which of the traits appeared at point 4 on the phylogeny shown?cell signalingbulk flowadhesiongap junctionsdifferentiation of distinct cell types
Answers
The trait appeared at point 4 on the phylogeny shown is Bulk flow.
B is the correct answer.
The movement of a fluid caused by a pressure gradient is referred to as bulk flow. The movement of molecules along a concentration gradient is known as diffusion. Both processes occur when a person breathes.
Wherever there exist air pressure gradients in a system, bulk or volume flow of air occurs. The thorax's bellows movement causes this visible airflow to occur.
Depending on physiologic requirements, bulk flow is necessary to carry huge volumes of liquid through the body. The environment may provide all the tissues with the nutrients they need, but bulk flow accelerates the pace of diffusion.
To know more about bulk flow visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28812781
#SPJ4
The complete question is:
Which of the traits appeared at point 4 on the phylogeny shown?
A. cell signaling
B. bulk flow
C. adhesion gap junctions
D. differentiation of distinct cell types
Based on the information provided, I cannot see the specific phylogeny you are referring to. However, I can help you understand the terms "traits" and "phylogeny."
Traits are characteristics or features that organisms possess, such as physical attributes or behaviors. In the context of phylogeny, traits can be used to determine evolutionary relationships among organisms.
Phylogeny refers to the evolutionary history and relationships among organisms or groups of organisms. It is typically represented as a tree, with nodes representing common ancestors and branches indicating the evolutionary path.
To answer your question about which trait appeared at point 4 on the phylogeny, I would need more information or access to the specific phylogeny diagram you are referring to. Once I have that information, I would be happy to help you determine the trait at point 4.
Learn more about traits here:
https://brainly.com/question/1463051
#SPJ11
Related Questions
Consider the following two statements about succession.
Student 1:
Matthew - As succession begins, communities tend to be dominated by mostly K-selected species. As succession continues, r-selected species tend to compete better and therefore become more and more common.
Student 2:
Iman - As succession begins, communities tend to be dominated by mostly r-selected species. As succession continues, K-selected species tend to compete better and therefore become more and more common.
Which student is correct?
a. Provide a rationale for your answer (2 marks)
b. Provide a specific example of succession which includes at least one example of an r-selected and one example of a K-selected species. (1 mark)
Note - No marks are earned by simply agreeing with either Matthew or Iman
Answers
Which of the following is not true
about antibodies?
A. They are proteins
B. They destroy pathogens
C. They are produced by
plasma cells
D. They are stored in vacuoles
NEED ASAP!!!
Answers
Antibodies are not stored in vacuoles. They are found in the blood, lymph, and other body fluids. Hence option D is correct.
Antibodies are proteins that are produced by plasma cells in response to an infection. They bind to specific antigens on the surface of pathogens, which helps to destroy them.
The other choices are all true about antibodies.
A. They are proteins. Antibodies are made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.
B. They destroy pathogens. Antibodies bind to specific antigens on the surface of pathogens, which helps to destroy them.
C. They are produced by plasma cells. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell that is responsible for producing antibodies.
Therefore, option D) They are stored in vacuoles is correct.
To know more about Antibodies:
https://brainly.com/question/27931383
#SPJ6
Because bacteria frequently grow on poorly stored food, this often leads to what?
Answers
Poorly stored food usually experiences spoilage or foodborne illnesses because bacteria often thrive there.
Bacteria can grow and breed rapidly when food is not stored properly. Microorganisms called bacteria can contaminate food and create toxins, which reduce the quality and safety of food. When food loses its taste, texture, appearance, or nutritional value, it becomes unpalatable or unsafe to eat. This is called food spoilage.
Foodborne infections can occur more frequently when dangerous bacteria are present in improperly stored food. These infections can be spread by consuming contaminated food, which can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort and, in some circumstances, more serious health problems.
Learn more about Foodborne infections, here:
https://brainly.com/question/33445743
#SPJ7
in which cellular location listed below does the following reaction take place? ornithine carbamoyl-phosphate -> citrulline a. mitochondrial matrix b. lysosome c. cytosol or mitochondrial matrix d. none of the answers given are correct e. cytosol
Answers
The reaction of ornithine carbamoyl-phosphate -> citrulline takes place in the mitochondrial matrix. Therefore, the correct answer is option A. mitochondrial matrix.
