What is true of spontaneous reactions?
O They are indicated by a negative change in Gibbs free energy.
O They have a positive value of AS.
O They are instantaneous.
O They always release heat.

Help 20pts

Answer:

B. Zinc burns in the air.

Explanation:

A chemical property of an element is known as the property of that specific element that is apparent or visible when the element has gone through a chemical reaction with other substances or elements under investigation.

In this case, the correct answer is option B which is " Zinc burns in the air" because it shows zinc to react chemically with air which then changes its properties.

The others are just physical properties of zinc

For an electron as a particle, E = \(1/2mv^2\)

For an electron as a particle, the energy E can be described using the equation:

E =  \(1/2mv^2\)

where

This equation represents the kinetic energy of the electron, which is the E is the energy

energy associated with its motion.

This equation assumes classical mechanics and does not take into account relativistic effects that become significant at high speeds close to the speed of light.

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In general, if you double the temperature you double the reaction rate. However, this does not mean the activation energy is cut in half

Answer:

Fluorite

What is Fluorite? Fluorite is an important industrial mineral composed of calcium and fluorine (CaF2). It is used in a wide variety of chemical, metallurgical, and ceramic processes

Answer:

2.4 H\(x^{2}\)

Explanation:

The evidence collected in the activity suggests that burning food outside the body is a form of oxidation, which is a reaction between food and oxygen inside the body. This reaction is responsible for the production of energy and the release of waste products.

Answer:

Mendeleev had left the noble gases out of his periodic table.

Explanation:

Mendeleev's periodic table is pictured in the image attached to the question.

Mendeleev's table obviously lacked the noble gases. The reason for this grave omission is simple; the noble gases were not known as at the time when he formulated his periodic table. There weren't any known elements  whose properties were similar to the  properties of the noble gases. This would have lead him to suspect their existence.

Answer:

∴ No. of atoms in 0.01 moles of NaOH = 6.02×10

23

×0.01=6.02×10

21

The final temperature of the water is: T_final = 45.0°C

We can use the formula for the specific heat capacity of the water to solve this problem:

q = mcΔT

First, we can calculate the initial energy of the water:

q = mcΔT

q = (10.0 g) (4.184 J/g°C) (25.0°C)

q = 1,046 J

Next, we can calculate the final temperature after absorbing 840 J:

q = mcΔT

840 J = (10.0 g) (4.184 J/g°C) (ΔT)

ΔT = 20.0°C

Therefore, the final temperature of the water is:

T_final = T_initial + ΔT

T_final = 25.0°C + 20.0°C

T_final = 45.0°C

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Answer:

Random samples

Explanation:

It needs to be random so that there isn't bias that would skew the consistency

Scientific evidence is most likely to be consistent if it is based on the data from small data samples.

What is scientific evidence ?

The informations gathered through scientific researches are called scientific evidences. Through systematic analysis, a student or sceintist arrive at a valuable information.

Sampling is a significant step in scientific research, there must not be any bias and proper way has to be designed to collect data samples. If we use random sampling , the the researcher might not approach the better way of experimentation. Similarly experiments and assumption made based on bias will leads to systematic error. Only controlled and well-designed experiments results in good outcomes.

Hence, option D , that is to use small data samples make scientific evidence to be consistent.

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"All matter is made of tiny particles called atoms" is considered a scientific theory. Therefore the correct option is (B)

A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of a natural phenomenon that has been repeatedly tested and confirmed through observation, experimentation, and data analysis.

From the statements in the question above, we can see that Option (B)  is a well-established and widely accepted explanation of a natural phenomenon that has been extensively tested through observation and experimentation.

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Explanation:

A nitrogen-containing compound that shows no absorption band at around 3400 cm^−1 and no absorption bands between approximately 1700 cm^−1 and 1600 cm^−1 is likely an amide compound.

Amides typically exhibit a characteristic absorption band in the region of 3200-3500 cm^−1 due to the N-H stretching vibration. The absence of this absorption band suggests the absence of N-H bonds, which rules out compounds like primary or secondary amines.

The absence of absorption bands between 1700 cm^−1 and 1600 cm^−1 eliminates functional groups such as carbonyl compounds (e.g., aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters) and imines, which typically exhibit absorption in this region.

