In a mycorrhizal symbiotic relationship, one function that is definitively not accomplished is competition between the host plant and the fungi for resources.
Instead, this relationship is characterized by mutual benefits, where the fungi receive sugars from the plant, while the plant benefits from increased nutrient uptake and enhanced stress tolerance provided by the fungi.
The one function that is definitively not accomplished in a mycorrhizal symbiotic relationship is nitrogen fixation. Mycorrhizal fungi can help plants with nutrient uptake, particularly phosphorus, but they do not fix nitrogen. This function is typically carried out by other types of microorganisms, such as nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
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Explain the processes involved in the transportation of absorbed
nutrients throughout the body.
Answer:
Absorption: The process of absorbing nutrients occurs primarily in the small intestine. Once the food is broken down into smaller molecules through digestion, these molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream. For example, carbohydrates are broken down into simple sugars, proteins into amino acids, and fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
Circulatory System: The circulatory system, composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, plays a crucial role in transporting absorbed nutrients. The blood vessels form an extensive network that reaches all tissues and organs in the body.
Hepatic Portal System: After absorption, most of the nutrients are transported to the liver through a specialized system called the hepatic portal system. This system ensures that the liver, which performs various metabolic functions, receives a concentrated supply of nutrients before they are distributed throughout the body.
Bloodstream Transport: Once in the bloodstream, nutrients are carried by the plasma, the liquid component of blood. Different nutrients use specific mechanisms for transport:
Glucose: It is transported by facilitated diffusion or active transport, depending on the concentration gradient, with the help of insulin.
Amino Acids: They are transported through the bloodstream by specific carrier proteins.
Fats: Dietary fats are initially packaged into structures called chylomicrons and transported through the lymphatic system before entering the bloodstream. Once in the bloodstream, fats are carried by lipoproteins such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).
Distribution to Tissues: As the blood circulates, nutrients are distributed to various tissues and organs according to their specific needs. Nutrients are delivered to cells through the capillaries, the smallest blood vessels in the body, which have thin walls that allow for the efficient exchange of nutrients and waste products.
Cellular Uptake: Nutrients are taken up by cells through various mechanisms. For instance, glucose enters cells with the help of insulin, while amino acids are transported into cells through specific carrier proteins. Fats are taken up by cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis or by diffusion.
Metabolism: Once inside the cells, nutrients undergo metabolic processes to produce energy or build new molecules. Glucose, for example, can be metabolized through glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP, the cell's energy currency.
Waste Removal: Metabolic byproducts, such as carbon dioxide and urea, are generated during nutrient metabolism. These waste products are transported back into the bloodstream and eventually eliminated from the body through the lungs (carbon dioxide) or the kidneys (urea).
It's important to note that different nutrients may have different transport mechanisms and pathways. The body's ability to efficiently transport and utilize absorbed nutrients is vital for maintaining proper functioning and overall health.
Mutation may occur in gametes or in body cells. In which cell type is a mutation likely to be source of genetic variation for ?
Answer:
Una mutación es el cambio al azar en la secuencia de nucleótidos o en la organización del ADN (genotipo) de un ser vivo,1 que produce una variación en las características de este y que no necesariamente se transmite a la descendencia. Se presenta de manera espontánea y súbita o por la acción de mutágenos. Este cambio estará presente en una pequeña proporción de la población (variante) o del organismo (mutación). La unidad genética capaz de mutar es el gen, la unidad de información hereditaria que forma parte del ADN.2
En los seres pluricelulares, las mutaciones solo pueden ser heredadas cuando afectan a las células reproductivas.3 Una consecuencia de las mutaciones puede ser, por ejemplo, una enfermedad genética. Sin embargo, aunque a corto plazo pueden parecer perjudiciales, las mutaciones son esenciales para nuestra existencia a largo plazo. Sin mutación no habría cambio, y sin cambio la vida no podría evolucionar.
Explanation:
Before you can predict if an object will sink or float in a liquid, what do you need to compare?