The mitochondrial matrix is the fluid-filled space inside the inner membrane of the mitochondria. It is where many important reactions take place, including the citric acid cycle and the conversion of ornithine carbamoyl-phosphate to citrulline. This reaction is part of the urea cycle, which is responsible for the detoxification of ammonia and the production of urea. The urea cycle takes place primarily in the liver, and the majority of the reactions occur in the mitochondrial matrix.
Learn more about mitochondrial matrix at
https://brainly.com/question/14461394
#SPJ11
Which of the following statements best describes the relationships between the genome, genes, and proteins? Multiple Choice - There is one genome it cosists of many genes that oncode for multiple proteins
- There is one genome it consists of one gene that encode for multiple proteins
- There are multiple genome they consist of one single gene that encode for multiple proteins
- There is one genome is consists of one gene that encode for one proteins
- There are multiple genome they consists of many genes that encode for multiple proteins
Answers
One genome contains numerous genes that each code for a variety of proteins.
Which makes it conceivable for one gene to encode over several molecules, in what manner is this process managed.
How is it conceivable for one gene to encode for several proteins, in what manner is that process controlled?
A particular section of DNA, known as a gene, can encode various types of proteins in multiple ways.
A Genes are DNA sequences that contain the protein coding information. Proteins make up genes, which contain essential instructions needed to create DNA. Countless DNA molecules that encode for proteins think up genes. DNA is organised on chromosomes to form genes. Some genetic changes occur regulatory or structural RNAs. Various gene products proteins. In the cell genetics and genome.
To know more about Genome click here
brainly.com/question/29482089
#SPJ4
The infections that people get while they are in hospitals are commonly resistant to multiple drugs. What is a reason for the increased number of drug-resistant bacteria being found in hospitals?
Answers
Answer: The reason for the increased number of drug-resistant bacteria being found in hospitals is due to MISUSE and OVERUSE of antibiotics.
Explanation:
Antibiotics is a type of drug that attacks bacteria microorganisms either by killing or eliminating the bacteria (that is, bactericidal) or by preventing further growth of the bacteria (that is, bacteriostatic). Antibiotics should be taken properly while being used to treat any diseases condition to prevent drug resistance by the bacteria from occurring.
The reason for the increased number of drug-resistant bacteria being found in hospitals is due to MISUSE and OVERUSE of antibiotics. This causes the bacteria to change the way they respond to these medicines making them become antibiotic resistance. When they infect an individual, the infections they cause are harder to treat than those caused by non-resistant bacteria.
the type of immunity where antibodies are not produced but are given either artificially or acquired by a baby during pregnancy is called ?
Answers
The type of immunity where antibodies are not produced but are given either artificially or acquired by a baby during pregnancy is called "passive immunity."
In passive immunity, antibodies are transferred from one individual to another, rather than being produced by the recipient's immune system. This can occur naturally, as in the case of a baby acquire antibodies from its mother during pregnancy, or artificially, as in the case of administering antibody-containing preparations like immunoglobulins.
To know more about Acquired antibodies visit https://brainly.com/question/8189807
#SPJ11
The __________ perspective focuses on how people process, store, and use information. A. behavioral B. sociocultural C. cognitive D. biological
Answers
The cognitive viewpoint demonstrates how effectively people can utilize their mental toughness to concentrate on knowledge, how readily they can use it whenever needed, as well as how they can retain important references for better use.It stresses the mind's entire purpose throughout the mental processes and how well it stores, uses, as well as processes the data.
Thus the response above is right.
Learn more about cognitive perspective here:
https://brainly.com/question/24362527
Answer:
D) Cognitive
Explanation:
edge 2023
using the images for help, place in the correct order of occurrence from left to right the events that occur at the neuromuscular junction after the action potential reaches the axon terminal.
Answers
Synaptic vesicles carrying neurotransmitters are present (stored) in the axon terminal prior to the action potential arriving there.
What is a neuromuscular junction?The correct order of occurrence from left to right.
The axon terminal is entered by Ca²⁺.
ACh is released by synaptic vesicles.
ACh receptors are bound by ACh.
Opening of ligand-gated cation channels.
K⁺ leaves and Na⁺ enters.
The less negative potential exists in membranes.
Therefore, the membrane of the axon terminal is depolarized as the action potential reaches the neuromuscular junction, which triggers the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft in response to calcium influx.