Therefore, based on the given information, it can be inferred that the compound is likely not an amine, carbonyl compound, or imine. Other classes of compounds that do not possess these characteristic absorption bands would need to be considered.

The pressure of a gas inside a balloon filled with 0.8450 mol of gas at 315.00K is 1.374atm.

The pressure of a gas can be calculated by using the following formula:

PV = nRT

Where;

According to this question, a 15.9L balloon is filled with 0.8450 mol of gas at 315.00 K. The pressure is calculated as follows:

P × 15.9 = 0.8450 × 0.0821 × 315

15.9P = 21.85

P = 1.374atm

Therefore, the pressure of a gas inside a balloon filled with 0.8450 mol of gas at 315.00K is 1.374atm.

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Option b is the correct answer. Nucleic acid is a type of biochemical is shown in this illustration.

The representation gave is an improved on variant of the design of a nucleotide, which is a structure block of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. The nucleotide comprises of three parts: a sugar particle (displayed in the representation as CH2OH), a nitrogenous base (not displayed in this delineation), and a phosphate bunch (displayed in the representation as - O-P=O). The phosphate bunch is adversely charged and can shape hydrogen bonds with different nucleotides to make the foundation of the nucleic corrosive strand. The plan of nucleotides and the arrangement of the nitrogenous bases decide the hereditary code and capability of the nucleic corrosive.

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Answer:

true

Explanation:

After ice melts into liquid water, you can refreeze it into solid ice if the temperature drops. Freezing and melting are physical changes. The substances produced during chemical changes however cannot easily change back into the original substances.

The sulfuric acid is the limiting reactant and the mass of the product obtained is 127.8 g.

We know that the term limiting reactant is the reactant that is present in the least amount. We can know this from the equation of the reaction. We know that the equation of the reaction is written as; \(Ca(s) + H_{2} SO_{4} (aq) ----- > CaSO_{4}(s) + H_{2} (g)\).

Number of  moles of sulfuric acid = 92.0 grams /98 g/mol = 0.94 moles

Number of moles of calcium =  43.2 g/40 g/mol = 1.08 moles

Given that the reaction is 1:1, the limiting reactant is the sulfuric acid.

If 1 mole of sulfuric acid  reacts with  1 mole of calcium

0.94 moles of  sulfuric acid  reacts with 0.94 moles * 1 mole/1mole

= 0.94 moles of calcium sulfate

Mass of the calcium sulfate = 0.94 moles  * 136 g/mol

= 127.8 g

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Answer:

Option B. Heptane

Explanation:

To obtain the parent name of the above compound, all we need to do is to locate the longest continuous carbon chain.

The longest continuous carbon chain of the above compound is 7.

Next, we shall also consider the chain if there is any double or triple bond.

From the diagram given above, no double or triple bond is present.

Finally, the parent name of the compound is heptane since the longest continuous carbon chain is 7 and no double or triple bond is present in the compound.

In the J = 0 state, the BrF molecule does not undergo any revolutions per second. In the J = 1 state, it undergoes approximately 0.498 revolutions per second, and in the J = 10 state, it undergoes approximately 15.71 revolutions per second.

To calculate the rotational constant B, we can use the formula:

B = 1 / (2 * π * Δν)

Where:

B = rotational constant

Δν = spacing between consecutive lines in the rotational spectrum

Given that the spacing between consecutive lines is 0.71433 cm^(-1), we can substitute this value into the formula:

B = 1 / (2 * π * 0.71433 cm^(-1))

B ≈ 0.079 cm^(-1)

The moment of inertia (I) of the molecule can be calculated using the formula:

I = h / (8 * π^2 * B)

Where:

h = Planck's constant

Given that the value of Planck's constant (h) is approximately 6.626 x 10^(-34) J·s, we can substitute the values into the formula:

I = (6.626 x 10^(-34) J·s) / (8 * π^2 * 0.079 cm^(-1))

I ≈ 2.11 x 10^(-46) kg·m^2

The bond length (r) of the molecule can be determined using the formula:

r = sqrt((h / (4 * π^2 * μ * B)) - r_e^2)

Where:

