When the defamation of a public official is the basis for a criminal libel suit, the prosecution has to prove actual malice on the part of the defendant.
In cases of criminal libel where the defamation involves a public official, the burden of proof falls on the plaintiff or prosecution to establish the element of actual malice on the part of the defendant. Actual malice, in this context, refers to the knowledge that the statement made was false or with reckless disregard for its truth or falsity. This standard was established by the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case , New York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964).The requirement to prove actual malice in defamation cases involving public officials serves as a safeguard for free speech rights and encourages robust public debate. It recognizes the importance of allowing criticism and dissent of public officials without fear of legal repercussions. By imposing a higher burden of proof, it aims to protect the exercise of First Amendment rights while still providing a recourse for public officials who are victims of defamatory statements.In summary, in criminal libel suits involving public officials, the plaintiff or prosecution must demonstrate actual malice on the part of the defendant as a crucial element in their case.For more questions on prosecution
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If you are convicted of a DUI you could lose your
a) marriage
b) friends
Oc) children
d) all of the above
Which search pattern is used when you have many investigators available and are looking
for a missing person?
O Line or Strip search
O Grid search
Spiral search
Quadrant or Sone search
Answer:
I think grid search could be used when you have many investigators available and are looking for the same person
What are the recent cases which appears to have narrowed the scope of Miranda?
If you are caught speeding in a school or construction zone your fine could
Answer:
If you are caught speeding in a school or construction zone, your fine will: be doubled.
Explanation:
What does the proverb, "Motse go swa mabapi" mean? a. People help each other. O b. Harmony in love. O c. Together we stand, divided we fall.
Answer:
The answer is a.
People help each other.
I hope this is helpful!
how should moral deliberation proceed according to collins?
According to philosopher Ronald K. Collins, moral deliberation should proceed through a process of reflective equilibrium. This involves balancing our moral intuitions and principles to arrive at a coherent and justifiable moral position.
To proceed with moral deliberation according to Collins, the following steps can be taken:
Identify moral intuitions: Begin by identifying your own moral intuitions, as well as those of others involved in the situation. These intuitions may be based on personal experience, cultural norms, religious beliefs, or other factors.Formulate moral principles: Next, formulate general moral principles that can explain and justify the intuitions identified in step 1. These principles should be clear, concise, and applicable to a wide range of moral situations.Test for coherence: Check whether the moral principles developed in step 2 cohere with one another and with other moral beliefs you hold. This involves testing whether the principles are internally consistent and do not contradict each other.Test for justification: Finally, test whether the moral principles developed in step 2 are justifiable in the face of objections. This involves considering counterexamples, alternative principles, and objections to the moral principles developed in earlier steps.Overall, according to Collins, moral deliberation should proceed through a process of reflective equilibrium, in which moral intuitions are balanced against moral principles, and coherence and justification are tested through careful reflection and discussion.
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Once issued, warrants never expire?
True
False
Answer:
true
hope this helps :)
Explanation:
Vickie Lynn Marshall and E. Pierce Marshall are battling over the fortune of J. Howard Marshall II, is believed to be one of the richest people in Texas. The Marshalls' litigation has worked its way through state and federal courts in Louisiana, Texas, and California. Justices will decide whether Bankruptcy Court has statutory authority to issue final judgment on Vickie's counterclaim.
The Bankruptcy Court lacked the constitutional authority to enter judgment in Vickie Howard's case. Vickie was J. Howard's third wife and married him about a year before his death. He had bestowed on Vickie many monetary and other gifts during their courtship and marriage. But he did not include her in his will, and she sued for half of his fortune.
After J. Howard's death, Vickie filed a petition for bankruptcy in the Central District of California. Pierce filed a complaint in that bankruptcy proceeding, contending Vickie defamed him. Vickie responded to Pierce's initial complaint by filing a counterclaim for tortious interference. Bankruptcy Court issued a judgment on Vickie's counterclaim in her favor. Federal bankruptcy law does not guide how to tell which matters arise under Title 11 and which are Title 11 cases.
The structure and context of § 157 contradict Pierce's interpretation, the authors say. Congress failed to provide any framework for identifying or adjudicating the asserted category of core but not "arising" proceedings, they say.
1. Did the court find that federal law granted the Bankruptcy Court jurisdiction over the debtor’s counterclaim to the creditor’s claim? Why?
2. Did the court find that the Bankruptcy Court has the constitutional authority to do so? Why?
1. No, the court did not find that federal law granted the Bankruptcy Court jurisdiction over the debtor's counterclaim to the creditor's claim because Congress did not provide a framework for identifying or adjudicating such cases.
