What is the role for dna in determining an organisms traits?

Answer: Competitive athletes at all levels – and even those who are in it for personal health – are driven by the Olympic motto Citius, Altius, Fortius – faster, higher stronger. The big question is how do they get there?

Explanation: The class is looking at these issues through a variety of eras in sports history from the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 to the Winter Olympic Games taking place this month in Pyeongchang, South Korea. “There are times when (illegal performance enhancement) has crept into the Olympics,” Roerdink said, citing the current ban handed down in December to Russian athletes accused of doping. Athletes with no previous drug violations were allowed to compete under the neutral “Olympic Athlete from Russia” flag. The class also will study Major League Baseball’s steroid era and examine the East German sports machine of the 1970s, among other timely topics. “I really wanted to share my passion for unique sporting events where we see the spotlight on the people who represent us, their passion, even the political bent to it, and figure out how chemistry comes into it,” Roerdink said. “The ultimate goal of the course is a better appreciation of doing sports for the sport of it.”

Note: I know that this is a long answer, so sorry, and this is the help from me. (Hope this helps you)

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The heat of reaction for the combustion of 150.0 g of octane is - 7,118.407 kJ.

The term "combustion" refers to a chemical reaction that takes place between two or more substances. This reaction almost always involves the presence of oxygen and is typically followed by the production of heat and light in the form of a flame.

The rate or speed at which the reactants combine is high, in part due to the nature of the chemical reaction itself, and in part due to the increased energy that is created as a result of the reaction.

The chemical formula for octane combustion can be expressed as

C8H18 + 12.5 O2 → 8 CO2 + 9 H2O.

The heat of reaction for the combustion of octane, according to the given equation, is - 5,437 kJ/mol.

To calculate the heat of reaction for 150.0 g of octane, we need to utilize the following steps:

Step 1: Calculation of moles of octane (C8H18)

Molar mass of octane = 114.33 g/mol.

Moles of octane = (150.0 g) / (114.33 g/mol) = 1.311 mol

Step 2: Calculation of Heat of reaction

The heat of reaction is - 5,437 kJ/mol.

Heat of reaction for 150.0 g of octane = (- 5,437 kJ/mol) x (1.311 mol) = - 7,118.407 kJ.

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Record the 30 mL on the intake and output record. The nurse should document the amount of normal saline instilled into the intestinal tube on the intake and output record to accurately monitor fluid balance.

Subtracting the 30 mL from the gastric output or considering it as insensible losses would not provide an accurate picture of the patient's fluid status. Additionally, even small amounts of fluids should be documented on the intake and output record
The nurse should proceed by choosing option b. Record the 30 mL on the intake and output record.
This is because the normal saline instilled into the intestinal tube is considered part of the patient's intake, and it is important to accurately document both intake and output for a proper assessment of the patient's fluid balance.

Initial emergency department (ED) treatment of small-bowel obstruction (SBO) consists of aggressive fluid resuscitation, bowel decompression, administration of analgesia and antiemetic as indicated clinically, early surgical consultation, and administration of antibiotics.

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Answer: a for the first one , d for the second  one, b for the third one.

Explanation:

Answer:

A: Main sequence star.

B: White Dwarf.

C: Black hole.

Explanation:

Brainliest please.

Answer:

25.56066

Explanation:

hope this helps !!!!!!! and sorry if it doesn't help

Answer:

The answer is C) 0.0300 mol

Explanation:

First you need to get the total amount of moles is dissolved in the solution. This can be obtained doing the following:

Molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution

moles of solute = molarity x liters of solution

First, the volume has to be in liters, then :

100. ml x (1 L / 1000 mL) = 0.100 L

(We then substitute)

moles of solute = 0.100 mol/L x 0.1 L = 0.0100 mol of solute (In this case Na3PO4)

Having the moles of the solute, we now need to find how many moles of Na+ ions are there.

We need the conversion factor of 3 Na+ moles per 1 mole of Na3PO4

We then find the amount of moles doing as follows:

0.0100 mol Na3PO4 x (3 mol Na+ / 1 mol Na3PO4) = 0.0300 mol Na+.

