What would happen if crossing over occurred between sister chromatids?.
Answers
Crossing over is the interchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
Homologous chromosomes are a pair of chromosomes that come from different parents and have similar genes.
Crossing over occurs during the pachytene stage of meiosis I and results in the creation of new combinations of genetic material. This is because the genetic information on the sister chromatids will be interchanged.
Crossing over is a vital process in ensuring genetic diversity in a population. During the process, the exchange of genetic material occurs between non-sister chromatids, leading to a new combination of alleles, which increases the diversity of the offspring produced.
What would happen if crossing over occurred between sister chromatids?Sister chromatids are produced through DNA replication, which occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle.
Sister chromatids are genetically identical because they contain the same genes. If crossing over occurs between the sister chromatids, then there will be no new combination of alleles. There will be no increase in the genetic diversity of the offspring produced because the genes will remain the same.
Therefore, the crossing over between sister chromatids will not result in any genetic variation, which is essential in maintaining diversity in the population. Hence, the exchange of genetic material between sister chromatids is rare and can only occur during the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks.
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Related Questions
Which of the following represents the product of gene expression? diploid O phenotype genotype haploid
Answers
The term ‘product of gene expression’ refers to a molecule that is created through transcription and translation after a gene has been expressed. The molecule that is synthesized represents the physical expression of genetic information contained within an organism's genome.
The product of gene expression refers to a functional gene product, such as a protein, produced through the process of gene expression. The expression of a gene involves a variety of complex molecular processes that include transcription and translation, which ultimately leads to the formation of a protein molecule from the sequence of the gene itself. The protein produced can be used to perform important functions within the organism.The term ‘diploid’ refers to a cell or organism that has two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. The term ‘haploid,’ on the other hand, refers to a cell or organism that has only one set of chromosomes. The ‘phenotype’ is the physical manifestation of the genetic information contained within an organism’s genome. Finally, the term ‘genotype’ refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, as determined by the sequence of their DNA. None of these terms represents the product of gene expression.
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following intense exercise, the human body attempts to overcome oxygen debt by
Answers
Following intense exercise, the human body attempts to overcome oxygen debt by increasing respiration rate and heart rate.
What is oxygen debt? Oxygen debt is the amount of oxygen required to restore a muscle to its pre-exercise condition. It's the amount of oxygen that a person's body needs to get back to a resting state after an intense workout. When a person participates in intense exercise, their body is unable to provide the muscles with enough oxygen to keep up with the demand. This oxygen debt is the difference between the amount of oxygen needed by the body to perform exercise and the amount of oxygen consumed by the body during exercise.What happens after intense exercise?When intense exercise is performed, oxygen is consumed by the body at a faster rate than it is supplied, resulting in an oxygen deficit. The body responds to this deficit by raising respiration and heart rates to provide more oxygen. This is due to the fact that the body needs to generate more energy to meet the increased demands of exercise. After exercise, the body continues to demand extra oxygen to eliminate lactic acid, which is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration that causes muscle fatigue. By increasing respiration and heart rates, the body may continue to consume additional oxygen to address oxygen debt.
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imagine a bodybuilder flexing their muscles. which type(s) of tissue go into that action?
Answers
Answer:
The tissues that come into action are cartilaginous, bone, muscular and tendon.
Explanation:
It must also be taken into account that the joints are the queens of contortionist movements, they are the ones that are most in demand, and the ones that most control the movements together with the proprioceptors and the muscular golgi reticulum.
Joints are not mentioned in the answer because they are not a tissue, but a set of tissues.
Help please :) brainliest involved
Answers
Answer:
First Option
Explanation:
The other three options basically are the cell theory!
The cell theory states that:
The basic units of life are cells.All cells arise from other pre-existing cells.All living things are made of cells.Since the 3 options state this, the first option (that all of them are part of the theory) should be correct.
Hope this helps.
Choose one sort of diversity (for example, age, gender, etc.)
and explain why it is essential as a factor in your opinion.
Answers
The type of diversity that I have chosen is ‘Gender Diversity’ and below are the reasons why it is essential as a factor in my opinion.
