Answer:
C.
Explanation: Mitosis is a process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells (cell division). During mitosis one cell? divides once to form two identical cells. The major purpose of mitosis is for growth and to replace worn out cells.
Hope this helps! Have a nice day!
Answer:
C. to produce a new cell
Explanation:
Mitosis consists in replicating the genetic material of a mother cell in order to make two identical daughter cells; this is a diploid process. In order to make an egg or sperm cell and eventually a new organism, the correct process would be meiosis, since it combines the DNA between two cells and it is an haploid process.
Which statement explains the difference in chromosomes in fruit fly (2n=4)?
O Diploid cells have 2 chromosomes and haploid cells have 4 chromosomes.
O Fruit fly gametes have 2 chromosomes while parent cells have 4 chromosomes.
O Male gametes have 2 chromosomes and female gametes have 4 chromosomes.
O Some fruit fly parent cells have 2 chromosomes and others have 4 chromosomes.
Answer:
O Fruit fly gametes have 2 chromosomes while parent cells have 4 chromosomes.
Explanation:
The fruit fly is a diploid (2n) species with a chromosome number equal to 4, which means that somatic cells have two sets of homologous chromosomes, each set composed of two chromosomes (2n = 4). Moreover, fly gametes are haploid (n) cells, containing each a complete set of two non-homologous chromosomes (i.e., half the amount of DNA compared to parent cells). During meiosis, a single cell divides twice following one complete round of DNA replication, producing thus four gametes with a haploid number of chromosomes.
shine the uv light on the gel while the native proteins are separating. what do you see? why does this differ from what you see in the denatured protein lane?
When the native proteins are separating and we shine the UV light on the gel, the bands are faint. The reason is that native proteins maintain their three-dimensional shape, which enables them to fold back on themselves and protects their hydrophobic core from interaction with the negatively charged SDS molecule.
The SDS-PAGE buffer has a denaturing agent, which causes the protein to denature, lose its three-dimensional shape, and have a uniform negative charge distribution.The migration of proteins that are exposed to a denaturing agent, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, is based on the length of their polypeptide chains. The bands are darker when proteins are denatured because the denaturation process eliminates their tertiary structure and results in a uniform negative charge distribution, making the SDS-protein complex size-dependent. As a result, the negatively charged SDS binds to the protein, giving it a negative charge, which causes it to migrate through the gel at a rate proportional to its length and charge-density.
Hence, we can conclude that native proteins maintain their three-dimensional shape, and the SDS-PAGE buffer has a denaturing agent that causes the protein to denature, lose its three-dimensional shape, and have a uniform negative charge distribution, which is the main reason for the difference in what we see in the denatured protein lane compared to the native protein lane when we shine the UV light on the gel.
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do boys lose the ability to scream after puberty ? not shout scream
Answer:
weird question but I don't think so-
Answer:
No, They do not.
Explanation
As you get older, your larynx grows and your vocal cords lengthen and thicken, resulting in a deeper voice. Your voice can "crack" or "break" as your body adjusts to the new equipment. However, this procedure only takes a few months, it does not affect a boys ability to scream.
the building blocks of a habitat consist of _ factors
Answer:
The building blocks of a habitat consist of environmental factors
What is it called when you make a logical interpretation based on your
observations/research?
Answer:
it is anything but the what u see in the expirment in ur question
explain how genetic drift arises from sampling effects in finite populations. explain how genetic drift affects allele frequencies and why the intensity of those effects depends on population size.
In the absence of natural selection, genetic drift leads to alleles becoming fixed in a limited population during the course of evolution. Allele frequency and their magnitude are influenced by genetic drift.
Genetic drift, also known as allelic drift or the Wright effect, is a shift in a population's frequency of an existing gene variant (allele) brought on by chance. Genetic drift, may totally vanish due to genetic drift, hence reducing genetic variation.
The frequency of an event is its repetitions per unit of time. As a contrast to spatial frequency, it is also sometimes referred to as temporal frequency, and as a contrast to angular frequency, it is sometimes referred to as ordinary frequency.
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Vocabulary Matching
Ecosystem, specialist species, niche, habitat, nonnative species, generalist species, extinction, Keystone species, indicator species, natural selection
An organism's home is known as its habitat, and its function in its environment is known as its niche. While niche focuses on how the creature effects the environment, habitat focuses on how the environment impacts the organism.
