What is the point of the EM algorithm? Select the best option below. Be careful to consider the distinction between calculation of a probability (given some implicit parametric form) and maximization of a probability (by choosing the parameters directly.)
A. The purpose of EM is to maximize the observed data likelihood P(X) when the joint likelihood P(X,Z) is tractable, but the hidden variables Z are not known. It does reduce the complexity of calculating P(X), so it works best when both P(X) and P(X,Z) can be evaluated in polynomial time.
B. The purpose of EM is to maximize the observed data likelihood P(X) when the joint likelihood P(X,Z) is tractable, but the hidden variables Z are not known. It also allows us to tractably approximate the P(X) even when exact computation is exponential.
C. The main application of EM is to obtain samples from the joint distribution P(X,Z) which can then be used as training data.
D. EM can be used to handle exponential sums arising from inference problems. I.e., the EM algorithm can
be used to calculate P(X) in polynomial time even when there are many nusiance variables that have to be summed out from the joint distribution, P(X,Z).
Answers
B. The purpose of the EM algorithm is to maximize the observed data likelihood P(X) when the joint likelihood P(X,Z) is tractable, but the hidden variables Z are not known.
The EM (Expectation-Maximization) algorithm is an iterative optimization algorithm used to estimate the parameters of statistical models with hidden or unobserved variables. Its primary objective is to maximize the observed data likelihood P(X) when the joint likelihood P(X,Z) is tractable, but the hidden variables Z are not known.
In many real-world scenarios, there are situations where we have incomplete or missing information. The EM algorithm addresses this problem by iteratively estimating the parameters that maximize the likelihood of the observed data, while also taking into account the missing or unobserved variables.
The algorithm has two steps: the E-step (Expectation step) and the M-step (Maximization step). In the E-step, the algorithm computes the expected value of the complete data log-likelihood given the current parameter estimates. It estimates the values of the hidden variables based on the current parameter values. In the M-step, the algorithm maximizes the expected log-likelihood obtained in the E-step with respect to the parameters. It updates the parameter estimates based on the computed expected values.
By iteratively performing the E-step and M-step, the algorithm gradually improves the parameter estimates and converges towards a local maximum of the observed data likelihood. This allows us to estimate the parameters of the model even in cases where direct computation of P(X) is intractable or involves exponential complexity.
Therefore, option B is the correct choice as it accurately describes the main purpose of the EM algorithm in maximizing the observed data likelihood while handling hidden variables. It also highlights the ability of the algorithm to tractably approximate P(X) even when exact computation is exponential.
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Related Questions
Refrigerant 22 flows through a horizontal tube having an inside diameter of 4 cm. The refrigerant flows at steady state and at the entrance to the tube it has with a quality of 0.3, temperature of 28∘C, and velocity of 8 m/s. The refrigerant exits the tube as a saturated liquid at 14 bar. Question: Determine: (a) the mass flow rate of the refrigerant, in kg/s. (b) the velocity of the refrigerant at the exit, in m/s. (c) the rate of heat transfer, in kW, and its associated direction with respect to the refrigerant.
Answers
To solve this problem, we need to use the thermodynamic properties of Refrigerant 22 and apply the principles of steady-state flow and energy conservation. Here are the steps to determine the requested values:
(a) Determine the mass flow rate of the refrigerant:
- Given the inside diameter of the tube (4 cm) and the quality at the entrance (0.3), we can assume that the flow is two-phase (a mixture of vapor and liquid).
- Use the known properties of Refrigerant 22 at the entrance condition (temperature and quality) to find the specific enthalpy and specific volume.
- Calculate the mass flow rate using the equation: Mass flow rate = Density × Velocity × Area.
(b) Determine the velocity of the refrigerant at the exit:
- At the exit, the refrigerant is in the saturated liquid state. Use the known pressure of 14 bar to find the corresponding saturation temperature.
- With the saturated liquid state and the known diameter of the tube, calculate the velocity using the equation: Velocity = Mass flow rate / (Density × Area).
