The type of IMF between nonpolar covalent molecules is the London dispersion force. The type of IMF between polar covalent molecules is dipole-dipole force. The type of IMF between water molecules is hydrogen bonding.
The London dispersion force is a result of electron movement and results in the formation of temporary dipoles in molecules. This happens because the movement of the electrons in nonpolar molecules isn't uniform; it's constantly fluctuating. As a result, there will be areas where electrons are more concentrated than others, resulting in temporary positive and negative charges.
Polar covalent molecules have dipole-dipole force. It's due to the partial positive charge on one molecule interacting with the partial negative charge on another molecule.
Ionic compounds have ionic bonds, and it's an electrostatic attraction between positively and negatively charged ions.
Water molecules have hydrogen bonding. The molecules in the water are held together by hydrogen bonds, which are strong IMF.
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Calculate the followin gquantites and record teh data in the table below:
Average volume of NaOH solution dispensed (mL): 9.03 mL
average number of moles of NaOH dispensed: _____
average concentration of the acid (mol/L): ____
I am not sure how to answer the two blank values. I have 0.00200 moles if that helps for the calculation! Will rate, thanks, let me know if more info needed!
Here is the procedure for this experiment:
Experiment 2: Use the Standardized NaOH Solution to Determine the Concentration of an Acid
Part 1: Perform a Coarse Titration
Take a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask and a 50 mL graduated cylinder from the Containers shelf and place them on the workbench.
Take acetic acid #1 (unknown concentration) from the Materials shelf and add 25 mL to the graduated cylinder. Double-click the graduated cylinder to read and record the exact volume, then transfer the liquid to the flask.
Take phenolphthalein from the Materials shelf and add two drops to the flask.
Take a pH meter from the Instruments shelf and place it into the Erlenmeyer flask. Record the pH.
Take the NaOH solution from the workbench and refill the burette as described previously. Double-click to read and record the starting volume.
Move the Erlenmeyer flask onto the base of the burette.
Perform a coarse titration, adding large increments of titrant (~ 2 mL) from the burette by pressing and holding the stopcock at the bottom of the burette. Pause after each dispensation. Record the volume dispensed.
Check if the end point has passed. When the reaction reaches the end point, the solution changes color. Also, as more sodium hydroxide is added to the acetic acid solution, the pH increases.
Stop once you reach the end point. Record the dispensed volume and pH at which this occurs. Record both the last dispensed volume where the solution was colorless (right before the end point) and the first dispensed volume where the solution changed color. You will use the volume dispensed right before the end point in the fine titration.
Clear your station by emptying the Erlenmeyer flask into the waste, then placing the flask in the sink.
Part 2: Perform Fine Titrations
Set up the titration as described in steps 1 â 6 in part 1 of experiment 2.
Click and hold the stopcock of the burette to quickly add the "before the end point" volume of sodium hydroxide determined in the coarse titration.
Add sodium hydroxide in small increments, down to one drop at a time. This can be tedious, but if you click and hold you might miss the exact end point of the titration.
When the solution changes color, stop adding titrant. Record both the pH and volume dispensed.
Clear your station by emptying the Erlenmeyer flask into the waste, then placing the flask in the sink.
Repeat the fine titration twice more, and record the results. Note: If you run out of standard solution you will need to repeat Experiment 1. A new standard solution will need to be prepared and analyzed.
Clear the bench of all materials, containers, and instruments, then return to your course page to complete any assignments for this lab.
Average volume of NaOH solution dispensed: 9.03 mL.
The average number of moles of NaOH dispensed is 0.00200 moles. The average concentration of the acid is 0.080 mol/L.
The average number of moles of NaOH dispensed, we need the average volume of NaOH solution dispensed and the molarity (concentration) of the NaOH solution.
Average volume of NaOH solution dispensed: 9.03 mL
To find the average concentration of the acid, we need the volume of acetic acid used and the number of moles of NaOH used.
