The number of parameters needed to represent a naive Bayes classifier with n variables and a Boolean label is 2⁽ⁿ⁺¹⁾-1 =2 × 2ⁿ -1 =2n + 1
Boolean feature, there are two possible values:
2ⁿ possible combinations of values for all n Boolean features.
For each of these combinations, we need to compute the probability of the Boolean label being true or false.
2 possible values for the Boolean label as well.
To estimate a total of 2⁽ⁿ⁺¹⁾ probabilities:
2ⁿ conditional probabilities for each Boolean feature, and 2 probabilities for the Boolean label.
Each conditional probability is estimated by counting the number of times a certain combination of values occurs in the training data, and dividing by the number of times the corresponding feature value occurs. This requires one count per combination of feature values, or 2ⁿ counts in total.
The total number of parameters needed for a naive Bayes classifier with n Boolean variables and a Boolean label is:
2⁽ⁿ⁺¹⁾-1 =2 × 2ⁿ -1 =2n + 1
The number of parameters needed is proportional to the number of Boolean features and is independent of the size of the training set.
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In the following questions, you’ll be analyzing the underlined text and giving answers about the process of solving them. You can do this in an uploaded file, writing in the text box, or by making a recording of yourself:
For the following underlined text, what information does this text give you that would help you answer the problem? In other words, what free hint does this text give you?
I find a planet which is covered with craters. What age is the surface of this planet?
For the following underlined text, make an inventory of the information you’d have to know in order to answer this question.
Most planets will produce an absorption-line spectrum. Why is that?
For the underlined text below labeled A, what purpose does the word ‘than’ tell you about the kind of answer you’ll be giving?
For the underlined text below labeled A, what part of it is the actual question being asked?
For the underlined text below labeled A, what part of it is a hint?
For the underlined text below labeled A, what purpose do the parentheses ( ) serve?
For the underlined text below labeled A, what concept would a student begin their written answer with?
For the underlined text below labeled A, what concept would a student end their written answer with?
Using size balance (pressure vs. gravity) and temperature balance (energy created vs. energy lost), explain why being a more massive star causes it to be more luminous than a less massive star.
a. The underlined text indicates that the planet being described has a surface covered with craters, which provides a hint regarding the age of the planet's surface.
b. To answer the question about the age of the planet's surface based on the presence of craters, the following information would be required: the rate at which craters form on planetary surfaces, the processes that might affect the preservation or erasure of craters over time, and any additional geological or astronomical data that could help estimate the age of the surface.
a. The underlined text in the first question states that the planet being discussed is covered with craters. Craters on planetary surfaces are commonly associated with impact events, such as meteoroid or asteroid collisions. The presence of craters suggests that the planet has experienced such impacts, and based on scientific understanding, the frequency and rate of crater formation can provide information about the age of the planet's surface.
b. To determine the age of the planet's surface based on the presence of craters, several factors need to be considered. First, scientists would need to understand the rate at which craters form on the planet's surface. This involves studying impact rates, the population of objects capable of creating craters, and the likelihood of these objects colliding with the planet. This information can be obtained through astronomical observations, laboratory experiments, and theoretical models.
Additionally, the preservation or erasure of craters over time is an important consideration. Geological processes like erosion, volcanic activity, and tectonic movements can alter the appearance and visibility of craters. By understanding these processes and their impact on crater preservation, scientists can estimate the age of the planet's surface based on the number, size, and condition of the craters present.
Furthermore, to make a more accurate estimate, other geological or astronomical data can be utilized. For example, dating methods such as radiometric dating of rocks or the analysis of isotopic compositions can provide independent age constraints. By combining these data points and considering the geological history of the planet, scientists can arrive at an estimation of the age of the planet's surface.
In conclusion, the underlined text provides a hint that the age of the planet's surface can be determined by examining the presence of craters. However, to answer the question accurately, additional information regarding crater formation rates, preservation processes, and other geological or astronomical data is necessary to estimate the age of the surface.
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What document graphically shows how many and what type of resources are estimated to be needed on a project over time?
The document that graphically shows how many and what type of resources are estimated to be needed on a project over time is called a Resource Histogram or Resource Allocation Chart.