What about species?A group of things that share the same kind and name: kind. A group of related organisms with the capacity to bear viable offspring that falls below the genus level and is designated by a two-part scientific name. A group of plants or animals that may reproduce together and have similar characteristics is referred to as a species.A collection of people with similar traits who can interbreed to create fruitful offspring is how species are frequently defined. Alpaca - Vicugna pacos are two examples. A group of creatures that can naturally reproduce with one another and generate viable progeny is sometimes referred to as a species. However, classifying a species can be challenging and even contentious. The billions of people on the planet now are all members of the same species, Homo sapiens. Human beings differ among themselves, just like other species do, in terms of everything from size and shape to skin tone and eye color. The two-part name that Linnaeus invented is still used today and is currently presented in either Latin or Greek. It was originally used for plants and then later for animals. The first identifies the larger group, known as a genus, to which the plant belongs, while the second refers to the plant itself as a species.Learn more about species here:
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Along with his brother, he started the first collaborative research laboratory and treatment center in the United States.
Established the first official psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig, which marked the official start of the study of human emotions and actions.
Who among the following is regarded as the father of psychology and was the first to study humans in a lab setting?Wilhelm Wundt established Leipzig University's Institute for Experimental Psychology in 1879. Because it was the first laboratory devoted only to psychology, its founding is frequently recognized as the beginning of contemporary psychology. In actuality, Wundt is frequently cited as the father of psychology.
Where did William James begin his research lab?The first teaching lab in the United States was started by William James in 1875, and his PhD student G. Stanley Hall developed the first one. Johns Hopkins University has the first experimental psychology lab in the United States (Shiraev, 2014). James was the first person to provide a psychology course in the United States (Cherry, 2020).
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Consider a population of lizards where there is variation in jaw size. Which types of selection could produce an increased proportion of lizards with large jaws? Check all that apply.
A. disruptive selection
B. directional selection
C. stabilizing selection
The types of selection that could produce an increased proportion of lizards with large jaws are A. disruptive selection and B. directional selection.
Disruptive selection occurs when extreme phenotypes are favoured over the average phenotype. In the case of the lizards, if large-jawed lizards are better able to survive and reproduce than those with average or small jaws, disruptive selection will lead to an increased proportion of large-jawed lizards in the population.
Directional selection occurs when one extreme phenotype is favoured over the other extreme and the average phenotype. In the case of the lizards, if large-jawed lizards are better able to survive and reproduce than those with average or small jaws, directional selection will lead to an increased proportion of large-jawed lizards in the population.
Stabilizing selection, on the other hand, favours the average phenotype and selects against the extremes. Therefore, it would not lead to an increased proportion of large-jawed lizards in the population.
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The initial population of a bacteria colony is observed to be 500 bacteria. The population shows a growth rate of 50% per day, and the carrying capacity of the surrounding is estimated to be 2,000,000 bacteria. To the nearest whole number, find the population of bacteria after 15 days. A 165,822 bacteria B 622,707 bacteria C) 903,430 bacteria 2,000,000 bacteria
The population, to the nearest whole number, of bacteria after 15 days is approximately 4,769 bacteria, The correct option is E, None of the above.
To find the population of bacteria after 15 days, we can use the formula for exponential growth:
N = N₀ * \((1 + r)^t\)
Where: N = Final population after time t N₀ = Initial population r = Growth rate per time period t = Time period
Given: N₀ = 500 bacteria r = 50% per day (or 0.5) t = 15 days
Plugging in the values, we have:
N = 500 * \((1 + 0.5)^{15\)
Calculating this expression:
N = 500 * \((1.5)^{15\) N
= 500 * 9.537 N
= 4,768.5
Thus, the correct option is E, None of the above.
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The question is inappropriate; the correct question is:
The initial population of a bacterial colony is observed to be 500 bacteria. The population shows a growth rate of 50% per day, and the carrying capacity of the surrounding area is estimated to be 2,000,000 bacteria. To the nearest whole number, find the population of bacteria after 15 days.
A. 165,822 bacteria
B. 622,707 bacteria
C. 903,430 bacteria
D. 2,000,000 bacteria
E. None of the above
What can lead to coral bleaching?
