Which phenomenon is counteracted with differential aileron deflection?A) Aileron reversal.B) Turn co-ordination.C) Adverse yaw.D) Sensitivity for spiral dive.

Answers

Answer 1

The phenomenon that is counteracted with differential aileron deflection is C) Adverse yaw. Adverse yaw occurs when an aircraft yaws in the opposite direction of the intended turn due to the drag created by the down-going aileron.

Differential aileron deflection helps to reduce this drag and prevent adverse yaw. Aileron reversal refers to a situation where the ailerons no longer function as intended and can cause a loss of control. Turn coordination refers to the proper coordination of rudder and aileron inputs to maintain a coordinated turn. Sensitivity to spiral dive refers to an aircraft's tendency to enter a spiral dive if not properly controlled.

The correct option is C.

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Related Questions

What does abbreviation vom stand for

Answers

it’s Volt Ohm Meter!

Answer:

vom = Volt Ohm Meter

Explanation:

Sharon has just invented a new tractor that will plow and plant a new hybrid of corn at the same time. Which type of engineer is she?

Answers

Answer:

Agricultural engineer

how can banks rain Workforce Members to Recognize Social
Engineering Attacks? (300 words)

Answers

Banks must be proactive in training their staff members on social engineering attacks to protect their customers' sensitive information and minimize financial losses. Regular training, simulated attacks, and clear guidelines can help employees identify and respond to attacks.

Social engineering attacks are a significant security concern for banks. As more customers turn to digital banking, cyber attackers have been targeting banks with a wide range of tactics to gain access to sensitive information or money.Banks have to ensure that their staff members are trained in identifying and mitigating social engineering attacks. Here are some ways that banks can train their workforce members to recognize social engineering attacks:Regular Training: Banks should conduct regular training sessions to educate their employees about social engineering threats, phishing attacks, and other security risks. This training should cover everything from the basics of information security to more advanced topics like cybercrime trends. Banks should also conduct periodic tests to gauge their employees' knowledge and understanding of social engineering attacks. This approach helps ensure that employees are familiar with the latest social engineering tactics and can respond appropriately when they encounter them.Simulated Attacks: Banks should conduct simulated social engineering attacks to help their employees understand what a real attack looks like. These simulations should include phishing emails, phone calls, and other methods that attackers use to gain access to sensitive information. These simulations provide a low-risk environment for employees to learn and practice their responses to social engineering attacks. Banks can also use these simulations to identify areas where their employees need more training or support.Tips and Guidelines: Banks should provide their employees with clear and concise guidelines on how to identify and report social engineering attacks. These guidelines should be easy to understand and should include examples of common social engineering attacks. Banks should also encourage their employees to ask questions and report suspicious activity as soon as they notice it.ConclusionIn conclusion, banks must be proactive in training their staff members on social engineering attacks. Regular training, simulated attacks, and clear guidelines can help employees identify and respond to social engineering attacks. By taking these steps, banks can protect their customers' sensitive information and minimize the risk of financial losses.

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If an EDM instrument has a purported accuracy capability of ±(1.5 mm + 2ppm) what error can be expected in a 25 ft measured distances (assume that the instrument and target mis-centering errors are equal to zero).

Answers

If an EDM instrument has a purported accuracy capability of ±(1.5 mm + 2ppm) error can ±1.50 mm.

What is EDM instrument?

A surveying tool used to measure distance electronically between two sites using electromagnetic waves is an electronic distance measurement device.

EDM instruments are extremely dependable and practical surveying tools that can measure distances up to 100 kilometres.

Here, it is given that:

Accuracy capacity = ±(1.5 mm + 2ppm)

Measured distance = 25 m

\(E_i = E_r=0\)

\(E_d=\sqrt{0^2+0^2+(1.5)^2+2PpmX[\frac{10^-^6}{Ppm}X25X\frac{10^3mm}{m} ]^2 }\)

\(E_d=\sqrt{2.25+(2X10^-^6X25X10^3)^2}\)

\(E_d= 1.50 mm.\)

Thus, the answer is ±1.50 mm.

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Unprotected sides and edges are where there is no stair rail system in place at a height of _______ inches or higher.

Answers

Unprotected sides and edges are where there is no stair rail system in place at a height of 4 inches or higher.

Unprotected sides and edges are regions along stairs, platforms, or elevated surfaces that do not have a protective barrier in situ, such as a stair rail system. Individuals may step off the edge or lose their balance and fall in these situations, posing a possible fall hazard.