Volume of acetic acid used: 25 mL
Number of moles of NaOH used: 0.00200 moles
Since the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between acetic acid (CH₃COOH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is:
CH₃COOH + NaOH -> CH₃COONa + H₂O
We can see that the stoichiometric ratio between acetic acid and NaOH is 1:1. This means that the number of moles of NaOH used is equal to the number of moles of acetic acid.
Therefore, the average number of moles of NaOH dispensed is 0.00200 moles.
To calculate the average concentration of the acid, we can use the equation:
Molarity (concentration) = moles/volume
Let's plug in the values:
Molarity = 0.00200 moles / 0.025 L (convert mL to L)
Molarity = 0.080 mol/L
Therefore, the average concentration of the acid is 0.080 mol/L.
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Which of the following molecules is most likely an enzyme?
water
glucose
protease
monosaccharide
Answer:
protease is an enzyme
Explanation:
It hydrolyse peptide bonds of proteins and also called proteolytic enzymes.
The boiling point of liquid E is 30.5 °C at 1 atm (760.0 torr). Its vapor pressure at -25.5 °C is 395 torr. What is its ΔHvap in kJ/mol?
The boiling point of liquid E is 30.5 °C at 1 atm (760.0 torr) if Its vapor pressure at -25.5 °C is 395 torr.
The ΔHvap for liquid E can be calculated by using Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
Where,ΔHvap is the enthalpy of vaporization,R is the universal gas constant;T1 is the boiling point temperature;T2 is the temperature at which the vapor pressure is known;p1 is the vapor pressure at T1;
p2 is the vapor pressure at T2By substituting the given values in the above equation,ΔHvap = - ((8.31 J/mol.K) * (303.65 K) * ln (395/760))= 40.7 kJ/mol.The ΔHvap for liquid E is 40.7 kJ/mol.
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During sublimation the particles in a
solid
A. do not change their energy level.
B. do not gain enough energy to become a liquid.
C. gain so much energy, they turn to gas without becoming
a liquid
D. convert mechanical energy to sound energy.
Answer:
A. Do not change their energy level.
Explanation:
The process in which a solid changes directly to a gas is called sublimation. It occurs when the particles of a solid absorb enough energy to completely overcome the force of attraction between them. Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide, CO2) is an example of a solid that undergoes sublimation.
In order to demonstrate brownian motion , some fine powdered charcoal is added to water. the suspense is viewed under a microscope what will be observed,under a microscope
In order to demonstrate Brownian motion, some fine powdered charcoal is added to water. the suspension is viewed under a microscope and a Zig-Zag motion of particles is observed.
Zig-Zag motion of particles is observed when some fine powdered charcoal is added to water and the suspension is viewed under a microscope,
Brownian motion is a zig zag motion randomly of the particle. It is an uncontrolled movement of the particles in a given fluid here, water due to the collisions that occur constantly with the fast-moving particles present in the suspension.
Example of a Brownian motion is Diffusion wherein gas molecules adopt a random motion hitting each other constantly.
When the system if homogenous,then Brownian motion is not observed since the bombarding is uniformly constant.
In colloids or suspensions, Brownian motion is observed due to u=non-uniform bombarding.
Hence, the particles do not settle down and remain in the solution throughout preventing coagulation.
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What do we mean by c8 columns? None of the above The column contains eight carbons by lonic bonded The column contains eight carbons by covalent bond The column contains phenyl group by covalent bond
C8 columns refer to chromatography columns that contain a stationary phase consisting of hydrocarbon chains with eight carbon atoms. c8 columns means none of the given options. The correct answer is (d) None of the above.
C8 columns refer to chromatography columns that contain a stationary phase consisting of hydrocarbon chains with eight carbon atoms. These carbon chains are typically covalently bonded to a solid support material.
The C8 designation represents the length and composition of the hydrocarbon chains in the stationary phase.
These columns are commonly used in chromatography techniques, such as reversed-phase liquid chromatography, where nonpolar compounds are separated based on their interactions with the hydrophobic stationary phase.
The C8 stationary phase provides moderate retention for analytes with different polarities, allowing for effective separation.
