which of these two classifiers would you prefer for a spam filter and why? describe your reasoning and relate it to at least one of the evaluation metrics you have computed so far.

Sorry I'm new and need points ty

Answer:

LOS = A

Explanation:

Given all the parameters the level of service as seen from the attached graph

is LOS =  A

To determine the LOS from the attached graph

calculate the trial value of Vp

Vp = V / PHF

     = (100 + 150) / 0.95  =  263 pc/h

since the trial value of Vp = ( 0 to 600 ) pc/h . hence E.T = 1.7 , ER = 1

next we will calculate the flow rate

flow rate = 1 / [ ( 1 + PT(ET - 1 ) + PR ( ER - 1 ) ]

             Fhr  = 1 / 1.035 = 0.966 ≈ 1

next calculate the real value of Vp

Vp = V / ( PHF * N * Fhr * Fp )

     = ( 100 + 150 ) / ( 0.95 * 2 * 1 * 1 )

Vp ≈ 126 pc/h/In

Next calculate the density

D = Vp /  S  =  126 / ( 45 * 1.61 )  = 1.74 pc/km/In

Medium Voltage Circuit Breaker

Usually, medium voltage circuit breaker is to protect the transformer from voltage spikes on a distribution transformer.

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Answer:

C. 14.55

Explanation:

12 x 10 = 120

120 divded by 10 is 12

so now we do the left side

7 x 3 = 21 divded by 10 is 2

so now we have 14

and the remaning area is 0.55

so 14.55

5 Factors hat might impact the energy output of a wind turbine are

1. The speed of the wind.

2. The height of the wind turbine.

3. The pressure on the blades.

4. The size of the blades.

5. Air density

6. Wind exposure

What is a wind turbine ?

A wind turbine is a machine that converts kinetic energy from the wind into electricity.

They mainly convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. This mechanical power can be used for specific tasks (such as grinding grain or pumping water), or can be converted into electricity by a generator.

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The BEST conclusion one can draw about cyber therapy is that there aren't enough controlled studies to fully assess its impact. Cyber therapy is a form of therapy that uses technology to treat various mental illnesses.

Although it is becoming more popular, there are not enough controlled studies to assess its full impact on mental health. While some research has shown that cyber therapy can be just as effective as traditional therapy, more research is needed to determine the extent of its usefulness. Therefore, there is still much to be learned about the effectiveness of cyber therapy and its potential benefits and limitations in treating various mental health conditions.

Convenience is one advantage of cyber therapy; You don't have to worry about how you look or what you wear because it is as close as your computer, available seven days a week, 24 hours a day. By saving copies of the messages you exchange, you can also keep a written record of your therapist's advice for future reference.

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Answer:

SECTION LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of this section, you will be able to do the following:

Distinguish between static friction and kinetic friction

Solve problems involving inclined planes

Section Key Terms

kinetic friction static friction

Static Friction and Kinetic Friction

Recall from the previous chapter that friction is a force that opposes motion, and is around us all the time. Friction allows us to move, which you have discovered if you have ever tried to walk on ice.

There are different types of friction—kinetic and static. Kinetic friction acts on an object in motion, while static friction acts on an object or system at rest. The maximum static friction is usually greater than the kinetic friction between the objects.

Imagine, for example, trying to slide a heavy crate across a concrete floor. You may push harder and harder on the crate and not move it at all. This means that the static friction responds to what you do—it increases to be equal to and in the opposite direction of your push. But if you finally push hard enough, the crate seems to slip suddenly and starts to move. Once in motion, it is easier to keep it in motion than it was to get it started because the kinetic friction force is less than the static friction force. If you were to add mass to the crate, (for example, by placing a box on top of it) you would need to push even harder to get it started and also to keep it moving. If, on the other hand, you oiled the concrete you would find it easier to get the crate started and keep it going.

Figure 5.33 shows how friction occurs at the interface between two objects. Magnifying these surfaces shows that they are rough on the microscopic level. So when you push to get an object moving (in this case, a crate), you must raise the object until it can skip along with just the tips of the surface hitting, break off the points, or do both. The harder the surfaces are pushed together (such as if another box is placed on the crate), the more force is needed to move them.

