What name is given to substances in which atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined?

The ratio of effusion rates for the lightest gas H₂ to the heaviest known gas UF₆ is 13.21 to 1

Effusion is a process by which a gas escapes from its container through a tiny hole into evacuated space.

Rate of effusion ∝ 1/√Ц, (where Ц is molar mass)

Rate H₂ = 1/√ЦH₂

Rate UF₆ = 1/√ЦUF₆

Therefore, Rate H₂/ Rate UF₆ = √ЦH₂/√ЦUF₆

ЦH₂= 2.016 g/mol

ЦUF₆= 352.04 g/mol

Rate H₂ / Rate UF₆ = √352.04/√2.016 = 18.76/1.42

Rate H₂ / Rate UF₆ = 13.21

Therefore, H₂ is lower mass than UF₆. Thus H₂ gas will effuse 13 times more faster than UF₆ because the most probable speed of H₂ molecule is higher; therefore, more molecules escapes per unit time.

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Answer:

the answer is a.10

Explanation:

in(No/N) = kt

No = 80 mg

N = 10 mg

t = 30 min

solve for k, then

k = 0.693/t1/2

Substitute k from above and solve for t1/2

10 min is correct.

Radioactive element keeps on decaying over the time. Decay of radioactive element always comes under first order kinetics. The element's half-life of decay of 80mg of a radioactive element decays to 10 mg in 30 mins is 10.04 minutes. The correct option is option A.

Half life tells about the time at which the radioactive material decays to half of its initial concentration.

Mathematically, the initial and final amount of radioactive material can be connected as

ln(No/N) = kt

No =initial amount of radioactive decay= 80 mg

N = final amount of radioactive decay=10 mg

t =time taken to decay= 30 min

K= rate constant

ln( 80 mg/10 mg) = k×30 min

0.069min⁻=k

k = 0.693/half life

half life=10.04min

Therefore the element's half-life of decay of 80mg of a radioactive element decays to 10 mg in 30 mins is 10.04 minutes. The correct option is option A.

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1. wear safety goggles

2. add acid to water slowly

3. in a designated sharps container or a puncture-resistant container

4.  rinse the affected area with water for at least 20 minutes.

Safety measures to follow in chemistry laboratory:

  1. You should always wear safety goggles or eye protection when working in a laboratory to protect your eyes from chemical splashes or other hazards.

  2. It is important to add acid to water slowly while stirring constantly, never add water to acid, as this can cause a violent reaction and splash acid out of the container.

  3. Broken glass should be disposed of in a designated sharps container or a puncture-resistant container labeled for broken glass disposal.

  4. If you spill a chemical on your hand, you should immediately rinse the affected area with water for at least 20 minutes. If the chemical is corrosive, seek medical attention immediately. It is always recommended to review the specific chemical's safety data sheet (SDS) for proper handling and emergency procedures.

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Answer:

V₂ ≈416.7 mL

Explanation:

This question asks us to find the volume, given another volume and 2 temperatures in Kelvin. Based on this information, we must be using Charles's Law and the formula. Remember, his law states the volume of a gas is proportional to the temperature.

where V₁ and V₂ are the first and second volumes, and T₁ and T₂ are the first and second temperature.

The balloon has a volume of 600 milliliters and a temperature of 360 K, but the temperature then drops to 250 K. So,

Substitute the values into the formula.

Since we are solving for the second volume when the temperature is 250 K, we have to isolate the variable V₂. It is being divided by 250 K. The inverse o division is multiplication, so we multiply both sides by 250 K.

The units of Kelvin cancel, so we are left with the units of mL.

Let's round to the nearest tenth. The 6 in the hundredth place tells us to round to 6 to a 7.

The volume of the balloon at 250 K is approximately 416.7 milliliters.

All of the following are significant computer-related concerns that the Bureau of Consumer Protection (BCP) addresses, with the exception of how to increase the number of "cookies".