The statement about ionic bonding or the presence of a phenyl group is not applicable to C8 columns.
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I need help with my chemistry homework
Speed in excess of 100 km/h, which is 208.8 km / h
Further explanationLinear motion consists of 2: constant velocity motion with constant velocity and uniformly accelerated motion with constant acceleration
• An equation of uniformly accelerated motion
\(\large {\boxed {\bold {x=xo+vo.t+\frac {1} {2} at ^ 2}}}\)
vt = vo + at
vt² = vo² + 2a (x-xo)
x = distance on t
vo / vi = initial speed
vt / vf = speed on t / final speed
a = acceleration
I think it's not chemistry but physics
KnownΔx = 290 m
vf = 0⇒stop
Δt = 10 s
We use the formula in the question
\(\tt \Delta x=\dfrac{1}{2}(vf+vi)\Delta t\\\\290=\dfrac{1}{2}(0+vi).10\\\\vi=58~m/s=\boxed{\bold{208.8~km/h}}\)
Which of the following statements correctly describe the rules for assigning oxidation numbers? Select all that apply. Check all that apply All elements in a neutral molecule have an oxidation number of zero. The sum of the oxidation numbers for the atoms in a neutral compound is zero. The oidation number for a monatomic n i the same as ts charge. If two atoms are bonded in a molecule, such as O2, the oxidation number for one atom is +1 and for the other is -1 The sign of an oxidation number is unimportant.
The rules for assigning oxidation numbers are:
b) The O.N. for a monatomic ion is the same as its charge.
d) The sum of the oxidation numbers for the atoms in a neutral compound is zero.
Oxidation Number:
In chemistry, oxidation states or oxidation numbers are the virtual charges of atoms when all bonds to various atoms are completely ionic. It describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of atoms in a compound. Conceptually, the oxidation state can be either positive, negative, or zero. Although perfect ionic bonds do not occur naturally, many bonds exhibit strong ionic character, making the oxidation state a useful indicator of charge.
The oxidation state of an atom does not describe its "real" charge or any other real atomic property. This is especially true at high oxidation states where the ionization energy required to produce multiplying cations is much greater than the energy available for chemical reactions. Furthermore, the oxidation state of atoms in a given compound depends on the choice of electronegativity scale used in the calculations. Therefore, the oxidation state of atoms in a compound is just a formality. However, it is important to understand the naming conventions for inorganic compounds. Also, some observations about chemical reactions can be explained at a fundamental level in terms of oxidation states.
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How many moles of calcium are present in 204 grams of calcium?
R. F.M (Relative Formula Mass ) of Ca=40
40g of Ca=1 mole
204g of Ca=(1*204)/40
=5.1 moles
Nitrogen is a group 15 element. What does being In this group imply about the structure of the nitrogen atom?
Answer:
Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons
Explanation:
nitrogen has it's attoms form triple bonds which are very hard to break
so non-reactive
what chemical binds free hydrogen ions in solution?
The chemical that binds free hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution is called a base.
A base is a substance that can accept or combine with hydrogen ions, resulting in a decrease in the concentration of H+ ions in the solution. This process is known as neutralization. In the context of the Bronsted-Lowry theory, a base is a proton (H+ ion) acceptor, whereas an acid is a proton donor. When a base and an acid react, they form water and a salt. This reaction is called an acid-base neutralization reaction.One common example of a base is hydroxide ions (OH-). When hydroxide ions combine with hydrogen ions, they form water molecules (H2O). Another example is bicarbonate (HCO3-) which can accept hydrogen ions to form carbonic acid (H2CO3). Bicarbonate is particularly important in the human body as it helps maintain the pH of our blood within a narrow range, preventing it from becoming too acidic or alkaline.To summarize, a base is the chemical that binds free hydrogen ions in a solution, resulting in the neutralization of the solution. Examples of bases include hydroxide ions (OH-) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-). The reaction between a base and an acid leads to the formation of water and a salt.For more such question on base
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Can you please help me with this!
which one is not one of the four most abundant elements in life?