The number of moles of \(Na^+\) are 0.0300 and further calculation can be defined as follows:

Given that:

Molarity of \(Na_3PO_4\) = 0.100 M

Volume of a solution = 100. mL

To find:

Moles of \(Na^+\) ions

Formula used to calculate the number of moles when molarity is given is:

\(\text{Molarity of solution}=\frac{\text{Moles of solute}\times 1000}{\text{Volume of solution (mL)}}\)

Put the values in the above formula:

\(0.100M=\frac{\text{Moles of }Na_3PO_4\times 1000}{100 mL}\\\\\text{Moles of }Na_3PO_4=\frac{0.100\times 100}{1000}\\\\\text{Moles of }Na_3PO_4=0.01 moles\)

Since, 1 mole of \(Na_3PO_4\) contains 3 moles of \(Na^+\) and 1 mole of  \(PO_4^{3-}\) ions.

Moles of  \(Na^+\) ions = \((3\times 0.0100)=0.0300mol\)

So, the required moles of \(Na^+\) ions are 0.0300 moles.

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Answer:

i need points

Explanation:

Answer:

I'm not sure if this is chemistry question(definitely looks like physics).... But.

force = mass * acceleration (f=ma)

force = 50kg * 6 m/s^2

force = 300 kg m /s^2= 300 N

Answer:

Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire

,,Explanation:

The statement All entropies of fusion are negative is Fasle.

This is because - fusion leads to more microstates (degrees of freedom).

Hence, option B is correct.

Entropy is a measure of the degree of randomness of a body.

The higher the randomness of a substance, the higher the entropy of the substance, and vice versa.

Hence, any process that results in an increase in the randomness of the particles of a substance results in an increase in the entropy of that substance.

Thus, the process of change of state where the substance changes from a more ordered state to a less ordered state has a positive value for entropy change.

The processes of change of state that increases the value of the entropy of a substance are

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1. The pH value of a 1.0 L solution which is composed of 0.55 M NH₄Cl and 0.2 M NH₃ of the original solution is 8.83.

2. The pH value of 0.10 mol of HCl added to the original solution is 8.61.

3. The pH value of 0.20 mol of NaOH added to the original solution is 9.30.

1. To calculate the pH value of the original solution, we must find the pKa value of NH₄Cl:

pKa = - log Ka = - log (5.6 × 10⁻¹⁰) = 9.25

The concentration of [NH₃] and [NH₄⁺] are given as 0.2 M and 0.55 M respectively. Thus, pH can be calculated by substituting the given values in the above formula:

pH = pKa + log ([NH₃]/[NH₄⁺])

= 9.25 + log (0.2/0.55)

= 9.25 - 0.4202

= 8.83

Thus, the pH value of the original solution is 8.83.

2.. To calculate the pH value of the solution after the addition of 0.10 mol of HCl and 0.20 mol of NaOH to the original solution, we must find the new molar concentrations of NH₄⁺ and NH₃ ions:

a. Initial molar concentration of NH₄⁺ = 0.55 M

The number of moles of H⁺ ion produced by 0.10 mol of HCl = 0.10 mol

The number of moles of NH₄⁺ ion reacted with H+ ion = 0.10 mol

Final molar concentration of NH₄⁺ ion = 0.55 - 0.10 = 0.45 M

b. Initial molar concentration of NH₃ = 0.2 M

The number of moles of NH₃ reacted with H+ ion = 0.10 mol

Final molar concentration of NH₃ ion = 0.2 - 0.10 = 0.1 M

The Ka value of NH₄Cl remains the same in this case. Therefore, pH can be calculated by using the same formula used earlier:

pH = pKa + log ([NH₃]/[NH₄⁺])

= 9.25 + log (0.1/0.45)

= 9.25 - 0.6381

= 8.61

Thus, the pH value of the solution after the addition of 0.10 mol of HCl is 8.61.

3. To calculate the pH value after 0.20 mol of NaOH is added to the original solution, we must find the new molar concentrations of NH₄⁺ and NH₃ ions:

The Ka value of NH₄Cl remains the same in this case. Therefore, pH can be calculated using the same formula:

pH = pKa + log ([NH₃]/[NH₄⁺])

= 9.25 + log (0.4/0.35)

= 9.25 + 0.055

= 9.30

Thus, the pH value of the solution after the addition of 0.20 mol of NaOH is 9.30.

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Answer:

I THINK it's any positive charge but I'm not 100% sure sorry couldent be much help

When a nitrile is treated with an excess of LiAlH4 followed by water, the obtained product is a primary amine.

1. Nitrile (RC≡N) reacts with excess LiAlH4 (lithium aluminum hydride), which is a strong reducing agent.
2. The LiAlH4 reduces the nitrile to an imine (RCH=NH) intermediate.
3. The imine intermediate is further reduced by the excess LiAlH4 to form an aldimine (RCH2-NH2).
4. Finally, water (H2O) is added to the reaction to hydrolyze any remaining LiAlH4, and the primary amine (RCH2-NH2) is obtained as the final product.