2. No, the court did not find that the Bankruptcy Court had the constitutional authority to adjudicate the counterclaim because the Bankruptcy Court lacked the constitutional authority to enter judgment on Vickie's counterclaim in J. Howard Marshall II's case.
The court concluded that the Bankruptcy Court did not have jurisdiction over the debtor's counterclaim based on federal law because Congress had not provided a framework for determining such cases. Additionally, the court found that the Bankruptcy Court lacked the constitutional authority to enter judgment on Vickie's counterclaim in J. Howard Marshall II's case.
This means that the Bankruptcy Court's judgment in favor of Vickie was deemed invalid, and the battle over J. Howard Marshall II's fortune would need to be resolved through other legal avenues outside of the Bankruptcy Court.
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Kevin is an aspiring DEA Special Agent and is doing his research on qualifications to be selected for the job. Which of the following qualifications should be included in his list?
You need to meet the following standards to be eligible to work as a special agent for the DEA. posses U.S. citizenship. Upon applying, you must be between the ages of 21 and 36.
What is citizenship?Citizenship is the legal status of an individual that recognizes them as a member of a nation or country. It is granted to people who have fulfilled certain requirements set by the government of that country, including birth, naturalization, or marriage to a citizen. As a citizen, one is granted certain rights, such as the right to vote, and also has certain responsibilities, such as paying taxes and obeying the laws of the country. Citizenship also provides protection and support from the government, including access to healthcare, education, and legal assistance. In essence, citizenship is the bond that links an individual to a community, giving them a sense of belonging, identity, and pride in their country.
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What natural boundary helps from the border between the United States and Mexico
Answer:
Rio Grande, aka "Río Bravo del Norte"
What was the outcome of the trial, Madrigal v. Quilligan? Do you feel it was a just verdict? Why or why not?
Answer:
The verdict in Madrigal v. Quilligan was ultimately in favor of the defendants.
Explanation:
The case Madrigal v. Quilligan was a landmark reproductive rights case heard in the United States in 1978. The case involved a group of 10 Latina women who sued the doctors and hospital that sterilized them without their full knowledge or informed consent while they were giving birth. The women argued that they had been sterilized due to their ethnicity and were not given the opportunity to make an informed decision about the permanent sterilization procedure.
The verdict in Madrigal v. Quilligan was ultimately in favor of the defendants, with the judge ruling that the women's constitutional rights had not been violated. The judge argued that the women had given their consent to the sterilization procedure, and that there was no evidence that the doctors and hospital had acted with discriminatory intent.
Many people, including reproductive rights activists, believed that the verdict was unjust. They argued that the women had not been fully informed about the consequences of the sterilization procedure and that they had been coerced into signing consent forms. Additionally, they argued that the women's race and ethnicity had played a role in the doctors' and hospital's decision to sterilize them, even though there was no direct evidence of discriminatory intent.
In summary, the verdict in Madrigal v. Quilligan was controversial and has been widely criticized as unjust by many reproductive rights advocates. The case highlighted the importance of informed consent and the need for protections against discrimination in medical procedures, particularly for marginalized communities.
How much is the fine for violating any of the restrictions of the gdl permit or probationary license?.
Bills of rights. . . Are not only unnecessary in the proposed constitution, but would even be dangerous those who agreed with this point of view were known as.
Answer:
federalists
Explanation:
which of the following political parties would be most likely to oppose reduced sentencing for nonviolent felony offenders? responses the green party the green party the libertarian party the libertarian party the republican party the republican party the democratic party
Types of party organizations. Political scientists have distinguished between different types of political parties that have evolved throughout history. These include cadre parties,mass parties,general parties,and cartel parties.
The Republican Party has generally been associated with socially conservative politics, though it has centrist and breakaway libertarian factions. Social conservatives advocate for laws upholding traditional family values, often rooted in Christianity. Hiring a third party saves significant time on the job, and team members can continue to make progress on other projects that would otherwise be bogged down by introducing a new one. . This allows the company to carry out more projects in a shorter time frame. The Libertarian Party is a political party in the United States that promotes civil liberties, non-interventionism, laissez-faire capitalism, and limiting the size and scope of government.
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Cliff (W-2 wages: $16,228) and Deb (W-2 wages: $2,600) send their daughter Julia (born 10-1-2010) to daycare while they both worked. They paid $250 per month for daycare. They are filing MFJ. They can claim the credit for child and dependent care expenses. What is their eligible amount of work-related daycare expenses? Select one: a. $0 b. $1,800 c. $2,600 d. $3,000 e. None of these
$0 t is their eligible amount of work-related daycare expenses. As They paid $250 per month for daycare. They are filing MFJ. Hence, option A is correct.