How many seismograph stations are needed to use the S-P-method? Why?
a minimum of three seismograph stations are needed to find an earthquake's epicenter using the S-P time method.
Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. ... Knowing this helps them calculate the distance from the epicenter to each seismograph.
Explanation:
Balanced equation for CaPO4
Answer:
Ca3(PO4)2 = P2O5 + CaO - Chemical Equation Balancer.
Explanation:
Answer:
Ca3(PO4)2
Explanation:
differentiate between edible and non edible mushroom
Edible mushrooms: Consuming edible mushrooms is safe and provides health advantages like fiber, vitamins, and minerals.
Examples: Button mushrooms.Non-Edible mushrooms: Mushrooms that cannot be eaten could be harmful or have unappealing flavors and textures that could be harmful if consumed.
Examples: Death Cap.
What is the condensed structure formula of Pentyne (C5H8) ?
Answer:
Molecular Formula C5H8
Explanation:
PLS HELP I NEED ASAP
what is the slowest speed for an object to escape the gravitational attraction of a celestial body (planet, moon, etc.)?
Answer:
the escape velocity
Explanation:
To do this, your rock has to go very fast – more than 11 kilometers per second. This velocity is called the escape velocity, the speed an object must achieve in order to overcome the gravitational attraction of a celestial body (be it a planet, a star, or a galaxy) and escape into space
found it online, lol better then nothing
When the [CO2] and [H2CO3] are both horizontal lines, the rate of the forward reaction is
the rate of the reverse reaction
faster than
slower than
the same as
When \(CO_{2}\) and \(H_{2} CO_{3}\) are both horizontal lines, the rate of the forward reaction is the same as the rate of the reverse reaction. The reaction is occurring at equilibrium, with no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products over time.
When the concentration of carbon dioxide \(CO_{2}\) and the concentration of carbonic acid \(H_{2} CO_{3}\) are both horizontal lines, it indicates that their concentrations remain constant over time. In such a scenario, the rate of the forward reaction is the same as the rate of the reverse reaction. A horizontal line on a concentration-time graph suggests that the concentrations of the reactants and products are not changing, implying that the reaction has reached equilibrium. At equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction. This is a fundamental principle of chemical equilibrium, described by the principle of microscopic reversibility.
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why are the atoms of the group 8 elements unreactive??
Answer:
because that is the last group the ones before it are more reactive im sorry if this not what you were looking for.
he half-life of a radioactive substance is 21 years. If we begin with a sam substance, calculate the value of b to complete the model belo which gi sample remaining after t years. f(t)=85⋅(b) t
Enter your answer for b in the box below, rounded to three decimals.
The value of b in the equation \(\( f(t) = 85 \cdot b^t \)\) represents the decay factor of the radioactive substance. To determine the value of \( b \), we can use the information that the half-life of the substance is 21 years.
The half-life of a radioactive substance is the time it takes for half of the substance to decay. In this case, the half-life is 21 years, which means that after 21 years, the amount of the substance remaining will be half of the initial amount.
We can use this information to set up an equation:
\(\(\frac{1}{2} = b^{21}\)\)
To solve for b, we need to take the 21st root of both sides of the equation:
\(\(b = \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{\frac{1}{21}}\)\)
Using a calculator, we can evaluate this expression:
\(\(b \approx 0.965\)\)
Therefore, the value of b in the equation \(\( f(t) = 85 \cdot b^t \)\) is approximately 0.965.
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consider 80.5 g samples of two different compounds consisting of only carbon and oxygen. compound 1 consists of 22.0 g of carbon, and compound 2 has 34.5 g of carbon. determine the ratio in whole numbers of the masses of carbon that combine with 1.00 g of oxygen between the two compounds.
The ratio of the masses of carbon that combine with 1.00 g of oxygen between the two compounds is: 2.46, which we can round to 2.
To find the ratio of the masses of carbon that combine with 1.00 g of oxygen between the two compounds, we need to find the empirical formula for each compound.