O A. Increased sunlight
O B. Decreased acidity
O C. Decreased turbidity
O D. Increased salinity
the answer is A. Increased sunlight :)
A rare mitochondrial disease is shown in this pedigree. I 2 II 2 3 4 III 1 2 3 Erza, individual II-3, is affected. So are all her three children. However, Erza's mother Hinata does not show any of the symptoms of this mitochondrial disease. What are two possible explanations for this?
Hinata may have the disease-causing mitochondrial DNA but not show symptoms or Erza may have acquired the disease-causing mitochondrial DNA from her father.
The fact that Erza's mother Hinata does not show any symptoms of the mitochondrial disease while her daughter and grandchildren do suggests that the disease is maternally inherited.
This is because mitochondria, which contain their own DNA, are typically passed down from the mother to her offspring.
One possible explanation for Hinata's lack of symptoms could be that she is a carrier of the disease-causing mutation but does not show symptoms due to a phenomenon called heteroplasmy.
Heteroplasmy refers to the presence of a mixture of normal and mutant mitochondrial DNA in a single cell. If Hinata's cells have a low proportion of the mutated mitochondrial DNA, then she may not show any symptoms.
However, Erza may have a higher proportion of mutated mitochondrial DNA, which could explain why she and her children show symptoms of the disease.
Another possible explanation is that the mutation arose spontaneously in Erza's mitochondrial DNA rather than being inherited from Hinata.
This is known as a de novo mutation and can occur during the formation of the egg cell or early in embryonic development. In this scenario, Hinata would not have the mutation because it did not exist in her mitochondrial DNA.
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Two possible explanations for Erza's mother Hinata not showing any symptoms of the mitochondrial disease, despite her daughter and grandchildren being affected, are:
Maternal inheritance: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited exclusively from the mother. Therefore, if a mother carries a disease-causing mutation in her mtDNA, all of her children will inherit it. However, since the mutation is only present in the mother's mtDNA, her own symptoms may be absent or mild. This is because the disease-causing mtDNA mutation may not affect all cells equally or may only cause symptoms when present at high levels.
Heteroplasmy: Mitochondria can have multiple copies of mtDNA, and it is possible for an individual to have a mixture of both normal and mutated mtDNA in their cells. This is known as heteroplasmy. If Hinata is heteroplasmic for the disease-causing mtDNA mutation, she may have a low level of mutated mtDNA in her cells, which is not enough to cause symptoms. However, when the mutation is passed on to her offspring, the level of mutated mtDNA may increase, leading to symptoms in her children and grandchildren.
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The following graph shows the effect of
altering a factor on the rate of an enzyme
controlled reaction. What is shown on
the x axis?
The x-axis of the graph showing the effect of altering a factor on the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction is substrate concentration; option C.
What are enzymes?Enzymes are biological molecules that speed up the rate of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms.
Enzymes are important in living organisms because chemical reactions in the body would not have proceeded to completion without enzymes.
Reactions that are catalyzed by enzymes are called enzyme-controlled reactions.
The study of enzyme-catalyzed reactions is called enzyme kinetics.
The effect of substrate concentration on enzyme velocity is one of the studies in enzyme kinetics.
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Complete question:
The following graph shows the effect of altering a factor on the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction. What is shown on the x-axis?
a. enzyme concentration
b. substrate concentration or enzyme concentration
c. substrate concentration
d. temperature
What is the primary gases in our atmosphere
Answer:nitrogen (N2) and about 21% oxygen (O2). Argon, carbon dioxide (CO2
Explanation:
explain how homeostasis works in the digestive system when you get food poisoning
The digestive system maintains homeostasis by ensuring that the stomach environment has the right pH balance.
How does homeostasis work in the digestive system?The body uses both positive and negative mechanisms to carry on homeostasis. When the body catches an imbalance, the various systems work together to counteract and restore correct equilibrium. The bacterial flora in the intestines is crucial to homeostasis in the body. They not only break down food so the nutrients can be absorbed.
In the digestive system, homeostasis is attained by a series of procedures controlled by various organs and tissues. The digestive system maintains homeostasis by creating the proper pH balance in the gastric environment. In addition, by continuing the correct enzyme ratio.
So we can conclude that The actuation of the digestive system enzyme pepsin is an example of a positive feedback mechanism
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Food poisoning would cause an intense dehydration and upset of the homeostatic process of the body.
How does homeostasis work?In the digestive system, homeostasis refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment in response to external changes, such as the ingestion of food. When food poisoning occurs, the body's normal homeostatic processes are disrupted.