What is a consumer ?

Consumers are those who buy products for their own needs and utilise or consume them.

Product liability, privacy rights, unfair business practises, fraud, misrepresentation, and other consumer/company interactions are only a few of the many themes covered by consumer protection. Although a customer cannot resell the good, product, or service, he or she may use it to support himself or herself and engage in self-employment.

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Ammonia is the liquid that is most miscible with water.

Out of the given options, ammonia is the liquid that is most miscible with water. Miscibility is the ability of two liquids to mix together without separating into layers. It is measured on a scale from complete immiscibility to complete miscibility.

When two liquids are miscible, they dissolve in each other in any proportion forming a homogeneous solution. In the case of ammonia, it is highly miscible with water due to the presence of a hydrogen bond between the nitrogen of ammonia and the hydrogen of water.

This leads to the formation of a strong intermolecular force between them, making ammonia soluble in water. Mercury is the least miscible with water since mercury is an elemental metal, and water is a polar solvent. Benzene and hexane are also non-polar liquids, and since water is polar, they are not miscible with water.

Bromine is slightly soluble in water, but its solubility decreases with temperature.

Therefore, ammonia is the liquid that is most miscible with water.

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Answer:

Natural Cycles

Explanation:

Most sulfur oxides are produced by burning: coal

Air pollution particles may be removed by _____. rain snow wind natural cycles

The three primary sources of air pollution are _____. factories cars electric power plants

The two basic types of air pollutants are _____. gases particulates

May I get brainliest please?

Answer:

The answer is B.

Explanation:

Heat is not transferred.

The final pressure in the vessel is 23.5 atm. To solve this problem, we can use the ideal gas law to relate the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of gas.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between PCl₃ and O₂ to form POCl₃ is:

4 PCl₃(g) + 3 O₂(g) → 4 POCl₃(g)

We can calculate the number of moles of PCl3 and O2 using their masses and molar masses:

n(PCl₃) = 20.5 g / 137.33 g/mol = 0.1492 mol

n(O₂) = 3.20 g / 32.00 g/mol = 0.1000 mol

At 15.0 °C, the initial pressure in the vessel can be calculated using the ideal gas law:

PV = nRT

P = nRT/V = (0.1492 + 0.1000) mol × 8.314 J/(mol·K) × (15.0 + 273.15) K / 5.90 L = 4.07 atm

At 220 °C, the final pressure can be calculated in the same way, using the total number of moles of gas after the reaction has gone to completion. From the balanced equation, we see that 4 moles of gas are produced for every 4 moles of PCl3 and 3 moles of O2 that react:

n(total) = 4 × 0.1492 mol + 4 × 3/4 × 0.1000 mol = 0.7968 mol

P = nRT/V = 0.7968 mol × 8.314 J/(mol·K) × (220 + 273.15) K / 5.90 L = 23.5 atm

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Answers:

There's many factors, such as the temperature, rainfall, food available, and the surrounding terrain, that all can effect an animal's characteristics.

Answer:

“GMOs have helped farmers reduce their environmental footprint by allowing them to use fewer inputs and enabling a shift to reduced tillage. These practices have led to less time spent on a tractor, less fuel used and fewer emissions.

Hope this helps!!!

Vapour pressure is related to the evaporation and condensation of a liquid. Before we can explain what vapor pressure is, we need to first understand what evaporation and condensation mean.

All liquids have the tendency to evaporate and this evaporation occurs at the surface of a liquid. The liquid has an intermolecular force of attraction and when the kinetic energy of the liquid molecules overcomes this force of attraction, the molecules of the liquid began to escape to the surface. This is called evaporation.

Also in a closed container, the gas molecules possess random motion. During this motion, the molecules begin to collide with the wall of the container, lose energy, and then return back to the liquid. This is known as condensation.

This evaporation and condensation is a continuous process and equilibrium is reached after some time i.e the number of molecules leaving the liquid will be equal to the molecules leaving.

