Which best describes the ecosystems on Earth?
•
A. There are very few types of ecosystems on Earth.
•
B. Earth has mostly rain forest ecosystems.
•
C. Separate ecosystems can affect each other.
Ecosystems do not interact with each other.

Answer:

I'm going with drinking water

Explanation:

Hope that this helps.     : )

Answer: A Drinking water

Explanation:

hope this helps

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Complete question:

You will find the figure with cyanobacteria, decomposers, and oxygen concentration curves in the attached files.

Answer:

- between times I - II: cyanobacteria produce oxygen through the procees of photosynthesis.

- between times II - III and III - IV: decomposers consume oxygen through the process of respiration.

Explanation:

Cyanobacteria, also known as green-blue algae, inhabits the euphotic stratum, producing oxygen through the process of photosynthesis. Probably they produce among 20 - 30% of the global photosynthetic activity. When they die, they sink to deeper water strata.

At the time I, the cyanobacteria population experiences a fast growth, which can be seen through the positive sharp increase of the curve slope. The curve reaches a maximum point just before time II, where it begins to decrease. Cyanobacteria reproduce, and the population grows in size. The more cells there are, the more photosynthetic activity, and the higher amount of oxygen is produced. Following cyanobacteria growth, there is an increase in oxygen concentration, which is reflected by the sharp increase in the curve slope. Both curves are very similar, but they are separated on time, meaning that first cyanobacteria need to reproduce and photosynthesize to posteriorly observe a proportional increase in oxygen concentrations.

Just before time II, the cyanobacteria population stops growing, and at time II begins a sharp decrease in size, reflected in the curve slope. Living cells still produce oxygen, but as there are fewer cells, oxygen concentration also decreases. Cyanobacteria are decomposed by aerobic bacteria and fungi. These last organisms consume oxygen through the process of respiration. As cyanobacteria die and are decomposed, aerobic cells can reproduce at higher rates, increasing their population size. This also can be seen reflected in the decomposers curve, which is stable until time II where it shows a sharp positive increase in its slope. As decomposers' population increases, they consume more oxygen, which concentration decreases inversely proportional to the decomposers' increase. This can be seen in the curves: from time II to time III, the aerobic organisms curve increases and the oxygen curve decreases, so as the cyanobacteria curve.

Just before time III cyanobacteria population stabilizes and during time IV keeps equal. Oxygen concentration keeps following, from time II to IV. When cyanobacteria stabilize, before time III, decomposers population starts to decrease, but they still consume oxygen.

Because male creatures contain X and Y chromosomes, which are sex chromosomes, the law for dominance does not apply to them and they more susceptible to sex-related genetic diseases than female species.

Males only inherited one X chromosome, hence they only have one chance to receive the "good" allele because females contain two versions of an x-linked allele whereas males only carry one. Males are more likely than females to exhibit X-linked characteristics.

That's because X-linked diseases are typically brought on by a lack of functional copies of a gene found on the X chromosome. Males are born with just one X chromosome. Hence, they just require one malfunctioning .

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Answer:

Trophosphere

Explanation: Im smart

Answer:

Earth's water continuously moves through the atmosphere, into and out of the oceans, ... rivers, streams) provides nearly 90% of the moisture in our atmosphere. ... Even the wettest regions would form a layer of water only 60 ...

Explanation:

For every 10 meters that the depth of seawater increases, the pressure increases by another atmosphere or bar. So, the correct option is (A).

Pressure is defined as the force that is exerted per unit area of ​​an object perpendicular to the surface on which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure. Several units are used to express pressure.

It can be expressed as:

\(P = \frac{F}{A}\)

Where, P = pressure

F = force

A = area

In water, the greater the depth, the greater will be the pressure, so for every 10 m increase in depth, the water pressure increases by about 100 kilopascals (kPa). The SI unit of pressure is pascal (represented as Pa) which is equal to one newton per square metre \((N/m^2 ) or (kg m^-^1s^-^2).\)

Thus, for every 10 meters that the depth of seawater increases, the pressure increases by another atmosphere or bar. So, the correct option is (A).