A Resource Histogram provides a visual representation of resource requirements for a project. It typically displays the type and quantity of resources needed along the vertical axis and the time duration of the project along the horizontal axis. The chart consists of bars or columns representing different resource categories, such as personnel, equipment, materials, or any other relevant resources. The height or length of each bar represents the estimated quantity or allocation of resources needed during specific time intervals or project phases. This allows project managers and stakeholders to analyze resource availability, identify potential resource bottlenecks or conflicts, and make informed decisions regarding resource allocation and scheduling. By using a Resource Histogram, project teams can gain a clear understanding of resource needs throughout the project's timeline. It assists in resource planning, budgeting, and allocation, ensuring that the right resources are available at the right time to support project activities and achieve project objectives efficiently.
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I mark Brainliest! Games created in Scratch are based on instructions that create a program, but other game design platforms work without any programming.
1. True
2. False
Answer:
TrueTrue
TrueTrue
Explanation:
True
Answer:
the answer is 1. True
Explanation:
please mark me as brainliest
Discuss the Autonomous Robots and Additive Manufacturing contribution to Smart Systems. Why are these two technologies are important for the Smart Systems? Explain the technologies with an example.
Which page layout is most commonly used for a website with a large navigation menu ?
Cartographer website navigation method consists of a single web page containing a list of hyperlinks representing all the pages in the website.
A cartographer is "a person who creates or produces maps," according to the Oxford Dictionary of English app. According to the online Merriam-Webster definition, a cartographer is "one who produces maps." Additionally, a cartographer is defined as "someone who makes or draws maps" in the online version of the Cambridge Dictionary.
The creation of maps, graphs, and other graphics, as well as the maintenance of their standardization for various project and technical reports.
Performs geographic analysis on the data after creating, recording, and/or digitally extracting geospatial or statistical data from a number of sources.
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What is ABC computer?
Answer: The Atanasoff–Berry computer was the first automatic electronic digital computer. Limited by the technology of the day, and execution, the device has remained somewhat obscure. The ABC's priority is debated among historians of computer technology, because it was neither programmable, nor Turing-complete.
Explanation:
Describe what aspect of a cache exploits spatial locality.
Cache exploits spatial locality in the aspect of data retrieval from nearby addresses that are likely to be requested soon.
The principle of spatial locality assumes that data that is accessed recently will be accessed again in the future because the algorithm access data within a close memory location.
Caches are organized with multiple levels, with the highest level being the smallest and fastest cache.
The lowest level is the largest but slowest cache.
The levels allow for quick access of data from the cache.
When data is stored in the cache, it is stored in blocks or lines, which are used to increase the speed of data access.
The data requested is transferred to a higher level, so that the CPU can execute the request.
The next time the CPU requests data, the cache is checked first, and if the data is found in the cache, it is accessed from the cache instead of the main memory which is much faster.
The exploitation of spatial locality reduces the time it takes for the CPU to execute the request, as the cache memory is faster than the main memory.
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what can be changed when a style is modified?
tables
spelling
text content
font
The options that can be changed when a style is modified is font.
What is the style about?When a style is modified, several elements of the text can be changed, including:
Tables: the format and appearance of tables, such as border style, cell padding, and background color can be modified.
Spelling: the spell checker settings can be adjusted, such as ignoring certain words or adding words to the dictionary.
Text content: the actual text content can be changed, including adding, deleting or modifying text.
Font: the typeface, font size, color, and other font-related attributes can be changed to reflect the desired style.
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If the offer is no longer valid, perhaps because of a timeout or another client taking the lease, the selected server responds with a ___________________ message.
If the offer is no longer valid, perhaps because of a timeout or another client taking the lease, the selected server responds with a "NACK" (Negative Acknowledgment) message.
A NACK message is a type of response message that indicates a failure or rejection of a previous request or message. In this context, the DHCP server sends a NACK message to inform the client that the offered IP address is no longer available and the client needs to request a new address.
The NACK message typically includes a reason code or message indicating why the offer was rejected. The client can then send a new DHCP request message to request a new IP address and other configuration information.
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1.
Which of the following is NOT caused by alcohol?
Answer:
What are the choices
Answer:
Explanation:reduced concentratjon
inhibited comprehension
decreased coordination
increased heart rate
What are the characteristics of a computer that make it different from other devices that hold electricity?
Answer:
Input, used to interact with, or send data to the computer (mouse, keyboards, etc.)
Output, which provides output to the user from the computer (monitors, printers, etc.)
Storage, which stores data processed by the computer (hard drives, flash drives, etc.)
Explanation:
Input, used to interact with, or send data to the computer (mouse, keyboards, etc.)
Output, which provides output to the user from the computer (monitors, printers, etc.)
Storage, which stores data processed by the computer (hard drives, flash drives, etc.)