When equilibrium is reached between the liquid and the vapor, the pressure exerted on the surface of the liquid at this point is known as the VAPOR PRESSURE

For instance, ice changes state to form a liquid (water), and this water evaporates at 100 degrees Celcius to form a vapor. The pressure exerted by this water vapor on the surface of the water is the vapor pressure.

The intermolecular forces are in the solid NaCl salt is ion - ion forces or the dipole - dipole forces of the interaction.

The Na is the metal and is capable of the donating the electrons and the Cl is the non metal and have capability of accepting the electrons. This makes the Na to form the cation and the Cl to make the anion. The dipole - dipole forces are present in the molecule which contains the oppositely charged ions one is positively charged ion and the other is the negatively charged ion.

Thus , the NaCl solid has the ion - ion intermolecular forces of the interaction .

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Atoms fuse, increasing the average size atomic nuclei  accurately describes the process stars use to convert matter into energy .option (b)

In physics, energy (from the Ancient Greek v (enérgeia) 'activity') is a quantitative characteristic that is transmitted to a body or a physical system and is visible in the execution of labor as well as in the shape of heat and light. The rule of conservation of energy says that energy can be converted in shape but cannot be produced or destroyed. The joule is the International System of Units (SI) unit of measurement for energy. (J).

The kinetic energy of a moving object, the potential energy stored by an object (for example, due to its position in a field), the elastic energy stored in a solid object, chemical energy associated with chemical reactions, radiant energy carried by electromagnetic radiation, and internal energy contained within a thermodynamic system are all examples of common forms of energy

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a. To plot the k emission intensity vs. the concentration of k, we can use the given data for the standard solutions of NaCl.

The concentration of K can be expressed in parts per million (ppm) and the corresponding intensity values can be plotted on a graph. Using regression analysis, we can determine the linearity of the data. The resulting graph should show a linear relationship between concentration and intensity.

b. To plot the ratio of the k intensity to the li intensity vs. the concentration of k, we can divide the intensity of K by the intensity of Li for each standard solution and the unknown.

The resulting values can be plotted against the concentration of K. The linearity of this graph can also be determined using regression analysis. The internal standard improves linearity because it helps to correct for any variations in sample handling and instrument response, resulting in more accurate and precise measurements.

c. To calculate the concentration of K in the unknown, we can use the ratio of the intensity of K to Li and the calibration curve obtained from the standard solutions.

From the graph in part (b), we can determine the concentration of K in the unknown by finding its corresponding value on the x-axis. Alternatively, we can use the regression equation obtained from part (a) to calculate the concentration of K in the unknown based on its measured intensity.

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Answer:

Gems are natural material, metals are man-made materials!

Explanation:

Minerals occur naturally in the earth's crust and are defined as inorganic solids that have characteristic chemical composition and crystalline structures. ... A gemstone or gem is a piece of mineral crystal, which, in cut and polished form, is used to make jewelry or other adornments.

The explanation regarding the gems contains the various properties as compared to the metals should be described below:

In this way, it should be explained.

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In the distillation of a pure material, all of the pure material not vaporize once the boiling point is reached because more heat would need to be added to the distillate in order to vaporize the liquid from its boiling point.

During distillation, the process of vaporizing a liquid and collecting the resulting vapor as a purified substance, it is important to consider the energy requirements involved.

When a liquid reaches its boiling point, it undergoes a phase change from the liquid phase to the gas phase. This phase change requires the input of energy in the form of heat. The heat breaks the intermolecular forces holding the liquid molecules together, allowing them to transition into the gas phase.

The heat required to vaporize a liquid is not solely determined by the boiling point. The heat required to convert a liquid into a gas is known as the heat of vaporization, and it varies depending on the substance.

When distilling a liquid, such as water, the heat of vaporization must be supplied to convert the liquid into vapor. This energy is absorbed by the liquid, and it is essential to provide continuous heating to maintain the distillation process.