1 You must compare the size of the object to the density of liquid.
2 You must compare the density of the object to the amount of liquid.
3 You must compare the density of the object to the density of liquid.
4 You must compare the mass of the object to the amount of liquid.
Answer:
the 3rd choice and ignore this stuff because brainly makes me write an answer with 20 letters for some reason
You are studying a population of Dlugosch’s Small Octopus that has been suffering from a skin disease. In your work, you find that some individuals have more resistance (immunity) to the disease than others. You remember learning about life history trade-offs in your Ecology class, and you hypothesize that immunity trades off with investments in other major life history traits in the octopuses. You decide to design a study to test whether higher immunity leads to a lower number of eggs produced by females.
9. State a prediction for what the results of your study would look like if they support the hypothesis given in the Mission.
Make a figure of results that would be consistent with that prediction:
Label y axis with the variable that should be on the
Label x axis with the variable that should be on the
Draw results bars or lines consistent with your prediction
If the infection reduces the population size of the octopus, would you predict an r or a K strategy would be more likely to evolve (based on what we discussed in class)? Explain why that life history strategy would be favored in a small population, and give at least two traits associated with the strategy that you predict.
If higher immunity leads to a lower number of eggs produced by females in Dlugosch's Small Octopus, then there will be a negative correlation between immunity level and egg production.
A K approach would be more likely to develop if the illness causes the octopus population to decline. Resources are few in a tiny community, therefore long-term stability and survival are prioritized over rapid population expansion. The K approach emphasizes having fewer kids while allocating more resources to ensuring their survival and welfare. In a small population, the following two characteristics connected to a K strategy might be more prevalent:
Increased parental care: Parents invest more time and resources in raising a smaller number of offspring to increase their chances of survival and reproductive success.
Delayed maturation: Individuals take longer to reach reproductive maturity, allowing them to invest more time in growth, development, and building up resources before reproduction.
These traits help ensure the survival and success of the limited number of offspring in a small population, aligning with the K-selected life history strategy.
In this figure, the y-axis represents the number of eggs produced by females, and the x-axis represents the immunity level of the octopuses. The bars or lines would show a decreasing trend as the immunity level increases, indicating a negative relationship between immunity and egg production.
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temperate phage genes that encode toxin production may cause a normally harmless bacterial species to become pathogenic. this is an example of .
A typically innocuous bacterial species may develop pathogenicity as a result of temperate phage genes that encode toxin synthesis. Here's an illustration of lysogenic conversion.
Temperate phages can integrate their DNA into the bacterial chromosome and become dormant or lysogenic. However, some of the integrated phage genes can encode toxins or other virulence factors that can transform the bacteria into a pathogen.
The phage genes that encode these virulence factors are expressed in the bacterial host cell, leading to the production of toxins that can harm other organisms or cause disease in humans. This process is particularly concerning because it can rapidly turn a harmless bacterial strain into a dangerous pathogen.
Lysogenic conversion has been documented in several bacterial species, including Corynebacterium diphtheriae, which causes diphtheria, and Vibrio cholera, which causes cholera. This process underscores the importance of understanding the complex interactions between bacteria and their phages and highlights the potential risks associated with the spread of phage-encoded virulence genes in the environment.
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Which term is described as body systems working together to regulate the internal environment?
O A. bioanalysis
OB. symbiosis
O c. homeostasis
O D. circulation
PLS HURRRYY
Natural selection is the unequal survival that results from the presence or abrenes of
a. cell walls.
b. particular traits.
C. learned behaviors.
d. breeding
The more you drive over the speed limit the more likely you will die in a fatal car accident this is an example of what type of relationship
A crash is more likely at high speeds because it takes longer to halt or slow down. Because crash energy rises exponentially with speed, they also make collisions more lethal.
What happens to the damaged moving autos at a higher speed?A car that travels at a faster speed than the other vehicles on the road also has a greater collision rate. When vehicles collide at higher speeds, both the driver who caused the collision and the other motorist sustain more severe injuries.
Do imposed speed restrictions lessen accidents?When the speed limit is lowered from 30 mph to 20 mph in built-up areas on non-arterial highways, there is normally an average drop in casualties of at least 20%.
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List one organism and describe all of its adaptations.
Adaptation is a mechanism of species to survive and reproduce in their environments, adjusting to selective pressures. Cactus: leaves, stems, spines.