Gender diversity refers to the representation of both men and women in the workplace and society as a whole. It includes people of all genders, including non-binary individuals. Gender diversity has a significant impact on the workplace and society in general. As women are still underrepresented in many industries and roles, increasing gender diversity can lead to more opportunities for women and help break down gender stereotypes.
By having a gender-diverse workplace, companies can ensure compliance with these laws and avoid penalties or legal issues in the future.In conclusion, gender diversity is essential because it promotes a more inclusive environment, encourages innovation and creativity, and leads to better decision-making. By having a gender-diverse workplace, companies can improve employee satisfaction, increase profitability, reduce discrimination and biases, and ensure compliance with laws related to gender diversity.
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Which muscles have a triangular arrangement that spreads over a broad area and converges at a thick central tendon?
Answers
The muscles that have a triangular arrangement, spreading over a broad area and converging at a thick central tendon, are the trapezius muscles.
Large and superficial in the back, the trapezius muscle has a trapezoid-like shape. They are located in the upper back and neck region. It extends laterally to the spine of the scapula and downward from the external protuberance of the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae. Upper, middle, and lower groupings of fibres make form the trapezius.
The primary role of the trapezius is to regulate the scapula during movements of the shoulder and upper limb while also stabilizing it in its natural position.
The three parts of trapezius muscles:
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When we exhale does the diaphragm relax and goes down
Answers
Answer:
True.
Explanation:
The diaphragm is like a pump; to bring in air, it opens up, pulling air in. To release it, it closes back down, forcing air out.
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
When we exhale, the diaphragm relaxes and proceeds to return to a normal resting shape. The air is forced out of the lungs causing the diaphragm to go down.
a population of 500 jackrabbits has two alleles, fband fw, for a locus that codes for fur color. fbfbindividuals have black fur, fbfw individuals have gray fur,fwfwindividuals have white fur. 250 individuals are black, 150 individuals are gray and 100 individuals are white. what are the observed genotype frequencies in this population?
Answers
In this population of 500 jackrabbits, the observed genotype frequencies can be calculated based on the given phenotype frequencies.
The phenotype frequency of black rabbits is 0.5, gray rabbits is 0.3, and white rabbits is 0.2. Using the Hardy-Weinberg principle, we can determine the expected genotype frequencies. Assuming that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the expected genotype frequencies are 0.25 for fbfwfbfw (black), 0.2 for fbfwfwfw (gray), and 0.04 for fwfwfwfw (white).
By dividing the expected genotype frequencies by the sum of all three expected frequencies, which is 0.49, we can calculate the observed genotype frequencies. Thus, the observed genotype frequencies in this population are approximately 51% for fbfwfbfw (black), 41% for fbfwfwfw (gray), and 8% for fwfwfwfw (white).
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The lac operon in E.coli regulates genes that code for enzymes required for the breakdown of lactose. The lac operon is
operon that is activated in the presence of
Answers
The lac operon in E.coli regulates genes that code for enzymes required for the breakdown of lactose. The lac operon is an inducible operon that is activated in the presence of lactose.
It is a cluster of genes in bacteria that is responsible for the metabolism of lactose. The lactose operon consists of three structural genes, lac Z, lac Y, and lac A, that code for enzymes that break down lactose, and a regulatory region, which includes the promoter, operator, and lac I gene. It functions as a switch that turns genes on or off in response to environmental changes. The regulatory region of the lactose operon contains the operator and the promoter. The operator is a DNA sequence that regulates the expression of the genes by acting as a binding site for the regulatory protein.
The promoter is a DNA sequence that is recognized by RNA polymerase, which initiates the transcription of the genes. The lac I gene codes for a regulatory protein called the lac repressor. The lac repressor binds to the operator region of the lac operon and prevents RNA polymerase from transcribing the genes. In the absence of lactose, the lac repressor is active and the lac operon is turned off.
When lactose is present in the environment, it binds to the lac repressor and changes its conformation, preventing it from binding to the operator. This allows RNA polymerase to bind to the promoter and transcribe the genes necessary for lactose metabolism. Thus, the lactose operon is an inducible operon that is activated in the presence of lactose.
