Which of the following would be the worst solvent for an Sp2 reaction (slowest rate)? A, A molecule with SMILES string CC(=O)C. O B. A molecule with SMILES string CS(=O)C. O C. A molecule with SMILES string CCO. O D. A molecule with SMILES string CN(C)C=0.

Answers

Answer 1

Among the given options, the worst solvent for an Sp2 reaction (slowest rate) would be CCO (Option C).

Among the given options, the worst solvent for an Sp2 reaction (slowest rate) would be the one that is least effective in solvating and stabilizing the reactants and transition state. Let's consider each option and evaluate their suitability as solvents for an Sp2 reaction:

A. CC(=O)C: This molecule is a ketone, which has a polar carbonyl group (C=O) that can participate in hydrogen bonding with the reactants. However, the nonpolar alkyl chains (C-C) may reduce the overall polarity of the solvent and make it less effective in solvating polar reactants. Nonetheless, this solvent is still better than the other options, as it can stabilize the transition state by forming a hydrogen bond with the nucleophile.

B. CS(=O)C: This molecule is a sulfoxide, which has a polar sulfur atom that can participate in hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions with the reactants. However, the nonpolar alkyl chains may again reduce the overall polarity of the solvent and make it less effective in solvating polar reactants. Additionally, the sulfur atom may interact with the electrophile and alter its reactivity, leading to undesired side reactions.

C. CCO: This molecule is an alcohol, which has a polar hydroxyl group (-OH) that can participate in hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions with the reactants. However, the oxygen atom can also act as a nucleophile and compete with the reactants, leading to unwanted side reactions. Furthermore, the hydroxyl group can deprotonate the reactants and alter their reactivity.

D. CN(C)C=O: This molecule is a carbamate, which has a polar carbonyl group and a polar amino group (-NH2) that can participate in hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions with the reactants. However, the amino group can also act as a nucleophile and compete with the reactants, leading to unwanted side reactions. Additionally, the presence of the carbamate group may alter the reactivity of the electrophile and reduce the overall rate of the reaction.

Therefore, among the given options, the worst solvent for an Sp2 reaction (slowest rate) would be CCO (Option C), as it has a high potential for interfering with the reaction mechanism and stabilizing the transition state. Nonetheless, it is important to note that the choice of solvent depends on several factors, including the nature of the reactants, the desired product, and the reaction conditions.

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Related Questions

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy any atomic orbital?

Answers

Answer:

only 2 electrons can be occupied in atomic orbital.

Carbon has all of these physical properties except _____

Answers

Answer:

A good conductor.

Explanation:

Some physical properties of carbon:

   1) Atomic Number: The atomic number of carbons is 6.

   2) Atomic Mass: Its atomic mass is 12.011 g mol-1.

   3) Electronegativity: According to Pauling, the electronegativity of carbon      is 2.5.

   4) Boiling Point: Its boiling point is, 4827o C.

   5) Melting Point: Its melting point is, 3652o C.

GUYS I NEED HELP WITH THIS ASSIGNMENT MY LAST ASSIGNMENT FOR THE DAY

1. What are the reactants? What are the products? Use the reaction below (2pts) 

Na   +   Cl2     →   NaCl
 
2. Why do chemical reactions need to be balanced? (2pt) 
 
3. In order to balance the following reaction, I need to add more Chlorine atoms to the product side. Would the highlighted answer be a correct way of adding more Chlorine atoms? Why or why not? (2pt) 
Balanced:   Na   +   Cl2     →   NaCl2         
 
4. Given the following reactions, what does the coefficient 2 represent for 2KI? (2pt)
           Cl2   +   2 KI  →    2 KCl   +  I2
 



Answers

Answer:

the reactants are na and cl2 the products is the combination nacl --the law of conservation of matter keeps reactions balanced. No you would not be adding more atoms that is what the first combo is.  The coefficient 2 stands for 2 atoms of KL

Explanation:

where within the saturated zone do you suppose the concentration of carbonic acid is greater- shallow or deep?

Answers

The concentration of hydrogen ions increases as a result of a series of chemical reactions that take place when CO2 is absorbed by saltwater.