What is adaptation?
In biology, adaptation might be defined as the mechanism of organisms to improve their fitness in the environment in which they live, adjusting to different changes and selective pressures acting on them.
Adaptation involves molecular, physiological, morphological, and behavioral changes.
For these changes to persist and be transmitted from generation to generation, they must increase the individual's fitness. They must increase the individual survival and reproductive probabilities, making it more competitive.
A good and easy to unsderstand example of adaptation is the cactus.
Cactusses are plants adapted to dry and hot environments like deserts, where water availability is scarse and temperatures are high.
To avoid dehydration, cactusses have developed wide palmated or cilindirical stems and reduced or vestigial leaves.
They use stem tissues to store water. Vestigial or reduced leaves to avoid transpiration and water loss.As their leaves are not developed, their stems photosynthetize to produce organic compounds.
Some species are very rich in water and nutrients, so they turn to be covetted by other species. Animals living in the same environment look for them as a source of food.
To avoid predation, cactusses have developed large and numeros spines that are leaves modifications. This is another adaptation to avoid being eaten by animals and avoid loosing water through leaves.
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Which of the following statements correctly describes a characteristic of the phylum Platyhelminthes? They are radially symmetrical. They are diploblastic. O They are dorsoventrally flattened. They are all parasitic. O They typically reproduce asexually.
The statement "They are dorsoventrally flattened" correctly describes a characteristic of the phylum Platyhelminthes.
Why Platyhelminthes are commonly known as flatworms?Platyhelminthes, commonly known as flatworms, exhibit a dorsoventrally flattened body shape. This means that they have a flattened body with the upper side (dorsal) and lower side (ventral), giving them a thin and broad appearance. The dorsoventral flattening allows them to live in aquatic environments and move efficiently in thin spaces or crawl along surfaces.
The other statements provided are not accurate for the phylum Platyhelminthes:
Platyhelminthes are bilaterally symmetrical, not radially symmetrical. Bilateral symmetry means that their body can be divided into two similar halves along a central axis.
They are triploblastic, meaning they have three primary germ layers during embryonic development (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm). They are not diploblastic, which refers to organisms having two germ layers.
While some species of Platyhelminthes are parasitic, not all of them are. The phylum includes both parasitic and free-living species.
Platyhelminthes have various reproductive strategies, including both sexual and asexual reproduction, depending on the species. They do not exclusively reproduce asexually.
Therefore, the statement "They are dorsoventrally flattened" accurately describes a characteristic of the phylum Platyhelminthes.
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Which is not a way that ATP is used for mechanical work?
Movement at the cellular level.
Muscle contractions
Movement of the flagellum
Joining monomers to form a polymer
Answer:
Joining monomers to form a polymer
Explanation: because monomers and polymers are what make up a fiber whereas ATP ( Adenosine triphosphate) is the energy currency of a cell.
Pooja has green eyes while her parents and brother have black eyes. Pooja’s husband Ravi has black eyes whil his mother has green eyes and his father has black eyes.
On the basis of the above given information, is the green eye colour a dominant or a recessive trait? Justify your answer.
What is the possible genetic makeup of pooja’s brother’s eye colour?
50% of the offspring of Pooja’s brother are green eyed.with the help of cross show how this is possible.
The green eye color is a recessive trait because Pooja's parents and brother have black eyes, and recessive traits are expressed only in homozygous (parents are heterozygous). The possible genetic makeup of Pooja’s brother’s eye color is homozygous dominant AA or heterozygous Aa.
What is a homozygous dominant individual?A homozygous dominant individual is one that has a domain allele by duplicated instead of another allele for the same locus. In a heterozygous individual, the dominant allele masks the expression of the recessive allele that causes the trait such as occurs in green eyes that are expressed in recessive homozygous individuals.
In the cross here we can be denoted the domain black eye alle as 'A' and the recessive green eye alle as 'a', thereby the cross between heterozygous parents is:
A a
A AA Aa
a Aa aa
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the green eye color is recessive.
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Help me! pretty please?
Nick is standing outside waiting for his mother to pick him up after swim practice. He is wet and it is really cold. His body temperature falls below homeostasis levels.
explain: what system, organs, hormones, and/or neurotransmitters are involved? How are they involved?
what occurs in arteries that results in the disease called atherosclerosis?