(c) Determine the rate of heat transfer and its associated direction:
- Since the refrigerant is undergoing a phase change from two-phase at the entrance to saturated liquid at the exit, heat transfer occurs.
- Use the known properties at the entrance and exit (enthalpy and specific volume) to calculate the heat transfer rate using the equation: Heat transfer rate = Mass flow rate × (Specific Enthalpy exit - Specific Enthalpy entrance).
- The direction of heat transfer can be determined based on the change in enthalpy: If the exit enthalpy is higher than the entrance enthalpy, heat is absorbed (positive value), and if the exit enthalpy is lower, heat is rejected (negative value).
Note: The calculations require specific properties and equations specific to Refrigerant 22. You can use refrigerant property tables or thermodynamic software to find the required data for the calculations.
It's important to note that without the specific thermodynamic properties of Refrigerant 22 and the corresponding equations, it is not possible to provide the exact numerical values for the mass flow rate, velocity, and heat transfer rate.
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The diffusion coefficient for Cr3+ in Cr2O3 is 6 × 10–15 cm2/s at 727°C and 1 × 10–9 cm2/s at 1400°C. Calculate (a) the activation energy; and (b) the constant D0.
Answers
The diffusion coefficient for Cr3+ in Cr2O3 is 6 × 10⁻¹⁵ cm²/s at 727°C and 1 × 10⁻⁹ cm²/s at 1400°C then the activation energy is 410 kJ/mol and the constant D0 is 2.2 × 10⁻³ cm²/s.
We can use the Arrhenius equation to relate the diffusion coefficient to temperature and the activation energy:
D = D0 * exp(-Q/RT)
where D is the diffusion coefficient,
D0 is the pre-exponential constant,
Q is the activation energy,
R is the gas constant, and
T is the absolute temperature.
We can solve for Q and D0 by using the given diffusion coefficients and temperatures:
At 727°C (1000 K):
6 × 10⁻¹⁵ = D0 * exp(-Q/(R1000))
Taking natural log on both sides:
ln(6 × 10⁻¹⁵) = ln(D0) - Q/(R1000)
ln(D0) = ln(6 × 10⁻¹⁵) + Q/(R*1000)
At 1400°C (1673 K):
1 × 10⁻⁹ = D0 * exp(-Q/(R1673))
Taking natural log on both sides:
ln(1 × 10⁻⁹) = ln(D0) - Q/(R1673)
ln(D0) = ln(1 × 10⁻⁹) + Q/(R*1673)
Subtracting the second equation from the first:
ln(6 × 10⁻¹⁵) - ln(1 × 10⁻⁹) = Q/R * (1/1000 - 1/1673)
Solving for Q:
Q = (ln(6 × 10⁻¹⁵) - ln(1 × 10⁻⁹)) / (1/1000 - 1/1673) * R
Q ≈ 410 kJ/mol
Substituting Q back into one of the original equations, we can solve for D0:
6 × 10⁻¹⁵ = D0 * exp(-410000/(R*T))
D0 = 2.2 × 10⁻³ cm²/s
Therefore, the activation energy is approximately 410 kJ/mol and the pre-exponential constant is approximately 2.2 × 10⁻³ cm²/s.
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Which energy source from a reservoir would provide affordable, abundant electricity for a factory?.
Answers
A hydroelectric plant is an energy source from a reservoir that would provide affordable, abundant electricity for a factory.
A hydroelectric power plant or hydropower is a renewable source of energy that produces power by using a dam or diversion structure to change the natural flow of a river or other body of water. Hydroelectric power plant relies on the endless, constantly recharging system of the water cycle to generate electricity. In simple word the hydroelectric power plant generates energy by harnessing the power of water in motion, such as water flowing over a waterfall, to produce electricity.
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which type of sequence uses input sensors to signal to the controller that each step in the sequence is complete
Answers
A feedback control sequence used input sensors to signal to the controller that each step in the sequence is complete.