First, find the number of moles of carbon in each compound:
Compound 1: 22.0 g C / 12.01 g/mol = 1.83 moles
Compound 2: 34.5 g C / 12.01 g/mol = 2.87 moles
Next, we need to find the ratio of moles of oxygen to moles of carbon for each compound. To do this, we need to find the molecular weight of each compound and divide it by the number of moles of carbon to find the number of moles of oxygen.
Compound 1: 80.5 g / (1.83 moles C) = 43.96 g/mol
Number of moles of O in compound 1: 43.96 g/mol / 16.00 g/mol = 2.75 moles
Compound 2: 80.5 g / (2.87 moles C) = 27.98 g/mol
Number of moles of O in compound 2: 27.98 g/mol / 16.00 g/mol = 1.75 moles
Finally, divide the moles of O in each compound by the moles of C in each compound to find the ratio of moles of O to moles of C:
Compound 1: 2.75 moles O / 1.83 moles C = 1.5
Compound 2: 1.75 moles O / 2.87 moles C = 0.61
So the ratio of the masses of carbon which
combine with 1.00 g of oxygen between the two compounds is:
1.5 / 0.61 = 2.46, which we can round to 2.
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Question 5
2 pts
Which regions did the Byzantine emperor Justinian conquer in an attempt to
revive the Roman Empire?
North Africa and Persia
North Africa and the Italian Peninsula
Persia and Egypt
Gaul and the British Isles
Answer:
I believe it's ... North Africa and the Italian Peninsula
The electrons are located where in the atom?
Answer:
The nucleus (center).
Explanation:
The atom contains the protons (positively charged) and the neutrons (no charge). The outermost regions of the atom are called electron shells and contain the electrons (negatively charged). Atoms have different properties based on the arrangement and number of their basic particles.
Hope this helped. :D
Draw the stracture of 2-bromo-4-chloro-3, 3-dimethylhex-1-ene
answer :
this is the structure if you want it
what is the molality of na+ ions in a 6.29% by mass na2co3 solution? the molar mass of sodium carbonate is 105.99 g/mol
The molality of Na⁺ ions in the 6.29% by mass Na₂CO₃ solution is 1.05 mol/kg.
Molality is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. In this case, the solute is Na₂CO₃ and the solvent is water.
First, we need to calculate the number of moles of Na₂CO₃ in 100 g of the solution:
Mass of Na₂CO₃ = 6.29 g
Moles of Na₂CO₃ = 6.29 g / 105.99 g/mol = 0.0593 mol
Next, we need to calculate the mass of water in 100 g of the solution:
Mass of water = 100 g - 6.29 g = 93.71 g
Finally, we can calculate the molality of Na⁺ ions:
Molality of Na⁺ ions = (0.0593 mol / 0.09371 kg) / 2 = 1.05 mol/kg
Note that we divided by 2 because Na₂CO₃ dissociates into two Na⁺ ions and one CO₃²⁻ ion.
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The nucleus of a typical atom is 5. 0 fm (1fm=10^-15m) in diameter. A very simple model of the nucleus is a one-dimensional box in which protons are confined. Estimate the energy of a proton in the nucleus by finding the first three allowed energies of a proton in a 5. 0 fm long box
Therefore, the estimated energies of a proton in a 5.0 fm long box are approximately:
E1 = 1.808 x 10^-13 J
E2 = 7.234 x 10^-13 J
E3 = 1.631 x 10^-12 J
The allowed energies of a particle in a one-dimensional box are given by:
E = (n^2 * h^2) / (8 * m * L^2)
Where:
E is the energy of the particle
n is the quantum number (1, 2, 3, ...)
