 102.09 Watts.

Note: The units for all the rates are Watts.

Learn more about thermal radiation emission

brainly.com/question/28517392

#SPJ11

TRUE. Enzymatic reactions are influenced by various environmental factors, such as temperature, pH, salt concentration, and the presence of cofactors or inhibitors. Enzymes have an optimal range for each of these factors, and any deviation from this range can cause a decrease in enzyme activity or even denaturation of the enzyme.

Temperature affects the rate of enzymatic reactions by affecting the kinetic energy of the molecules involved. As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of molecules increases, and the frequency of successful collisions between the enzyme and the substrate increases, resulting in faster reaction rates. However, above a certain temperature, the enzyme can become denatured and lose its activity. Similarly, pH affects the ionization state of amino acid residues in the enzyme active site, and changes in pH can affect the enzyme's ability to bind to the substrate or catalyze the reaction. Each enzyme has an optimal pH range at which it is most active, and deviations from this range can decrease the enzyme's activity. Therefore, it is true that environmental factors, such as pH and temperature, affect enzymatic reactions.

Learn more about  Enzymatic reactions here:

https://brainly.com/question/29411240

#SPJ11

0.12g Cu

The rate of flow of charge, measured in amperes, can be represented as coulombs per second.

4.0 minutes x 4.0 min x (60 s / 1 min) x (1.5 coulomb / 1s) x (1 mol e- / 96485 coulomb) x (1 mol Cu / 2 mol e-) x (63.55g Cu / 1 mol Cu)  equals 0.1186g Cu.

Approximately 0.12g Cu.

Apply the unit-factor approach as known as dimensional analysis. You can reach the solution with a one-line setup and a series of computations.

To learn more about charge, click here: -

https://brainly.com/question/18403197

#SPJ4

The initial pH of pure water is 7.0, and after adding 0.028 mol of NaOH to 280.0 ml of water, the final pH is approximately 13.0 due to an increase in hydroxide ion concentration.

The initial pH of pure water is 7.0, as it is considered neutral. After adding 0.028 mol of NaOH to 280.0 ml of pure water, the final pH can be calculated.

Pure water has a neutral pH of 7.0, which means it has an equal concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). When NaOH is added to water, it dissociates into Na+ and OH- ions. The OH- ions react with the H+ ions in the water, resulting in an increase in the concentration of hydroxide ions and a decrease in the concentration of hydrogen ions.

To calculate the final pH, we need to determine the concentration of OH- ions after the addition of NaOH. Since 0.028 mol of NaOH is added to 280.0 ml of water, the concentration of OH- ions can be calculated using the molarity formula:

Molarity = Moles of solute / Volume of solution (in liters)

Converting the volume of water to liters (280.0 ml = 0.280 L), we can calculate the molarity of the OH- ions:

Molarity of OH- = (0.028 mol) / (0.280 L) = 0.10 M

The concentration of OH- ions corresponds to the pOH value, which is the negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydroxide ion concentration:

pOH = -log [OH-] = -log (0.10) ≈ 1.0

Since pH + pOH = 14 (for neutral solutions), the final pH can be calculated:

pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 1.0 = 13.0

Therefore, the final pH after adding 0.028 mol of NaOH to 280.0 ml of pure water is approximately 13.0.

To learn more about Molarity click here: brainly.com/question/2817451

#SPJ11

The most reliable way to store the song would be to muse a digital storage system.

This is a device which is used to store files or other digital information made by people.

The advantage of this device is that it's safer and can be easily retrieved at any point in time.

Read more about Digital storage system here https://brainly.com/question/27468616

#SPJ1

3C⁻⁻ on reaction with HI gives I⁻⁻⁻ as the main products and not H⁻ and C₂H₅I.

When 3C⁻⁻ is reacted with HI, the reaction product obtained is I⁻⁻⁻ as the main product. The C₂H₅I and H⁻ are not produced in significant quantities and cannot be considered the main product.The 3C⁻⁻ compound reacts with HI in the presence of a solvent to produce hydrogen gas, H⁻, C₂H₅I, and I⁻⁻⁻. The primary product obtained is I⁻⁻⁻ because it is stable and has a higher energy than C₂H₅I and H⁻.However, the reaction can be controlled to obtain C₂H₅I and H⁻ as the primary products by changing the reaction conditions. The reaction must be carried out in anhydrous conditions and at a low temperature so that the reaction proceeds in the desired direction.