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the lattice energy of MgH2() is 2791 kJ/mol with a series of step when the Enthalpies of formation for calcium hydrided is given.

An article publishing charge (APC) is required of authors or research funders to cover publication costs in open access journals that do not charge subscription fees. This guarantees that everyone will be able to access your article promptly and without charge in the future.

Solution:

the lattice energy of MgH2() is :

ΔHf(−75. 3 kJ/mol )  =S+0.5D+IE+EA+U

ΔHf(−75. 3 kJ/mol )= 2791 kJ/mol

The papers published in MDPI Special Issues are of extremely high quality! When I published my research with MDPI (Energies Journal), it was a wonderful experience. Both the submission of the manuscript and the timing of publishing were excellent.

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In nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, different solvents are used to dissolve and analyze compounds.  \(CH_{3} OH\) (methanol) is not a common solvent used for acquiring an 'H NMR spectrum.

In nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, different solvents are used to dissolve and analyze compounds. Common solvents for acquiring 'H NMR spectra include \(CDCl_{3}\)(deuterated chloroform), CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride), and \(D_{2} O\) (deuterated water). However, \(CH_{3} OH\) (methanol) is not typically used as a solvent for acquiring 'H NMR spectra.

The choice of solvent in NMR spectroscopy is crucial because it can affect the chemical shift values and the quality of the spectrum. Solvents like \(CDCl_{3}\), \(CCl_{4}\), and\(D_{2} O\) are commonly used because they are deuterated, meaning that they contain isotopes of hydrogen (deuterium) that do not produce signals in the 'H NMR spectrum. This allows for a clear interpretation of the signals from the compound of interest.

On the other hand,\(CH_{3} OH\) (methanol) is not deuterated and contains protons that would contribute to the 'H NMR spectrum. Its use as a solvent could lead to overlapping signals and interfere with the analysis of the compound being studied, which is why it is not commonly used for acquiring 'H NMR spectra.

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Answer:

\(\Large \boxed{\mathrm{A}}\)

Explanation:

Rust formed from iron and oxygen combining is a chemical change, because in a chemical change, the resulting substance(s) will have different properties from the substance(s) before the chemical change.

I cant comment... So is it Right?

A 2.7 mole sample of NaF would have a mass of approximately 113.173 grams.

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in units of grams per mole (g/mol). It is calculated by summing the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule and it is expressed in the same units as atomic mass, which is atomic mass units.

The molar mass of NaF (sodium fluoride) is approximately 41.99 g/mol.

To find the mass of a 2.7 mole sample of NaF, we can use the following formula:

mass = moles x molar mass

Substituting the values we get:

mass = 2.7 mol x 41.99 g/mol

mass = 113.173 g

Therefore, a 2.7 mole sample of NaF would have a mass of approximately 113.173 grams.

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According to the decomposition of XY, we can assume that the rate constant (K) = 6.92 X 10^-3 M^-1 :

So according to this formula:

Kt= 1/[XY]t - 1/[XY]o

By substitution:

t = (1/[XY]t - 1/[XY]o) / K

t =(1/0.0125 - 1/0.1) / 6.92X10^-3

t = 1011 S = 17 min

It will take 17 mins for the concentration of xy to decrease to 12.5%.

Second-order reactions are chemical reactions in which the reaction rate is proportional to the square of the concentration of one of the reactants. We can say that the reaction rate depends on the product of the concentration of two reactants.

Second-order reactions can be observed in various chemical processes, including chemical reactions in solution, enzyme-catalyzed reactions, and chemical reactions in the gas phase. These reactions are essential in many industrial and biological processes.

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It will take 17 mins for the concentration of xy to decrease to 12.5%.

Second-order reactions are chemical reactions in which the reaction rate is proportional to the square of the concentration of one of the reactants. We can say that the reaction rate depends on the product of the concentration of two reactants.

Second-order reactions can be observed in various chemical processes, including chemical reactions in solution, enzyme-catalyzed reactions, and chemical reactions in the gas phase. These reactions are essential in many industrial and biological processes.

According to the decomposition of XY, we can assume that the rate constant (K) = 6.92 X 10^-3 M^-1 :

So according to this formula:

Kt= 1/[XY]t - 1/[XY]o

By substitution:

\(t = (1/[XY]t - 1/[XY]o) / Kt =(1/0.0125 - 1/0.1) / 6.92X10^{-3}t = 1011 S = 17 min\)

It will take 17 mins for the concentration of xy to decrease to 12.5%.