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TIME REMAINING
56:45
Tristan wraps some gifts and then brings them to the post office where they are delivered to people in different parts of
the country. Which organelle is Tristan most like?
lysosome
O chloroplast
O Golgi body
Ocell membrane
Answers
Answer:
LYSOSOME
Explanation:
HOPE IT HELPS
The Golgi body helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported from the cell.
How is ocean acidification affecting habitat’s food webs?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
If acidification reduces the populations of small animals like clams, oysters, and sea urchins, the larger animals like fish that feed upon those could run short of food, and so on up the food chain.
acidification reduces the populations of small animals like clams, oysters, and sea urchins, the larger animals like fish that feed upon those could run short of food, and so on up the food chain.
in trying to determine whether dna or protein was the genetic material, hershey and chase made use of which of the following facts about these two types of molecules? question 10 options: dna contains sulfur, whereas protein does not. dna contains nitrogen, whereas protein does not. dna contains phosphorus, whereas protein does not. dna contains purines, whereas protein includes pyrimidines.
Answers
While determining whether DNA or protein was the genetic material, Hershey and Chase made use of the following fact: DNA contains phosphorus, whereas protein does not.
DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the most prevalent form of genetic material present in majority of the organisms. The structure of DNA is double stranded with backbone made of sugar and phosphate alternating. And the nitrogenous bases projecting inwards perpendicularly to form the hydrogen bonds.
Proteins are the polymers of amino acids. These are the structures that are required for almost all the functions of the body. Protein can function as enzymes, food components, signaling molecules, etc.
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Why do some microorganisms characteristically form a growth or the pellicle type? What environmental factors might alter the formation of a pellicle? (10marks)
Answers
Due to their capacity to create extracellular polysaccharides or proteins that can form a film or layer on the surface of a liquid media, microorganisms may form a growth or pellicle type. The formation of a pellicle is a complex process that is influenced by a variety of environmental factors such as, Oxygen, temperature, Nutrient availability.
The medium's surface tension and the presence of oxygen both have an impact on pellicle production. The development of a pellicle can be influenced by environmental variables such as temperature, pH, the availability of nutrients, and agitation. For instance, high temperatures may prevent some microbes from growing, decreasing the possibility of pellicle production. Similar to how pH variations can affect pellicle production, pH fluctuations can also modify how microbes thrive. The availability of nutrients and the presence of rival microbes can both affect an organism's capacity to produce pellicles. A pellicle's ability to develop can also be impacted by the liquid medium's agitation. A pellicle can be disrupted by light shaking or stirring, but it can also be prevented entirely by vigorous agitation. Finally, the presence or lack of oxygen can have a substantial impact on pellicle production because some microbes are anaerobic and do not require oxygen for growth or pellicle creation.To know more about pellicle
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1-2*4=n-3
put it write and i give you 5 STARS
Answers
Answer: n=-4
Explanation:
Compost helps preserve the health of soil because it _____.
a.contains pesticides that kill insects
b.is a natural fertilizer that helps plants grow
c.breaks rock down into additional soil
d.is an artificial fertilizer to help plants grow
Answers
Answer:
is a natural fertilizer that helps plants grow
the deadly nerve gas sarin irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase. how would thisaffect muscle contractions?
Answers
Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme that breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junction, terminating its action on the muscle fibers.
Sarin irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase, leading to the accumulation of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junction, which results in overstimulation of the muscle fibers. The excess acetylcholine causes prolonged and sustained muscle contractions, leading to muscular spasms, paralysis, and potentially death by respiratory failure.
Therefore, the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by sarin interferes with the normal process of muscle contraction and can cause severe and life-threatening symptoms in individuals exposed to the nerve gas.
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Sainte-chapelle, with its walls of stained glass and delicate ornamentation, is most representative of which style?
Answers
Sainte-chapelle, with its walls of stained glass and delicate ornamentation, is most representative of the French Gothic architectural style.
What is French Gothic architecture?This is characterized by the type of designs which provide a sense of verticality to enhance the connection with God which is therefore the reason why it was used in places of worship such as church etc.