The seawater's acidity rises as a result, and carbonate ions become relatively less common. Seawater absorbs carbon dioxide, which is present naturally in the atmosphere. Carbonic acid (H2CO3) is created when water and carbon dioxide mix. This weak acid dissociates into hydrogen ions (H+) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-). Carbonate from the sea is used by marine life to create their shells and skeletons. Carbonate is less readily available for animals to build their shells and skeletons as seawater becomes more acidic. Shells and skeletons may dissolve in highly acidic environments.

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El carbono de calcio se descompone por la acción del calor en óxido de calcio y dióxido de carbono. a). Escribe la ecuación química ajustada. b). Calcula qué cantidad de dióxido de carbona se forma si reaccionan 150g de carbonato de calcio.

Answers

Respuesta:

1.50 moles

Explicación:

Paso 1: Escribir la ecuación química ajustada para la descomposición del carbonato de calcio

CaCO₃ ⇒ CaO + CO₂

Paso 2: Calcular los moles correspondientes a 150 g de CaCO₃

La masa molar de CaCO₃ es 100.09 g/mol.

150 g × 1 mol/100.09 g = 1.50 mol

Paso 3: Calcular los moles de CO₂ producidos a partir de 1.50 moles de CaCO₃

La relación molar de CaCO₃ a CO₂ es 1:1.

1.50 mol CaCO₃ × 1 mol CO₂/1 mol CaCO₃ = 1.50 mol CO₂

Determine physiological temperature, 98.6 F in degree C

Answers

Answer:

37

Explanation:

( 98.6 - 32 ) × 5(100c) ÷ 9(180f) = 37

Sabendo que os calores de combustão do enxofre monoclínico e do enxofre rômbico são, respectivamente, - 297,2 kJ/mol e - 296,8 kJ/mol, calcule a variação de entalpia na transformação de 1 mol de enxofre rômbico em enxofre monoclínico. S (mon.) + O2(g)  SO2(g) ∆H1 = –297,2 kJ/mol S (rômb.) + O2(g)  SO2(g) ∆H2 = –296,8 kJ/mol

Answers

Responda:

+ 0,9kJ / mol

Explicação:

Dados os calores de combustão do enxofre monoclínico e enxofre rômbico como - 297,2 kJ / mol e - 296,8 kJ / mol, respectivamente para a variação na transformação de 1 mol de enxofre rômbico em enxofre monoclínico conforme mostrado pela equação;

S (mon.) + O2 (g) -> SO2 (g)

Uma vez que são todos 1 mol cada, a mudança na entalpia será expressa como ∆H = ∆H2-∆H1

Dado ∆H2 = -296,8kJ / mol

∆H1 = -297,2kJ / mol

∆H = -296,8 - (- 297,2)

∆H = -296,8 + 297,2

∆H = 297,2-296,8

∆H = + 0,9kJ / mol

Portanto, a mudança na entalpia da equação é + 0,9kJ / mol

Use your answers in Part A and Part B to compare the differences in temperatures between the two sites.

Use your answers in Part A and Part B to compare the differences in temperatures between the two sites.

Answers

Answer:

uhhh

Explanation:

uhhh

how many electrons can vanadium lend or borrow

Answers

According to the electronic configuration, vanadium can lend three electrons.

What is electronic configuration?

Electronic configuration is defined as the distribution of electrons which are present in an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.It describes how each electron moves independently in an orbital.

Knowledge of electronic configuration is necessary for understanding the structure of periodic table.It helps in understanding the chemical properties of elements.

Elements undergo chemical reactions in order to achieve stability. Main group elements obey the octet rule in their electronic configuration while the transition elements follow the 18 electron rule. Noble elements have valence shell complete in ground state and hence are said to be stable.

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Which chemical condition describes the electrons in a water molecule being shared unequally between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms? ionic noncovalent polar hydrophobic

Answers

The chemical condition that describes the electrons in a water molecule being shared unequally between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms is called polar covalent bonding.

In polar covalent bonds, the electrons are unequally shared due to the electronegativity difference between the atoms involved. In the case of a water molecule, oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, causing the oxygen atom to attract the shared electrons more strongly.

As a result, the oxygen atom becomes slightly negatively charged while the hydrogen atoms become slightly positively charged. This polarity gives water its unique properties, such as its ability to form hydrogen bonds and its high surface tension.