How feedback control sequence uses input sensors?The type of sequence that uses input sensors to signal to the controller that each step in the sequence is complete is called a feedback control sequence.
In this type of sequence, input sensors are used to provide feedback to the controller, which then adjusts its actions based on the information provided by the sensors. The feedback loop ensures that each step in the sequence is completed before moving on to the next step, which helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of the sequence.
An example of a feedback control sequence is a manufacturing assembly line, where sensors are used to detect when a component has been successfully installed before moving on to the next step. Another example is a robotic arm that uses sensors to detect when it has completed a particular movement before proceeding to the next step.
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You have an idea for a faster program. You scour the Internet and, as luck would have it, you find an algorithm one-prime factor(N) that, given an n-digit binary number, N, will find one prime factor of the number in time. (n?) (a) Using this algorithm (as a black box), give an efficient algorithm to factor an n-digit binary number into primes (and print the prime factors). (b) Approximately how many times does your factoring algorithm use the one prime factor(N) routine in the worst case, as a function of n? (c) How fast is your algorithm (in the worst case), in order notation, as a function of n? As above, assume that it takes linear time, i.e. On time, to add, subtract, multiply, and divide two n-digit binary numbers. (d) Is your new program fast enough? Justify.
Answers
a. use the one prime factor(N) routine to find a prime factor p of N. b .the algorithm will call the one prime factor(N) routine approximately n/2 times. c. this has a worst-case time complexity of O(n log n). time complexity of O(2^(n/2)), d. this algorithm is definitely an improvement.
Describe Binary Numbers?Binary numbers are a number system that only uses two digits, 0 and 1, to represent numbers. In the binary system, each digit represents a power of two, with the rightmost digit representing 2^0 (1), the next digit representing 2^1 (2), the next digit representing 2^2 (4), and so on.
For example, the binary number 1010 represents the decimal number (1 x 2^3) + (0 x 2^2) + (1 x 2^1) + (0 x 2^0), or 8 + 0 + 2 + 0, which is equal to 10 in decimal.
(a) We can use the one prime factor(N) routine repeatedly to factor the given n-digit binary number into prime factors. We can repeatedly call the one prime factor(N) routine until we get all the prime factors of the number. After each call, we divide the input number by the prime factor obtained from the routine, and repeat the process until we have obtained all the prime factors.
Here is the pseudocode for the algorithm:
Input: n-digit binary number N
while N > 1:
factor = one_prime_factor(N)
print(factor)
N = N / factor
(b) In the worst case, the input number may be a large prime number. In this case, the one prime factor(N) routine will return the input number itself as the prime factor. Therefore, we will need to call the one prime factor(N) routine n times to factor the input number into primes.
(c) Each call to the one prime factor(N) routine takes O(n^3) time (assuming it takes linear time to perform arithmetic operations on two n-digit binary numbers). Therefore, the worst-case time complexity of the algorithm is O(n^4).
(d) The time complexity of the algorithm is quite high, which means it may not be fast enough for large input sizes. In practice, there are faster algorithms for factoring integers, such as the general number field sieve (GNFS) or the quadratic sieve (QS), which have much lower time complexities. However, the one prime factor(N) routine may still be useful in certain situations where we only need to find one prime factor of a number.
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On the position time curve, if the slope of a tangent at a point is positive, that means:
A: The object is moving backward
B: The object is not moving
C: The object is moving forward
Answers
Answer:
C. the object is moving forward
Explanation:
A positive slope means position is increasing when time is increasing. Generally, increasing position is "moving forward."
Answer:
C. The object is moving forward
if a hashtable requires integer keys, what hash algorithm would you choose? write java code for your hash algorithm.
Answers
For a hashtable that requires integer keys, I would choose the Jenkins one-at-a-time hash algorithm. It is a simple and efficient hash algorithm that produces a 32-bit hash value for any given key.