It also consists of open and illuminated interiors with plenty of windows and stained glass and were used in structures such as royal chapel within the complex of the Palais de la Cite, in Paris, Notre-Dame Cathedral etc
It was also used in Sainte-chapelle with its walls of stained glass and delicate ornamentation which is therefore the reason why French Gothic architecture was chosen as the correct choice.
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Coastal marine habitats are particularly susceptible to anthropogenic impacts simply due to their proximity to land, people and sources of pollution. This question asks you to consider the various inputs to coastal habitats that we've discussed throughout the semester by selecting which statement is accurate/true.
Group of answer choices
Runoff containing agricultural fertilizers helps to improve longterm rates of primary production in local coastal habitats, because fertilizers add nutrients needed for algal growth.
Input of insecticides and pesticides into the ocean has no effect on marine species; these chemicals only affect terrestrial animals.
Chemicals that are absorbed into phytoplankton and small zooplankton can eventually make it into our seafood.
Chemicals that enter the food chain at the level of primary producers decrease in concentration at higher trophic levels.
Answers
The statement that is accurate/true is: Chemicals that are absorbed into phytoplankton and small zooplankton can eventually make it into our seafood.
Coastal marine habitats are highly influenced by anthropogenic impacts, which include inputs such as agricultural runoff, pesticides, and other chemicals. These inputs can have both direct and indirect effects on marine species and their habitats. For example, agricultural fertilizers can increase the levels of nutrients in coastal waters, which can lead to algal blooms that can harm other marine species. However, in the long term, these nutrients can also increase primary production in local coastal habitats.
On the other hand, insecticides and pesticides that enter the ocean can have negative impacts on marine species. These chemicals can bioaccumulate in the tissues of organisms and cause harm to their health and survival. Additionally, these chemicals can affect the food chain at various levels, as they are absorbed into phytoplankton and small zooplankton. Over time, these chemicals can accumulate in the tissues of larger fish and eventually make their way into our seafood.
Overall, it is important to consider the various inputs to coastal habitats and their potential effects on marine species and the environment. By understanding these impacts, we can work towards better management and conservation practices to protect these valuable ecosystems.
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Hello! I need help!!
Will name brainliest!
Answers
Answer:
you sure this is biology? seams mor3 like history
How is a LENS different than a mirror?
Answers
Answer:
The mirror is glass with one side silvery backing produces an image by reflection on only one surface. The lens is a transparent substance that produces images by refraction in any surface of the two surfaces. It can be plane or curved.
Explanation:
Answer: The mirror is a device based on the principle of reflection whereas the lens is based on the principle of refraction.
Prior to cloning a gene into a plasmid, each DNA sequence must be cut with: A. the same restriction enzyme B. different restriction enzymes C. T4 DNA ligase D. Either (a) or (b) E. None of the above.
Answers
Prior to cloning a gene into a plasmid, each DNA sequence must be cut with the same restriction enzyme (Option A).
In the process of cloning a gene into a plasmid, both the gene of interest and the plasmid must be cut with the same restriction enzyme. This is done to ensure that the ends of the DNA fragments have complementary "sticky ends," which are necessary for the gene to be inserted into the plasmid.
Using the same restriction enzyme on both the gene and the plasmid allows for efficient ligation of the DNA fragments by T4 DNA ligase, which seals the DNA strands together. If different restriction enzymes were used, the resulting "sticky ends" would not be compatible, preventing successful ligation and gene insertion.
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What are the four bases of DNA?
Answers
Answer: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) hope this helps
Explanation:
Answer:
guanine, cytosine, adenine, and thymine
Explanation:
please help (^_^ ) ill give you brainliest
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Mitochondria makes energy, using oxygen available within the cell convert chemical energy from food in the cell to energy in a form usable to the host cell.
How does the size of a bacterial cell compare with an animal cell?
Answers
Answer:
hope it helped
Explanation:
Bacterial cells are very small - about 10 times smaller than most plant and animal cells. Most bacterial cells range in size from 0.2 to 10 microns or micrometers (0.0000079 to 0.00039 inches). ... One reason why bacterial cells are so small is that they need a large surface area to cell volume to take in nutrients.
