Which hypothesis is supported by the characteristics of Lucy and other Australopithecus afarensis?a. Bipedalism did not arise until the origin of Homo sapiens.b. All hominins are in the genus Homo.c. Hominin evolution began with enlargement of the brain, leading eventually to bipedal walking because the hands were needed for other tasks.d. Bipedalism arose very early in hominin evolution, prior to enlargement of the brain.

Answers

Answer 1

Before the brain began to increase, bipedalism developed relatively early in the evolution of hominins. The name given to a fossilized hominid from 6 million years ago is Orrorin tugenensis.

Lucy's skeleton was so complete that it provided us with a previously unheard-of portrait of her species. Following fossil discoveries of considerably earlier bipedal hominids, Lucy demonstrated in 1974 that our ancestors were up and moving around long before the earliest stone tools were manufactured or brains became bigger. afarensis is a member of the genus Australopithecus, which includes diminutive early hominin species (human cousins) capable of upright walking but not well suited to long-distance land travel.

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Related Questions

What was the main reason people moved to cities during the Gilded Age? to find work in factories to attend universities to become financiers to enjoy cultural events.

Answers

Answer:

To get jobs in factories and corporate headquarters.Explanation:

Answer:

a or to find work in factories

Explanation:

1. Explain the relationship between monomes and polymer

Answers

Answer:

Monomers are small molecules, mostly organic, that can join with other similar molecules to form very large molecules, or polymers. ... Polymers are a class of synthetic substances composed of multiples of simpler units called monomers. Polymers are chains with an unspecified number of monomeric units.

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Newborn babies and hibernating animals contain a large amount of brown adipose (fat) tissue (BAT). Certain proteins in the BAT cells increase the permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane to protons, disrupting the proton gradient. Which of the following best predicts the effect of disrupting the proton gradient in BAT?
А. The pH of the matrix will increase, allowing the production of more ATP per gram of substrate.
B. The pH of the intermembrane space will decrease, allowing a steeper proton gradient to form.
С. Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation will be decoupled, generating more heat but less ATP.
D The number of protons available to pass through ATP synthase will increase, resulting in more ATP.

Answers

The statement 'the pH of the matrix will increase, allowing the production of more ATP per gram of substrate' best predicts the effect of disrupting the proton gradient in BAT. It is a step of cellular respiration.

Cellular respiration and proton gradient

Cellular respiration refers to the chemical reactions where aerobic cells can produce ATP by using the energy from foods and oxygen.

Cellular respiration has three stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

During oxidative phosphorylation, the movement of electrons is coupled to a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane to generate ATP.

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Which artery supplies blood to the external genitalia?.

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Answer:

Internal pudendal arteries are in charge of supplying blood to the external genitalia.

Consider the cell structure that is shown below.

A cell structure is shown. This structure consists of phospholipid bilayer, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Which is a function of the structure that is represented in the image?

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is A

Explanation:

I did it on edu and it was correct!

You're welcome!

Answer:

A, correct on edge ! have a good day!

trains between secretion and excretion​

Answers

Answer:

excretion is the removal of something out of the body, while secretion is the movement of something from one area to another.

This echidna, this capuchin and this bottlenose dolphin similarities and differences in their body structures. what does the information about these structures tell you about the ancestors of these species?​

Answers

Echidnas, capuchin monkeys, and bottlenose dolphins are all very different animals with distinct body structures. While they share some similarities, such as being vertebrates with four limbs, there are also many differences between them.

One major difference is that echidnas are monotremes, which means they lay eggs, while capuchin monkeys and bottlenose dolphins are placental mammals, which means they give birth to live young. Echidnas have a beak-like snout that they use for digging, while capuchin monkeys have prehensile tails and opposable thumbs that they use to manipulate objects. Bottlenose dolphins have streamlined bodies and a dorsal fin that they use for propulsion and stability while swimming.

Overall, the similarities and differences in the body structures of echidnas, capuchin monkeys, and bottlenose dolphins provide insight into their evolutionary history and adaptations to their respective environments. While these species may appear very different on the surface, they are all part of the larger tree of life and share a common ancestry.

