What value is closest to the mass of the atom ?

When a reaction vessel initially containing 68.0 kg \(CH_4\) and excess steam yields 16.9 kg \(H_2\), the percent yield would be 49.8%

Recall that: percent yield = yield/theoretical yield x 100%

From the equation of the reaction:

\(CH_4 + 2H_2O --- > CO_2 + 4H_2\)

The mole ratio of methane to steam is 1:4.

Mole of 68.0 kg methane = 68000/16.0 = 44239.4 moles

Equivalent mole of  \(H_2\)= 16,957.6 moles

Mass of 16,957.6 moles  \(H_2\) = 16,957.6 x 2 = 33,915.2 grams or 33.92 kg

Percent yield = 16.9/33.92 x 100% = 49.8%

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The percentage yield of the reaction that yields 16.9 kilograms of Hydrogen gas, H₂ is 66.3%

CH₄ + H₂O —> CO + 3H₂

Molar mass of CH₄ = 16 g/mol

Mass of CH₄ from the balanced equation = 1 × 16 = 16 g = 0.016 Kg

Molar mass of H₂ = 2 g/mol

Mass of H₂ from the balanced equation = 3 × 2 = 6 g = 0.006 Kg

SUMMARY

From the balanced equation above,

0.016 Kg of CH₄ reacted to produce 0.006 Kg of H₂

From the balanced equation above,

0.016 Kg of CH₄ reacted to produce 0.006 Kg of H₂

Therefore,

68 Kg of CH₄ will react to produce = (68 × 0.006) / 0.016 = 25.5 Kg of H₂

Percentage yield = (Actual / Theoretical) × 100

Percentage yield = (16.9 / 25.5) ×100

Percentage yield = 66.3%

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The empitical formula shows the simplest ratio of elements in a compound (not the total number of atoms in the molecule).

So to find the empirical formula we need to calculate how many moles of each atom we have in this sample. Then we will see the ratio of each element.

We are given the mass, so to convert it to moles we use the molar mass. For this we go to the periodic table and see that the values for each element are:

Na (sodium): 22,99 g/mol

H (hydrogen): 1 g/mol

P (phosphorus): 25,81 g/mol

So we calculate the moles of each element as follows:

And as we see, for every 0.833 moles of Na we have the same number of moles of P, so the ratio of these elements in the molecule is 1 to 1.

As for the hydrogen:

So the ratio Na to H is 1 to 2.

Now we can write the empirical formula as follows=

Here you go I hope this helps

Ions can be made by single element or covalently bonded group of elements. The covalently bonded group of elements is called polyatomic ions or polyatomic atoms. Therefore,  the other ions that are not attracted to the electrodes form salt.

Any species that contain charge whether it is positive charge or negative charge is called ions. The example of polyatomic ions are sulfate, phosphate, nitrate etc.

Cation is the species that loose electron and attain positive charge while anion is a species which gain electron and attains negative charge so when anion and cation combine in fixed ration the the overall charge of the molecule is zero that is molecule is neutral, the charge over cation and anion is also called oxidation state.

Positive ions are attracted towards negative electrode and negative ions are attracted toward positive electrodes. the ions which are not attracted to either of the electrode, these form salt with the other ion remaining in the electrolyte.

Therefore,  the other ions that are not attracted to the electrodes form salt.

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To determine the volume of a 2.00 M Pb(NO3)2 solution that will react with 50.0 mL of a 1.50 M KCl solution, we need to use stoichiometry and the balanced chemical equation. And it is 18.75 mL of a 2.00 M Pb(NO3)2 solution.

Based on the balanced chemical equation:

Pb(NO3)2 + 2KCl → PbCl2 + 2KNO3,

the stoichiometric ratio between Pb(NO3)2 and KCl is 1:2.

Given that the volume of the KCl solution is 50.0 mL and its concentration is 1.50 M, we can calculate the moles of KCl present. Using the concentration and volume, we find that there are 0.075 moles of KCl. Since the stoichiometric ratio is 1:2, the number of moles of Pb(NO3)2 required is half of that, which is 0.0375 moles. Using the concentration of the Pb(NO3)2 solution (2.00 M), we can calculate the volume by dividing the moles by the concentration. This gives us a volume of 18.75 mL. Therefore, 18.75 mL of a 2.00 M Pb(NO3)2 solution will react with 50.0 mL of a 1.50 M KCl solution based on the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation.