Question # 3
Fill in the Blank
What is the output?
answer = "Hi mom"
print(answer.lower())
what not understanding
This seems like a good time to ask the basic question, “How’s it going in class?” Feel free to offer constructive feedback about the course. Anything you like about the course so far? Please present at least one paragraph.
Answer:
Explanation:
The class is going great! The open study to start at what assignment I want has helped me make lots of progress and learn as I please. I appreciate the help and updates provided by the teacher. Easy study topics that are still challenging. Fun and adaptable learning experience for me as an online student.
Answer:
It's going pretty good! Open study has helped me learn and progress at my own schedule. Easy study topics with a little extra work.
Explanation:
Question 9 (Essay Worth 2 points)
(06.06 MC
Scientists use supporting evidence to create an explanation. Explain why using evidence to support your explanations is a good
practice.
Using evidence to support your explanations is a good practice because We currently believe that science is the best way to create trustworthy knowledge. It is a collective and cumulative process of evaluating the evidence that results in information that is more accurate and reliable.
Science is based on testable hypotheses and empirical data. Thus, Scientists requires supporting evidence for a scientific theory.
Using evidence to support your point:
In some cases, adding a reference at the end of your sentence is sufficient, but in other cases, you might need to do more. Evidence frequently needs to be analyzed, explained, and interpreted so that the reader can see how it supports your claim.
Although you may believe that the reader can figure it out on their own, it is your responsibility as the writer to do that work. After all, you might have different perspectives, and you want the reader to adopt your logic and frame of reference.
Hence, it's a good practice to always use evidence to support your explanations to make them more effective.
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in cell reference if you copy formula to another cell the cell reference to the formula will change according
Answer:
the type of reference
Explanation:
There are many cell reference types eg relative,absolute and mixed cell referencing. if you write your cell reference in relative type then it will change as you copy it to another cell. if you select absolute cell referencing then it will not change if you copy to another cell.
the standard code of respectful conduct governing the use of software and hardware for electronic communications is called electronic etiquette or
The standard code of respectful conduct governing the use of software and hardware for electronic communications is called electronic etiquette or Netiquette.
What is Netiquette?
Netiquette is a combination of the words net and etiquette. Netiquette thus describes the rules of conduct for respectful and appropriate internet communication.
Netiquette is another term for internet etiquette. These are not legally binding rules, but rather etiquette guidelines. Netiquette is mostly used when dealing with strangers on the internet. The rules of netiquette differ depending on the platform and its users. In general, the type and scope of netiquette is determined by the operator of a website or communication app. It is also their responsibility to monitor and penalize violations of these fundamental rules.
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question 3 of 10: hand held scanners are used primarily to: a) provide accurate counts from bar codes on menu items b) count how many guests are seated at all the tables c) check staff in and out when they work d) keep track of paper goods
Option A is the correct option, Hand-held scanners are primarily used to provide accurate counts from bar codes on items.
A scanner is a digital device that scans the data in the form of images, text, or any other format to make it digital. This makes it easier to store, edit, share, and use data for various purposes. There are various types of scanners available in the market such as flatbed scanners, handheld scanners, drum scanners, sheet-fed scanners, and more.
Handheld scanners are one of the most popular types of scanners used in the retail and hospitality industry. It is a portable scanner that can be used to scan barcodes on products, menus, tickets, and more. They are lightweight, easy to carry, and have a battery-powered operation which makes them ideal for use in areas with limited power sources. Handheld scanners are also used for inventory management, tracking attendance, and more.
In conclusion, the answer to the given question is (A) Provide accurate counts from bar codes on menu items
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List three ideas for checking in with your progress and recognizing completion on your actions.
One idea for checking in with your progress and recognizing completion on your action is to set specific milestones or targets along the way and regularly evaluate your progress towards them.
How can you effectively track your progress and acknowledge completion of your action?To effectively track your progress and acknowledge completion of your action, it is important to establish clear milestones or targets that can serve as checkpoints. Break down your overall goal into smaller, measurable objectives that can be achieved incrementally.
Regularly assess your progress by comparing your actual achievements against these milestones. This will provide you with a tangible way to track your advancement and ensure that you stay on track. Once you reach a milestone or successfully complete a specific objective, take the time to acknowledge and celebrate your achievement.
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Which two statements show cultural effects of computers and the Internet?
O A. Melissa says "LOL" instead of laughing at a joke her friend told.