However, if the food poisoning is severe, the body may not be able to effectively restore homeostasis, leading to dehydration and other complications. In these cases, medical intervention may be necessary to help the body regain its normal balance.
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2. Which describes the spores produced by a fungus?
O Spores have no protection as they are carried by wind.
O Most never survive to produce new fungi.
O They are capable of growing wherever they land.
Each fungus produces only a few spores.
Answer:
O Spores have no protection as they are carried by wind. O Most never survive to produce new fungi. O They are capable of growing wherever they land. Each fungus produces only a few spores.
which body part from other systems does not interact directly with breathing?
Answer:
The process of physiological respiration includes two major parts: external respiration and internal respiration. External respiration, also known as breathing, involves both bringing air into the lungs (inhalation) and releasing air to the atmosphere (exhalation). During internal respiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the cells and blood vessels.
Respiration begins at the nose or mouth, where oxygenated air is brought in before moving down the pharynx, larynx, and the trachea. The trachea branches into two bronchi, each leading into a lung. Each bronchus divides into smaller bronchi, and again into even smaller tubes called bronchioles. At the end of the bronchioles are air sacs called alveoli, and this is where gas exchange occurs.
Diagram labeling the major structures of the respiratory system
Diagram labeling the major structures of the respiratory system
Image credit: Arteries and veins of the body by OpenStax, CC BY 4.0
An important structure of respiration is the diaphragm. When the diaphragm contracts, it flattens and the lungs expand, drawing air into the lungs. When it relaxes, air flows out, allowing the lungs to deflate.
Common mistakes and misconceptions
Physiological respiration and cellular respiration are not the same. People sometimes use the word "respiration" to refer to the process of cellular respiration, which is a cellular process in which carbohydrates are converted into energy. The two are related processes, but they are not the same.
We do not breathe in only oxygen or breathe out only carbon dioxide. Often the terms "oxygen" and "air" are used interchangeably. It is true that the air we breathe in has more oxygen than the air we breathe out, and the air we breathe out has more carbon dioxide than the air that we breathe in. However, oxygen is just one of the gases found in the air we breathe. (In fact, the air has more nitrogen than oxygen!)
The respiratory system does not work alone in transporting oxygen through the body. The respiratory system works directly with the circulatory system to provide oxygen to the body. Oxygen taken in from the respiratory system moves into blood vessels that then circulate oxygen-rich blood to tissues and cells.
Studying for a test?
Explanation:
After a large disturbance, pioneer species often appear in this order.
After a large disturbance, species use to appear again in the area from organisms with lower metabolic needs than organisms with highers. In this orders of ideas, we can say that first, there would be prokaryotes or protists; second, non-vascular plants, and at third, vascular plants, as stated in the last answer option.
Match the following organelles to their function or structure. Each organelle is only used once!!!
Cell membrane
Controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell
Flagella
Acts as a whipping propeller, moving a cell through its environment
Lysosomes
Digest foreign substances and worn out cell parts
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Makes proteins
Cilia
Nucleus
Protects DNA and is considered the “brain” of the cell
Golgi Apparatus
Modifies and packages proteins
DRAG & DROP THE ANSWER
Produce energy (ATP)
Structures shaped like small oars that beat in unison to move the cell or the liquid around it
Answer:
Cell membrane - Controls the passage of materials into and out of a cell
Flagella - Acts as a whipping propeller, moving a cell through its environment
Lysosomes - Digest foreign substances and worn out cell parts
Mitochondria - Produce energy (ATP)
Ribosomes - Makes proteins
Cilia - Structures shaped like small oars that beat in unison to move the cell or the liquid around it
Nucleus - Protects DNA and is considered the “brain” of the cell
Golgi Apparatus - Modifies and packages proteins
Explanation:
The cell membrane separates the inside of the cell from the external environment, and regulates substances that enter and leave the cell.
The nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell, and therefore controls all cellular activities. It is also the site of transcription of mRNAs. mRNAs are translated at ribosomes.
The ribosomes are like factories that synthesize proteins through the process of translation.
When proteins have been produced, they are modified, packaged, and transported to their specific sites by the Golgi apparatus.
Mitochondria are energy-producing organelles - the site of cellular respiration.