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external features of a weaver bird​

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Answer:

Weavers are seed eaters with conical bills, although some species have more slender bills for eating insects. Plumages are often yellow, red and black although females are often dull brown colours. The Sociable Weaver builds the largest communal bird nest.

Are axolotl prokaryotic

Answers

Answer:

The axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum, also known as the Mexican walking fish, is a neotenic salamander related to the tiger salamander. Although colloquially known as a "walking fish", the axolotl is not a fish but an amphibian. The species was originally found in several lakes, such as Lake Xochimilco underlying Mexico City. Axolotls are unusual among amphibians in that they reach adulthood without undergoing metamorphosis. Instead of developing lungs and taking to the land, adults remain aquatic and gilled.

Explanation:

Answer:

prokaryotic

Explanation:

I just took the test!

what function is performed by the large intestine? a)water absorption b)bile secretion c)gastric juice production d)nutrient absorption

Answers

The large intestine performs the function of water absorption. The large intestine is the final part of the gastrointestinal tract. This is where the waste products of digestion are converted from liquid to solid form. It is responsible for water absorption and electrolyte balance. It is about 1.5 m long and divided into four parts: cecum, colon, rectum, and anus.

The large intestine reabsorbs water and electrolytes from undigested food. The feces become more solid as they move through the colon. The waste is then stored in the rectum and eliminated through the anus. The large intestine plays a crucial role in the absorption of water, ions, and vitamins that are generated by bacteria in the gut.Answer:In 120 wordsThe large intestine is the final part of the gastrointestinal tract, where the waste products of digestion are converted from liquid to solid form. It is about 1.5 m long and divided into four parts: cecum, colon, rectum, and anus. The large intestine reabsorbs water and electrolytes from undigested food.

It plays a crucial role in the absorption of water, ions, and vitamins that are generated by bacteria in the gut. The feces become more solid as they move through the colon. The waste is then stored in the rectum and eliminated through the anus. Therefore, the function performed by the large intestine is the absorption of water.

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raising government spending and cutting taxes can prevent?​

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Explanation:

A reduction in taxes will leave more disposable income and cause consumption and savings to increase,

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Elevated levels of stress hormones most clearly contribute to developing:________

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Elevated levels of stress hormones most clearly contribute to developing A study assessing the effect of anxiety (low vs. high) and stress (low vs. moderate vs. high) on test.

Everyone experiences anxiety occasionally, but persistent anxiety can reduce your quality of life. Though likely best known for altering behavior, worry can have negative effects on our physical health. Anxiety speeds up our heartbeat and breathing, concentrating blood flow to the parts of our brains that need it. You are getting ready for a challenging situation by having this extremely bodily reaction. Test performance may be impacted by anxiety. According to studies, pupils with low levels of test anxiety perform better on multiple-hormones question (MCQ) exams than pupils with high levels of anxiety. Studies have indicated that female students have greater levels of test anxiety than male students.

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Why are enzymes needed by the plants?

Answers

Answer:

To stabilize the soil by degrading wastes and mediate nutrient recycling.


Explanation:

Enzymes helps to catalyze biochemical reactions for rhizobacteria and plants.

Who is Charles Darwin?
Your own word

Answers

Answer:

An English naturalist who became the foundation of modern evolutionary studies because of his scientific theory of  evolution.

Explanation:

Answer:

Charles Darwin was a biologist and geologist, he is best known for his ideas connected to evolution. He brought knowledge to the common community about life on Earth, how it originated, and how human life came to be. His theory of evolution by natural selection was the origins of scientists today to learn and understand evolution.

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write about Vignette about life during the Civil War

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Answer:

I breathed heavily and hugged Dad one last time. I was going to miss him. Dad was serving in the Union, and he was leaving us behind. Mom was crying and hugging him all she could. We eventually let him go, and he went off to war.