h is the Planck's constant (approximately 6.626 x 10^-34 J*s)
m is the mass of the particle (mass of a proton = 1.673 x 10^-27 kg)
L is the length of the box (5.0 fm = 5.0 x 10^-15 m)
For n = 1:
E1 = (1^2 * (6.626 x 10^-34 J*s)^2) / (8 * (1.673 x 10^-27 kg) * (5.0 x 10^-15 m)^2)
For n = 2:
E2 = (2^2 * (6.626 x 10^-34 J*s)^2) / (8 * (1.673 x 10^-27 kg) * (5.0 x 10^-15 m)^2)
For n = 3:
E3 = (3^2 * (6.626 x 10^-34 J*s)^2) / (8 * (1.673 x 10^-27 kg) * (5.0 x 10^-15 m)^2)
Now we can calculate the values:
E1 ≈ 1.808 x 10^-13 J
E2 ≈ 7.234 x 10^-13 J
E3 ≈ 1.631 x 10^-12 J
Therefore, the estimated energies of a proton in a 5.0 fm long box are approximately:
E1 = 1.808 x 10^-13 J
E2 = 7.234 x 10^-13 J
E3 = 1.631 x 10^-12 J
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Formative Assessment 1:
Identify the P.E.N (Proton, Electron, and Neutron) number of the following elements:
Sodium (Na)
Chlorine (Ag)
Magnesium (Mg)
Oxygen (O)
Answer:
p-e-n
1- Na=11-11-12
2-Cl=17-17-29
3-Mg=12-12-12
4-O=8-8-8
Explanation:
chlorine is Cl
The PEN value for sodium, chlorine, magnesium, and oxygen is (11,11,12),(17,17,18),(12,12,12), (8,8,8) respectively
The atomic number(Z) is equal to the number of protons to equal to number of electrons.
The number of neutrons is equal to atomic mass minus the atomic number
n=A-Z
For Na, Z=11, p=e=11
The number of neutrons is 23-11=12
For Cl, Z=17, e=17
The number of neutrons is A-Z=35-17=18
For magnesium, Z=12, A=24
The number of neutrons is 24-12=12
For O, Z=8, p=e=8
The number of neutrons is 16-8=8
The atomic number is the basis of the periodic table.It is equal to the number of protons.The number of neutrons is atomic mass minus atomic number.To learn more about atomic number visit:
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i
need help for question b and c. tq
Question 2 (10 Marks) Figure 4 shows a steel plate specimen. Actual model FEA model Figure 2 (a) Comment on the mesh in FEA model shown in Figure 2. Then, highlight how you can improve the mesh. (Your
The mesh appears to be coarse with large element sizes, resulting in a lower level of detail and accuracy in the analysis.
To improve the mesh, several steps can be taken. Firstly, refining the mesh by reducing the size of the elements will provide a higher level of detail and accuracy. This can be done by increasing the number of elements in the areas of interest, such as around holes, corners, or regions with high stress gradients.
Secondly, using different element types, such as quadratic or higher-order elements, can enhance the mesh quality and capture more accurately the behavior of the steel plate. Lastly, performing a mesh sensitivity analysis, where the mesh is gradually refined and the results are compared, can help identify the appropriate mesh density required for the desired level of accuracy in the analysis. This coarse mesh may lead to inaccurate stress and strain predictions, especially in areas with complex geometry or high stress concentrations.
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What is the current theory about the formation of the solar system?
The solar system began as a cloud of dust and gas that condensed, forming a bulging middle and an outer disk. The bulging middle of the cloud became the sun, and the rest of the dust and gas formed the planets, orbiting the sun in the same plane.
A big bang occurred in the solar system as a result of a fusion reaction. All the matter in the solar system that had been clumped together was shattered and sent flying. As new pieces of matter connected, all the celestial bodies of the solar system were formed.
The area of the universe that was to become the solar system went through a period of vast expansion as a result of rapid radioactive decay that left behind clouds of dust and gases. The excess clouds and gases were used to form the various parts of the solar system.
About 14 billion years ago, several supernova events scattered all the known elements throughout the galaxy. The magnetic elements were attracted to each other and formed the early celestial bodies that eventually became the planets of the solar system.
Answer:
A big bang occurred in the solar system as a resultof a fusion reaction.All matter I the solar system had been clumped together was shattered and sent flying. As new pieces of matter connected, all the celestial bodies the solar system were formed