μ = reduced mass of the molecule

r_e = equilibrium bond length

To calculate the wavenumber (ν) of the J = 9+ to J = 10 transition, we can use the formula:

ν = 2 * B * (J + 1)

Substituting J = 9 into the formula, we get:

ν = 2 * 0.079 cm^(-1) * (9 + 1)

ν ≈ 1.58 cm^(-1)

To determine the most intense spectral line at room temperature (300 K), we can use the Boltzmann distribution law. The intensity (I) of a spectral line is proportional to the population of the corresponding rotational level:

I ∝ exp(-E / (k * T))

Where:

E = energy difference between the levels

k = Boltzmann constant

T = temperature in Kelvin

At room temperature (300 K), the population distribution decreases rapidly with increasing energy difference. Therefore, the transition with the lowest energy difference will have the most intense spectral line. In this case, the transition from J = 0 to J = 1 will have the most intense spectral line.

To calculate the number of revolutions per second, we can use the formula:

ω = 2 * π * B * J

Where:

ω = angular frequency (in radians per second)

J = rotational quantum number

For J = 0:

ω = 2 * π * 0.079 cm^(-1) * 0 = 0 rad/s

For J = 1:

ω = 2 * π * 0.079 cm^(-1) * 1 ≈ 0.498 rad/s

For J = 10:

ω = 2 * π * 0.079 cm^(-1) * 10 ≈ 15.71 rad/s

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Explanation:

c realsed from the galaxie

Answer:

C

Explanation:

A P E X

Answer:

Explanation:

The mass of a substance when given the density and volume can be found by using the formula

From the question

density of rock = 1.36 g/mL

volume = final volume of water - initial volume of water

volume = 21.3 - 16.8 = 4.5 mL

The mass of the rock is

mass = 1.36 × 4.5

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

Digital road maps are different from paper and road maps in that they allow users to plan routes before a trip, they can be used anywhere in the world, and they can be updated almost immediately. They also show both major and minor roads in a region.

Digital road maps are a type of digital map that is based on GIS data. This data is collected from various sources and is used to create a detailed representation of the real world.  The digital road map allows the user to zoom in and out and to see different levels of detail, depending on their needs. They also allow the user to search for specific locations, find directions, and plan routes before they begin their trip.

On the other hand, paper maps are usually printed on paper and can be difficult to read in low light conditions. They are also limited in the amount of detail that they can show, and they may not always be up-to-date.

Road maps, on the other hand, are a type of map that shows roads and highways in a region. They may include some additional features such as rest areas, gas stations, and other points of interest. Road maps are typically printed on paper and are often used for navigation while driving. They are not as detailed as digital road maps, and they can quickly become outdated as new roads are built.

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T=41+273=314 k

M=(12)+(16×2)=44g/mol

d=PM/RT

d=685×44/0.0821×314

d=1169.15 g/L

Steel is produced from pig iron through a process known as steelmaking or iron and steel production.

The pig iron obtained from the blast furnace contains high amounts of carbon, impurities, and other elements. To convert pig iron into steel, the carbon content needs to be reduced to desired levels, and impurities must be removed.One common method of steelmaking is the basic oxygen process (BOP). In this process, pig iron is placed in a vessel called a converter, where oxygen is blown through the molten metal. The oxygen reacts with the carbon and impurities, causing them to oxidize and form gases that are released. Alloying elements and desired additives can be added at this stage to achieve specific steel properties. Another method is the electric arc furnace (EAF), where an electric arc is used to heat and melt the pig iron, allowing impurities to be oxidized and removed.The advantages of using steel are numerous. Steel is strong, durable, and versatile, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. It has high tensile strength, which means it can withstand heavy loads and pressures. Steel is also resistant to corrosion, making it ideal for construction, infrastructure, and transportation projects. It is a recyclable material, contributing to sustainability and reducing environmental impact. Additionally, steel can be fabricated into various shapes and sizes, allowing for customization and flexibility in design.References:

A. Ghosh and A. Chatterjee, Ironmaking and Steelmaking: Theory and Practice, PHI Learning, 2008.

R.H. Tupkary and V.R. Tupkary, An Introduction to Modern Iron Making, Khanna Publishers, 2010.