Answer:
Atherosclerosis is a specific type of arteriosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis is the buildup of fats, cholesterol and other substances in and on the artery walls. This buildup is called plaque. The plaque can cause arteries to narrow, blocking blood flow. The plaque can also burst, leading to a blood clot.
Although atherosclerosis is often considered a heart problem, it can affect arteries anywhere in the body. Atherosclerosis can be treated. Healthy lifestyle habits can help prevent atherosclerosis.
Explanation:
a 1-ml aliquot of a urine sample was placed into a tube which contains 5-ml of growth media. after making this dilution, 0.25 ml was plated onto a nutrient agar plate and incubated overnight at 37 degrees. the following day the plate was evaluated for colony growth and 97 discrete colonies were counted. what was the cfu/ml of bacteria in the original sample?
The cfu/ml of bacteria in the original sample is 2328. There are different methods that can be used to determine the cfu/ml of bacteria in a sample.
There are different methods that can be used to determine the cfu/ml of bacteria in a sample.
However, one of the methods involves the use of the formula: CFU/ml = (number of colonies counted / volume plated) x dilution factor. Given the following information: a 1-ml aliquot of a urine sample was placed into a tube which contains 5-ml of growth media.
After making this dilution, 0.25 ml was plated onto a nutrient agar plate and incubated overnight at 37 degrees. the following day the plate was evaluated for colony growth and 97 discrete colonies were counted. The volume plated is 0.25 ml.
The dilution factor can be calculated as follows: 1 ml sample was diluted in 5 ml growth media, therefore: dilution factor = (volume of sample/volume of sample + volume of diluent) = (1/1+5) = 1/6. Thus, the dilution factor is 1/6.Substituting the values into the formula: CFU/ml = (number of colonies counted / volume plated) x dilution factor= (97/0.25) x 1/6= 2328 CFU/ml.
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2. Which statement is NOT part of the cell theory?
O Cells come from existing cells
O Cells are the basic unit of life
O Cells are all the same on the inside
OLiving organisms are made up of one or more cells
Answer:
O Cells are all the same on the inside
Which statement best describes how plants and animals maintain the flow of matter through an ecosystem?
A) Plants produce the sugar molecules and only animals can break down sugar molecules.
B) Plants are needed to decompose organic matter which is added to the ecosystem by animals.
C) Plants produce oxygen needed by animals and animals produce carbon dioxide needed by plants.
D) Plants are needed to convert carbon into carbon dioxide, which is required by animals to produce sugar molecules.
Answer:
C is the best answer
Explanation:
This answer depicts a flow of matter in an ecosystem.
Plants produce oxygen needed by animals and animals produce carbon dioxide needed by plants (Option C).
What is photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is a series of chemical reactions by which plants can produce carbohydrates by using carbon dioxide and solar radiation.
Animals produce carbon dioxide which is used by plants during the process of photosynthesis.Animals can use this oxygen by a cellular process known as cellular respiration.In conclusion, plants produce oxygen needed by animals and animals produce carbon dioxide needed by plants (Option C).
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BIO HELP
right answer gets brainliest
Which statement best describes what is happening in the cell above?
The cell is in anaphase because the sister chromatids have separated.
The cell is in prophase because the sister chromatids have condensed.
The cell is in telophase because the chromosomes are still paired.
The cell is in metaphase because the chromosomes have replicated.
Based on the stages of cell division, the picture depicts the process of anaphase because the sister chromatids have separated
What is cell division?Cell division on is the process by which cells divide to produce new daughter cells.
The process of cell division is of two types known as mitosis and meiosis.
Cell division occurs in four stages:
anaphaseprophase telophase and metaphaseIn anaphase, the sister chromatids separates.
Therefore, the picture depicts the process of anaphase because the sister chromatids have separated
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running, lifting a book, and sweeping a floor are all actions associated with the use of which nervous system?
Running, lifting a book, and sweeping a floor are all actions associated with the use of the somatic nervous system.