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Based on the information provided in the graph, the speed between 10 and 12 hours was one kilometer per hour.

To calculate speed using time and distance, you can use the following formula:

Speed = Distance / Time

Here's how to use this formula:

Speed= 2 km / 2 hr = 1 km/hr

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Before fossil fuel and electrical power energy were harnessed, Humans used muscle power and direct wind and water power.

The correct option is C.

Muscle power refers to the power generated by humans during the contraction and relaxation of their muscles.

Muscle power can be used to accomplish a variety of tasks such as lifting objects, walking, running, etc.

Before the discovery of fossil fuels, humans use muscle power as well as wind and water power to accomplish tasks such as driving of motors, sailing ships, cutting trees, etc.

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Answer:

The geologic time scale (GTS) is a system of chronological dating that classifies geological strata (stratigraphy) in time. It is used by geologists, paleontologists, and other Earth scientists to describe the timing and relationships of events in geologic history. The time scale was developed through the study and observation of layers of rock and relationships as well as the times when different organisms appeared, evolved and became extinct through the study of fossilized remains and imprints. The table of geologic time spans, presented here, agrees with the nomenclature, dates and standard color codes set forth by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).

Explanation:

Answer:

the liquid inside the large central vacuole of aplant cell that serves as storage of materials and provide mechanical energy

Answer:

The answer is Chromosomes. Chromosomes are where all of your DNA is stored. Hope this helps!

Explanation:

Answer:

chromosome

Explanation:

long strand of DNA coil and recoil to form dense thread like structure called chromosome

Based on the table, IMOD technology is 50 times more energy efficient than LCD technology.

A type of flat panel display known as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) operates primarily using liquid crystals. Since they are frequently used in cellphones, televisions, computers, and instrument panels, LEDs offer a wide range of applications for consumers and enterprises.

Many weak or stuck pixels that are always on or off can be found in LCDs. It's possible for some pixels to be incorrectly connected to adjacent pixels, rows, or columns.

Therefore, IMOD technology is 50 times more energy efficient than LCD technology, according to the table.

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The plant cell has the following structure:

References:

1. Chloroplast

2. Nucleus

3. Permanent vacuole

4. Cell membrane

5. Cytoplasm

6. Mitochondrion

The animal cell has the following structure:

References:

1. Plasma membrane

2. Mitochondrion

3. Ribosome

4. Cytoplasm

5.Centrioles

6. Lysosome

7. Smooth endoplasmatic reticulum

8. Nucleus

9. Rough endoplasmatic reticulum

10. Golgi apparatus

11. Microtubule

Carbohydrates are used for short term energy. It also stores energy.

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Function of carbohydrates

Carbohydrates provide fuel for the central nervous system and energy for working muscles. They also prevent protein from being used as an energy source and enable fat metabolism, according to Iowa State University. Also, "carbohydrates are important for brain function," Smathers said.

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Both of the answers are little t because T and t make Tt and t and t make tt so both are t

Answer:

A) one cell with two identical copies of DNA

Explanation:

The end result of mitosis is one cell with two identical copies of DNA.

Answer: A) one cell with two identical copies of DNA

Explanation: Mitosis is a process of cell division that occurs in somatic cells (non-reproductive cells). It involves a series of steps that result in the formation of two identical daughter cells.

During mitosis, the parent cell undergoes several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. In prophase, the DNA condenses into visible chromosomes, and the nuclear membrane begins to break down. In metaphase, the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell. In anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. Finally, in telophase, the nuclear membranes reform around each set of chromosomes, and the cell begins to divide.

At the end of mitosis, each daughter cell contains the same number and type of chromosomes as the parent cell. This means that each daughter cell has an identical copy of the parent cell's DNA. The division of the cytoplasm then occurs in a process called cytokinesis, resulting in two separate daughter cells.

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One difference between cancer cells and normal cells is that cancer cells continue to divide even when they are tightly packed together.

A general term for conditions characterized by uncontrolled cell growth is cancer. Because of their altered perception of commonly used cellular signals, typically caused by genetic mutations to common signal receptors, cancer cells frequently have the ability to grow with little or no control.