The state of liquid that point 2a" represents in the Rankine cycle is "Subcooled Liquid" (Option B).

The Rankine cycle, also known as the Rankine Vapor Cycle, is a process that is frequently utilized in power facilities such as coal-fired power plants and nuclear reactors. Fuel is utilized in this mechanism to generate heat within a boiler, transforming water into steam, which then expands via a turbine, providing useful work.

The Rankine cycle (RC) is a thermodynamic cycle used in thermal power plants to transform thermal energy into mechanical labor. Many researchers have recently focused on exploiting the Rankine cycle to recuperate low-grade waste heat.

Subcooling refers to a liquid that exists at a temperature lower than its typical boiling point. Water, for example, boils at 373 K and is referred to as "subcooled" at ambient temperature. A subcooled liquid is a suitable condition in which refrigerants, for example, can complete the remaining stages of a cooling system.

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The lift experienced by a helicopter involves an action-reaction pair of forces between the rotor blades and the air.

As the rotor blades rotate, they push air downwards, creating a force known as thrust. According to Newton's third law of motion, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In this case, the action is the thrust force created by the rotor blades pushing air downwards, and the reaction is the lift force that is generated as a result. This lift force is what allows the helicopter to rise into the air and stay airborne. Therefore, the lift experienced by a helicopter is a result of the action-reaction pair of forces between the rotor blades and the air.

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When designing a set of simple test programs to determine the type compatibility rules of a C compiler to which you have access, it is important to consider the different data types that are used in C programming. An example of a set of test programs that can be used to determine the type compatibility rules of a C compiler:

Integer Test the compatibility of the C compiler with integer data types. It declares two variables of type int, initializes them with values, and then adds them together. The result is printed to the screen. If the program compiles and runs without any errors, then the C compiler is compatible with integer data types.

Floating-Point Test  the compatibility of the C compiler with floating-point data types. It declares two variables of type float, initializes them with values, and then adds them together. The result is printed to the screen. If the program compiles and runs without any errors, then the C compiler is compatible with floating-point data types.

By running the set of simple test programs described above, you can determine the type compatibility rules of a C compiler to which you have access. If any of the programs do not compile or run without errors, then you can determine which data types are not compatible with the C compiler and adjust your code accordingly.

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Answer: hello some parts of your question is missing attached below is the missing information

The radiator of a car is a type of heat exchanger. Hot fluid coming from the car engine, called the coolant, flows through aluminum radiator tubes of thickness d that release heat to the outside air by conduction. The average temperature gradient between the coolant and the outside air is about 130 K/mm . The term ΔT/d  is called the temperature gradient which is the temperature difference ΔT between coolant inside and the air outside per unit thickness of tube

answer : Total surface area = 3/2 * area of old radiator

Explanation:

we will use this relation

K = \(\frac{Qd }{A* change in T }\)

change in T =  ΔT  

therefore New Area  ( A ) = 3/2 * area of old radiator

Given that the thermal conductivity is the same in the new and old radiators

Answer:

The correct answer is "99.9%".

Explanation:

According to the information given in the question,

\(P(1 \ fail) = 0.1\)

The probability of all fail will be:

\(P(all \ fail) = (0.1)^3\)

                  \(=0.001\)

hence,

\(P(not \ all \ fail)= 1-P(all \ fail)\)

                        \(=0.999\)

                        \(=99.9\) (%)

Thus the above is the right answer.

Writing code to use the summary() and mean() methods in Python is doable using knowledge of the computational language.

Python is a dynamically semantic, object-oriented, high-level, interpreted programming language.

Due to its high-level built-in data structures, dynamic typing, and dynamic binding, it is well suited for Rapid Application Development as well as for use as a scripting or glue language to connect existing components.

Python's concise syntax places a strong emphasis on readability and ease of use, which decreases the cost of program maintenance. The modularity and reuse of code in programs are encouraged by Python's support for modules and packages.

The Python interpreter and the extensive standard library are freely distributable and are offered in source or binary format for all widely used systems.