My brother yelled in anger at me. "NO!" He said. I wanted to cry as much as I did when Dad left. "The Confederacy is better than the Union!" He yelled. He was 22, so he could serve in the army. And sadly, he did.

If energy is released, free energy must be what?

Answers

Answer:

If energy is released during a chemical reaction, then the change in free energy from the conversion of the reactants to the products, signified as ΔG (delta G) will be a negative number.

Explanation:

Hope it helped!

Answer:

If energy is released during a chemical reaction, then the resulting value from the above equation will be a negative number. In other words, reactions that release energy have a ∆G < 0. A negative ∆G also means that the products of the reaction have less free energy than the reactants because they gave off some free energy during the reaction.

Explanation:

A nerve is a bundle of axons, and some nerves are less sensitive to lidocaine. If a nerve, rather than an axon, had been used in the lidocaine experiment, the responses recorded at R1 and R2 would be the sum of all the action potentials (called a compound action potential). Would the response at R2 after lidocaine application necessarily be zero? Why or why not?

Answers

Answer:

the response at R2 after lidocaine application will not be zero

Explanation:

The response at R2 after lidocaine would not be zero because it is recording the of all action potentials and some axons may be unaffected.

I need some help with this question:
Similar to enzymes, the viral antigens that bind to the surface of the host cell work using a very specific "lock-and-key" mechanism. This is why each virus can only infect one type of cell. If you were a scientist developing an antiviral drug that would block binding of the virus to the host cell how would you do that? Include the terms antigen and active site. Underline these terms in your answer.

Answers

A scientist developing an antiviral drug that would block the binding of the virus to the host cell should study the molecular structure of envelope viral proteins such as the spike protein in the case of corona in order to develop an antibody that binds to an antigen in the active site of this enzymatic protein.

What is the active site of an enzymatic protein?

The active site of an enzymatic protein is the molecular domain which uses this enzyme to bind to a certain substrate such as in the case of an envelope viral protein to the plasma membrane of the host cell.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that the active site of an enzymatic protein has antigen domains that may bind to an antibody in order to fight against viral infections.

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For humans, having freckles is a dominant trait (see image). Not having freckles is recessive.Cross a heterozygous person with freckles with a homozygous recessive person with no freckles.What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring?

For humans, having freckles is a dominant trait (see image). Not having freckles is recessive.Cross a

Answers

Let us represent the heterozygous with freckles by Ff and the homozygous with no freckles by ff. Thus, we construct the following Punnet square:

From this punnet square we see that:

50% of the offspring will be heterozygous with freckles (Ff).

50% of the offspring will be homozygous with no freckles (ff).

For humans, having freckles is a dominant trait (see image). Not having freckles is recessive.Cross a

In a food web, the numbers of each organism typically exist in a relatively stable proportion. If an oil spill killed a large amount of zooplankton, what would be the next thing that would happen?

Answers

If an oil spill killed large amount of zooplankton in a food web, it would have significant impact on the entire food chain.

What is food web?

Food web consists of all the food chains in single ecosystem.

If an oil spill killed large amount of zooplankton in a food web, it would have significant impact on the entire food chain. Zooplankton are critical component of the marine food web, as they are a primary food source for many larger organisms like fish, whales, and seabirds.

With the loss of zooplankton, population of their predators would likely decrease as well, as they would have less food available. This could lead to ripple effect throughout the food web, potentially causing  decline in the populations of many other organisms that depend on affected predators for food.

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An oil spill would have a major effect on the complete food chain if it destroyed a substantial number of zooplankton in a food web.

What is food web?

All food chains in a particular environment are included in the food web. An oil spill would have a major effect on the complete food chain if it destroyed a substantial number of zooplankton in a food web. Because they serve as the main food supply for many bigger animals like fish, whales, and seabirds, zooplankton are an essential part of the marine food chain.

The number of zooplankton's predators would probably decline as well with their disappearance because there would be less sustenance for them. This might have repercussions across the entire food chain, which might result in population declines in numerous other organisms who rely on the impacted predators for sustenance.