In summary, that this describes the unequal sharing of electrons in a water molecule due to the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

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Which of the species below is less basic than acetylide?
a) CH3Li
b) CH3ONa
c) CH3MgBr
d) both a and c
e) all of above

Answers

Species CH3ONa and CH3MgBr are less basic than acetylide. The correct option is (d) both a and c.

Acetylide anion is a strong base due to the presence of a highly electronegative sp carbon adjacent to a very electropositive lithium or sodium. The lone pair of electrons on the carbon atom is highly delocalized and can easily abstract a proton from a suitable acid.

On the other hand, both CH3Li and CH3MgBr are weak bases. Although they have negative charges, the carbon atoms are not highly electronegative and they do not stabilize negative charge as effectively as the sp carbon in acetylide anion. Hence, they are less basic than acetylide anion.

CH3ONa is a stronger base than acetylide anion because the oxygen atom in CH3ONa is more electronegative than carbon, and can stabilize negative charge more effectively. The negative charge is localized on the oxygen atom and is not delocalized over a larger region, making it a weaker base than acetylide.

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Question 5 of 10
Which of the following reactions is balanced?
OA. CaCl₂ + 2H₂CO3 → CaCO3 + HCI
B. 2CaCl2 + H₂CO3 → CaCO3 + HCI
C. CaCl2 + H₂CO3 → 2CaCO3 + HCI
O D. CaCl₂ + H₂CO3 → CaCO3 + 2HCI

Answers

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

I balanced each out and D is the one balanced

each body atom is fully inside the boundaries of the cube. what fraction of each corner atom is inside the boundaries of the cube?

Answers

The fraction of each corner atom inside the boundaries of the cube is \($\frac{a^3 - \pi r^3}{\pi r^3}$\). This fraction will be greater as the size of the cube increases compared to the size of the atoms.

Assuming that we have a cube where each body atom is fully inside the boundaries, it means that the cube's edges are at least twice the size of the atoms' radii. In such a scenario, the corner atoms will have only a fraction of their volumes inside the boundaries of the cube.

To find out the fraction of each corner atom inside the boundaries of the cube, we can first calculate the volume of the cube, and then subtract the volume outside the cube, which will give us the volume inside the boundaries.

Let's assume that the length of the cube's edge is 'a'. The volume of the cube will be given by a^3. The corner atoms are located at the eight corners of the cube. Since the atoms are spherical, the volume of each atom will be \($ \frac{4}{3} \pi r^3 $\), where 'r' is the radius of the atom.

Now, the distance from the center of the corner atom to any of the cube's faces is 'a/2 + r'. Thus, the distance from the center of the corner atom to the opposite corner of the cube is √3(a/2 + r).

Therefore, the fraction of each corner atom inside the boundaries of the cube will be \($\frac{a^3 - 8 \cdot \frac{1}{8} \cdot \frac{4}{3} \pi r^3}{\frac{4}{3} \pi r^3}$\). This simplifies to \($\frac{a^3 - \pi r^3}{\pi r^3}$\).

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2. When dividing the measurements 400 g/32.2 cm3, the answer has__
significant figures.

Answers

Answer:

When dividing the measurements 400 g/32.2 cm³, the answer has  3

significant figures.

Explanation:

400 g/32.2 cm³ = 12.422 g/cm³.

Our answer cannot have more significant figures than the number with the least significant figures. Since both the numerator and denominator have 3 significant figures, our answer will also have 3 significant figures.

So  400 g/32.2 cm³ = 12.4 g/cm³ to 3 significant figures

So, when dividing the measurements 400 g/32.2 cm³, the answer has  3

significant figures.

How does milk of magnesia magnesium hydroxide cure an upset stomach?.

Answers

magnesium hydroxide is an osmotic laxative, that is that it works by pumping water into the intestines, which helps in producing bowel movement.

This medicine is used to relieve sporadic constipation. It is an antacid that reduces the stomach's acid production. Magnesium hydroxide lowers stomach acid and raises gut water levels, which may encourage bowel motions. Magnesium hydroxide is a laxative used to treat sporadic constipation. Magnesium hydroxide is also employed as an antacid to treat heartburn, indigestion, and sour stomach.