How many different proteins, each with a unique amino acid sequence, can be constructed with a length of 8 amino acids?
Answers
With a length of 8 amino acids, 25600000000 multiple proteins with distinct amino acid sequences can be built.
What is the definition of amino acid sequencing?The method of determining the arrangement of individual different amino acids and peptides is known as amino acid sequencing. Even thoughted fact that many different amino acids have already been identified in nature, essential proteins inside this human body are made up of only twenty different types.
Why is the sequence of amino acids important?Amino acid sequences have been shown to include vital biological information. The arrangement of amino acids in a given protein, for example, can reveal information about the protein's three-dimensional structure as well as its cellular location, and function, including evolution.
According to the given data:There are various types of amino acids. 20
The number of different associated proteins n amino acids is 20ⁿ.
n = length of amino acid long
n= 8 amino acid length.
20⁸ = 25600000000
With a length of 8 amino acids, 25600000000 multiple proteins with distinct amino acid sequences can be built.
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In a strand of dna, what other base does the base called adenine bond to?.
Answers
Answer: The base pair that adenine bonds to is thymine!
Explanation:
There are 4 base pairs in a DNA strand, adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine. Adenine will always base pair with thymine, and guanine will always base pair with cytosine. But in RNA, thymine base pairs don't exist, so they will be replaced with uracil. And uracil will be paired with adenine, only in RNA.
A way you can remember these base pairs are; Apples in a Tree ( Adenine + Thymine ), and Cars in a Garage ( Cytosine + Guanine)
PLEASE ANSWER QUICK, I’LL GIVE BRAINLIEST TO THE CORRECT ONE!
1. What are the independent and dependent variables in each of the experiments?
2. What information should be added to the diagram to give the reader a better understanding of how these experiments
were conducted?
3. What items should have been CONTROLLED in the experiments?
4. How much confidence would you have in the conclusion of experiment 3 if you found out that the temperature was not
controlled? Explain your reasoning.
Answers
experiment 2 : independent is presence or absence of fan, dependent is volume of water lost
experiment 3 : independent is light intensity, dependent is volume of water lost
The independent variables are temperature, airflow, and light intensity and the dependent variable is the volume of water lost.
The initial volume of water should be known.
The initial volume of water should have been controlled.
The results of experiment 3 are not valid if the temperature is not controlled.
What is evaporation?
The surface phenomenon in which a liquid is converted into a vapor is defined as evaporation. The surface phenomenon means that only the exposed layer of the liquid will be affected.
This is different from boiling as boiling is a bulk phenomenon in which the entire volume of the liquid is affected and converted to vapor.
Also, unlike boiling, evaporation can happen at any temperature but it is faster at high temperatures. Evaporation is also affected by the speed of the wind, light intensity, and humidity.
Therefore, in this experiment, where the rate of evaporation in different variables is being measured,
The independent variables are temperature, airflow, and light intensity and the dependent variable is the volume of water lost. The initial volume of water should be known. The initial volume of water should have been controlled. The results of experiment 3 are not valid if the temperature is not controlled.
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what tool is used to determine the precise location of radioactively labeled DNA
Answers
the six projections from the gray matter seen in cross-sections of the spinal cord are called .
Answers
The six projections gray matter in the cross-section of the spinal cord is called horn.
The spinal cord is a collection of nerve fibers surrounded by bones, discs, cartilage, ligaments and muscles to protect it from injury and shock due to body movements. When the spinal medulla is cut horizontally, the structure of the spine will be seen in two parts, the gray colored part (subtansia grsea) and the white colored part (subtansia alba).
Gray matter (subtansia grisea) is shaped like a butterfly on the spine. This part includes nerve cells (neurons) and glial cells and also has four 'wings' called horns. The two front horns are called ventral horns and the two rear horns are called dorsal horns. The dorsal and ventral horns are connected to the skeletal muscles. Then there is the lateral horn which works on the autonomic nervous system.
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PLEASE QUICK!!!!
Complete the analogy
Cells : _______ :: Species : Population
Answers
Answer:
There are more but there is only one blank so,
The answer should be Organism (?)