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Someone name them for me

Someone name them for me

Answers

Answer: 1 is a red blood cell and 4 is a white blood cell

Explanation: the red blood cell carries oxygen to mostly the lungs and other parts of the body and the white blood cells fight off disease in your body

the wet bulb temperature is 10 C the Dry bulb temperature is 14 C what is the relative humidity?

Answers

The relative humidity is approximately 22.9% based on the given wet bulb temperature of 10°C and dry bulb temperature of 14°C.

Relative humidity

Wet bulb temperature: 10°C = 50°F

Dry bulb temperature: 14°C = 57.2°F

SVP at wet bulb temperature: 0.284 * \(e^(17.27 * 10 / (10 + 237.3))\)= 0.284 * \(e^(-7.09)\) = 0.284 * 0.000828 = 0.0002356 psi

SVP at dry bulb temperature: 0.284 *\(e^(17.27 * 14 / (14 + 237.3))\) = 0.284 * e^(-5.97) = 0.284 * 0.002562 = 0.0007296 psi

AVP = 0.0002356 - (0.00066 * (57.2 - 50) * 14.7) = 0.0002356 - (0.00066 * 7.2 * 14.7) = 0.0002356 - 0.0686 = 0.000167 psi

RH = (AVP / SVP at dry bulb temperature) * 100

RH = (0.000167 / 0.0007296) * 100 = 0.229 * 100 = 22.9%

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Develop and explain models of the rock cycle PLEASE HELP

Answers

This model explains how igneous rocks are created by magma rising to the surface, where it solidifies. Sedimentary rocks are created by erosive agents and compaction forces. And metamorphic rocks are created by changes in temperature and pressure.

What is the rock cycle?

The rock cycle is the geological process through which rocks transform and change from one type to another.

The cycle begins when magma rises by convection currents to the Earth's surface where it gets cold, solidifies, and turns into igneous rocks.

Igneous rocks can,

Suffer erosion and turn into sediments, which will accumulate, compact and create sedimentary rocks.

Suffer changes of temperature and pressure, originating metamorphic rocks.

Be exposed to extreme temperatures under the crust, melt and become magma again.

Sedimentary rocks are composed of rocky sediments from other rocks and the remains of living beings that get stuck within the sedimentary layers.

Sedimentary rocks can,

Suffer erosion and create new sediments to build new sedimentary rocks.

Be exposed to heat and pressure, originating metamorphic rocks.

Melt and become magma.

Finally, metamorphic rocks are produced underground when other rocks suffer changes.

Metamorphic rocks have two destinies,

Turning into sedimentary rocks.

Becoming magma.

This model explains how these three types of rocks are created and how each of them constantly turns into the other type.

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Develop and explain models of the rock cycle PLEASE HELP

10. What adaptations allow polar bears to walk on ice without slipping?
O Only Pilli
O Only long claws
Pilli and long claws
Papillae and long claws

Answers

the answer is papillae and long claws

Elabora un esquema de un organismo desde el nivel biológico más pequeño: la célula. Por ejemplo, ¿cómo está organizado un perro?, ¿una araña? Puedes elegir el organismo que tú quieras

Answers

As a model organism to illustrate organization starting from the cell, I will take a spider. The cell is the basic unit of life, and in multicellular organisms like spiders, cells organize into tissues, which in turn form organs and systems.

In the case of a spider, its body is formed by an exoskeleton that protects and supports internal organs. The spider's nervous system is organized into a central brain and peripheral nerves that control its legs, jaws, and other organs. The respiratory system is composed of small tubes called tracheae that transport oxygen directly to the cells.

The circulatory system is open, with a heart and hemolymph (similar to blood) that transports nutrients and waste throughout the body. The spider also has sensory organs like compound eyes and vibration-sensitive hairs, as well as a complex reproductive system.

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The complete question is:

Create a scheme of an organism starting from the smallest biological level: the cell. For example, how is a dog or a spider organized? You can choose the organism you want.

What would be the percentage of the non-singing trait in female birds in Generations 4 and 5 if this pattern continues?