As the liquid is heated and reaches its boiling point, vaporization begins. However, the rate at which the liquid vaporizes depends on the amount of heat being supplied. If the heat input is insufficient, the vaporization process will be slower, and not all of the liquid will vaporize at once.

To ensure the complete vaporization of a liquid during distillation, a sufficient amount of heat must be continuously applied to the system. This allows the heat of vaporization to be continually supplied to the liquid, facilitating the conversion of the entire liquid into vapor.

If the heat input is insufficient, the vaporization process will be slower, and the liquid may not vaporize all at once. Providing adequate and continuous heating is crucial to ensure the complete conversion of the liquid into vapor during distillation.

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Answer:

#1=Heterogenous

#2=Homogenous

#3=Heterogenous

#4= Heterogenous

#5= Homogenous

#6=Homogenous

#7= Heterogenous

#8=Heterogenous

#9=Homogenous

Answer: The reaction that occurs at anode is \(Zn(s)\rightarrow Zn^{2+}(aq.)+2e^-\)

Explanation:

Given : \(E^o_{Zn^{2+}/Zn}=-0.76V\)

\(E^o_{Cu^{2+}/Cu}=+0.34V\)

The substance having highest positive reduction potential will always get reduced and will undergo reduction reaction. Here, copper will undergo reduction reaction will get reduced.

The substance having highest negative reduction potential will always get oxidised and will undergo oxidation reaction. Here, zinc will undergo oxidation reaction will get oxidised.

Oxidation reaction occurs at anode and reduction reaction occurs at cathode.

Oxidation half reaction (anode) : \(Zn(s)\rightarrow Zn^{2+}(aq.)+2e^-\)

Reduction half reaction (cathode) : \(Cu^{2+}(aq.)+2e^-\rightarrow Cu(s)\)

Answer:

A co-transported molecule travels down an electrochemical gradient in either direction.

The coupled transport allows a molecule to be transported against the electrochemical gradient as Co-transported molecules can move in either direction along an electrochemical gradient. This is further explained below.

Generally, coupled transport is simply defined as the simultaneous passage of two substances over a biological membrane.

In conclusion, Because molecules that are co-carried can travel in either way along an electrochemical gradient, linked transport enables molecules to be transported in the opposite direction of the electrochemical gradient.

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Answer:

1.7x10g per 100cc

Explanation:

The solubility product of Caf, at 25 °C is about X x 10-11 mol/L.

Effusion can be defined as the leakage of gas molecules from a container through a tiny hole.

Effusion is one of the important physical properties of gases. It is defined as the process in which gas molecules pass through a tiny hole from one compartment to another. Effusion is based on Graham's law which states that "the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular mass or weight. "This law was proposed by Thomas Graham in 1846. It states that the effusion rate of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.

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The definition of effusion is the leakage of gas molecules from a container through a tiny hole.

Effusion refers to the process by which a gas flows through a tiny hole in a container into an area of lower pressure. The rate of effusion can be influenced by factors such as the size of the hole, the mass of the gas molecules, and the temperature of the gas. In effusion, the gas molecules move from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure.

The rate of effusion is influenced by several factors, including the size of the hole, the mass of the gas molecules, and the temperature of the gas. The rate of effusion is directly proportional to the average velocity of the gas particles. Therefore, lighter molecules will effuse faster than heavier molecules. The average distance travelled by a particle between collisions is called mean free path while the spreading of gas molecules through space is called diffusion. Therefore, the answer to the question is "the leakage of gas molecules from a container through a tiny hole."

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Answer:

Group 16 elements tend to form two covalent bonds because they have six valence electrons and need two more to have eight. Oxygen is a group 16 element, and it can gain the same electron configuration as neon if it makes two covalent bonds. It tends to form either two single covalent bonds or one double covalent bond.