Python's increased efficiency frequently leads to programmers falling in love with it. Since there is no compilation stage, the loop of

Writting the code:

penguins%>%

group by(year, island)%>%

body mass g, na.rm = TRUE, mean(mean body mass g = mean(body mass g, TRUE))

library(palmerpenguins)

data.frame df (penguins)

Complete.cases(df), df - # remove NA rows

mean(df[df$species=="Adelie",6])

mean(df[df$species=="Chinstrap",6])

mean(df[df$species=="Gentoo",6])

mean(df[,6])

Hence, Writing code to use the summary() and mean() methods in Python is doable using knowledge of the computational language.

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The pressure difference of 317.6 Pa is needed to drive the pig through the glycerin-filled pipe at the given speed.

We have,

The pig's diameter is 5-15/16 in and its length is 121 in. it cleans a 6-in-diameter pipe at a speed of 1.2 m/s.

Now, For the pressure difference needed to drive the pig, we can use the pressure drop equation for flow in a pipe:

ΔP = (128μLQ)/(πd⁴)

where: ΔP = pressure drop (Pa)

μ = dynamic viscosity of glycerin at 20°C (Pa × s)

L = length of the pipe (m)

= volumetric flow rate (m³/s)

d = diameter of the pipe (m)

First, we need to calculate the volumetric flow rate of glycerin through the 6-inch pipe.

The pig is moving at a speed of 1.2 m/s, so the volumetric flow rate can be calculated as:

Q = π/4 (6/39.37)² × 1.2

Q = 0.02188 m³/s

Next, we need to look up the dynamic viscosity of glycerin at 20°C.

We know that the dynamic viscosity of glycerin at 20°C is 0.00149 Pa × s.

Using these values, we can calculate the pressure drop:

ΔP = (128 × 0.00149 × 121 × 0.02188)/(π(5.9375/39.37)⁴)

= 317.6 Pa

Therefore, a pressure difference of 317.6 Pa is needed to drive the pig through the glycerin-filled pipe at the given speed.

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Explanation:

Since the rollers are identical and the surfaces are smooth, the reaction forces at points A and C must be equal and vertical.

Let's call this force R. At point B, the reaction force is perpendicular to the inclined plane, so we can use trigonometry to find its magnitude.

Let's call this force T. Using the forces in the vertical direction, we can write: 2R + T = 2Q Using the forces in the horizontal direction

we can write: T = R tanθ where θ is the angle of inclination of the plane. Substituting the second equation into the first, we get: 2R + R tanθ = 2Q Simplifying: R (2 + tanθ) = 2Q R = 2Q / (2 + tanθ)

Plugging in the values: R = 2(100N) / (2 + tanθ) We can use trigonometry to find the value of tanθ: tanθ = opposite / adjacent = BC / AB

Since the rollers are identical, BC = AB, so: tanθ = AB / AB = 1 Therefore, R = 2(100N) / (2 + 1) = 50N and T = R tanθ = 50N * 1 = 50N

So the reaction forces at points A and C are both equal to 50N and vertical, while the reaction force at point B is equal to 50N and perpendicular to the inclined plane.

Answer:

a. the rate of heat loss from the electronic device to the surrounding air

A total of 10 rectangular aluminum fins (k = 203 W/m·K) are placed on the outside flat surface of an electronic device. Each fin is 100 mm wide, 20 mm high and

4 mm thick. The fins are located parallel to each other at a center-to-center distance of 8 mm. The temperature at the outside surface of the electronic device is 72°C. The air is at 20°C, and the heat transfer coefficient is 80 W/m2·K. Determine (a) the rate of heat loss from the electronic device to the surrounding air and (b) the fin effectiveness.

Explanation:

Sorry if wrong, Hope I helped

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The distance between structural supports such as walls, columns, piers, beams, or girders

Span – The distance between structural supports such as walls, columns, ports, girders, and trusses.

A joist is a horizontal structural component used in framing to span an open space, often between beams that subsequently move loads to vertical members. When incorporated into a floor framing system, joists serve to provide immobility to the subfloor sheathing, permitting it to function as a horizontal diaphragm.

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Main Answer:

The Bureau of Indian standards developed the national electric code, the national building code, and the national fire prevention code.

Sub heading:

explain BIS?

Explanation:

1.BIS-bureau of indian standard is the national standard body of india.