Learn more about axons, here:
https://brainly.com/question/15689948
#SPJ1
biology
need an answer!!!
will give brainliest to correct answerer
Answers
\(▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪ {\huge\mathfrak{Answer}}▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪▪\)
The base is the substance with a pH greater than 7.
Match each description to the level of organization.
organ
cell
a group of tissues that work together to
perform a common function
the basic unit of structure and function of
living things
a group of cells that work together to
perform a common function
organism
organ system
a living thing that is made of organ systems
tissue
a group of organs that work together to
perform a common function
Answers
Cell- the basic unit of structure and function of living things
Tissue- a group of cells that work together to perform a common function
Organ system-a group of organs that work together to perform a common function
Organism- A living thing that is made of organ systems
Answer:
Look at screenshot
Explanation:
A cooperative effect can occur in some types of multi-subunit proteins, leading to improved function of the
subunits when bound to each other. At what level of protein structure does this function arise?
Answers
The level of protein structure that this function arises is called Quaternary structure.
For bettter understanding, we have to explain what this structure is
Quaternary structure is simply a type of protein structure where two or more protein subunits join or combine themselves together just mainly to form what we call a biologically active protein.it is often referred to as the fourth level or last stage of protein structure.From the above, we can say that the answer The level of protein structure that this function arises is called Quaternary structure is true.
Learn more about quaternary structure from
https://brainly.com/question/14591931
Why is there a synaptic delay in gustatory receptors that is not seen in olfactory receptors?.
Answers
Although the activity in the cell varies, odorants, sweet, bitter, and umami chemicals all cause G-linked protein activities. Sour and salty substances activate certain signaling pathways.
Gustatory receptors, which are used to sense taste, are found on the papillae of the tongue. On the olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity, olfactory receptors can be found. These aid in the recognition of different smells. These receptors transmit sensory information to the brain via sensory nerves.
Olfactory receptors are any of the nucleated, highly specialized cells that are found in the mucous membrane of the nose and act as receptors for smell, while gustatory receptors are the cells on the tongue that are designed to sense taste. Consequently, this is the primary distinction between gustatory and olfactory receptors.
As a result, we can say that odorants, as well as sweet, bitter, and umami compounds, induce the activity of G-linked proteins. However, the cellular response to each is different. Substances with salt and acid activate direct signaling pathways.
LEARN MORE ABOUT G- PROTEIN HERE:
https://brainly.com/question/13857308
#SPJ4
Identical twins, who have inherited a gene associated with obesity, are adopted by different families. One is growing up in a very health-conscious family, while the other is growing up in a family that eats a lot of fast food and never exercises. Which statement describes their likely weights upon reaching adulthood?
A.
They will both be overweight because they both have the gene associated with obesity.
B.
They will both be of average weight because their genes will mutate as they grow and develop.
C.
The weight of the twins is difficult to predict because both genes and environmental factors affect weight.
D.
One twin will be overweight and the other will be of average weight, because they were raised in different environments.
Answers
Answer:
c
Explanation:
this statement is true and no matter what the genes say environmental parts play a huge role
Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Transcription and translation are continuous processes in eukaryotes but not prokaryotesB. Transcription and translation are continuous processes in prokaryotes but not eukaryotesC. All of the processes occur in the same site in the cell for prokaryotes and eukaryotesD. mRNA is processed before translation in prokaryotes but not eukaryotesE. Transcription and translation are continuous processes in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Answers
Transcription and translation are processes that happens in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but in eukaryotic cells they take place in different sites than in prokaryotic cells. Therefore, C is incorrect.
In eukaryotic cells, the mRNA is extensively processed before it is ready to be translated, not in prokaryotic cells. Therefore, D is incorrect as well.
In eukaryotic cells, transcription and translation are separate processes, transcription takes place in the nucleus and translation takes place in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotic cells, transcription and translation both takes place in the cytoplasm, being a continuous process. Therefore, A is incorrect, E is wrong too and the correct answer is B. Transcription and translation are continuous processes in prokaryotes but not eukaryotes.
What is not true about ocean waves?
They get their energy from the wind.
They can travel long distances.
They transfer energy without matter as a medium.
The greater the wind speed is, the higher the wave is.
Answers
Answer:
They transfer energy without matter as a medium
Explanation:
I don't really have one
Which of the following conditions is characterized by incompetence of the esophageal sphincter?
(A) Crohn's disease
(B) Esophageal varices
(C) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (D) Pyloric stenosis
(E) Stomatitis
Pleasee!