Cancer cells, in contrast to normal cells that function normally, are not actually affected by inhibition based on density, which means that they continue to divide even when they are packed together tightly. In ordinary, working cells, they can't keep separating when they are stuffed firmly together by a cycle known as thickness subordinate hindrance, by which the tight bundle of cells paracrine signs to be conveyed to hinder cell development factors. This cycle is started to restrict contest for supplements and potential tissue harm coming about because of the choking of cells in too close a region. Cancer cells do not respond to these limiting markers, so even in restricted areas, they grow unabated.

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The chi-square test is used to prove independence between variables. X² = 71.2. Degrees of freedom = 3.

The chi-square test is a mathematical procedure used to evaluate if there is a significant difference between expected and observed results in one or more categories.

It is a non-parametric test to analyze the differences between categorical variables in the same population.

The test compares real data with expected data if the null hypothesis was true. In this way, the test determines if the difference between observed and expected data are by chance or if this difference is due to a relationship between the involved variables.

This independence test searches for the association between two variables in the same population. It determines the existence or not of independence between two variables.

To complete the table, first we need to get the expected values. Since we expect these genes to express complete dominance and be independent from each other, the phenotypic ratio expected here is 9:3:3:1.  

Expected values:

16 ------------------------------ 125

9 P-B- ----------------------X = 70.31

3 pp B- --------------------X = 23.44

3 P- bb --------------------X = 23.44

1 pp bb -------------------- X = 7.81

                                  Observed     Expected     O-E        (O-E)²      (O-E)²/E

Brown, Pea comb            38               70.31       -32.31   1043.93       14.84

Brown, Single comb        57               23.44      33.56   1126.27         48.05

White, Pea comb             20               23.44     -3-44       11.83           0.5

White, Single comb           0                 7.81       -7.81        61               7.81

Total                                 125                125                                          71.2

H₀ = Genes assort independently

H₁ = Genes are not independent

Chi-square, X² = Σ (O-E)²/E = 71.2

Degrees of freedom = n - 1 = 4 - 1 = 3

significance level = 0.05

p-value = 7.81

X² > p-value

71.2 > 7.81

X² > p-value, so there is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis. Genes are not independent from each other. Differences between the observed and expected values are not by chance.

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Complete question

In chickens, a pea comb (P) is dominant over a single comb (p), and brown feathers (8) are dominant over white feathers (b). A brown chicken with a pea comb is mated with a white chicken with a single comb, producing heterozygous F1 offspring. These F1 chickens are then mated to each other and produce the F2.

                                  Observed     Expected     O-E        (O-E)²      (O-E)²/E

Brown, Pea comb            38                

Brown, Single comb        57            

White, Pea comb             20            

White, Single comb           0              

Total                                 125  

a) On your own paper, calculate the Chi-square value for this data set. Round the to two decimal places along the way, and enter the Chi-square value

b) How many degrees of freedom are in this data set?

Wall lizard are not seen because blood becomes cold inside the body.

Answer:

Lizards are cold-blooded. They use their enviornment to control their body temperature. If a lizard is cold, it will go somewhere warmer. If a lizard is hot, it will go someone to cool off.

The lizard may find somewhere in direct sunlight, bury themselves in a hole, or bury themselves under leaves to keep warm.

Answer:

A.

Explanation:

It must be testable and it must be falsifiable. If a hypothesis cannot be tested by making observations, it is not scientific.

Answer:

Because water exhibits cohesive behavior.

Explanation:

Cohesive behavior can be explained as a behavior where molecules are attracted to each other.

And this means that,  water molecules are attracted to each  other because of their cohesive behavior. This makes them to be  attracted to other substances, such as the walls of the xylem of plants.

In this case, it is believed that the water molecules behave this  way because they are polar, that is, there is an electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms. And this enables it to move from the roots to the leaves of the plants.

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Because the growth of the plant will take time leading into the future.

Answer:

Lots of insects eat plants, some insects eat other insects, and some even drink blood. Many insects eat nectar from plants. And some insects will eat whatever scraps of food you leave lying around. A few insects, such as mayflies and some moths, never eat.