2.BIS is responbility for the harmonious deve;opment of the activities of standardization.marking .

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a) The Gantt chart view for the project is shown below. The finish date is April 6, 2023. The critical path is A-B-E-F-H-I-K-L and its duration is 25 days.

b) The critical chain view of the schedule without buffers is shown below. The critical chain is A-C-D-E-G-H-I-J-K-L and its duration is 18 days. Adding the project buffer of 25% of the critical chain duration (4.5 days) and the feeding buffers, the end date is April 10, 2023.

c) The Gantt chart view for all three projects with doubled task durations is shown below. The finish date is May 13, 2023.

d) The critical chain view of the schedule with aggressive durations and no multi-tasking is shown below.

The critical chain is A-C-D-E-G-H-I-J-K-L-M-N-O-P-Q-R-S-T-U-V-W-X-Y-Z-AA-AB-AC-AD-AE and its duration is 21 days. Adding the project buffer of 25% of the critical chain duration (5.25 days) and the feeding buffers, the end date is May 23, 2023.

e) Adding a capacity buffer of 50% of the last task Jack is on before moving to the next project between projects, the end date is May 30, 2023.

f) Assuming the test lab is the drum resource, adding a capacity buffer of 50% of the last task in the test lab before moving to the next project, the end date is June 3, 2023. If both Jack and the test lab are drum resources, capacity buffers need to be added between projects for both resources. The overall end date will depend on the size of the buffers added.

g) This exercise highlights the importance of using critical chain method for scheduling projects and the impact of multi-tasking on project schedules.

Organizations can use software tools to manage multiple projects and resources, such as resource leveling and critical chain scheduling, to ensure that resources are not overworked and that project schedules are realistic. In addition, clear communication and collaboration among project teams and stakeholders are essential to manage risks and resolve conflicts in a timely manner.

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We have that the new bulb 's Price is P  is mathematically given as

P= $100.68

Generally the Arithmetic equation for the life time of new bulb  is mathematically given as

life time = old bulb life / (usage per 24 x 365)

Therefore

L= 14,600 / (19 x 365)

L= 2.10 years

Where

old bulb=(2 x 45.9) (1 + 15/100)2.10 x 2 + 16

Old bulb=$181.11

After tax

tax = 181.11(1 - 40%)

tax= $108.66

Therefore

the new bulb 's Price is P

108.66 = P x (1.7986) x (0.6)

P= $100.68

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Answer:

a) 42 mm

b) 144.4 MPa

Explanation:

Load P = 200 kN = 200 x 10^3 N

Torque T = 1.5 kN-m = 1.5 x 10^3 N-m

maximum shear stress τ = 100 Mpa = 100 x 10^6 Pa

diameter of shaft d = ?

From T = τ * \(\frac{\pi }{16}\) * \(d^{3}\)

substituting values, we have

1.5 x 10^3 = 100 x 10^6 x \(\frac{3.142 }{16}\) x \(d^{3}\)

\(d^{3}\) = 7.638 x 10^-5

d = \(\sqrt[3]{7.638 * 10^-5}\) = 0.042 m = 42 mm

b) Normal stress = P/A

where A is the area

A = \(\frac{\pi d^{2} }{4}\) = \(\frac{3.142*0.042^{2} }{4}\) = 1.385 x 10^-3

Normal stress = (200 x 10^3)/(1.385 x 10^-3) = 144.4 x 10^6 Pa = 144.4 MPa

The primary purpose of beams as structural components is to support vertical loads.

The highest shear and maximum moment locations, as well as the corresponding magnitudes, should be noted while constructing a beam because there is where the structure is most likely to break.

We must measure the shear force and bending moment at every location along the whole length of the beam in order to identify these important places.

While this method is helpful, you will need a more potent strategy to determine the shear and moment at every point in the item. A shear and bending moment diagram can be made to do this.

Therefore, The primary purpose of beams as structural components is to support vertical loads.

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Answer:

It's a fit test

The bar has a square cross section whose edge length is 18 mm and the elastic of 32.4 kN.