J.R. Davis, ed., ASM Specialty Handbook: Carbon and Alloy Steels, ASM International, 1995.

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A polarimeter fundamental working principle entails the following: By passing light via a polarizer, one can produce light with a precisely prepared linear polarisation state.

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According to the question, Equivalent volume of any gas at STP is 22.4 litre. So, Equivalent volume of hydrogen, will be 22.4 litre. ​Equivalent wt. of metal= 0.025gm

Hydrogen may be utilized to heat our dwellings and places of business in addition to powering vehicles and producing electricity. To reach net zero, it will be crucial to reduce our carbon emissions significantly.

The majority of stars and the sun include it, and the planetary Jupiter is primarily made of it. Less than consistent with similar per million per volume is all that is found when it is a gas present in the air.

​Equivalent wt. of metal/Weight of metal =moles of  \(H_{2}\) ×valency factor

​Equivalent wt. of metal/ 1.017 g = (0.28 L/22.4 L) ×2

​Equivalent wt. of metal= 0.025gm

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Answer:

HI is the Arrhenius acid

CsOH is the Arrhenius base

Explanation:

Acid-Base reactions are reactions that involve the transfer of protons.

Arrenhius Acids

Arrenhius acids are molecules that have an H⁺ ion. In an acid-base reaction, the acid will donate the H⁺ ion to the base. The molecule HI (called hydroiodic acid) is the acid because it has an H⁺ ion. Note that an H⁺ ion is simply a proton because it has no electrons or protons.

H₂O can also be considered an Arrhenius acid because it does have an H⁺ ion, but it is a very weak acid.

Arrenhius Bases

Arrhenius bases are molecules that have an OH⁻ ion. In an acid-base reaction, the base will accept an H⁺ ion. The molecule CsOH (called cesium hydroxide) is the base because it has an OH⁻ ion. The OH⁻ ion is one of the most common polyatomic ions and is called hydroxide.

H₂O can also be considered an Arrhenius base because it has an OH⁻ ion. However, it is a weak base. Still, water is very important to acid-base reactions because it can be either an acid or a base.

In the reaction HI + CsOH + H2O, HI is the Arrhenius acid and CsOH is the Arrhenius base.

In the given reaction HI + CsOH + H2O, HI is the Arrhenius acid and CsOH is the Arrhenius base. In the Arrhenius theory of acids and bases, an acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution, while a base is a substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solution. HI can dissociate in water to produce H+ ions, making it an acid. CsOH can dissociate in water to produce OH- ions, making it a base.

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The Sun-Earth-Moon system is important because it sustains life on Earth, regulates Earth's climate, and influences natural phenomena like tides.

The Sun-Earth-Moon system plays a vital role in supporting and sustaining life on Earth. The Sun is the primary source of energy for our planet, providing heat and light necessary for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into food and oxygen. Sunlight is also crucial for maintaining Earth's temperature and driving weather patterns.

The Moon, as Earth's only natural satellite, contributes to several essential functions. Its gravitational pull creates the tides, which influence coastal ecosystems and shape coastal landscapes.

The Moon's orbit also stabilizes Earth's axial tilt, providing a stable climate for life to thrive. Additionally, the Moon's phases have cultural and historical significance, influencing human activities such as agriculture, navigation, and calendar systems.

The Sun-Earth-Moon system's interactions are responsible for natural phenomena like eclipses, both solar and lunar, which have fascinated humans throughout history and continue to be important for scientific study and exploration.

Understanding these celestial events enhances our knowledge of astrophysics and helps us comprehend the vastness and complexity of the universe.

Furthermore, the study of the Sun-Earth-Moon system provides insights into celestial mechanics, orbital dynamics, and the broader field of planetary science. By examining the interplay between these celestial bodies, scientists can gain a deeper understanding of Earth's place in the universe and explore potential habitable conditions on other celestial bodies.

Overall, the Sun-Earth-Moon system is of immense importance as it sustains life, regulates climate, influences natural phenomena, and provides a platform for scientific exploration and discovery.

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Answer:

B.K2(OH)2 i think that is the answer

Answer:

They all contain sone hydrogen atoms.

Explanation:

H is hydrogen doi

Nuetrons, Electrons, and Protons.