Lysosomes are membrane-bound sacsin which waste products are digested
Some cells have cilia, which are hair like-structures that beat in unison to aid in locomotion. Another locomotory organelle is the flagella, which is a whip-like structure that helps some single-celled organelles to move.
two molecules of one reactant combine with 3 molecules of another to produce 5 molecules of a product.
For two molecules of one reactant combine with 3 molecules of another to produce 5 molecules of a product. A = 2A + 3B → 5C is the correct representation of the reaction.
The five molecules of C will result from a reaction between the two molecules of A and the three molecules of B.
2A + 3B → 5C
the other options are incorrect, Because,
B = A₂ + B₃ → C₅
One molecule of C₅ is produced when one molecule of A₂ and one molecule of B₃ combine in this reaction.
C = 2A + 5B → 3C
In this reaction, two molecules of A and five molecules of B combine to produce three molecules of C.
D = A₂ + B₃ → C₃
In this reaction, one molecule of C₃ is produced by the combination of one molecule of A₂ and one molecule of B₃.
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(complete question)
Two molecules of one reactant combine with 3 molecules of another to produce 5 molecules of a product.
Which equation is the correct representation of the reaction?
2A+3B→5C
A₂+B₃→C₅
2A+5B→3C
A₂+B₃→C₃
solve it according to the question please.
the subject is petroleum, so please solve it regardibg
this.
F- Explain the global carbon-climate cycle during the Cretaceous period. (Write only one paragraph describing what happened during the Cretaceous geological period in order to have good source rocks.)
During the Cretaceous period, high temperatures and abundant vegetation resulted in increased \(CO_2\) levels, leading to the accumulation of organic matter and the formation of good source rocks for oil and gas.
During the Cretaceous period, spanning from approximately 145 to 66 million years ago, the global carbon-climate cycle played a crucial role in the development of favorable conditions for the formation of good source rocks. The period was characterized by high global temperatures and abundant vegetation, resulting in increased carbon dioxide \((CO_2)\) levels in the atmosphere.
The elevated \(CO_2\) levels fueled vigorous photosynthesis, leading to the accumulation of organic matter in marine and terrestrial ecosystems. As this organic matter was buried and subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years, it transformed into oil and gas, creating potential source rocks. The warm climate and prolific vegetation during the Cretaceous, along with the subsequent geological processes, contributed to the formation of the rich hydrocarbon reserves that are vital to our energy resources today.
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The correct question is:
Explain the global carbon-climate cycle during the Cretaceous period. (Write only one paragraph describing what happened during the Cretaceous geological period in order to have good source rocks.)
Why it is that proline is considered to disrupt a helix but histidine does not?
Proline can disrupt the helix while histidine cannot because of their difference in side-chain structures.
Proline is different from all the other amino acids as it contains a secondary amine rather than the amino group. The side chain of the proline forms a cyclic structure among itself, thereby creating stearic hindrance. Thus, making it unsuitable for the alpha-helix. This is why proline acts as a helix breaker.
Histidine is a positively charged amino acid with an imidazole functional group. Unlike proline, the side chain of histidine does not form a cyclic structure in itself and hence it does not act as a helix breaker.
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why do you think it's only considered a frameshift mutation if it's a non-multiple of 3 nucleotide bases?
A frameshift mutation results in new codons downstream of the mutation that will code for various amino acids, altering the characteristics of the translated proteins.
The process of a sudden, heritable alteration in an organism's genome is known as mutation. Point mutations and frameshift mutations are the two primary forms of mutation. The single base pair only undergoing a change at a single place is referred to as a point mutation. Due to the deletion's alteration of the gene's reading frame sequence, it is also referred to as a frameshift mutation. These changes could be advantageous or detrimental to the organisms. During the loss of one of two nucleotides, a frameshift mutation takes place. A frameshift mutation is one that unquestionably alters the order of codons downstream of the mutation. A replacement mutation, on the other hand, only affects one codon's single nucleotide.
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A fetus has been developing for three months. What will happen next?
A. Vocal cords develop
B. External sex organs form
C. Blood starts pumping
D. Hands and feet are formed
you do a cross between two bacterial strains with the genotypes strs trp lys his and strr trp- lys- his-. you plate the progeny on minimal media plus streptomycin, lysine and histidine and get colonies. what genes are selected for on the plate?
When two different bacterial strains are crossed, it leads to the creation of new strains of bacteria. The new strains of bacteria that are created from this cross are known as the progeny.