Answers
I don’t have an explanation sorry.
Answer:
(C) Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Explanation:
The three general requirements for resisting disease are:
eating foods that will give you the proper nutrition
exercising
eating foods high in calories
getting plenty of rest
taking lots of vitamins
Answers
Answer: eating foods that will give you the proper nutrition
exercising
getting plenty of rest
Explanation:
of 4
JU
Question 1
Which of the following compounds can be classified as lipids? Select all that apply.
A) peptides
B) steroids
C) saturated fatty acids
D) nucleic acids
E) disaccharides
OF) phospholipids
G) enzymes
DH) unsaturated fatty acids
Answers
The following compounds can be classified as lipids: steroids, saturated fatty acids, phospholipids, unsaturated fatty acids.
WHAT ARE LIPIDS:
Lipids are one of the four biomolecules in nature; the other three being proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates. Lipids are composed of long chains of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. They are insoluble in water.Lipids consists of sterols, phospholipids, fats, triglycerides, unsaturated and saturated fats etc.Therefore, the following compounds can be classified as lipids: steroids, saturated fatty acids, phospholipids, unsaturated fatty acids
Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/3498396?referrer=searchResults
4. 13 Cell culture using whey Waste dairy whey is used to grow Kluyveromyces fragilis yeast in a continuous culture system operated at 30C and 1 atm pressure. Medium containing 4% w/w lactose (C12H22O11) and 0. 15% w/w NH3 flows into a specially designed aerated bioreactor at a rate of 200 kg h21. The reactor is compartmentalised to facilitate gravity settling of the yeast; a suspension containing concentrated cells is drawn off continuously from the bottom of the reactor at a rate of 40 kg h21 , while an aqueous waste stream containing 0. 5 kg cells per 100 kg leaves from the top. All of the lactose provided is utilised by the culture. The biomass yield from lactose is known from preliminary experiments to be 0. 25 g g21. The composition of the K. Fragilis biomass is determined by elemental analysis to be CH1. 63O0. 54N0. 16 1 7. 5% ash. (a) What is the RQ for this culture
Answers
The respiratory quotient (RQ) is the ratio of the amount of CO2 produced to the amount of O2 consumed in a reaction or metabolic process, and it is used to determine the metabolic pathway being used during the process. The RQ for this culture is 1.28.
The formula for determining the RQ is as follows:
RQ = CO2 produced / O2 consumed
The oxygen consumed by the yeast can be calculated using the biomass yield equation as follows:
Biomass yield from lactose = Yx/s = 0.25 g/g
Lactose consumed = 4% w/w = 0.04 * 200 kg/h = 8 kg/h
Lactose molecular weight = 12 + 22 + 11 + 11 + 11 + 11 = 78 g/mol
Moles of lactose consumed = 8000 / 78 = 102.6 mol
Oxygen required = 102.6 * (12 + 1 + 16 * 2) = 5552.8 mol/h
CO2 produced can be calculated using the composition of K. fragilis biomass as follows:
Carbon content in K. fragilis biomass = (1 * 1.63) / (1.63 + 0.54 + 0.16) = 0.73CO2 produced = 0.73 * 0.25 * 102.6 * (12 + 16 * 2) = 3156 mol/h
The RQ can now be calculated using the equation above:
RQ = CO2 produced / O2 consumed= 3156 / 5552.8= 1.28
Therefore, the RQ for this culture is 1.28.
Know more about respiratory quotient here,
https://brainly.com/question/13092950
#SPJ11
Plants have developed many methods of seed dispersal. The table below shows seeds of two different plants. How has the seed dispersal method developed by these plants given them a reproductive advantage?
Answers
Answer:
it gives them an advantage by it being able to spread out its kind many different times and in vast amounts.
Explanation:
Which of the following statements is true?
A.Surgery is the best treatment for ALS.
B.Exercise, a healthy diet, and brain activity can delay Alzheimer's disease.
C.Age is the least important factor for Parkinson's disease.
D.Forgetfulness is an early symptom of Lou Gehrig's disease.
Answers
Answer:
c
Explanation:
its c and if you could can have brainlest pls because i never got 1 before :(
also it says its more common when 50 years or older but it can be with someone by all ages
Answer:
B. Exercise, a healthy diet, and brain activity can delay Alzheimer's disease.
Explanation:
Its right on Odyssey Ware
Hope it helps!! :)
What are the building blocks of proteins
Answers
Answer:
Amino acids
Explanation:
Amino acids
did mammals co-exist with dinosaurs? if so, how and why did the extinction of dinosaurs affect the evolution of mammals in the era following that extinction?