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The given chemical equation is:

MgCl + Na(OH)₃ → Mg₃(OH)₂ + NaCl

        MgCl + Na(OH)₃ → Mg₃(OH)₂ + NaCl

        3 MgCl + Na(OH)₃ → Mg₃(OH)₂ + NaCl

        3 MgCl + Na(OH)₃ → Mg₃(OH)₂ + 3 NaCl

        3 MgCl + 3 Na(OH)₃ → Mg₃(OH)₂ + 3 NaCl

        3 MgCl + 3 Na(OH)₃ → Mg₃(OH)₂ + 3 NaCl + 6 H₂O

        3 MgCl + 3 Na(OH)₃ → 3 Mg₃(OH)₂ + 3 NaCl + 6 H₂O

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There are a total of 24 atoms in 3 Na₃PO₄. 9 sodiums, 3 phosphorous and 12 oxygens are there.

Sodium phosphate is an ionic compound formed by the loss of electron from sodium atom to the phosphate group. There are 3 sodium atoms in one sodium phosphate Na₃PO₄. One electrons from each sodium atom donates to the phosphate group.

The number of atoms in a compound are written as the subscripts for each chemical symbol. In Na₃PO₄, there are 3 sodium atoms, one phosphorous and 4 oxygen atoms. Thus, there are total 8 atoms.

In 3 Na₃PO₄, thus, contains 8 × 3 = 24 atom. Hence, the total number of atoms in 3Na₃PO₄ is 24.

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An extensive property is a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample.

An intensive property is a property of matter that depends only on the type of matter in a sample and not on the amount.  

Examples of Extensive properties:

Examples of Intensive properties:

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The partial pressure of nitrogen in the vessel is 13.0 kPa.

In the study of gases, the term "partial pressure" refers to the pressure that a single gas would experience if it were to occupy the same volume as the complete mixture. The quantity of a gas's molecules in a mixture directly relates to its partial pressure. The total pressure in a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. By multiplying the mole fraction of the gas in the mixture by the combination's total pressure, it is possible to get the partial pressure of a gas. Chemistry, physics, and engineering all use the idea of partial pressure extensively. Understanding the behavior of gases in numerous chemical and physical processes, such as gas exchange in the lungs and gas solubility in liquids, requires an understanding of partial pressure.

To find the partial pressure of nitrogen in the vessel, we need to use the mole fraction of nitrogen and the total pressure of the mixture.

moles of nitrogen = mass of nitrogen / molar mass of nitrogen = 4.0 g / 28.0134 g/mol = 0.1425 mol

moles of helium = mass of helium / molar mass of helium = 6.0 g / 4.0026 g/mol = 1.499 mol

The total number of moles of gas in the vessel is:

total moles = moles of nitrogen + moles of helium = 0.1425 mol + 1.499 mol = 1.6415 mol

The mole fraction of nitrogen is:

mole fraction of nitrogen = moles of nitrogen / total moles = 0.1425 mol / 1.6415 mol = 0.0868

The partial pressure of nitrogen is:

partial pressure of nitrogen = mole fraction of nitrogen x total pressure = 0.0868 x 150 kPa = 13.0 kPa

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The mass of the ethanol + graduated cylinder would be 90.33 g.

Density of 20 ml ethanol is = 0.789 g/ml

As we know that density = mass UPON volume

so mass = density * volume

mass = 0.789 g/ml * 20 ml

mass = 15.78 g

If we try to get the volume of water in the experiment it will be 8.9 ml

Mass of graduated cylinder = 29.13 g

Mass of cylinder and mass = 36.33 g

If we combine all the masses we'll get 90.33 g.

Hence, the answer is 90.33 g.

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Answer:

your brain spinal cord and nerves

The peptides amino acids form peptide linkages between -COOH and -NH2 groups in protein.

What do you mean by peptides?

Peptides are short chains of amino acids that are linked together by peptide bonds. They are found in all living organisms and play important roles in many biological processes, such as cell signaling, hormone production, and metabolism. Peptides can range in size from two to hundreds of amino acids and can be made up of different combinations of amino acids.

Peptide bonds are formed when the carboxyl group (COOH) of one amino acid reacts with the amino group (NH2) of another amino acid. This creates a peptide bond, which is a covalent bond between the two amino acids. As proteins are made up of many amino acids, this process of forming peptide bonds is what links the amino acids together to form a protein.

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