Here is an example implementation of the Jenkins one-at-a-time hash algorithm in Java:
public static int hash(int key) {
int hash = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
hash += (key >> (i * 8)) & 0xFF;
hash += (hash << 10);
hash ^= (hash >> 6);
}
hash += (hash << 3);
hash ^= (hash >> 11);
hash += (hash << 15);
return hash;
}
This implementation takes an integer key as input and produces a 32-bit hash value as output. It uses a loop to process each byte of the key in turn, adding it to the hash value and performing some bitwise operations to mix the bits together. Finally, it applies some additional mixing operations to produce the final hash value.
The Jenkins one-at-a-time hash algorithm is a good choice for integer keys because it is fast, simple, and produces a good distribution of hash values for most inputs.
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why do kitchen cabinets bathtubs and attic openings require special framing details
Answers
A steam power plant is represented as a heat engine operating between two thermal reservoirs at 800 K and 300 K. The temperature of the steam in the boiler is 550 K and the temperature of the saturated water in the condenser is 330 K. The rates of heat transfer in the boiler and condenser are 4 MW and 2 MW, respectively. Please answer the following.
Required:
a. Represent the devices present in the heat engine and include their name along with the data given in the problem.
b. If this steam power plant were to operate as a reversible heat engine, with the boiler and condenser temperatures, what would be its thermal efficiency?
c. Use your result from part (b) to determine if the actual steam power plant can achieve such thermal efficiency. Justify your answer.
d. For the actual steam power plant is the Clausius inequality satisfied? Show you computation and discuss whether your result agrees or disagrees with your answer in part (c).
Answers
9. Vacation Days Write a program that prompts the users to enter the num- ber of days they plan to spend on their next vacation. Then compute and report how long that is in hours, in minutes, and in seconds. 10. Theater Concession Sales Movie theaters often make more money on food and drink sales than they do on ticket sales. One particular theater charges $10 for tickets to evening shows and just $3 for kiddie matinees. They have discovered that the average evening patron spends $6.50 on concessions and the aver- age matinee patron spends $8.50 on concessions. Write a program that computes and displays what percent of evening show income and what percent of matinee show income comes from ticket sales and what percent comes from concession stand purchases.
Answers
For vacation duration, here's a Python program that prompts the user to enter the number of days they plan to spend on their next vacation and then computes and reports the duration of the vacation in hours, minutes, and seconds:
Can you provide sample Python programs for calculating vacation duration and movie show income percentages?
For question 9, here's a program in Python that prompts the user to enter the number of days they plan to spend on their next vacation, and then computes and reports the duration of the vacation in hours, minutes, and seconds:
```
days = int(input("Enter the number of days for your next vacation: "))
hours = days ˣ 24
minutes = hours ˣ 60
seconds = minutesˣ 60
print("Your vacation is", hours, "hours long,", minutes, "minutes long, and", seconds, "seconds long.")
```
For question 10, here's a program in Python that computes and displays what percent of evening show income and what percent of matinee show income comes from ticket sales and what percent comes from concession stand purchases:
```
evening_tickets = 10
matinee_tickets = 3
evening_concessions = 6.5
matinee_concessions = 8.5
evening_income = evening_tickets + evening_concessions
matinee_income = matinee_tickets + matinee_concessions
evening_ticket_percent = evening_tickets / evening_income ˣ 100
evening_concessions_percent = evening_concessions / evening_incomeˣ 100
matinee_ticket_percent = matinee_tickets / matinee_incomeˣ 100
matinee_concessions_percent = matinee_concessions / matinee_incomeˣ 100
print("For evening shows, {:.2f}% of income comes from ticket sales and {:.2f}% comes from concessions.".format(evening_ticket_percent, evening_concessions_percent))
print("For matinee shows, {:.2f}% of income comes from ticket sales and {:.2f}% comes from concessions.".format(matinee_ticket_percent, matinee_concessions_percent))
```
This program calculates the income for both evening and matinee shows, and then calculates the percentages of income from ticket sales and concessions. The results are displayed with two decimal places using the `"{:.2f}"` format specifier in the `format()` function.