Answers
Yes, mammals co-existed with dinosaurs. During the time of the dinosaurs, mammals coexisted with these large reptiles.
However, the extinction of the dinosaurs, which is believed to have been caused by a combination of an asteroid impact and volcanic activity, had a significant impact on the Earth's ecosystems.
With the disappearance of the dinosaurs, there were many new ecological niches available for other organisms to occupy.
Mammals, which were typically small and active at night during the dinosaur era, were among the beneficiaries of this shift.
They began to diversify and adapt to the new ecological opportunities created by the dinosaur extinction event.
As a result, they evolved into a wide range of different forms and sizes, occupying various ecological roles.
This diversification and evolution of mammals after the dinosaur extinction led to the emergence of many new groups of mammals and contributed to the development of the wide variety of mammals that exist today.
Thus, the extinction of dinosaurs played a key role in shaping the evolutionary history of mammals.
learn more about mammals.
https://brainly.com/question/30258321
#SPJ11
A segment of DNA that leads to the expression of a hereditary trait or characteristic is known as a -
O gene
O protein
O double helix
O nucleic acid
Answers
Answer:
gene
Explanation:
The basic unit of heredity that occupies a specific location on a chromosome is a gene.
A segment of DNA that leads to the expression of a hereditary trait or characteristic is known as a gene.
What is a gene?Gene is the basic unit of life. The basic unit of inheritance is thought to be the gene. Parents pass on their genes to their children, which include the data required to define physical and biological features.
The majority of genes produce distinct proteins or portions of proteins, each of which performs a different function in the body. There are about 20,000 protein-coding genes in humans.
The fundamental structural and operational unit of heredity is the gene. DNA is the component of genes. Some genes serve as blueprints for the synthesis of proteins. Many genes do not, however, code for proteins. A few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases make up a gene in a human.
Therefore, A segment of DNA that leads to the expression of a hereditary trait or characteristic is known as a gene.
To learn more about gene, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/8832859
#SPJ5
Using fewer fossil fuels could help restore equilibrium to the carbon cycle. What does equilibrium mean?.
Answers
Answer:
a state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced.
Which of these statements best describes prey
Answers
Prey Definition:
Any animal that is killed and eaten by another animal.
The Earth rotates counterclockwise on its axis. Because of this, in which direction does the Moon appear to move across the sky?
A. from north to south
B. from south to north
C. from west to east
D. from east to west
Answers
Answer:
East To West
Explanation:
To promote wound healing, the nurse is teaching a patient about choosing foods containing protein. Which foods are incomplete proteins that should be consumed with a complementary protein?.
Answers
Grains, cereals, nuts, or seeds means the plant foods are the incomplete proteins that should be consumed with a complementary protein.
A complete protein can be created by combining the incomplete proteins present in plant sources. In general, dry beans, dried peas, lentils, peanuts, and peanut butter can be consumed alongside grains, cereals, nuts, and seeds.
Any protein that lacks one among those nine necessary amino acids is considered incomplete. Beans, certain nuts, and tofu are some examples of incomplete protein sources, thus consuming those foods alone won't provide your body with all of the essential amino acids.
Incomplete proteins from two or more foods are often combined to create complementary proteins, which may supply enough of each of the required amino acids. As long because the day's meals contain all of the complementary proteins, they do not necessarily need to be consumed together.
Learn more about incomplete proteins from:
https://brainly.com/question/2204545
#SPJ4
For a certain breed of cat, short tails are dominant (1) and long tails are
recessive (1). The Punnett square below shows a cross between two parents,
What is the phenotype ratio for this cross?
T
t
Tt to
TE
A 4 long. O short
B. 2 long, 2 short
C. 3 long, 1 short
D. I long, 3 short
Answers
The phenotype ratio for the cross would be 1 long:3 short.
PhenotypesThis refers to the physical expression of genes.
Let us assume that the allele for short tail is T while that of long tail is t.
Since short tails are dominant over long tails, any genotype with T will always be expressed as short tail.
Thus, TT and 2Tt will have short tails while only tt will have a long tail, making a ratio of 3:1.
More on phenotypes can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/20730322