The 4-inch barrier was chosen with the notion that a fall from this height or above could result in serious damage. A stair rail system, which includes handrails and guardrails, helps to provide a physical barrier and support for those using the stairs or accessing high locations, lowering the risk of slipping down the unprotected sides or edges.

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Using the formula XC=1/(2πfC) in your answer, how would a capacitor influence a simple DC series circuit?

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The capacitive reactance of a DC series circuit increases when its capacitance decreases and vice-versa.

What is a DC series circuit?

A DC series circuit can be defined as a type of circuit in which all of its resistive components are connected end to end, so as to form a single path for the flow of current.

This ultimately implies that, the same amount of current flows through a direct current (DC) series circuit.

The capacitive reactance of a DC series circuit.

Mathematically, the capacitive reactance of a DC series circuit is given by this formula:

\(X_C = \frac{1}{2\pi fC}\)

Where:

is the capacitive reactance.f is the frequency.C is the capacitance.

From the above formula, we can deduce that the capacitive reactance of a DC series circuit is inversely proportional to both frequency and capacitance. Thus, the capacitive reactance of a DC series circuit increases when its capacitance decreases and vice-versa.

In conclusion, a capacitor would influence a simple DC series circuit by blocking the flow of direct current (DC) through it.

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suppose one truck is parked on a bridge as shown in figure below. the truck weighs 1000 lb which is acting through its center of gravity (cg). the bridge weighs 200 lbs per feet, which is uniformly distributed. we can assume the bridge is rigid. what will be the reaction forces at the supports of bridge at the two ends?

Answers

The sum of vertical forces is given as 8166.67lb

The reaction forces at the left end is 8166.67lb

The reaction forces at the right end is 7833.33lb

What is a Reaction Force?

An opposing force occurs as a result of an initial force being applied.

Newton's Third Law indicates that a force of action is always met with an equal and opposite force of reaction.

When one object applies a force onto another, the second object will respond with an inversely equal and opposing force towards the first object.

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suppose one truck is parked on a bridge as shown in figure below. the truck weighs 1000 lb which is acting

FAULT LOCATION METHODS(input-output)

Answers

Fault location techniques are used in power systems for accurate pinpointing of the fault position.

This paper presents a comparative study between two fault location methods in distribution network with Distributed Generation (DG). Both methods are based on computing the impedance using fundamental voltage and current signals. The first method uses one-end information and the second uses both ends

Un vendedor de camiones quiere suspender un vehículo de 4000 kg como se muestra en la figura, con fines publicitarios. La distancia b =15 m y la suma de las longitudes de los cables AB y BC es de 42 m. Los puntos A y C tienen una altura de 20 m . ¿Cuáles son las tensiones en los cables?

Answers

Answer:

english

Explanation:

Write a SELECT statement that returns these four columns:
vendor name -
invoice number
i11voice date
balance due
The vendor_name column from the Vendors table
The invoice number column from the Invoices table
The invoice date coltrmn from the Invoices table
The invoice_total column minus the payment_total
and credit_total columns from the Invoices table
Use these aliases for the tables: v for Vendors and i for Invoices.
Return one row for each invoice with a non-zero balance. This should return
11 rows.
Sort the result set by vendor_name in ascending order.

Answers

A SELECT command pulls zero or more rows from one or more database tables or views. SELECT is the most often used data manipulation language (DML) command in most applications. See the statement required below.

What is the SELECT Statement that gives the above results?

SELECT VendorName, InvoiceNumber, InvoiceDate,

InvoiceTotal - PaymentTotal - CreditTotal AS Balance

FROM Vendors JOIN Invoices

ON Vendors.VendorID = Invoices.VendorID

WHERE InvoiceTotal - PaymentTotal - CreditTotal > 0

ORDER BY VendorName;

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C-Spec, Inc., uses an automatic machine to mill an engine part. Four samples have been taken to monitor the length (inch) of output. In each sample, there are five observations.

Sample
1 2 3 4
4.05 3.95 4.03 3.84
4.25 4.21 3.95 3.95
4.12 3.97 4.13 4.02
3.85 3.91 3.89 4.18
3.92 4.15 3.88 4.17


a. Compute the upper and lower control limits of the "mean chart using range".

b. Determine if the process is in control based on the control limits above. If not, explain why.

c. C-Spec, Inc., wants to determine whether the machine is capable of milling an engine that has a design specification of 4 +_ 0.1 inches. After several more trial runs on this machine, C-Spec has estimated that the machine has a sample mean of 4.02 inches with a standard deviation of 0.03 inch. Calculate the capability index Cpk for this machine. Should C-Spec use this machine to produce the engine?