Given information: Length of the bar = 4 meter Cross-sectional area of the bar = 18 mm x 18 mm

Density of 316 stainless steel = 8000 kg/m³Tensile strength of 316 stainless steel = 200 MPa

Also, the formula for calculating the tensile stress isσ = F / A where, F is the force applied

A is the cross-sectional area of the bar We need to find the maximum elastic load that a 4 meter long bar of 316 stainless steel can endure under tensile loading.

The maximum load that a bar can withstand before it starts to plastically deform is calculated as follows: The elastic limit of the 316 stainless steel is 200 MPa

The cross-sectional area of the bar = 18 mm × 18 mm = 324 mm²= 324 × 10⁻⁶ m²Elastic Limit = σy = 200 MPa = 200 × 10⁶ PaYoung’s modulus of elasticity = E = 200 × 10⁹ Pa

Maximum stress that can be induced in the material = σMax= σy/2 = 200 /2 = 100 MPa = 100 × 10⁶ Pa

Maximum force that can be applied to the bar is calculated as follows: F Max= σMax × A= (100 × 10⁶) × (324 × 10⁻⁶)= 32.4 kN Maximum elastic load that a 4 meter long bar of 316 stainless steel can endure under tensile loading is 32.4 kN. Therefore the  elastic load 32.4 kN.

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Answer:a

a) Vo/Vi = - 3.4

b) Vo/Vi = - 14.8

c) Vo/Vi = - 1000

Explanation:

a)

R1 = 17kΩ

for ideal op-amp

Va≈Vb=0 so Va=0

(Va - Vi)/5kΩ + (Va -Vo)/17kΩ = 0

sin we know Va≈Vb=0

so

-Vi/5kΩ + -Vo/17kΩ = 0

Vo/Vi = - 17k/5k

Vo/Vi = -3.4

║Vo/Vi ║ = 3.4    ( negative sign phase inversion)

b)

R2 = 74kΩ

for ideal op-amp

Va≈Vb=0 so Va=0

so

(Va-Vi)/5kΩ + (Va-Vo)74kΩ = 0

-Vi/5kΩ + -Vo/74kΩ = 0

Vo/Vi = - 74kΩ/5kΩ

Vo/Vi = - 14.8

║Vo/Vi ║ = 14.8  ( negative sign phase inversion)

c)

Also for ideal op-amp

Va≈Vb=0 so Va=0

Now for position 3 we apply nodal analysis we got at position 1

(Va - Vi)/5kΩ + (Va - Vo)/5000kΩ = 0           ( 5MΩ = 5000kΩ )

so

-Vi/5kΩ + -Vo/5000kΩ = 0

Vo/Vi = - 5000kΩ/5kΩ

Vo/Vi = - 1000

║Vo/Vi ║ = 1000  ( negative sign phase inversion)

Answer:

At x = 3m , Tw = 0.0176 N/m^2

At x = 6m , Tw = 0.056 N/m^2

Explanation:

Here in this question, we are concerned with calculating the boundary layer thickness and the wall shear stress at the center and the trailing edge of the plate , assuming a laminar boundary layer.

Please check attachment for complete solution

A Poisson process is a statistical model that describes the occurrence of rare events over time or space. It is commonly used to model the number of failures in commercial water pipes.

One of the advantages of using a Poisson process to model the number of failures in commercial water pipes is that it allows for the calculation of the probability of multiple failures occurring within a given time period. For example, if the failure rate is estimated to be 1 failure per 100 km of pipe per day, the probability of two failures occurring in a 24 hour period can be calculated.

In addition, the Poisson process can be used to determine the expected number of failures over a given time period. For example, if the failure rate is estimated to be 1 failure per 100 km of pipe per day, the expected number of failures over a 30-day period would be 30 failures.


In conclusion, the Poisson process is a useful statistical model for estimating the number of failures in commercial water pipes. It allows for the calculation of the probability of multiple failures occurring within a given time period, as well as the expected number of failures over a given time period. However, it is important to consider the assumptions of the model and to be aware of potential sources of variation in the rate of failures over time.

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In order to meet the requirements of the Online University Platform, various architectures need to be implemented. Two important architectural aspects are Technology Architecture and Application Architecture.

Technology Architecture focuses on the hardware, software, and infrastructure components necessary to support the system, while Application Architecture defines the structure and organization of the software applications that form the platform.