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5 Systems Modeling
es / SPE(2201 / General / Business System Modelling CAT
2. Business Process Modelling is important to a business due to the following advantages except:
(2 marks)
O a. None of the above
h
O b. Enhances Customization of Business Processes
O c Enhances Competitive advantage
O d. Enhances Process Communication
age
Next pag
Answers
Answer: None of the above
Explanation:
Business process modeling refers to the graphical representation of the business processes of a company, which is vital in the identification of potential improvements.
Business pticess modelling can be done through graphing methods, like data-flow diagram, flowchart etc. It is vital as business managers can effectively and quickly communicate their ideas.
It also enhances the customization of business processes, enhances the competitive advantage and enhances the process communication as well.
Therefore, the answer to the question will be "None of the above".
In which of the following ways does Bo Lim describe prophets in the Old Testament story of Israel?
a. Intermediaries
b. God's messengers
c. Poets
d. all of the above
Answers
We can see here that Bo Lim describes prophets in the Old Testament story of Israel in: d. all of the above
What is Old Testament?The Old Testament, also known as the Hebrew Bible, is the first major section of the Christian Bible and an important religious text in Judaism. It is a collection of religious writings and sacred texts that were compiled and preserved by the ancient Israelites and later adopted by the early Christian community.
The Old Testament contains various genres of literature, including historical narratives, laws, poetry, wisdom literature, and prophetic writings.
Bo Lim describes prophets in the Old Testament story of Israel as intermediaries, God's messengers, and poets.
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A refrigerator is made of which technology
Answers
Answer:
sheet metal
Explanation:
1. Declare a variable named num with an
initial value of 0. Create a while loop that
will print "Keep going" as long as the value
of num is less than 5. Use window.alert()
for displaying the output.
2. Create a function named showProd that
returns the product of n1 and n2.
3. Using the new keyword, create an array
named info with three (3) values: your first
name, your nickname, and your last name.
Answers
The code to
Declare a variable and increment with a while loop until the variable is not less than 5Create a function that returns the product of two numbersUses the new keyword to create an arraywere written in JavaScript and are found in the attached images
Declaring a variableThe first code declares a variable called num and gives it an initial value of 0. It then enters a while loop that lauches a message box (using window.alert) to print the message "Keep going" as long as num remains less than 5.
If nothing is done within the loop to increment num towards the value 5, the loop will go on endlessly notifying the user to "Keep going".
So, an increment of 1 was added to the loop body to increment the variable num. This makes sure the loop terminates.
Creating a function that returns the product of two numbersHere, a function was created that receives two arguments (n1 and n2), then returns the product (n1 * n2)
Declaring an ArrayThis last code segment creates an array using the new keyword. The new keyword is generally used in constructing objects.
In this case the object constructed is an array having three strings;
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when your path of travel is restricted you will need to adjust
Answers
When travel is restricted, adapt your route or plans accordingly to navigate around obstacles or find alternative means of transportation.
When faced with travel restrictions, such as road closures, detours, or limited access to certain areas, it becomes necessary to make adjustments to your planned route or mode of transportation. This could involve finding alternative routes or means of travel to reach your destination. Adapting to these restrictions is crucial to avoid delays, inconvenience, or even legal issues. It requires flexibility and the ability to assess the available options effectively. Adjustments may involve using public transportation, seeking alternative routes, or rescheduling travel plans altogether. By being proactive and adaptable in the face of travel restrictions, you can ensure a smoother and more efficient journey.
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You have the assignment of designing color codes for different parts. Three colors are used on each part, but a combination of three colors used for one part cannot be rearranged and used to identify a different part. This means that in green, yellow and violet were used to identify a cam shaft, yellow, violet and green (or and combination of these three colors) could not be used to identify a pinion gear. If there are 35 combinations, how many colors are available
Answers
Answer:
7 available
Explanation:
Since 3 colors are available r = 3
Total combination = 35
nCr = 35 ---1
nCr = n!/(n-r)!r!---2
We put equation 1 and 2 together
n-1)(n-2)(n-3)!/n-3)! = 35x 3!