What is daycare expenses?Fees paid to a licensed child care center, an individual caregiver, an after-school program, or an emergency or sick child care provider for the care of the employee's dependent children. Only care that enables the parent to work is covered by the child care costs.
Child care costs cannot be written off as a business expense since they are not typical, essential, or reasonable. Rent, utilities, pay, salaries, maintenance, depreciation, insurance, and the cost of items sold are a few examples of expenses.
Thus, option A is correct.
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3.
If you can't provide proof of insurance to the FLHSMV, your driver license
and license plate can be suspended for up to __.
A. 30 days
B. 90 days
C. 1 year
D. 3 years
There are _________ separate subsections that cover disturbing the peace 415 P.C.
Answer:
Three
Explanation:
I. California Penal Code 415: Disturbing the Peace Legal Definition: There are three subsections under PC 415: PC 415 (1) Any person who unlawfully fights in a public place or challenges another person in a public place to fight. PC 415 (2) Any person who maliciously and willfully disturbs another person by loud and unreasonable noise.
Hope this helps :)
Pls mark brainliest :3
And have an amazing day <3
it is a good idea to use expert testimony in a speech when your topic
Yes, it can be a good idea to use expert testimony in a speech when your topic requires credibility and authority.
Authority refers to the legitimate power or control that an individual, organization, or governing body possesses to make decisions, enforce rules, and influence others. It is the right to exercise control, give commands, and expect obedience or compliance from others within a specific context or domain. Expert testimony can provide support for your argument or ideas and can lend credibility to your speech. When using expert testimony, it is important to choose experts who have relevant knowledge and experience in the field or topic you are discussing. Additionally, it is important to properly attribute and cite the expert testimony to maintain ethical standards and avoid plagiarism.
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Which of the following is an example of redistributive policy?a. the Federal-Aid Highway Actb. the Hope Scholarshipc. the Clean Air Actd. the Hawley-Smoot Acte. Head Start
An example of redistributive policy is the Head Start program. This program is designed to provide early childhood education, health, and nutrition services to low-income families.
An example of redistributive policy is the Head Start program. This program is designed to provide early childhood education, health, and nutrition services to low-income families. The aim is to improve the life chances of disadvantaged children by providing them with quality early education and care. This program is redistributive in nature because it takes money from taxpayers and redistributes it to low-income families. The Hawley-Smoot Act, on the other hand, was a protectionist tariff law that raised tariffs on imported goods, which led to a decrease in international trade and contributed to the Great Depression. The Federal-Aid Highway Act, the Hope Scholarship, and the Clean Air Act are all examples of policies aimed at providing public goods or promoting private investment, rather than redistributing wealth. In summary, redistributive policies aim to redistribute wealth from the rich to the poor, while other policies have different objectives.
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The government form that provides notice to the alien of the pending immigration removal charges filed against him/her is called:
Answer: Notice to Appear (NTA) policy memorandum (PM) (PDF, 599.37 KB) providing guidance on when USCIS may issue Form I-862, Notice to Appear. An NTA is a document that instructs an individual to appear before an immigration judge. This is the first step in starting removal proceedings against them
One person’s consumption of a product reducing the amount available for other people is a characteristic of a __________ good.
A.
public
B.
private
C.
positive
D.
negative
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C
D
They only one person’s consumption of a product reducing the amount available for other people is a characteristic of a private good. Thus, option (b) is correct.
What is product?
The thing being sold is called a “product.” A product and service market foundation. Items are divided into two categories: industrial products and consumer products.
The extrudability, rivalry, and rejectability of private commodities are their fundamental qualities. There is less of a good left over for others to use or buy when it is used or purchased by one person.
Therefore, option (b) is correct.
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which of the following is true of the conference that takes place after oral arguments in the supreme court?
The Correct option (A) (B) ;The justices take a nonbinding vote.
A justice is assigned to draft the majority opinion.
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the United States' federal judiciary. It has final appellate jurisdiction over all federal court cases in the United States, as well as state court cases involving a point of U.S. Constitutional or federal law.
It also has original jurisdiction over a limited number of cases, including "all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers, and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party."
The court has the power of judicial review, which allows it to invalidate a statute for violating a constitutional provision. It can also overturn presidential directives if they violate the Constitution or statutory law.
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Full question which of the following is true of the conference that takes place after oral arguments in the supreme court?
The justices take a nonbinding vote.
A justice is assigned to draft the majority opinion.
the policy concerns of the population at large
the policy preferences of Congress
What are your thoughts on the fact that defendants can engage in bargaining, more frequently initiated by the prosecutor?