When two different bacterial strains are crossed, it leads to the creation of new strains of bacteria. The new strains of bacteria that are created from this cross are known as the progeny. In the given scenario, the progeny is plated on minimal media plus streptomycin, lysine and histidine and colonies are formed. This experiment is done to determine the genes that are selected for on the plate. The genotypes of the bacterial strains are strs trp lys his and strr trp- lys- his-. The plus sign represents the presence of the gene while the minus sign represents the absence of the gene. The genes that are selected for on the plate are Str, Lys, and His. This can be explained as follows: The first genotype (strs trp lys his) indicates that the strain is resistant to streptomycin but requires tryptophan, lysine, and histidine to grow. The second genotype (strr trp- lys- his-) indicates that the strain is sensitive to streptomycin and does not require tryptophan, lysine, and histidine to grow. Therefore, on minimal media plus streptomycin, lysine, and histidine, only the strains that have Str, Lys, and His genes will be able to grow, and the sensitive strain will be unable to grow. Therefore, the genes that are selected for on the plate are Str, Lys, and His.
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What is the genotype of an organism?
A. The genotype is the DNA sequences of this gene on a homologous pair of chromosomes.
B. How the genes are expressed resulting in the physical appearance of the organism.
Answer:A. The genotype is the DNA sequences of this gene on a homologous pair of chromosomes.
Explanation:
A. The genotype is the DNA sequences of this gene on a homologous pair of chromosomes.
Convection occurs because heated material becomes ____________________. A less dense and rises B denser and rises C denser and sinks D less dense and sinks
Answer: A less dense and rises
Explanation:
Convection is a type of heat transfer happens when there is a movement of fluid (liquid or gas) in which convection currents are produced due to the movement of hot fluid upwards and cold fluid downwards. This happens as the density of hot fluid decreases due to presence of less number of mmolecules per unit volume. As the hot liquid becomes less dense, it starts moving upwards.
Thus convection occurs because heated material becomes less dense and rises.
All but one of the following is an endogenous factor: Application rate of herbicide. Acre feet of irrigation water applied. Price of herbicide per gallon. Decision as to which herbicide would be best given farm's IPM strategy
The factor that is an endogenous factor is: d. Decision as to which herbicide would be best given the farm's IPM (Integrated Pest Management) strategy.
What is an Endogenous Factor?An endogenous factor refers to a factor that originates from within the system or process being studied. In the given options, the endogenous factor is d. Decision as to which herbicide would be best given the farm's IPM (Integrated Pest Management) strategy.
This factor is influenced by internal considerations and decisions made within the system itself. On the other hand, options a, b, and c are exogenous factors because they are external to the system and can affect the system but are not directly determined by it.
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Many people from India come to the U.S. to work. Which of the following is a way in which America's foreign policy affects people in India?
It's important to note that the impact of America's foreign policy on people in India can be complex and multifaceted, with both positive and negative consequences depending on the specific policy decisions and their implementation.
What is Work?
Work, in the context of physics and mechanics, is defined as the transfer of energy that occurs when an object is moved against a force over a distance. It is the application of force to move an object over a certain distance in the direction of the applied force.
There are several ways in which America's foreign policy can affect people in India, including:
Economic and trade policies: America's foreign policy decisions on economic and trade matters, such as tariffs, sanctions, and trade agreements, can have direct or indirect impacts on India's economy.
Immigration policies: U.S. immigration policies, including visa regulations and quotas, can affect the movement of people between India and the U.S.
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If data for the growth of this bacterial population continued to be recorded, would the data point at 60 hours be above or below 37 million? Support your answer.
Answer:
Above 37 million
Explanation:
Explanation in picture below
Growth of bacterial cultures is defined as an increase in the number of bacteria in a population rather than an increase in the size of individual cells.
Thus, Bacterial population growth occurs geometrically or exponentially: in each division cycle (generation), one cell produces 2 cells, then 4 cells, then 8 cells, then 16, then 32, etc.
The relationship shows that the average generation time is constant and the growth rate of the bacterial population is proportional to the number of bacteria at any given time.
This relationship is valid only during the period when the population grows exponentially, ie. in the logarithmic phase of growth. Therefore, graphs showing the growth of bacterial cultures are plotted as the logarithm of the number of cells.
Thus, Growth of bacterial cultures is defined as an increase in the number of bacteria in a population rather than an increase in the size of individual cells.
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