We cancel out (n-3)!
(n-1)(n-2) = 210
7x6x5 = 210
nC3 = 35
7C3 = 35
So If there are 35 combinations, 7 colors are available.
Thank you!
The available colors are illustrations of combination, and there are 7 colors available.
The given parameters are:
\(Total = 35\) --- the number of combinations
\(r = 3\) -- the number of colors in one combination.
The number of combinations is calculated using:
\(Total = ^nC_r\)
Where n represents the number of colors available.
So, we have:
\(35= ^nC_3\)
Apply combination formula
\(35= \frac{n!}{(n - 3)!3!}\)
Expand the numerator
\(35= \frac{n(n - 1)(n - 2)(n - 3)!}{(n - 3)!3!}\)
Cancel out the common factors
\(35= \frac{n(n - 1)(n - 2)}{3!}\)
Expand
\(35= \frac{n(n - 1)(n - 2)}{3 \times 2 \times 1}\)
\(35= \frac{n(n - 1)(n - 2)}{6}\)
Multiply both sides by 6
\(210= n(n - 1)(n - 2)\)
Rewrite the equation as
\(n(n - 1)(n - 2) = 210\)
Using a graphing calculator, we have:
\(n = 7\)
Hence, the number of colors available is 7
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Electricity is the flow of electrons from a negatively charged
material to a positively charged material.
Answer- TRUE
Answers
electric current refers to directional negative-to-positive electrons from one atom to the next. Liquid conductors and gas conductors, electric current refers to electrons and protons flow in the opposite direction.
If the change in pressure required to reduce the volume of water by 0.3% is 6.60 MPa, determine the bulk modulus of the water.
Answers
Answer: 2.2GPa
Explanation:
Based on the information given, the bulk modulus of the water will be calculated as:
dv/v = 0.3% = 0.003
dP = 6.6MPa
Bulk modulus will now be:
= 6.6/0.003
= 2200
= 2.2GPa
what does the mechanical energy of a system include?
Answers
Mechanical energy refers to the energy that a system possesses due to its motion or position. The mechanical energy of a system includes both potential energy and kinetic energy.
Potential energy is the energy that a system possesses due to its position, while kinetic energy is the energy that a system possesses due to its motion. The mechanical energy of a system can be calculated using the equation
E = K + P,
where E is the total mechanical energy, K is the kinetic energy, and P is the potential energy.
The mechanical energy of a system is conserved, which means that it cannot be created or destroyed but can only be transferred from one form to another. For example, when a ball is thrown into the air, it has both potential and kinetic energy. As it rises, its potential energy increases while its kinetic energy decreases. At the top of its trajectory, the ball has zero kinetic energy and maximum potential energy. As the ball falls back to the ground, its potential energy decreases while it's kinetic energy increases until it hits the ground, and all its mechanical energy is converted into heat and sound energy.
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Convenience items like liquid egg are a lot more expensive?
True
Or False
Answers
Answer:
True
Explanation:
It's just because of the processing
Why do you have to know each testing tools?
Answers
Answer:
YAH A BLINK
Explanation:
If u are asking about softwares
then,
Software testing tools are often used to assure firmness, thoroughness and performance in testing software products.
\(#Liliflim\)
since every tool is important, it is also important that we know and learn how to use it for the coming of the day so we can fix the things that are broken to us.
An airline ticket counter forecasts that 220 people per hour will need to check in. It takes an average of 2 minutes to service a customer. Assume that arrivals are poisson distributed and service times exponentially distributed and that customers wait in a single queue for the first available agent.
a) If we want the average time a customer spends in the queue and in service to be 10 minutes or less, how many ticket agents should be on duty?
b) There airline wants to minimize the cost of idle ticket agents and the cost of customers waiting in the queue. The salary of a ticket agent is £12 per hour and the cost of a customer waiting in the queue is £5 per customer per hour. How many ticket agents should be on duty?