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Based on the given equilibrium constant (K = 5.6 x 10⁵) and the negative enthalpy change (ΔH° = -91.8 kJ/mol), we can justify that the synthesis of NH₃ is thermodynamically favorable at 298 K and constant pressure.

To determine whether the reaction is thermodynamically favorable at 298 K and constant pressure, we can use the equilibrium constant (K) and the enthalpy change (ΔH°) of the reaction. Here, the given values are;

Equilibrium constant (K) = 5.6 x 10⁵

Enthalpy change (ΔH°) = -91.8 kJ/mol

To assess the thermodynamic favorability of a reaction, we consider both the magnitude and sign of ΔH°. If ΔH° is negative (exothermic), it indicates that the reaction releases energy and is likely to be thermodynamically favorable.

In this case, the given ΔH° value of -91.8 kJ/mol indicates that the reaction is exothermic. Since the forward reaction releases energy, it implies that the reaction is thermodynamically favorable at 298 K and constant pressure.

The equilibrium constant (K) can further support this conclusion. For a reaction to be thermodynamically favorable, the equilibrium constant should be greater than 1. In this case, the given equilibrium constant (K = 5.6 x 10⁵) is significantly greater than 1, indicating that the reaction favors the formation of products (NH₃) at equilibrium.

Therefore, based on the given equilibrium constant (K = 5.6 x 10⁵) and the negative enthalpy change (ΔH° = -91.8 kJ/mol), we can justify that the synthesis of NH₃ is thermodynamically favorable at 298 K and constant pressure.

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Answer:

I think it is stoichiometry

The amount of Al2S3 remaining is 0.096 mol the number of moles for each compound using their molar masses. The molar mass of Al2S3 is 150.16 g/mol.

According to the given reaction, we have 20.00 g of Al2S3 and 2.00 g of H2O. To find the amount of Al2S3 remaining, we need to calculate the limiting reactant. First, we determine the number of moles for each compound using their molar masses. The molar mass of Al2S3 is 150.16 g/mol.

Therefore, we have 20.00 g / 150.16 g/mol

= 0.133 mol of Al2S3.

The molar mass of H2O is 18.02 g/mol.

Hence, we have 2.00 g / 18.02 g/mol = 0.111 mol of H2O. Since the reaction requires a 1:3 ratio between Al2S3 and H2O, 0.111 mol of H2O would require 0.111 mol * (1 mol Al2S3 / 3 mol H2O)

= 0.037 mol of Al2S3.

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The list of atoms arranged in order of increasing first ionization energy is: Li < Cs < S < Se. The first ionization energy is the energy required to remove one electron from an atom in its gaseous state.

In the given list, the first ionization energy increases from left to right. Starting with Li, it has the lowest first ionization energy in the list. This is because Li has a single valence electron in the 2s orbital, which is relatively far from the nucleus and shielded by the inner electrons. As we move to Cs, it has the next lowest ionization energy due to its larger atomic radius and increased shielding, making it easier to remove an electron. Moving to S, it has a higher first ionization energy compared to Cs because it is a nonmetal with a smaller atomic radius. Nonmetals generally have higher ionization energies due to their stronger attraction between the valence electrons and the nucleus. Finally, Se has the highest first ionization energy in the list as it is larger and less electronegative than S, resulting in a higher ionization energy.

Overall, the trend of increasing first ionization energy in the given list can be attributed to the atomic radius, shielding effect, and electronegativity of the atoms.

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V ≈ 18.5 cm³

Hi there !

density formula

d = m/V => V = m/d

V = 50g/2.7g/cm³

V = 18.(518) cm³

V ≈ 18.5 cm³

Good luck !

These orbital configurations represent the arrangement of electrons within the different energy levels and subshells of the respective elements.

The orbital configurations of the given elements are as follows:

Helium: 1s² - Helium has two electrons that occupy the 1s orbital.