Answers

To compute the upper and lower control limits of the "mean chart using range," we first need to calculate the range of each sample. The range is the difference between the maximum and minimum values in each sample.



Next, we need to calculate the average range (R-bar) by summing up the ranges and dividing by the number of samples:
R-bar = (0.41 + 0.30 + 0.16 + 0.33) / 4 = 0.30

The upper control limit (UCL) for the mean chart using range is calculated by adding 2.66 times the R-bar to the overall mean:
UCL = Mean + (2.66 * R-bar) = 4.02 + (2.66 * 0.30) = 4.02 + 0.798 = 4.818
The lower control limit (LCL) for the mean chart using range is calculated by subtracting 2.66 times the R-bar from the overall mean:
LCL = Mean - (2.66 * R-bar) = 4.02 - (2.66 * 0.30) = 4.02 - 0.798 = 3.222

To determine if the process is in control based on the control limits, we compare the sample means to the control limits. If any sample mean falls outside the control limits, the process is considered out of control.
To calculate the capability index Cpk, we need to use the formula:
Cpk = min((USL - Mean) / (3 * Standard Deviation), (Mean - LSL) / (3 * Standard Deviation))

Given that the design specification is 4 ± 0.1 inches, the upper specification limit (USL) is 4.1 and the lower specification limit (LSL) is 3.9.

Cpk = min((4.1 - 4.02) / (3 * 0.03), (4.02 - 3.9) / (3 * 0.03))
Cpk = min(0.027 / 0.09, 0.04 / 0.09)
Cpk = min(0.3, 0.444)
Cpk = 0.3

Since Cpk is less than 1, it indicates that the process is not capable of producing parts within the specified tolerance. C-Spec should not use this machine to produce the engine.

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Assemblies have reference planes. True or false

Answers

To answer your question, yes they do.

Which of the following can replace /* missing loop header / so the method count Peaks works as intended?

a. int p - data. Length - 1p > ; P-
b. int p - P < data.length; ptt int p .
c. p < data. length - 1; put int p = 1;
d. p

Answers

The correct option that can replace the missing loop header so the method count Peaks works as intended is option c. p < data. length - 1.

As it contains the correct syntax for the loop header.

Given a problem in which we are to determine which of the loop header is missing from the loop statement so that the method `count Peaks` works as intended.

In order for the `count Peaks()` method to work as intended, the loop header should be as follows:

` for(int p = 1; p < data.length - 1; p++)`

We need to look for the loop header in the provided options that matches the above syntax. The correct option that has the syntax that matches the above loop header syntax is c. `p < data. length - 1`

Therefore, the option C can replace the missing loop header so the method count Peaks works as intended and we can write the loop header as `for(int p = 1; p < data. length - 1; p++)`.

Hence, option (C) is the correct answer.

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Multiple Choice question. Selected the correct answer.
10. Which of the following is NOT a metal used for producing exhaust manifolds?
A. Cast iron.
B. Aluminium.
C. Heavy-gauge sheet metal.
D. Stainless steel.

Answers

Answer:

C. Heavy-gauge sheet metal.

Explanation:

Exhaust manifolds are typically made from cast iron, aluminum, or stainless steel, which are strong and durable materials that can withstand the high temperatures and pressures found in vehicle exhaust systems.

Heavy-gauge sheet metal is a type of metal, but it is not typically used for this application because it may not have the necessary strength and durability.

The weight of your car will aslo affect its

Answers

Answer:

speed and acceleration

What braking system would be the most unsafe for a car going over 200mph?

Answers

Answer:

Deactivated Anti-Lock Braking System

Explanation:

Well this actually depends on the vehicles braking function

I'd say in this case not sure if ABS coz it prevents the vehicle from slipping while braking...

On the otherside ESP is inportant for it stability

.You have connected a single drive to the primary IDE interface and a single drive to the secondary IDE interface. How should the drives be configures?

Answers

The drive connected to the primary IDE interface should be configured as the master, and the drive connected to the secondary IDE interface should be configured as the slave.

When connecting drives to the IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) interface, each drive needs to be assigned a specific role to ensure proper functioning. The IDE interface typically has two channels: primary (often labeled as IDE1) and secondary (often labeled as IDE2).

In this scenario, since there is only one drive connected to each IDE interface, the drive connected to the primary IDE interface should be configured as the master, and the drive connected to the secondary IDE interface should be configured as the slave.