Explanation:

ATP and NADPH serve as key molecules that connect the light-dependent and light-independent reactions in photosynthesis. They play crucial roles in transferring energy and reducing power between the two processes, ensuring the overall efficiency of photosynthesis.

1. Light-Dependent Reactions: These reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts and convert light energy into chemical energy. During this process, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and other pigments, leading to the generation of ATP and NADPH.

2. ATP Generation: The absorbed light energy is used to power the electron transport chain, which pumps protons across the thylakoid membrane, creating a proton gradient. The flow of protons back across the membrane through ATP synthase generates ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

3. NADPH Generation: Simultaneously, the energized electrons from the electron transport chain are transferred to NADP+, reducing it to NADPH. This process requires the input of high-energy electrons and protons.

4. Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle): ATP and NADPH generated during the light-dependent reactions are utilized in the stroma of the chloroplasts to fuel the Calvin cycle. Here, carbon dioxide is fixed and converted into glucose through a series of enzymatic reactions.

5. ATP Utilization: ATP provides the necessary energy to power the various enzyme-catalyzed reactions in the Calvin cycle. It is used to drive the carboxylation of ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP), the regeneration of RuBP, and other key steps in the cycle.

6. NADPH Utilization: NADPH functions as a reducing agent in the Calvin cycle, providing the necessary high-energy electrons to convert carbon dioxide into glucose. It acts as a source of electrons in the reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P).

7. Recycling of ADP, NADP+, and Pi: As ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) during the Calvin cycle, ADP and Pi are regenerated in the light-dependent reactions. Similarly, NADP+ is regenerated from NADPH.

8. Continuous Cycle: The production of ATP and NADPH in the light-dependent reactions and their utilization in the light-independent reactions create a continuous cycle, ensuring the flow of energy and reducing power required for photosynthesis.

In summary, ATP and NADPH act as energy and reducing power carriers, respectively, connecting the light-dependent reactions that capture light energy with the light-independent reactions that utilize this energy to produce glucose. Their continuous generation and utilization ensure the efficiency and functionality of photosynthesis.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

:) the hard part mostly the bones are left behind.

Answer: D. The reproductive cells have half as many chromosomes as the body cells.

Answer:

D. In mitochondria, during cellular respiration.

Explanation:

A cell can be defined as the fundamental or basic functional, structural and smallest unit of life for all living organisms. Some living organisms are unicellular while others are multicellular in nature. A unicellular organism refers to a living organism that possess a single-cell while a multicellular organism has many (multiple) cells.

All living organisms such as plants and animals require energy to function properly (life activities). Thus, the organelle where energy from nutrients is released is generally referred to as mitochondria. Animals retrieve energy using mitochondria to do cellular respiration because they typically act like a digestive system by taking in nutrients, breaking them down and obtaining energy rich molecules for cell-life activities.

Cellular respiration can be defined as a series of metabolic reactions that typically occur in cells so as to produce energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). During cellular respiration, high energy intermediates are created that can then be oxidized to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Therefore, the intermediary products are produced at the glycolysis and citric acid cycle stage.

Basically, mitochondria is one of the cell organelles found in all living organisms and it is known as the powerhouse. Therefore, mitochondria provides all the energy required in the cell by transforming energy forms through series of chemical reactions; breaking down of glucose into Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) used for providing energy for cellular activities in the body of living organisms.

In organisms other than plants, the most ATP is produced in mitochondria, during cellular respiration.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

got it right on edge

After the cells perform all the previous processes of the cell cycle, at the end of them, it results in two daughter cells for mitosis and meiosis I, and four daughter cells for meiosis II. This is accomplished because the cell uses proteins such as actin and myosin to enclose the resulting nuclei and the different organelles of each cell. We can say then that the correct answer is the second one: cytokinesis, and this can be seen with a little more detail in the picture below at the right part of it.

Answer:

100 of them will have red eyes

Explanation:

heterozygous means one dominant and 1 weak. so like this Rr.

homo would mean the same so RR or rr.

in this case, it would be Rr combined with rr. the results are Rr, Rr, rr, rr

50/50