Answer:
Some prosecutors also use plea bargains as a way to encourage defendants to testify against codefendants or other accused criminals. Plea bargains allow prosecutors to avoid trials, which are shunned because they are time-consuming, labour-intensive, and costly but carry no guarantee of success.
Explanation:
Hello! If a synovial ganglion (cyst) bursts due to a sudden movement or blow, does it reappear?
Answer:
This is a tricky one. If it bursts than there is a high risk on infection. However, there is a chance it will happen again, especially if the area is not properly cleaned after bursting and if the gunk isn't cleaned up. It could be dangerous if it is an internal cyst, so please be careful.
A defendant was charged with battery for allegedly attacking a man after the two of them left a local bar together. No one else witnessed the incident. At trial, each testified that he had acted only in self-defense. The defendant has called his next-door neighbor as a witness to testify to the defendant's reputation both for truthfulness and for peacefulness. The government has objected to the testimony in its entirety.
How should the court proceed?
A: Admit the evidence in its entirety.
B: Admit the evidence regarding the defendant's reputation for peacefulness, but exclude the evidence regarding his truthfulness.
C: Exclude the evidence regarding the defendant's reputation for peacefulness, but admit the evidence regarding his truthfulness.
D: Exclude the evidence in its entirety.
In the given scenario, the court should proceed by excluding the evidence in its entirety. The Correct option is D.
In this case, the defendant's reputation for truthfulness and peacefulness is not directly relevant to the central issue at trial, which is whether the defendant acted in self-defense during the alleged battery incident. The neighbor's testimony about the defendant's character does not provide any direct evidence about the specific incident in question.
Therefore, the court should exclude the evidence in its entirety, as it is not relevant to the case and may potentially lead to unfair prejudice or confusion among the jury. The focus should be on the testimonies and evidence directly related to the incident and the self-defense claims made by both the defendant and the alleged victim.
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Which of the followings aspects of international law would enable a cyber-criminal operating acrossborders to evade prosecution?
A.Lack of technology to identify the origin of a security attack
B.Non-recognition of commission of a security-related crime
C.Unwillingness of developed countries to share technical know-how with lesser-developed countries
D.Non-existent extradition agreements between two countriesE.Technological incompatibility between the two countries
A cybercriminal operating across borders can avoid prosecution if there are no extradition arrangements between the two countries.
Extradition is the process by which a person who has been accused or convicted of a crime in another jurisdiction is turned over to the law enforcement of that other jurisdiction. It depends on the agreements reached between the two jurisdictions and is a cooperative law enforcement operation. The physical transfer of custody of the person being extradited to the legal authority of the requesting jurisdiction is a part of extradition, in addition to the legal parts of the procedure.
Typically, in the course of an extradition procedure, one sovereign state submits a formal request to another sovereign one ("the requested state"). The requesting state may arrest the fugitive and submit him or her to its extradition procedure if the fugitive is discovered on its soil.
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What crimes do you think are best addressed with restorative justice programs? Why?
Answer:
FIRST DEGREE MURDER
Explanation:
the pennsylvania system was also know as walnut street. group of answer choices true false
False because The Pennsylvania system was also known as Auburn Prison System not as walnut street.
The Pennsylvania system was a prison system used in the 19th century that emphasized solitary confinement and labor as a form of rehabilitation.
It was used in the Eastern State Penitentiary in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, which was located on Cherry Hill. The Walnut Street Jail, which was also located in Philadelphia, predated the Pennsylvania system and was known for its harsh conditions and overcrowding.
While both institutions were located in Philadelphia and were used for imprisonment, they had different histories and practices.
The Pennsylvania system was a significant innovation in the history of American corrections, influencing the development of other prison systems in the United States and around the world.
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mahan’s books influenced u.s. efforts to become a world power primarily by —
Mahan's writings, particularly "The Influence of Sea Power Upon History," had a significant impact on American efforts to rise to the status of a superpower by arguing for the need for a strong navy and the control of
American naval commander and strategist Alfred Thayer Mahan (1840 1914) wrote extensively on the significance of sea power in determining the direction of global history. The Influence of Sea Strength Upon History, Mahan's most well-known essay, made the case that a country's capacity to command the seas and project naval power was necessary for it to become a major player on the global stage. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, his theories profoundly influenced American foreign policy and military strategy, encouraging choices to create a contemporary fleet and conquer foreign lands. Mahan has had a lasting impression on naval history and strategy as a strategic thinker and
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Which of these powers does the Constitution deny the federal government?
A. Increasing the tax burden on citizens without their state government’s consent
B. Discriminating against individuals based on race or ethnicity
C. Regulating the decisions of citizens conducting business
D. Imprisoning people who have not been convicted of a crime
Answer:
D. Imprisoning people who have not been convicted of a crime