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Can someone answer the bottom question (22-25)

Can someone answer the bottom question (22-25)

Answers

22) Oxygen with a -2 charge
23) Neon with a +2 charge
24) Fluorine with a -1 charge
25) Lithium with a +1 charge

What do we have to have to be able to determine the number of neutrons?

A. average atomic mass

B. mass number

Answers

Answer:

Answer is A :)

Explanation:

Answer:

B. Mass number

Explanation:

In order to gain the number of neutrons you need to subtract the Protons from the atomic mass (also known as the mass number or nucleon number.

For example :

Carbon - protons= 6

Nucleons=12

Therefore carbons neutrons = 6

how does this dovetail with savage’s hope that people will think of science as an open field versus a black box?

Answers

Instead of being viewed as a mystery, closed-off topic that only professionals can understand, Savage believes that science should be transparent and open to all.

Science is an organised, empirical method of learning about and comprehending the natural world. Through experiments and observations, theories are observed, tested, and validated. Science spans a wide range of disciplines, including physics, chemistry, biology, and psychology, and it has contributed significantly to many of the technological and medical advances we see today. Science is a continual process that enhances our quality of life and helps us learn more about the planet. The ongoing review and advancement of scientific hypotheses are made possible by their foundation in the concepts of scepticism and critical thinking. Additionally, science is essential in solving issues like resource depletion, disease outbreaks.

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5 An excess of copper(II) oxide is mixed with 40.0 cm³ of 2.50 mol dm-³ hydrochloric acid.
CuO(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CuCl₂(aq) + H₂O(1)
(a) If the mass of copper(II) chloride produced is 5.50 g, what is the percentage yield
of copper(II) chloride?
[Molar mass of copper(II) chloride = 134.4 g mol-¹]
A 81.8%
B 67.2%
☐C 40.9%
☐D 20.4%
(

Answers

The correct option is A .The percentage yield of copper chloride will be 81.8%.

No of moles = volume  x concentration

(40.0 x 2.50)/1000

= 0.1 moles HCl

Given that  as the ratio of CuO to HCl is 1:2, respectively

So the no. of moles of CuO = 0.1/2

= 0.05 moles

However, number of moles actually produced = 5.50/134.4

= 0.04092

Now calculate the percentage yield,

The formula percent yield = actual yield/theoretical yield x 100 is used to calculate yield percentage.

=(0.04092 /0.05) x 100

= 81.8%

The percentage yield can be calculated by the ratio of number of moles actually produced to the number of moles calculated.

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4.why does the volume of water added to dissolve the potassium hydrogen phthalate, khp, not matter?

Answers

The volume of water added to dissolve potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) does not matter because the mass of KHP used is known and it will dissolve completely in any volume of water.

In volumetric analysis, the primary objective is to find the exact concentration of an analyte in a given solution. Analyte refers to the substance whose concentration is to be determined.In order to measure the analyte concentration, the known volume of the titrant of known concentration is added to the analyte until the endpoint is reached.Endpoint refers to the point in a titration where the reaction between the analyte and titrant is complete. The endpoint can be detected by observing a physical change in the system.In the case of KHP, it dissolves completely in any volume of water.

Therefore, the mass of KHP used can be accurately measured and dissolved in any volume of water. As a result, the volume of water added to dissolve the KHP does not affect the accuracy of the experiment.In summary, the volume of water added to dissolve KHP does not matter because the mass of KHP used is known and it will dissolve completely in any volume of water.

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Round 23.455 cm into 4 significant figures:
cm

Answers

23.450
i did this in chem so this should be right

The table provided shows the properties of four elements.

Based on this data, it is reasonable to conclude that which element is a metalloid?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

The table provided shows the properties of four elements. Based on this data, it is reasonable to conclude

Answers

By my guess, It would either be A) 1 because by research and what i’ve learned, Metal is a good conductor for Electricity and Heat. It’s also shiny and bendable, so that would be my best guess.
Hope this helped. :)

Ammonia gas and water (H20) reaction to form household ammonia, which contains NH4 and OH ions. What is the formula for ammonia gas? Name the elements in the compound. In what ratio are they presented

Answers

Answer:

NH3

Explanation:

The formula for ammonia gas is NH3. Its appearance is a colorless gas.