Answers
A) Number of agents required to achieve a wait time of 10 minutes or less = 8 agents
B) The number of agents required on duty to reduce cost = 9 agents
Given data :
Arrival rate of customers ( β ) = 220 per hour
Service rate ( mu ) = 60 minutes / 2 minutes = 30 customer per hour
utilization ( rho ) = 220 / 30 ≈ 7
at least 8 server personnel are required for stability of the queue
A) Determine the number of agents required to achieve a wait time of 10 minutes or less per customer
waiting time = 10 - 2 = 8 minutes
number of customers waiting ( ∝ ) = 7 and required server = 8
assuming Lq = 5.2266
Hence the waiting time in line = Lq / arrival rate
= 5.2266 / 220 = 0.0238 hour
= 0.0238 * 60 = 1.428 minutes
Since the waiting time ( 1.428 minutes ) is less than the original waiting time ( 2 minutes ) the number of agents that will achieve a wait time of 10 minutes or less is = 8 agents
B) Determine the number of ticket agents that should be on duty to minimize cost
salary of ticket agent = £12 per hour
cost of customer waiting in queue = £5 per hour per customer
i) When 8 agents are used
waiting time of customers = 0.0238 * 220 = 5.236
waiting cost for customers = 5.236 * 5 = £26.18
employee cost = 8 * 12 = £96
∴ Total cost = 96 + 26.18
= £ 122.18
ii) When 9 agents are used
waiting time for customers = 0.0074 * 220 = 1.628
Wq = 1.6367 / 220 = 0.0074
waiting cost for customers = 1.6367 * 5 = £ 8.1835
assuming Lq = 1.6367
employee cost = 9 * 12 = £ 108
∴ Total cost = 108 + 8.1835 = £ 116.18
From the calculations in ( i ) and ( ii ) the Ideal number of ticket agents that should be on duty to minimize cost should be 9 agents.
Hence we can conclude that A) Number of agents required to achieve a wait time of 10 minutes or less = 8 agents and The number of agents required on duty to reduce cost = 9 agents.
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what are the importance of crystallography in geology
Answers
The importance of crystallography in geology is that it is used in phase identification of minerals.
What is crystallography?Crystallography can be defined as the study of minerals and it's description according to geometrical observation.
In geology, minerals are resources of major economic importance and they are mostly crystalline. This simply explains the role of crystallography in geology.
Therefore, the importance of crystallography in geology is that it is used in phase identification of minerals.
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vết nứt tế vi là gì?
Answers
The ____________________ is used to measure the power required to operate a device.
Answers
A power analyser (not sure, I don’t do engineering) Imaoo
Answer:
multimeter
Explanation:
there's several devices that are used to measure power. the most common one is a multimeter. there's also the voltmeter and ammeter or the oscilloscope.
Which XXX outputs the following? You have 3 Pencils. Total Price: 60 #include #include typedef struct Data_struct { int itemCount; double price; char name[20]; } Data; Data myData; void updateltemCount(int x) { myData.itemCount = x; } void updateltemPrice(double p) { myData.price = p; } void updateltemName(char n[20]) { strcpy(myData.name,n); }
double totalPrice() { XXX } int main(void) { int number = 3; double price = 20.0; char name[] = "Pencil"; double total; updateltemCount(number); updateltemPrice(price); updateltemName(name); total = totalPrice(); printf("You have %d %ss.", number, name); printf("Total Price: %.Of", total); return 0; } O return itemCount * price; return myData.itemCount * myData.price; 0 return price * number; total = myData.itemCount * myData.price;
Answers
The XXX output of the following coding is return myData.itemCount * myData.price;. The correct option is B.
What is the output?The output, which might take the form of text on a screen, printed materials, or sound coming from a speaker, is how the computer displays the outcomes of the operation.
totalPrice() function returns a double value.