The somatic nervous system (SNS) is a part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and is responsible for carrying sensory and motor information to and from the central nervous system (CNS). It is involved in the voluntary control of body movements through the skeletal muscles, as well as the reception of external stimuli.
The somatic nervous system controls the nerves and has sensory and motor functions, so actions such as running, lifting a book, and sweeping the floor, which require voluntary control of the muscles, are associated with the somatic nervous system.
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Question 6 of 10 Asexual reproduction can be a disadvantage to a population.
A. Its genetic diversity is reduced
B. It uses more energy in reproduction.
C. It does not grow too quickly.
D. its members find mates using no energy
You are a scientist on the soloman islands. You are assigned with making recommendations
Biodiversity Conservation: The Solomon Islands are home to rich biodiversity, containing singular environments and endangered class.
What is the recommendations?It is important to plan out biodiversity preservation through system which controls organization and administration of protected fields, in the way that nationwide parks and sea reserves
Climate Change Adaptation: The Solomon Islands are vulnerable to the impacts of temperature change, containing climbing ocean levels, raised frequency of extreme weather occurrences, and sea acidification. It is main to expand and implement agreement actions that focus on marshy care, tenable land use preparation, and trend-resilient foundation
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a biome is identified by its particular set of abiotic factors, like ____ and _______…and its biotic factors, like ______ and ______.
A biome is identified by its particular set of abiotic factors, such as climate and soil characteristics, and its biotic factors, such as plant and animal species.
Abiotic factors refer to non-living components of the environment that influence the characteristics of a biome. These factors can include temperature, precipitation, sunlight, humidity, wind patterns, soil type, and nutrient availability. Abiotic factors play a crucial role in shaping the physical and chemical conditions of an ecosystem, which in turn influence the types of organisms that can thrive in that biome.Biotic factors, on the other hand, are the living components of an ecosystem. These factors include the various species of plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms that interact with each other and their environment within the biom1e.Biotic factors contribute to the biodiversity and ecological dynamics of a biome, as organisms rely on each other for food, shelter, reproduction, and other ecological interactions.
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In 1980, the __________ was passed to identify hazardous wastes and their life cycles.
A)
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
B)
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
C)
Integrated Waste Management ACT (IWMA)
D)
Americal Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)
E)
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
Answer:
E
Explanation:
Right on Edg
Answer:
e.) CERCLA
Explanation:
CERCLA was passed in 1980 as a way to begin developing practices to handle and clean up hazardous wastes.
What is Riccia?
Ty... ಠ∀ಠ
Riccia is a bryophyte.
Riccia is a genus of liverworts within the order Marchantiales. these vegetation are small and thalloid, that isn't always differentiated into root, stem and leaf.
Riccia is a bryophyte. Bryophytes have sporophytes which increase on the gametophyte.it's far formed after syngamy and is dependent on the gametophyte for vitamins. A based sporophyte is a function characteristic of bryophytes
The genus Riccia (liverworts) are small thalloid flora that aren't differentiated into roots, stems and leaves. they're dichotomously branched and shape rosettes. they're typically monoecious and their sexual organs are antheridia and archegonia. Asexual replica is by the mode of spores.
Riccia, genus of liverworts (small, creeping flowers) in the order Marchantiales, widely distributed all through the world.
Riccia fluitans is the most effective really aquatic liverwort in Florida. plants were accrued from scattered locales inside the northern, central, and southern areas. not like most different liverworts, it floats freely in tangled clumps or mats below the water floor.
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______ plants are divided into flowering plants and non flowering plants
Answer:
Phanerograms (Phanerogramae)
Explanation:
The seed bearing plants can be classified into two groups: Gymosperms and Angiosperms. The gymnosperms generally have hidden seed and angiosperms have special reproductive organs like flowers. They also show double fertilization and triple fusion.
If all of our senses ultimately send the same kind of electrical signals to the brain, how do we end up with our distinct sensory and perceptual experiences?.
Since the senses are received by different parts of the brain according to the situation of the body, that is why we have distinct sensory and perceptual experiences.
Senses are the ability of the body to feel the changes or happenings around their body. This action is mediated by the different organs and regulated by the brain.