Nitrogen: 1s² 2s² 2p³ - Nitrogen has two electrons in the 1s orbital, two electrons in the 2s orbital, and three electrons in the 2p orbital (specifically, 2p³ indicates three electrons in the 2p subshell).

Silicon: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p² - Silicon has two electrons in the 1s orbital, two electrons in the 2s orbital, six electrons in the 2p orbital, two electrons in the 3s orbital, and two electrons in the 3p orbital (specifically, 3p² indicates two electrons in the 3p subshell).

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Explanation :

To write the net ionic equation for the reaction, we first need to write the balanced molecular equation for the reaction. The balanced molecular equation for the reaction between potassium nitrite and hydrochloric acid can be written as follows:

KNO2(aq) + HCl(aq) → KCl(aq) + HNO2(aq)

Now, to write the net ionic equation, we need to eliminate the spectator ions. Spectator ions are the ions that remain unchanged throughout the reaction.

In this case, the spectator ions are K+ and Cl-.

Thus, the net ionic equation for the reaction between potassium nitrite and hydrochloric acid can be written as follows:

NO2- (aq) + H+ (aq) → NO2H (aq)

The balanced ionic equation for the reaction can be written as follows:

K+ (aq) + NO2- (aq) + H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) → K+ (aq) + Cl- (aq) + NO2H (aq)

Therefore, the net ionic equation for the reaction is NO2- (aq) + H+ (aq) → NO2H (aq).

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Answer:Sulfur

Hope this helps!

Explanation:

During the 1920s, installment buying, income inequality, and stock market speculation contributed to the economic weaknesses that helped bring about the Great Depression.

The use of installment buying allowed consumers to purchase goods on credit, which led to an increase in consumer spending but also led to high levels of personal debt. Income inequality was also a major issue during this time, with a small percentage of the population holding the majority of the wealth. Stock market speculation led to a boom in the stock market, but many investors were buying stocks on margin, which led to a stock market crash in 1929. These factors, along with other economic and political factors, contributed to the Great Depression, which lasted throughout the 1930s.

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The federal government was unable to intervene in elixir sulfanilamide containing diethylene glycol that causes kidney poisoning as there was no legal requirement that medicine be safe.

In 1937, a sulfonamide antibiotic called elixir sulfanilamide, which was incorrectly made, poisoned large numbers of people in the United States. Over a hundred individuals are said to have died as a result. The 1938 Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act was passed in response to the uproar produced by this episode and subsequent tragedies of a similar nature, greatly expanding the authority of the Food and Drug Administration to regulate pharmaceuticals.

A warning that Elixir Sulfanilamide was poisonous and lethal was promptly published in newspapers and broadcast on radio once the AMA laboratory identified diethylene glycol as the dangerous component. On the 14th, a doctor in New York was informed of the fatalities and immediately contacted Food and Drug Administration headquarters.

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Answer: Rb₂S

Explanation:

Rubidium is in group one, so it has one outer electron, forming a 1+ ion when it becomes a rubidium ion.

Sulfur is in group six or sixteen, so it has six outer electrons, forming a 2- ion when it becomes a sulfide ion.

When these two elements bond it is an ionic bond, as it is between a metal and non-metal.

As you need to balance the charges for ionic compounds, there must be two rubidium ions so that the two rubidium ions (2+) and sulfide ion (2-) charges cancel out/are equal.

As a result, it is Rb₂S.

To obtain 9.60 grams of the salt from an aqueous solution of 0.161 M iron(III) fluoride, 484.59 milliliters of the solution will be needed.