3C⁻⁻ on reaction with HI gives I⁻⁻⁻ as the main products and not H⁻ and C₂H₅I. However, the reaction can be controlled to obtain C₂H₅I and H⁻ as the primary products by changing the reaction conditions.

To know more about hydrogen visit:

brainly.com/question/30623765

#SPJ11

An element that can exhibit more than one structural form in the same state is called an allotrope.

Yes, there are industrial and technological applications that utilize the property of elements that can exhibit more than one structural form in the same state. For example, carbon exists in multiple structural forms such as graphite and diamond. In industry, graphite is used in lubricants, batteries, and as a refractory material, while diamond is used for cutting and polishing due to its extreme hardness. Additionally, this property of an element is also utilized in technologies such as semiconductors and in the production of advanced materials such as aerospace composites.

To know more about Allotrope visit: https://brainly.com/question/28294770

#SPJ1

Because the nucleus can't hold the 18 electrons in the Cl- ion as tightly as the 17 electrons in the neutral atom, the negative ion is significantly larger than the atom from which it forms. For the same reason, positive ions should be smaller than the atoms from which they are formed.

In this case, since the unmarked beaker contained a strong base, we can expect its pH to be greater than 7.

.
To determine the pH of the unmarked beaker before adding the acid, we need to understand the pH scale. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with a pH of 7 being neutral, below 7 being acidic, and above 7 being basic.
Since we know the solution in the unmarked beaker was a strong base, it is likely to have a high pH value.

Common strong bases include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH). The pH of these strong bases in a concentrated solution is typically between 12 and 14.
However, without additional information about the specific strong base and its concentration, it is impossible to give an exact pH value for the unmarked beaker.

In summary, we can conclude that the pH of the unmarked beaker before adding the acid was above 7, indicating a strong basic solution, but we would need more information to determine the exact pH value.

for more such questions on beaker

https://brainly.com/question/29124475

#SPJ11

Answer:

The answer is the layer of the sun that radiates energy outwards from the sun core

Explanation:

the reason why that is becuase the convection zone is a layers which is unstable to convection. And energy is primarily or partially transported by convection

Answer:

D

Explanation:

An iceberg has a volume of 7670 cubic feet. The mass of the ice (in kg) composing the iceberg is 0.0002483 kg

The volume of iceberg = 7670 cubic feet.

Density of ice = 0.917 g/cm\(^{3}\)

so, Density is given by,

Density = mass / volume

density of ice =  (0.917 /1000) kg/cm\(^{3}\)

1 cm\(^{3}\) = 0.00003531 ft\(^{3}\)

therefore,

0.000917 kg/cm\(^{3}\) = (0.000917 × 0.00003531 ) kg/ft\(^{3}\)

                            = 0.0000000324 kg/ft\(^{3}\)

now,putting the values in formula , we get,

Density = mass / volume

mass = density × volume

         = (0.0000000324 × 7670 ) kg

         = 0.0002483 kg

Hence,An iceberg has a volume of 7670 cubic feet. The mass of the ice (in kg) composing the iceberg is 0.0002483 kg.

To learn more about Density here

https://brainly.com/question/15164682

#SPJ1

Answer:

Chemical reactions occur when chemical bonds between atoms are formed or broken. The substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants, and the substances produced at the end of the reaction are known as the products.

Explanation:

hope it helps

Answer:

global warming

Explanation:

Applying smart electric grid technologies can potentially reduce CO2 emissions.

The reduction potential of Cu²⁺ is 0.34 volts and the reduction potential of Ag⁺ is 0.8 volts

The reduction potentials of Ag⁺ and Cu²⁺ relative to the silver and copper electrodes, respectively, can be found by using a vertical ruler to shift the zero point of the reference hydrogen half-reaction.

Relative to the silver electrode, the reduction potential of Ag⁺  is 0.8 volts and

The reduction potential of Cu²⁺ is 0.0 volts.

Relative to the copper electrode, the reduction potential of Ag⁺  is 0.0 volts and

The reduction potential of Cu²⁺ is 0.34 volts.

The reduction potentials of the other half-reactions (Fe²⁺, Zn²⁺) cannot be measured relative to the silver and copper electrodes, as they are not included in the vertical ruler.

Learn more about Standard reduction potentials here:

https://brainly.com/question/2731940

#SPJ11

The C₂H₄, was quantitatively collected as a gas, but the unreacted C₂H₅OH was not because the ethene is slightly soluble in the water.