What would be the percentage of the non-singing trait in female birds in Generations 4 and 5 if this

Answers

Here the relationship is given by

\(\\ \sf\longmapsto x\propto \dfrac{1}{y}\)

y=non singing traitsx=singing traits

As per x decreases y increases

Let's see pairwise

(50,50)(40,60)(30,70)

Next two generations are

(20,80)(10,90)

y=non singing traits, x=singing traits and As per x decreases y increases Let's see pairwise (50,50), (40,60) and (30,70) (20,80) (10,90).

What are non singing traits?

The act of producing musical sounds using the voice is known as singing. A singer, artist, or vocalist is a person who sings (in jazz and/or popular music).

Music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.) that can be sung with or without instrumental accompaniment is performed by singers. In a group of musicians, like a choir, singing is common.

Singers can perform solo or with an ensemble, ranging from a big band or symphony orchestra to a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz forms). Numerous singing genres exist, including classical music (such as opera and Chinese opera), global music.

Therefore, y=non singing traits, x=singing traits and As per x decreases y increases Let's see pairwise (50,50), (40,60) and (30,70) (20,80) (10,90).

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1. Cross a heterozygous tall (Tall is dominant) pea plant with one that is also heterozygous for tallness.
If 100 plants are produced, about how many will be tall? How many will be short?
50% tall, 50% short wa
2. Dihybrid Crosses
Do the following for the examples below:
1) Write parental genotypes
ii) Identify possible gametes for each parent
iii) Make a punnet square
iv) Solve for F1 genotype and phenotypic ratios

Answers

Answer:

Here is a punnet square with analyzations from the 1st problem

1. Cross a heterozygous tall (Tall is dominant) pea plant with one that is also heterozygous for tallness.If

During exocytosis, vesicles containing neurotransmitter molecules fuse with the cell membrane at the terminals and release the transmitter into the synaptic cleft. What happens to the neurotransmitter molecules after this release

Answers

During exocytosis, vesicles containing neurotransmitter molecules fuse with the cell membrane at the terminals and release the transmitter into the synaptic cleft. After the neurotransmitter molecules are released into the synaptic cleft, they bind to specific receptors on the post-synaptic neuron or target cell.

The binding of the neurotransmitter to the receptor causes a change in the postsynaptic neuron, which can either excite or inhibit the neuron from firing an action potential. This depends on the type of neurotransmitter that is released and the type of receptor it binds to.Once the neurotransmitter has served its purpose, it is either broken down by enzymes in the synaptic cleft or reabsorbed by the pre-synaptic neuron through a process called reuptake.

Reuptake is the process by which neurotransmitters are taken back up into the pre-synaptic neuron and reused in future signaling events. This recycling of neurotransmitters is an important process that allows for the efficient transmission of signals across neurons.

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Which organelle is outside the cell membrane?


a. the plasma wall
b. the outer membrane
c. he cell wall
d. the plasma membrane

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

I think I remember fro.5th grade

which organism would have had to evolve a homeostatic mechanism to cope with the greatest amount of solutes?

Answers

The organism that would have had to evolve the most advanced homeostatic mechanism to cope with the greatest amount of solutes would likely be a marine invertebrate.

In order to answer this question, we need to understand what homeostasis is and how it relates to solutes. Homeostasis refers to the ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment. One important aspect of homeostasis is maintaining a balance of solutes within the body. Solutes are particles, such as ions or molecules, that are dissolved in a fluid, such as blood or cytoplasm.

The organism that would have had to evolve the most advanced homeostatic mechanism to cope with the greatest amount of solutes would likely be a marine invertebrate, such as a jellyfish or sea cucumber. This is because these organisms live in a highly saline environment, with a much higher concentration of solutes than most terrestrial or freshwater organisms. To maintain a balance of solutes within their bodies, marine invertebrates have evolved specialized structures, such as contractile vacuoles and ion transporters, that allow them to regulate the movement of solutes across their cell membranes.