The master drive is the one that takes priority and is responsible for initiating data transfers. It is usually connected at the end of the IDE cable. The slave drive, on the other hand, follows the commands of the master drive and is connected to the middle connector of the IDE cable.

By configuring the drives in this manner, the IDE interface can differentiate between the two drives and establish the appropriate communication protocols for data transfer between them.

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give hihvfhnffthjjnmurdg

Answers

Answer:

take gdrumnjjhtffnhfvhih

Explanation:

you have to do just opposite. is that clear?

Answer:

???

Explanation:

What is this...

How much work, in Newtons, is required to lift a 20.4-kg (45lb) plate from the ground to a stand that is 1.50 meters up?

ASAP PLS

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Work, U, is equal to the force times the distance:

U = F · r

Force needed to lift the weight, is equal to the weight: F = W = m · g

so:

U = m · g · r

   = 20.4kg · 9.81 \(\frac{N}{kg}\) · 1.50m

   = 35.316 \(\frac{N}{m}\)

   = 35.316 W

29 10 1 point According to Gate Theory, which of the following factors can make you more sensitive to pain? Placebo effects Competing signals, like rubbing your elbow Chronic stress High levels of arousal 30 1 point Patients who are allowed to self-administer morphine use less than when they receive injections from healthcare providers. True False 31 1 point What happens when people lose their sense of smell (olfaction)? They often become manic. 32 Not much. Olfaction is not a very important sense for humans. They compensate by developing an increased sensitivity to taste (gustation). They often become depressed. 1 point The different taste qualities (sweet, sour, bitter, salt, umami) each have their own area of the tongue that is most sensitive to them. True False

Answers

The statement that The different taste qualities (sweet, sour, bitter, salt, umami) each have their own area of the tongue that is most sensitive to them is False.

Gate Theory states that competing signals such as rubbing your elbow can make you more sensitive to pain. This theory suggests that physical signals such as massage, pressure, heat, or cold can block the transmission of pain messages through the spinal cord and prevent them from reaching the brain. Therefore, when people rub their elbows or apply pressure to the area, this stimulates the non-painful touch fibers and decreases the transmission of the painful stimuli.

As per the statement, patients who are allowed to self-administer morphine use less than when they receive injections from healthcare providers is True. Olfaction is a very important sense for humans, and they often become depressed when they lose their sense of smell (olfaction). The statement that The different taste qualities (sweet, sour, bitter, salt, umami) each have their own area of the tongue that is most sensitive to them is False.

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a. will a detect the collision is dprop > l/r? why or why not?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

A. No, "A" will not detect the collision** based on the condition **dprop > l/r.

The condition dprop > l/r refers to the time taken for a signal to propagate across the link (dprop) being greater than the time it takes to transmit a packet (l) divided by the rate of transmission (r). This condition is used to determine if two packets will collide on a shared transmission medium.

However, "A" alone cannot detect collisions based on this condition. The reason is that "A" does not have access to the necessary information such as the propagation delay, packet length, or transmission rate.

Collision detection typically requires additional mechanisms such as Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) in Ethernet networks. CSMA/CD allows devices to listen to the transmission medium and detect if there is already ongoing transmission before sending their own packets. If a collision is detected, devices implement collision resolution procedures to handle the collision.

Therefore, "A" alone cannot detect collisions based on the condition dprop > l/r.

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Compare the path loss in dB for two possible cellular environments where there is (1) free
space between mobiles and base stations, and (2) urban area cellular radio with n = 3.1. Use 1.9 GHz at a
distance of 1.5 km and assume isotropic antennas.
Hint: LdB = 20 log(f) + 10n log(d) − 147.56dB

Answers

The path loss in between the mobiles base stations, and urban area cellular radio is 136.47 dB

What is an equation?

An equation is an expression that shows the relationship between two or more numbers and variables.

Given the equation:

LdB = 20 log(f) + 10n log(d) − 147.56dB

f is the frequency, d is the distance.

Given that f = 1.9 GHz = 1.9 * 10⁹ Hz, d = 1.5 km = 1500 m, n = 3.1. Hence:

L = 20 log(1.9 * 10⁹) + 10(3.1) * log(1500) − 147.56

L = 136.47 dB

The path loss in between the mobiles base stations, and urban area cellular radio is 136.47 dB

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what factor do you need to calculate fte (full time equivalent) for indoor water use? what factor do you need to calculate fte (full time equivalent) for indoor water use? the amount of water used in baseline design case the building density the flush and flow rates of fixtures the type of building occupant (full time, part time, transient) and hours worked per week

Answers

To calculate FTE (Full-Time Equivalent) for indoor water use, you typically need the following factors:

   The amount of water used in the baseline design case: This refers to the estimated amount of water that would be used by the building's occupants under normal operating conditions. This can be based on factors such as the number of occupants, their behavior, and the types of fixtures installed in the building.