The Ethene is the slightly soluble compound in the water because the of the weak dipole - induced dipole intermolecular force of attractions between the non polar ethene molecules and the polar water molecules have weaker force than the hydrogen bonds in between water molecules.

The Ethanol molecules are more soluble in the water because the ethanol and the water both are the polar and it will form the hydrogen bonds with the water molecules and they both dissolve in eact other.

To learn more about intermolecular here

https://brainly.com/question/6237574

#SPJ4

The volume decreased by 1.3 L (from 8.5 L to 7.2 L) to cause the pressure change from 14.6 psi to 103.8 kPa at constant temperature.  To determine the change in volume that caused the pressure change, we can use the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature.

First, we need to convert the initial pressure and volume to SI units:

P1 = 14.6 psi = 100.68 kPa

V1 = 8.5 L

Next, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of gas in the initial state:

n1 = (P1 V1) / (RT1)

where R is the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/K·mol) and T1 is the temperature in Kelvin (27.0 + 273 = 300 K).

Similarly, we can use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of gas in the final state:

n2 = (P2 V2) / (RT2)

where P2 is the final pressure (103.8 kPa), T2 is the temperature (also 27.0 °C + 273 = 300 K), and we want to solve for V2, the final volume.

Equating the number of moles of gas in the two states (since the amount of gas remains constant):

n1 = n2

(P1 V1) / (RT1) = (P2 V2) / (RT2)

Solving for V2, we get:

V2 = (P1 V1 RT2) / (P2 RT1)

Substituting the given values, we get:

V2 = (100.68 kPa x 8.5 L x 300 K) / (103.8 kPa x 0.0821 L·atm/K·mol x 300 K)

V2 = 7.2 L

Therefore, the volume decreased by 1.3 L (from 8.5 L to 7.2 L) to cause the pressure change from 14.6 psi to 103.8 kPa at constant temperature.

To know more about ideal gas law, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/28257995

#SPJ1

The chemical properties of an element are determined by which particle of an atom?

\(\longrightarrow{\green{c.\:proton}}\) 

Explanation:

The chemical properties of an element are determined by the subatomic particle known as a proton. The number of protons in an atom is called its atomic number ( Z ).

\(\large\mathfrak{{\pmb{\underline{\orange{Mystique35 }}{\orange{♡}}}}}\)

Catabolic reactions break down large organic molecules into smaller molecules, releasing the energy contained in the chemical bonds. These energy releases (conversions) are not 100 percent efficient. The amount of energy released is less than the total amount contained in the molecule.

Answer:

c

Explanation:i got it right ony my test

Answer:

The percentage yield is 80.36% (see calculations in attachment).

Explanation:

The theoretical  yield of the reaction is the amount of product that would result if all the  limiting reagent reacted. The theoretical yield is calculated using the balanced equation.

In practice, the actual yield, or the amount of  product actually obtained from a reaction, is almost always less than the theoretical  yield.

To determine how efficient this reaction is, we need to calculate the percent  yield, which describes the proportion of the actual yield to the theoretical yield. It is  calculated as follows:

\( %yield = actual yield ÷ theoretical yield × 100% \)

First we need to make sure that the equation is properly balanced. In the question they provide the balanced equation.

Since water is in excess, we calculate the theoretical yield using PCl₃.

If 178 g of Na₂CO₃ is dissolved in enough water to make 1400 ml of solution. The molarity of the concentration of sodium carbonate will be 1.19 M.

The number of moles of dissolved solute per liter of solution is the definition of molarity, a concentration unit. Molarity is defined as the number of millimoles per milliliter of a solution when the number of moles and the volume is divided by 1000.

Given,

Na₂CO₃ = solute

Mass of Na₂CO₃ = 178g

Molecular mass of Na₂CO₃ = 106 g

The number of moles of the solute = Given mass / molecular mass

= 178/106 = 1.67 moles

Volume of water (solvent) = 1400 ml = 1.4 l

Molarity = no of moles of solute/volume of solvent (in liters)

= 1.67/1.4 = 1.19 M

To learn more about molarity, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/8732513

#SPJ1

Answer:

1.) A vacuum chamber is a valid approach to control the experiment and prevent other variables from impacting the reaction. However, the scientist should be careful in interpreting the results since the reaction might be different in a vacuum than in air. A vacuum can affect the rate of reaction and the thermodynamics of the reaction, which might make it difficult to determine if the reaction is endothermic or exothermic.