So, XXX should be a return statement.
We can access itemCount of myData using
myData.itemCount
We can access pri
ce of myData using
myData.price
So, the return statement should be
return myData.itemCount * myData.price;
Therefore, the correct option is B. return myData.itemCount * myData.price;.
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A small football promotion office is being designed for Jacksonville, Florida. The design heating and cooling loads are 61,200 and 55,400 Btu/h, respectively, based on 99.6% and 1% outdoor design dry-bulb temperatures. Balance point has been estimated as 65 F.
(a) Select an appropriate heat pump from the XYZ Corporation models listed on the next page and estimate the energy costs for summer and winter if electricity is 8 cents/kWh
(b) Compare the heating energy cost for the heat pump to that for a condensing gas furnace with natural gas costing $1.20 per therm
Answers
Comparing the energy costs, we can see that the heat pump is more cost-effective in both summer and winter, with estimated costs of $1.60/season and $3.84/season, respectively.
(a) From the XYZ Corporation models listed, we can choose the 4-ton model with a SEER of 16 and a HSPF of 9.5. Using the energy consumption formula of E = P * t, where E is the energy consumption in kWh, P is the power consumption in kW, and t is the time in hours, we can estimate the energy costs for summer and winter. For summer, assuming an operating time of 8 hours per day and 100 days per season, the energy consumption would be:
Energy consumption = (4 kW / 16 SEER) * 8 hours/day * 100 days/season = 20 kWh/season
Energy cost = 20 kWh/season * $0.08/kWh = $1.60/season
For winter, assuming an operating time of 12 hours per day and 120 days per season, the energy consumption would be:
Energy consumption = (4 kW / 9.5 HSPF) * 12 hours/day * 120 days/season = 48 kWh/season
Energy cost = 48 kWh/season * $0.08/kWh = $3.84/season
(b) For the condensing gas furnace, assuming an efficiency of 95%, the heating capacity would be:
Heating capacity = 55,400 Btu/h / (0.95) = 58,316 Btu/h
The heating load is less than the heating capacity of the gas furnace, so the furnace would not need to operate at full capacity. Assuming the furnace operates at 50% capacity, the gas consumption would be:
Gas consumption = 58,316 Btu/h * 0.50 * 1 therm / 100,000 Btu = 0.292 therm/h
For winter, assuming an operating time of 12 hours per day and 120 days per season, the gas consumption would be:
Gas consumption = 0.292 therm/h * 12 hours/day * 120 days/season = 420.48 therms/season
Gas cost = 420.48 therms/season * $1.20/therm = $504.58/season
Comparing the energy costs, we can see that the heat pump is more cost-effective in both summer and winter, with estimated costs of $1.60/season and $3.84/season, respectively.
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In poor weather you should___ your following distance
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Under a subsection for geological hazards the buyer is encouraged to obtain an read the booklet
Answers
Answer:
Buyer is encouraged to obtain and read the booklet entitled "The Homeowners Guide to Earthquake Safety." In most cases a questionnaire within the booklet must be completed by Seller and the entire booklet given to the Buyer if the Property was built prior to 1960.
Question 59
Marks: 1
______ has the responsibility for internal housekeeping and for monitoring all waste discharges in terms of types and quantities.
Choose one answer.
a. Industry
b. NCR
c. NEPA
d. State health departments
Answers
The correct answer to this question is "c. NEPA." NEPA stands for the National Environmental Protection Agency, and they are responsible for overseeing environmental regulations and monitoring waste discharges. They have the authority to enforce penalties and fines for companies that do not comply with their regulations.
In addition to monitoring waste discharges, NEPA also has responsibility for internal housekeeping, which refers to the management and control of waste within a company's facilities. This includes proper disposal of hazardous materials, maintaining clean and safe working conditions, and implementing procedures to reduce waste and improve efficiency. Overall, NEPA plays an important role in protecting the environment and ensuring that companies are responsible for their internal waste management and external waste discharges.
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