Brain is the center for the regulation of all the activities of the body. It resides inside the skull where it is protected from injuries. The brain is divided into left and right hemispheres and has three parts: the forebrain, the midbrain and the hindbrain. Different parts of the brain regulate different actions of the body.
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A woman with type ab blood and a man with type o blood have a child. Which type of blood could the child have?.
A or B blood types are likely to be present in the children of an AB blood type mother and an O blood type man. O or AB blood types couldn't be accommodated.
Can an A blood type woman and an ab blood type father an O blood type child?An O child can occasionally be born to an AB parent. It is in no way typical, though. In reality, it's true to say that it's really rare. Usually, an AB parent and an A parent can only conceive Type A or Type B offspring.
Can AB receive a negative signal from O?AB negative donors can donate blood to people with AB negative blood. I am a negative donor.
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3. Gonzalez L, Gibbons E, Bailey R, Fairbourn J, Nguyen T, Smith S, Best K, Nelson J, Judd A, Bell J. The influence of membrane physical properties on microvesicle release in human erythrocytes. PMC Biophysics 2009;2:7.
Exposure of human erythrocytes to elevated intracellular calcium causes fragments of the cell membrane to be shed as microvesicles. This study tested the hypothesis that microvesicle release depends on microscopic membrane physical properties such as lipid order, fluidity, and composition.
What is erythrocytes?Red blood cells, also known as red blood corpuscles, haematids, erythroid cells, or erythrocytes, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's primary means of delivering oxygen to body tissues through blood flow through the circulatory system.
Vitamin B12 is required by your body to produce red blood cells. To provide vitamin B12 to your cells, do the following: You must consume vitamin B12-containing foods such as meat, poultry, shellfish, eggs, fortified breakfast cereals, and dairy products. Your body must absorb an adequate amount of vitamin B12.
Red blood cells contain a special protein called hemoglobin, which aids in the transport of oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and then returns carbon dioxide from the body to the lungs for exhalation.
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Some students were building a model of a
digestive system. Which choice best
describes a process they should show with
their model?
F Tissues digest food for the organ
system to absorb.
GCells digest food, which is then
absorbed by organs.
Organs digest food by working
together as a system.
(H)
The organ system uses specialized
cells to digest food.
The digestive process is divided into four steps: ingestion, chemical and mechanical food breakdown, nutrient absorption, and expulsion of indigestible food.
What does the digestive process entail?
The digestive process starts as soon as something is chewed. In order for food to pass more easily through your esophagus and into your stomach, saliva, a digestive juice produced by your salivary glands, moistens the food. The carbs in food also begin to be broken down by an enzyme found in saliva.
Motility, digestion, absorption, and secretion are the four fundamental functions of the digestive system. Our digestive system transforms our food into energy that we can use.
The digestive system's initial function is to take in food through the mouth. The "ingesting" procedure must take place before anything else can happen.
The complete question is:
Some students were building a model of a digestive system. Which choice best describes a process they should show with their model?
a) F Tissues digest food for the organ system to absorb.
b) G Cells digest food, which is then absorbed by organs.
c) Organs digest food by working together as a system.
d) The organ system uses specialized cells to digest food.
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Name two structures that are found in plant cells but
are not found in animal cells. What are the functions
(job) of these two structures in plant cells?
Make sure to identify the structure before explaining
the function.
Answer using at least 2 complete sentences.
The structures present in the plant cell but absent in animal cells are chloroplast, cell wall and vacuoles.
A membrane-bound organelle called a plastid, or chloroplast, is a kind that primarily facilitates photosynthesis in plant and algal cells. While releasing oxygen from water in the cells, the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll absorbs energy from sunlight, transforms it, and stores it in the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle is the mechanism by which organic molecules are produced from carbon dioxide using ATP and NADPH.
A cell wall is an external structural layer that surrounds some types of cells. It may be hard, flexible, or occasionally rigid. It serves as a filtering mechanism, structural support, and protection for the cell. A membrane-bound cell organelle known as a vacuole. Animal cells typically have tiny vacuoles that aid in the sequestration of waste. Vacuoles in plant cells aid in preserving the equilibrium of water. A single vacuole may occasionally occupy the majority of a plant cell's inner volume.
Hence, plant cell contains different organelle as compared to animal cell.
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