Answer:

I don't know about the rest but A is heptane

The standard free energy change in kJ for the reaction 2Fe³⁺(aq) + Pb(s) → 2Fe²⁺(aq) + Pb²⁺(aq) is 128.8 kJ.

To determine the standard free energy change in kJ for the reaction 2Fe³⁺(aq) + Pb(s) → 2Fe²⁺(aq) + Pb²⁺(aq), we must follow these steps.

1. The given redox reaction can be represented as 2Fe³⁺(aq) + Pb(s) → 2Fe²⁺(aq) + Pb²⁺(aq)

2. The half-reactions can be represented as:

Fe³⁺(aq) + e⁻ → Fe²⁺(aq) ..... (Reduction)

Pb²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Pb(s) ........ (Oxidation)

For Fe³⁺ → Fe²⁺, E° = +0.77 V

Pb²⁺ → Pb, E° = -0.13 V

On reversing the oxidation reaction, the standard reduction potential value also changes in sign.

2Pb(s) → 2Pb²⁺(aq) + 4e⁻ ..... (Reverse of oxidation)

Pb²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ → Pb(s) .......... (Oxidation)

Here, the standard reduction potential value is: -[-0.13] V = +0.13 V

Using the Nernst equation:

Ecell = E°cell - (0.0592/n) log(Q)

In standard conditions, the reaction quotient Q = 1.

Ecell = E°cell - (0.0592/n) log(1)

Ecell = E°cell

At equilibrium, ΔG = -nFE = -nFE°cell

Using the values in the equation,

-nFE°cell = -2 × 96500 × (0.77 - 0.13) joules

Dividing by 1000 to convert the value into kJ:

nFE°cell = 128.8 kJ

Thus, the standard free energy change in kJ for the given reaction is 128.8 kJ.

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The third law of thermodynamics describes the entropy of a: solid.

The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a pure crystalline substance approaches zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero (0 Kelvin or -273.15 degrees Celsius). This law implies that at absolute zero, a perfectly ordered and pure crystalline solid will have zero entropy.

The third law of thermodynamics is not specific to liquids or gases but applies to solids. In a solid, the molecules are highly ordered and have fixed positions in a regular lattice structure. As the temperature decreases towards absolute zero, the thermal motion of the molecules reduces, and the system becomes more ordered, resulting in a decrease in entropy.

In contrast, liquids and gases have higher entropy compared to solids at absolute zero because their molecules have more freedom of movement and are not as tightly arranged. Therefore, the third law of thermodynamics specifically addresses the entropy of solids and does not apply to liquids or gases.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Decomposition reaction, also known as analysis or dissociation, is a type of chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances or elements. In this reaction, a single reactant undergoes a chemical change and produces two or more products.

The decomposition reaction can be represented by the general equation:

AB → A + B

Where AB is the reactant, and A and B are the products. The reactant AB is usually a compound, and it breaks down into its constituent elements or simpler compounds.

There are different types of decomposition reactions, including:

Thermal decomposition: It occurs when a compound is heated, resulting in its decomposition into simpler substances. For example, the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) produces calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO2):

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

Electrolytic decomposition: It takes place when an electric current is passed through an electrolyte, causing it to break down into its component ions. For instance, the electrolysis of water (H2O) leads to the decomposition into hydrogen gas (H2) and oxygen gas (O2):

2H2O → 2H2 + O2

Photochemical decomposition: It occurs when a compound undergoes decomposition due to exposure to light energy. Chlorine gas (Cl2) can decompose into chlorine atoms (Cl) under the influence of light:

Cl2 → 2Cl

These are just a few examples of decomposition reactions. They are important in various chemical processes and are used in industries, laboratory experiments, and natural phenomena. By understanding and controlling decomposition reactions, scientists can gain insights into the behavior of different compounds and develop practical applications in fields such as chemistry, materials science, and environmental science.

Answer:

Explanation:

reaction in which a compound breaks down into simpler substances or elements