   The flush and flow rates of fixtures: This refers to the rate at which water is used by various fixtures in the building, such as toilets, faucets, and showers. The flow rates can be measured in gallons per minute (GPM) or liters per minute (LPM), and the flush rates can be measured in gallons per flush (GPF) or liters per flush (LPF).

   The type of building occupant (full time, part time, transient): This refers to the nature of the building's occupants and their expected water usage patterns. For example, full-time occupants may use more water than part-time or transient occupants.

   Hours worked per week: This refers to the number of hours that the building's occupants are expected to be on site and using water. This factor can be used to estimate the amount of water used during different times of day and days of the week.

Building density is not typically a factor in calculating FTE for indoor water use, as it is more relevant for outdoor water use.

Split point twist drills

Answers

Answer:

A split point twist drill is a self-centering speed bit with a cutting angle of 135 degrees. It is specifically designed to drill into metal and other hard materials without wandering around on the surface.

The pressure at the second floor faucet in the residential building is 45 psi, which is less than the recommended domestic pressure range of 50 to 60 psi. It is considered that an additional pump will be installed at point 1 to provide the recommended pressure at the faucet. Estimate the additional pump horse-power requirement at point 1 to provide 57 psi pressure at the faucet. Note, Q = 2. 5 cfs

Answers

To estimate the additional pump horsepower requirement at point 1, you will need to consider the following factors:

1. The pressure drop between point 1 and the faucet: The difference between the pressure at point 1 and the pressure at the faucet will determine the amount of work that the pump needs to do. In this case, the pressure drop is 57 psi - 45 psi = 12 psi.

2. The flow rate: The flow rate, or the volume of water that needs to be pumped per unit of time, will also affect the horsepower requirement of the pump. In this case, the flow rate is given as Q = 2.5 cfs.

3. The efficiency of the pump: The efficiency of the pump will affect the amount of horsepower required to achieve a certain flow rate and pressure drop. More efficient pumps will require less horsepower to achieve the same results as less efficient pumps.

How do you estimate the additional pump horse-power requirement?

To estimate the horsepower requirement of the pump, you can use the following formula:

Horsepower = (Flow rate x Pressure drop) / (3960 x Efficiency)

Plugging in the values from the problem, we get:

Horsepower = (2.5 cfs x 12 psi) / (3960 x Efficiency)

The value of the efficiency will depend on the specific pump that you choose. You can typically find the efficiency of a pump in its technical specifications or by contacting the manufacturer.

Once you have the efficiency value, you can plug it into the formula above to calculate the horsepower requirement of the pump. Keep in mind that this is just an estimate, and the actual horsepower requirement may vary based on other factors such as the type and condition of the piping system, the viscosity of the water, and the elevation of the pump.

Therefore, the correct answer is as given above

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retaining
Function of
Wall​

Answers

Answer:

A retaining of a wall is a protective structure, first and foremost.

Explanation:

Its main aim is to provide functional support for keeping soil in place. It acts as a wall to keep the soil on one side and the rest of the landscape area on the other, providing a platform for a garden to be created.

A resistor has code 104 printed on it .What is the resistive value of this resistor ​

Answers

Answer:

X = 1 (1st digit in the code)

Y = 0 (2nd digit)

Z = 4 (3rd multiplier digit)

104 → 10 × 10^4 Ω

→ 10 × 10000Ω

→ 100 kΩ

resistors are marked 104, 105, 205, 751, and 754. The resistor marked with 104 should be 100kΩ (10x10^4), 105 would be 1MΩ (10x10^5), and 205 is 2MΩ (20x10^5). 751 is 750Ω (75x10^1), and 754 is 750kΩ (75x10^4).

Here we need to understand how a code in a resistor gives us information on the resistor. Here we will see that the code means that the resistance is 100,000 Ω.

When we use numbers, let's assume that we have 3 single-digit numbers abc.

So if the code in our resistor is abc, this will mean that the resistance of the resistor is:

ab×10^c Ω

Using this general rule we can see that if the code is 104, then the resistance will be:

r = 10×10^4 Ω

 = 100,000 Ω

Then we can conclude that the resistive value of this resistor is  100,000 Ω

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compare and contrast the structure, mechanical properties, and functions of the five major types of blood vessels

Answers

The five major types of blood vessels in the human body are arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins. Although they are all part of the circulatory system and work together to transport blood, they differ in their structure, mechanical properties, and functions.