Ammonia gas is formed by the balanced chemical reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen elements. The balanced chemical equation for the formation of ammonia gas is as follows:

                       N2+3H => 2NH3

So, Nitrogen and Hydrogen are present in the ration of 2:6 or 1:3.

Answer:

lol

Explanation: lol

explain why the experimental density of water may not be the same as the theoretical density of water

Answers

The experimental density of water may differ from the theoretical density due to factors such as impurities, dissolved gases, and temperature variations, which can affect the actual measurements and introduce discrepancies between the observed and expected values.


1. Temperature: The density of water is affected by temperature. As temperature changes, the density of water can also change. The theoretical density of water is usually calculated at a specific temperature, often 4 degrees Celsius. However, in experimental conditions, the temperature may vary, leading to differences in density measurements.

2. Impurities: Pure water has a specific density, but in experimental settings, water can contain impurities. These impurities, such as dissolved gases or minerals, can affect the density of water. The presence of impurities can alter the experimental density, leading to variations from the theoretical density.

3. Experimental errors: During experiments, errors can occur in the measurement process. Small mistakes in measuring equipment, human error, or other factors can lead to inaccuracies in density measurements. These errors can contribute to differences between the experimental and theoretical density of water.

Overall, the experimental density of water may not match the theoretical density due to temperature variations, impurities in the water, and experimental errors. It's important to consider these factors when comparing experimental and theoretical data.

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please help me i really am struggling

please help me i really am struggling

Answers

Answer:

It is visible light

Explanation:

it’s the visible light

Does chlorine and hydrogen have the same valency as ions

Answers

Answer:

Answer:

all but the value of work

Explanation:

there is mercy in rules and laws that is way we have a legal system

there is mercy between humans and animals that's why we have shelters, preserves and get clinics

there is mercy in the civilized and primitive like teaching people to read of gorillas sign language.

but no mercy in work value as they say world of business is a cut throat place.

Answer:

They have the same valency because chlorine gains one electron to be stable and hydrogen gains one electron to be stable

What class of chemicals is incompatible with air?
Acids
Bases
Pyrophorics
Reducing agents

Answers

Pyrophoric substances ignite spontaneously in air at or below 55 °C (130 °F) due to an exothermic reaction with oxygen. Examples of pyrophoric substances include alkali metals, such as sodium and potassium, and certain metal hydrides and alkyls.

Answer:

Pyrophoric substances ignite spontaneously in air at or below 55 °C (130 °F) due to an exothermic reaction with oxygen. Examples of pyrophoric substances include alkali metals, such as sodium and potassium, and certain metal hydrides and alkyls.

Explanation:

Why do you think the placebo effect works

Answers

Answer:

The placebo effect is when an improvement of symptoms is observed, despite using a nonactive treatment. It’s believed to occur due to psychological factors like expectations or classical conditioning.

Research has found that the placebo effect can ease things like pain, fatigue, or depression.

hope this will help u :)

Calculate the mass, in grams, of 502 atoms of iron ,Fe (1 mol of Fe has a mass of 55.85g).

Answers

Answer:

mass of iron in grams  = 1.493×\(10^{-23}\) g

Explanation:

Since one mole of anything is equal to 6.022×\(10^{23}\) of that thing, we can apply that to atoms as well. 1 mol of iron = 55.85g. i.e. the molar mass of iron = 55.85g/mol.

To find the number of moles present, we can divide the number of atoms by the number of atoms in 1 mole, i.e Avogadro's Constant (6.022×\(10^{23}\)).

\(\frac{N}{N_{A}} = n\)

∴ n(Fe) = 502/6.022×\(10^{23}\) = 8.3361×\(10^{-22}\) mol of iron

Finally, to find the mass of iron present, we can divide the number of moles by the molar mass.

\(\frac{n}{M}} = m\)

∴ m(Fe) = 8.3361×\(10^{-22}\)/55.85 = 1.493×\(10^{-23}\) g. (4 sig. fig.)

When two or more simple machines are combined they form a(n) ____.
A. Compound machine
B. Complex machine
C.intricate machine
D.inefficient machine

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

A compound machine is a combination of two or more simple machines.

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