In contrast, terrestrial organisms, such as mammals and birds, have evolved mechanisms to conserve water and excrete excess solutes, since they typically live in environments with lower concentrations of solutes. Freshwater organisms, such as fish and amphibians, face the opposite challenge of taking in too much water and losing solutes, and have evolved mechanisms to actively transport solutes into their bodies and excrete excess water.

Overall, the organism that has had to evolve the most advanced homeostatic mechanism to cope with the greatest amount of solutes is likely to be a marine invertebrate, due to the extreme salinity of their environment.

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Which organ is designed to hold and nourish the fetus until the end of a pregnancy?A. fallopian tubesB. ovariesC. uterus Calculate the minimum coefficient of friction needed for a car negotiates an unbanked 46 m radius curve at 28 m/s. Vance wants to determine if an old photo frame is still rectangular. The height of the frame is8 inches, the base is 6 inches and the diagonal is 10 inches long. Is the old photo frame stillrectangular? How do you know? How far do you agree with Interpretation 2 about the challenges facing theWeimar Republic in the years 1919-237Explain your answer, using both interpretations and your knowledge of the historical context.(16)Interpretation 1: From The Weimar Republic, 1918-24 by M. Rathbone, published in 2013.Some democratic parties did support the Weimar Republic. However, powerful political groups on both the Left and the Right refused to accept the existence ofthe Weimar Republic. They were prepared to destroy it by force and replace it with their own form of government. They took action against the Republic very soon after it was created. This made it difficult for the new government to maintain order and govern Germany.Interpretation 2: From Alpha History, a history website.The hyperinflation which happened in 1923 forced the Weimar government to fear for its own existence. After the French had occupied the Ruhr, the industrial workers had gone on strike.The Weimar government supported the strikers by printing more paper money inorder to pay them. As the strike continued, the government could not find a solution and simply printed even more money. This ruined the economy. People talked openlyabout removing the government by a popular revolution or a military putsch.Please help me out im having difficulty with this! Felipe is watching a program about animals on TV. Felipe likes...Felipe is watching a program about animals on TV. Felipe likes animals and nature, but he does not want to live near these animals! Identify each animal described below by writing in the blank space below.1. Es un insecto muy bonito. Tiene alas (wings) de muchos colores. enter answer2. Este animal es un gato muy grande. Es amarillo con manchas (spots) negras y corre muy rpidamente. enter answer3. Este animal sube a los rboles y come bananas. enter answer4. Este animal camina muy lentamente y come mucha lechuga. enter answer5. Este reptil puede ser muy peligroso porque muchos tienen un veneno que puede matar a los humanos. enter answer If the tension in cable CD is T = 485 lb, determine the magnitude of the projection of Tonto line CO. Assume a = 14 ft, b = 14 ft, c = 6 ft, d = 9 ft, e = 12 ft, f = 13 ft. Answer: Tco = ____ lb 1 2/3-3/4=plz answer BRAINLIEST Describe all the x-values at a distance of 20 or less from the number 12. Enter your answer in interval notation. 11. Approximately how many countries are involved in land disputes?124105100142 Can anyone help me? I will try to give brainliest. 3 4 5 2 22 5 points Consider the reaction: A + 2B --> C S (A)= 100.46 J/molk S (B) 249.64 J/molk S (C) 193.71 J/molk = Determine the entropy change of the reaction at 298 K in J. Do not report u what are run on sentences used for which principle usually associated with vocal music did vivaldi apply to instrumental music? a. polyphony b. monophony c. improvisation d. word-painting |x|-5 what does the vertical bar means? simplify each expression 9(7k-2)+6k the expression of phenotype creates genotypictraitstru or false which is greater1) 14/28 or 17/28 2)26/35 or 26/383)18/18 or 12/12 53 The beneficiary of a life insurance policy is ________________________.Points: 1the owner of the policy.the one who pays for the funeral arrangements.the one who pays the premiums.the one who receives the life insurance benefit.the life insured. How many moles of carbon are there in a pure diamond with mass 6g? When thermal energy is added to a substance the temperature will increase except during a phase change is occurring.TrueFalse