Structure:

  Arteries are thick-walled, muscular vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart. They have a circular shape and contain elastin and collagen fibers in their walls.    Arterioles are smaller vessels that connect arteries to capillaries. They have a similar structure to arteries but have thinner walls and less elastin.   Capillaries are the smallest and thinnest vessels in the body, with a diameter similar to that of a single red blood cell. They have a single layer of endothelial cells and allow for the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and tissues.    Venules are small vessels that connect capillaries to veins. They have a similar structure to arterioles but have thinner walls and less smooth muscle.   Veins are vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. They have thinner walls than arteries and contain valves to prevent the backflow of blood.

Mechanical properties:

  Arteries have high elasticity and are able to withstand high blood pressure. They can expand and contract to adjust to changes in blood flow.    Arterioles and capillaries have low resistance to blood flow, allowing for efficient exchange of substances between the blood and tissues.   Venules have low pressure and low resistance, allowing for the easy flow of blood from capillaries to veins.    Veins have low elasticity and low pressure, but have a large diameter and high capacitance, allowing them to hold a large amount of blood.

Functions:

  Arteries and arterioles deliver oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and organs of the body.    Capillaries allow for the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and tissues.   Venules and veins collect deoxygenated blood from the capillaries and return it to the heart.    Veins also act as a blood reservoir, storing up to 60% of the body's blood volume and releasing it when needed, such as during exercise.

In summary, each of the five major types of blood vessels has a unique structure, mechanical properties, and functions that allow them to work together to ensure the efficient and effective transport of blood throughout the body.

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Two stepped bar is supported at both ends.At the join point of two segments,the force F is applied(downwards).Calculate reactive forces R1 and R3 at the supports.What is value of absolute maximal stress?
Choose one answer nearest your result.

given= d1=10mm d2=20mm L1=20mm L2=10mm E=200GPa F=20kN

Two stepped bar is supported at both ends.At the join point of two segments,the force F is applied(downwards).Calculate

Answers

Answer:

F=200kN

Explanation:

A low-altitude meteorological research balloon, temperature sensor, and radio transmitter together weigh 2.5 lb. When inflated with helium, the balloon is spherical with a diameter of 4 ft. The volume of the transmitter can be neglected when compared to the balloon's size. The balloon is released from ground level and quickly reaches its terminal ascent velocity. Neglecting variations in the atmosphere's density, how long does it take the balloon to reach an altitude of 1000 ft?

Answers

Answer:

12 mins

Explanation:

The summation of the forces in vertical direction

= Fb - Fd - w = 0 ∴ Fd = Fb - w  ----- ( 1 )

Fb ( buoyant force ) = Pair * g * Vballoon ------- ( 2 )

Pair = air density , Vballoon = volume of balloon

Vballoon = \(\frac{\pi D^3}{6}\) ,  where D = 4  ∴  Vballoon = 33.51 ft^3

g = 32.2 ft/s^2

From property tables

Pair = 2.33 * 10^-3 slug/ft^3

μ ( dynamic viscosity ) = 3.8 * 10^-7 slug/ft.s

Insert values into equation 2

Fb = ( 2.33 * 10^-3 ) * ( 32.2 ) *( 33.51 )  = 2.514 Ib

∴ Fd = 2.514 - 2.5 = 0.014 Ib ( equation 1 )

Assuming that flow is Laminar  and  RE < 1

Re = (Pair * vd) / μair   -------- ( 3 )

where:  Pair = 2.33 * 10^-3 slug/ft^3 ,  vd = ( 987 * 4 ) ft^2/s ,   μair = 3.8 * 10^-7 slug/ft.s

Insert values into equation 3

Re = 2.4 * 10^7 (  this means that the assumption above is wrong )

Hence we will use drag force law

Assume Cd = 0.5

Express  Fd using the relation below

Fd = 1/2* Cd * Pair * AV^2

therefore V = 1.39 ft/s

Recalculate  Reynold's number using  v = 1.39 ft/s

Re = 34091

from the figure Cd ≈ 0.5 at Re = 34091  

Finally calculate the rise time ( time taken to reach an altitude of 1000 ft )

t = h/v

  = 1000 / 1.39 = 719 seconds ≈ 12 mins

A low-altitude meteorological research balloon, temperature sensor, and radio transmitter together weigh
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