Step-by-step explanation:

1. First, we need to determine the molar mass of iron(III) fluoride. The molar mass of iron is 55.85 g/mol and the molar mass of fluoride is 19.00 g/mol. Therefore, the molar mass of iron(III) fluoride is:

55.85 g/mol + (3 x 19.00 g/mol) = 112.85 g/mol

2. Next, we need to use the molarity formula to determine the volume of the solution needed to obtain 9.60 grams of the salt. The molarity formula is:

Molarity = moles of solute/volume of solution in liters

Rearranging the formula to solve for the volume of the solution gives us:

The volume of solution in liters = moles of solute/molarity

3. We can use the molar mass of iron(III) fluoride to convert the mass of the salt to moles:

9.60 g / 112.85 g/mol = 0.0851 mol

4. Now we can plug in the values into the formula to solve for the volume of the solution:

Volume of solution in liters = 0.0851 mol / 0.161 M = 0.48459 L

5. Finally, we can convert the volume of the solution from liters to milliliters:

0.48459 L x 1000 mL/L = 484.59 mL

Therefore, the availability of 484.59 milliliters of the aqueous solution of 0.161 M iron(III) fluoride will be needed to obtain 9.60 grams of the salt.

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Minerals do not include crude oil or natural gas. The most obvious difference between gas and oil is that they lack crystal structures and are not solids. Originally derived from rotting plants and animals, they are organic as well.

Any solid material that is a crystal has its constituent atoms arranged in a specific pattern, and its surface regularity mirrors its internal symmetry.

When it comes to gemstones, only rare, precious, or quasi minerals, like diamond, and even some organic bases, like amber, are used, as opposed to crystals, which can be any element arranged in a geometric form. Although some crystals could be made to sparkle similarly, they are typically cut or polished in a manner that causes the gem shimmer and glisten.

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The 3000 Kg  of the nobelium sample with a half life of 60 minutes decays to 1.0 1 Kg after 12 hours.

Half life of a radioactive isotope is the time taken to decay half of its initial amount. The half life is related with the decay constant k by the expression:

k = 0.693/t1/2.

Given the t1/2 of the nobelium sample is 60 minutes.

Thus k = 0.693/60 min = 0.011  min⁻¹

time take for the decay = 12 hrs = 720 minutes.

initial amount  = 3000 Kg.

Thus, k= 1/t ln (N0/Nt)

 0.011  min⁻¹ = 1/720 min ln (3000/Nt)

    Nt =  1.01 Kg.

Therefore, 1.01 Kg of nobelium sample will remain after 12 hours.

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The amount of calcium ingested by drinking eight 8-oz glasses of local water is 0.0041655 mol. By drinking 1.0L of local water, approximately 166.85 mg of calcium is ingested, which is 14.5% of the daily requirement of calcium.

1. To calculate the amount of calcium ingested by drinking eight 8-oz glasses of local water, we need to know the volume of water and the concentration of calcium ions present in it.1 oz = 29.57mL

So, eight 8-oz glasses of water = 8 x 8 oz = 64 oz= 64 x 29.57 mL = 1892.48 mL1 L = 1000 mL

Therefore, the volume of water in liters = 1892.48/1000 = 1.8925 L

Concentration of Ca ions in water = 0.0022 mol/L

So, the amount of calcium ingested = concentration of calcium x volume of water= 0.0022 mol/L x 1.8925 L= 0.0041655 mol of calcium

2. To calculate the percentage of the daily requirement of calcium met by drinking 1.0L of local water, we need to convert the amount of calcium in moles to milligrams (mg). The molar mass of calcium is 40.08 g/mol.0.0041655 mol of calcium weighs = 0.0041655 mol x 40.08 g/mol = 0.16685464 g or 166.85 mg

The percentage of the daily requirement of calcium met by drinking 1.0L of local water is given by the formula:

Percentage of daily requirement met = (amount of calcium in water/daily requirement of calcium) x 100%Daily requirement of calcium = 1150 mg

Percentage of daily requirement met = (166.85 mg/1150 mg) x 100%≈ 14.5 %

Therefore, by drinking 1.0L of local water, approximately 166.85 mg of calcium is ingested, which is 14.5% of the daily requirement of calcium.

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Answer:

Calcium

Explanation:

Number of protons = 20. This is also the atomic number.

The element with atomic number 20 is Calcium.

Number of electrons = 18

In a neutral atom, number of protons = number of electrons

Here, number of protons is 2 less than number of electrons. Therefore the ion formed is Ca 2+.