B. Jake uses the Internet to meet people from other countries online,
C. A city's traffic lights are controlled by a computer algorithm to
help improve traffic
D. A company uses servers instead of paper databases to store
sales data
Answer:
I think it is A, Melissa says "LOL" instead of laughing at a joke her friend told.
Jake uses the Internet to meet people from other countries online, and a city's traffic lights are controlled by a computer algorithm to help improve traffic are the statements that show cultural effects of computers and the Internet. The correct options are B and C.
What is internet?The internet is a worldwide network of interconnected computers and servers that allows users to share, exchange, and communicate with one another.
Jake uses the Internet to connect with people from other countries: The internet has facilitated communication and the exchange of ideas between people from various cultures, leading to a greater understanding and appreciation of different cultures.
A computer algorithm controls traffic lights in a city to help improve traffic flow: This is an example of how technology is being used to make daily life more efficient and sustainable.
Thus, the correct options are B and C.
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Quick!! I'm TIMED!!!
Cloud suites are stored at a(n) ________ on the Internet, rather than on your microcomputer.
blog site
macrocomputer
pod site
server
Cloud suites are stored at a(n) option d. server on the Internet, rather than on your microcomputer.
What is a cloud at the Internet?
"The cloud" refers to servers which might be accessed over the Internet, and the software program and databases that run on the ones servers. Cloud servers are positioned in facts facilities all around the world.
A cloud suite is a cloud computing version that shops facts at the Internet via a cloud computing company who manages and operates facts garage as a service. It's brought on call for with just-in-time capability and costs, and gets rid of shopping for and handling your very own facts garage infrastructure.
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Discuss the core technologies and provide examples of where they exist in society. Discuss how the core technologies are part of a larger system
Answer:
Part A
The core technologies are the technologies which make other technologies work or perform their desired tasks
Examples of core technologies and where they exist are;
Thermal technology, which is the technology involving the work production, storage, and transfer using heat energy, exists in our refrigerators, heat engine, and boilers
Electronic technology is the technology that involves the control of the flow of electrons in a circuit through rectification and amplification provided by active devices. Electronic technology can be located in a radio receiver, printed circuit boards (PCB), and mobile phone
Fluid technology is the use of fluid to transmit a force, provide mechanical advantage, and generate power. Fluid technologies can be found in brakes, automatic transmission systems, landing gears, servomechanisms, and pneumatic tools such as syringes
Part B
The core technologies are the subsystems within the larger systems that make the larger systems to work
The thermal technology in a refrigerator makes use of the transfer of heat from a cold region, inside the fridge, to region of higher temperature, by the use of heat exchange and the properties of the coolant when subjected to different amount of compression and expansion
The electronic technologies make it possible to make portable electronic devises such as the mobile phones by the use miniaturized circuit boards that perform several functions and are integrated into a small piece of semiconductor material
Fluid technologies in landing gears provide reliable activation of the undercarriage at all times in almost all conditions such that the landing gears can be activated mechanically without the need for other source of energy
Explanation:
Core technologies includes biotechnology, electrical, electronics, fluid, material, mechanical, and others.
What are core technologies?Core Technologies are known to be the framework of technology systems. The major Core Technologies includes:
Mechanical StructuralMaterials, etc.They are also called "building blocks" of all technology system as without time, technology would not be existing today.
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if you had a chance to see what your life would be like in 20 years
tina f. is the school nurse at warner elementary school. one of nurse tina’s responsibilities is to provide health education to students. each week, nurse tina visits each classroom to teach and reinforce a variety of health topics, ranging from personal hygiene to safety to mental health. today, nurse tina is planning a hand washing lesson for her fourth-grade students. she knows that these fourth graders have been taught the proper way to wash their hands because she taught them how when they were in second grade. her goals for this lesson consist of reinforcing hand washing methods and helping students understand the reasons why hand washing is so important. nurse tina decides to start the class by reviewing how and when hands should be washed. then, nurse tina will discuss what germs are (tiny "bugs" that make you sick) and how they are spread (coughing, sneezing, and not washing your hands). to illustrate the concept of spreading germs, she decides to use a glitter demonstration. with glitter representing germs, nurse tina will pour a small amount of glitter into every other student’s hand. then, "glitter" students will shake the hands of "non-glitter" students. the class will see that the glitter will spread to the new student’s hand, just as germs are spread when hands are not washed properly. to end the lesson, nurse tina will have all students wash their hands one by one as nurse tina supervises and corrects the students if they make a mistake in the process.