Technology Architecture: Technology Architecture encompasses the underlying technological components required to support the Online University Platform. This includes hardware infrastructure such as servers, network devices, and storage systems, as well as software components like operating systems, databases, and middleware. The Technology Architecture ensures that the necessary infrastructure is in place to support the application layer and its requirements. It addresses scalability, availability, performance, security, and other aspects related to the underlying technology stack.

Application Architecture: Application Architecture focuses on the design and organization of the software applications that make up the Online University Platform. It defines how the different modules or components of the system interact with each other, the data flow, and the overall structure of the applications. Application Architecture ensures that the system's functionality aligns with the requirements of the business stakeholders and user needs. It involves defining the software layers, interfaces, protocols, and frameworks used in the system, as well as the overall design patterns and principles.

In summary, Technology Architecture deals with the infrastructure and technology components required to support the Online University Platform, while Application Architecture focuses on the design and organization of the software applications that make up the platform. Both architectures are crucial for ensuring that the system meets the requirements of the project, with Technology Architecture addressing the underlying infrastructure and Application Architecture ensuring the functionality and structure of the software applications.

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Answer:

Explanation:

From the given information:

The square foundation = 3m by 3m

capacity q = 165 kPa

depth = 1.5 m

assuming soil unit weight = 17.5 kN

q = 17.5 × 1.5

q = 26.25 kPa

Settlement \(Se = C_1C_2 (\overline q - q) (\dfrac{I_z}{E_s})D_f\)

where;

\(c_1 = 1-0.5 (\dfrac{q}{\overline q -q})\)

\(c_1 = 0.905\)

\(c_2 = 1+ 0.2 log ( \dfrac{t}{0.1})\)

suppose t = 1year

\(c_2 = 1+ 0.2 log ( \dfrac{1}{0.1})\)

\(c_2 = 1.2\)

Using Schertmann method.

\(\mathtt{ I_t = 0.5 }\)

\(\dfrac{length }{breadth } = \dfrac{3}{3}=1\)

∴

E⁵ = \(2.5 q_e\)

E⁵ = 2.5 × 165

E⁵ = 412.5 kPa

Hence: \(Se = C_1C_2 (\overline q - q) (\dfrac{I_z}{E_s})D_f\)

\(Se = 0.905 * 1.2(165-26.25) (\dfrac{0.5}{412.5})*1.5\)

\(\mathbf{Se = 0.273 \ m}\)

Based on the Chvorinov's rule, the diference in the solidification times of the two castings is 14.092 times the solidification time of the prism casting.

The Chvorinov's rule is an empirical method to estimate the cooling time of a casting in terms of a reference time. This rule states that cooling time (t) is directly proportional to the square of the volume (V), in cubic meters, divided to the surface area (A), in square meters. Now we proceed to model each casting:

t = C · [0.25π · D² · L/(0.5π · D² + π · D · L)]²

t = C · [0.25 · D · L/(0.5 · D + L)]²    (1)

t' = C · [3 · T² · L/(6 · T · L + 2 · T · L + 6 · T²)]²

t' = C · [3 · T · L/(8 · L + 6 · T)]²     (2)

3 · T² = 0.25π · D²     (3)

Where:

If we know that D = 0.3 m, then the thickness of the prism casting is:

\(T = \sqrt{\frac{\pi}{12} }\cdot D\)

T ≈ 0.153 m

And (1) and (2) simplified into these forms:

t = C · {0.25π · (0.3 m) · (0.5 m)/[0.5 · (0.3 m) + 0.5 m]}²

t = 0.0329 · C     (1b)

t' = C · {3 · (0.153 m) · (0.5 m)/[8 · (0.5 m) + 6 · (0.153 m)]}²

t' = 0.00218 · C     (2b)

Lastly we find the percentual difference in the solidification times of the two castings by using the following expression:

r = (1 - t'/t) × 100 %

r = (1 - 0.00218/0.0329) × 100 %

r = 93.374 %

The cooling time of the prism casting is 6.626 % of the solidification time of the cylindrical casting. The diference in the solidification times of the two castings is 14.092 times the solidification time of the prism casting. \(\blacksquare\)

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