Answer:

9.90

Explanation:

Given [H+] = 1.25 x 10^-10 M, we can calculate the pH using the formula:

pH = -log10([H+])

pH = -log10(1.25 x 10^-10)

Using logarithmic properties:

pH = -log10(1.25) - log10(10^-10)

Since log10(10^-10) is equal to -10:

pH = -log10(1.25) - (-10)

pH = -log10(1.25) + 10

Now, evaluating the logarithm using a calculator:

pH = -0.0969 + 10

pH = 9.9031

Therefore, the pH of the solution with [H+] = 1.25 x 10^-10 M is approximately 9.9031. Rounding it to two decimal places, the pH is approximately 9.90.

Answer:

To gain stability

Explanation:

If the outermost shell is not completely filled with electrons, the element has one of the three options: gaining electrons, losing electrons or sharing electrons. By gaining or losing electrons, ionic compounds are produced. Sharing of electrons results in the formation of covalent compounds.

A hydrocarbon is an organic compound in organic chemistry that is made entirely of hydrogen and carbon.

carbon 81.7%

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The lowest representational unit for an ionic compound is a formula unit.

The smallest unit in which a substance naturally exists is called a representative particle. The atom is the representative particle for most elements. The atom is the representative particle for most elements. Iron, carbon, and helium are made up of individual iron, carbon, and helium atoms.

Subatomic is defined as "less than an atom." Protons, neutrons, and electrons make up atoms. Even smaller particles known as quarks are the building blocks of protons and neutrons. Physicists believe quarks are elementary particles based on the evidence that is currently available.

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Answer:

plants are producers, and a hare is a consumer, after eating the plant, the hare gains energy from the plant that the plant absorbed from the sun, and glucose :)

Explanation:

Based on the rate of disappearance of HI, the rate of appearance of I₂ is 0.225 mol/L/s.

The rate of a reaction is the rate at which reactant molecules are converted to product or the rate at which product molecules are formed.

From the equation of the reaction, 2 moles of HI produces 1 mole of I₂.

The rate of disappearance of HI is -0.45 mol/L/s

The rate of appearance of I₂ will be 0.45/2 mol/L/s = 0.225 mol/L/s.

Therefore, the rate of appearance of I₂ is 0.225 mol/L/s.

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0.13 gram of precipitate forms when 22.0ml of 0.125mol sodium hydroxide reacts with 34.5ml of 0.110mol zinc sulfate.

The term molarity is defined as the number solute dissolve in per litre of solution.

The balanced chemical equation that describes this double replacement reaction is as follows:

2NaOH + ZnSO₄ ⇒ Zn(OH)₂  + Na₂(SO)₄

Notice that you need 2 moles of sodium hydroxide in order to react with

1 mole of zinc(II) sulfate and produce 1 mole of zinc(II) hydroxide.

Use the molarities and volumes of the two solutions to figure out how many moles of each reactant you are mixing together.

0.00275 moles of NaOH

0.00379 moles of zinc sulphate

0.00379 moles of zinc sulphate × 2 mole NaOH / 1 mole zinc sulphate

= 0.00759

0.00137 moles of zinc oxide × 99.42 / 1 mole zinc hydroxide

= 0.13 gram

Thus, 0.13 gram of precipitate forms when 22.0ml of 0.125mol sodium hydroxide reacts with 34.5ml of 0.110mol zinc sulfate.

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To calculate the ratio of uranium-235 to lead-207 atoms in the mineral sample, we can use the atomic masses and the concept of radioactive decay.

The ratio of uranium-235 to lead-207 atoms in the mineral sample is 1:3.The atomic mass of uranium-235 (U-235) is approximately 235 atomic mass units (amu), while the atomic mass of lead-207 (Pb-207) is approximately 207 amu.

Given:

Number of uranium-235 atoms = 50,000

Number of lead-207 atoms = 150,000

To find the ratio, we divide the number of uranium-235 atoms by the number of lead-207 atoms:

Ratio = Number of uranium-235 atoms / Number of lead-207 atoms

Ratio = 50,000 / 150,000

Simplifying the ratio:

Ratio = 1/3

Therefore, the ratio of uranium-235 to lead-207 atoms in the mineral sample is 1:3.

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