2.) The reaction 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O is exothermic because it releases energy. When the bonds in the hydrogen molecule break, a large amount of energy is released, and when the hydrogen and oxygen molecules combine to form water, the energy released is greater than the energy required to break the bonds. This results in a net release of energy and makes the reaction exothermic.

3.) The difference in bond energies of N–N bonds in different compounds could be due to the presence of different chemical groups around the nitrogen atoms. These chemical groups can influence the bond strength between the nitrogen atoms, causing the bond energy to vary. Additionally, different bonding arrangements, such as single or double bonds, could also contribute to the difference in bond energy.


I would greatly appreciate Brainliest.
Have a nice day.

The ratio of the rate constant for the catalyzed reaction to that for the uncatalyzed reaction can be determined based on the activation energies of the reactions.

The ratio of the rate constant for the catalyzed reaction (k_cat) to that for the uncatalyzed reaction (k_uncat) can be calculated using the Arrhenius equation:

\(\[ \frac{k_{cat}}{k_{uncat}} = \frac{e^{-\frac{E_{a,cat}}{RT}}}{e^{-\frac{E_{a,uncat}}{RT}}} \]\)

Where Ea,cat is the activation energy for the catalyzed reaction, Ea,uncat is the activation energy for the uncatalyzed reaction, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

Assuming that the frequency factor (A) is the same for both reactions, it cancels out when calculating the ratio. Therefore, the ratio of the rate constants is solely dependent on the activation energies.

Learn more about rate constant

brainly.com/question/20305922

#SPJ11

The compound most likely formed with magnesium, Mg, is MgX . The correct option is (A) MgX.

The electronic configuration of the element, X is 2,8,7. Since X is located in group 7 of the periodic table, it has 7 electrons in its valence shell. In order to obtain a stable configuration, the atom can either gain one electron to fill the 3rd energy level completely or lose seven electrons to completely empty the 2nd energy level, which is easier. The resulting ion, X-, would have a stable electronic configuration of 2,8. Hence, the compound most likely formed with magnesium, Mg, is MgX .The correct option is (A) MgX.

Explanation: Magnesium is located in group 2 of the periodic table and has two valence electrons in its outermost shell. It loses these two electrons to form Mg2+ ions with stable electronic configurations of 2,8. On the other hand, element X gains an electron to form X- ions with stable electronic configurations of 2,8.The combination of Mg2+ and X- ions results in the formation of the compound MgX with a neutral charge.

Learn more about compound from:

https://brainly.com/question/14782984

#SPJ11

The ratio indicates that the hydrogen ion concentration of chemical A is 0.158 times lower than that of chemical B. Alternatively, the hydrogen ion concentration of chemical B is 6.31 times more acidic than that of chemical A.

The pH value of a substance is an essential indicator of its acidity or alkalinity. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. The midpoint of the scale is 7.0, which is neutral. Solutions with pH values below 7.0 are acidic, while those with pH values above 7.0 are alkaline.

Acid solutions have a high concentration of hydrogen ions. The negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration (H+) is referred to as the pH. Similarly, solutions with a high hydroxide ion concentration have high pH values. The formula for pH is pH = -log[H].

1. Calculation of [H+] for Chemical A:Hence, we can rearrange the pH equation to calculate the hydrogen ion concentration as follows:[H] = 10^-pH= 10^-9= 1.0 × 10^-9 mol/L2. Calculation of [H+] for Chemical B:pH = -log[H]log[H] = -pHlog[H] = -8.2[H] = 10^-pH[H] = 6.31 × 10^-9 mol/L3.

Calculation of the ratio of [H+] for Chemical A and Chemical B:The ratio of [H+] for chemical A to that of chemical B can be found using the following formula:Ratio = [H+] of Chemical A / [H+] of Chemical B= (1.0 × 10^-9) / (6.31 × 10^-9)= 0.158The ratio indicates that the hydrogen ion concentration of chemical A is 0.158 times lower than that of chemical B. Alternatively, the hydrogen ion concentration of chemical B is 6.31 times more acidic than that of chemical A.

To learn more about hydrogen visit;

https://brainly.com/question/30623765

#SPJ11

196 g is the amount of sulfuric acid required in the problem.

This problem can solved by using formula:

Molarity = given mass/molar mass/volume of solution in litre

Thus, by given values: volume of solution = .5 L

Molar mass of sulfuric acid = 98 g

Molarity is 4 M

Thus;

Grams of sulfuric acid required = 4 * 98 * .5 = 196 g

To know more about Molarity, click here,

brainly.com/question/14469428

#SPJ4