Nurse Tina has all the students wash their hands one by one while she supervises and corrects any mistakes in the process.
This practical exercise allows students to put into practice what they have learned and ensures that they understand the proper way to wash their hands.
In this scenario, Nurse Tina is planning a hand washing lesson for her fourth-grade students. Her goals for the lesson are to reinforce hand washing methods and help students understand the importance of hand washing.
Nurse Tina starts the lesson by reviewing how and when hands should be washed. She then discusses what germs are and how they are spread, using the example of coughing, sneezing, and not washing hands. To illustrate the concept of spreading germs, Nurse Tina conducts a glitter demonstration. She pours a small amount of glitter into every other student's hand, representing germs. The "glitter" students then shake hands with the "non-glitter" students, showing how germs spread when hands are not washed properly.
Nurse Tina has all the students wash their hands one by one while she supervises and corrects any mistakes in the process. This practical exercise allows students to put into practice what they have learned and ensures that they understand the proper way to wash their hands. By reinforcing the importance of hand washing and providing a hands-on demonstration, Nurse Tina effectively educates her students on the topic.
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What are the primary uses of computer?
Answer:
Explanation:
Internet commerce, buying and selling items. emailing, and z00m meeting now :D
A goal a student plans to achieve by tomorrow is described as a(n) A. extended goal. B. short-term goal. C. normative goal. D. long-term goal.
Answer:
I believe is B
Explanation:
its a short term goal-
Answer:
b
Explanation:
What should you look for in the firefox browser in the bottom right corner of the window that indicates the web site is secure?
Answer:
it should tell you if you have a anti virus
The scope of a local variable is
a. inside the parentheses of a method header.
b. the entire class.
c. the method in which it is defined.
d. inside the class but not inside any method.
The scope of a local variable is limited to the method in which it is defined. (Option C)
How is this so?Local variables are declared within a method and are only accessible within that method.
They cannot be accessed from other methods or outside the method.
The scope of a local variable begins when it is declared and ends when the method execution completes or the variable goes out of scope due to the method block's termination.
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3.2.1.1 if statements checkpoint 4
An IF statement is a way to make decisions based on a condition.
What is an IF statement?
It has two possible outcomes: one for when the condition is true, and one for when it is false. For example, in Excel, you can use an IF statement to check if a cell value is “Yes” or “No” and return a different number accordingly. You can also combine IF statements with other functions like AND, OR and NOT to test multiple conditions2. Here is an example of an IF statement in Excel:
=IF(A1>10,“Large”,“Small”)
This formula checks if the value in cell A1 is greater than 10. If it is, it returns “Large”. If not, it returns “Small”. This is how you can use an IF statement to control the flow of your program or spreadsheet based on a logical test.
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Kayla wants to know whether she should set her network up as a WAN or a LAN. What are the three questions you would ask her, and how would those questions affect your recommendation?
Answer:
I would ask her: One, how large will the business be? Two, how secure she wants/needs the connection to be. And three, how much money she is willing to spend to install and/or maintain her network.
Since Kayla is just starting her business, my recommendation would be to set up her network as a LAN. A LAN is a group of computers and network devices connected together, and most often reside in one building. Kayla's business will start small, so it is not needed to set up her network as a WAN. WAN's are usually not restricted to a geographical location, and can be expanded to cover a whole country, or even a planet. A LAN would make sense in the coverage aspect, since Kayla's business has not expanded yet.
Depending on how secure she wants her network to be, she can choose whether or not she uses WAN or LAN. WAN is less secure, as it covers a large geographical area, while LAN is more secure. LAN is more secure because it covers a smaller area. I would recommend using LAN as it is better to have a secure network as a business.
Finally, Kayla needs to address the cost of setting up and maintaining a LAN or WAN. I would recommend that Kayla uses a LAN because as a starting business, it is important to allocate money properly. LAN's usually cost less to install and maintain due to it's smaller geographical radius, so it would be best to choose to set up her network as a LAN.
Explanation:
How can perfection be attained on sync?
Perfection can be attained by practicing anything. Perfection on sync can be attained by using and knowing its every function.
What is sync?In computers, synchronization (or syncing, sync) is the process of constantly guaranteeing that data in one location is an identical clone of data in another location.
When you press the "sync" button, the device transfers data from your phone to the service's servers. If you swap phones and your new phone has Syncing capabilities, you can restore your contacts and documents to the phone.
Therefore, anything can be practiced to achieve perfection. Perfection on sync can be obtained by using and understanding all of its functions.
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