What is the mass number, symbol, and charge of an atom that contains 19 protons, 20 neutrons and 19 electrons?

Boyle's and Avogadro's Laws all include Gases and the constant K which is therefore denoted as option I and II.

Boyle's law states that the pressure of an ideal gas increases as its container volume decreases and it was coined by a scientist known as Robert Boyle.

Avogadro's law on the other hand states that equal volumes of gases at constant pressure and temperature tend to occupy the same number of molecules and they both involve gases and have a constant which therefore makes it the correct choice.

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Answer: are there any answer choices? If not I think MOTION

Explanation: hope that’s right, have a great day!! :)

Explanation:

The angle strain arises from the compression of the ideal tetrahedral bond angle of 109.5° to 60°. The large torsional strain occurs since all CH bonds on adjacent carbons are eclipsed.

The lateral angle that decrease in the lateral angle from 109.5 to 60 degree so, these is the main source of angle strain and torsional strain present in cyclopropane.

Angle strain is the term for strain that results from departure from one or more ideal bond angles. Torsional strain is a chemical compound's resistance to bond twisting. Torsional strain between the bonds occurs when atoms separated by three bonds are arranged in an unstable staggered conformation rather than an eclipsed shape.

It exists in cyclopropane because its C-C-C bond angles must not exceed 60 degrees, which is less than the optimum bond angle of 109.5 degrees for tetrahedral carbon. It is the cause of these.

We are aware that three carbon atoms in a triangle plane break the cycle and cause each carbon to be sp3 hybridized. All carbon endeavors are sp3 hybridized, and we are aware that the sp3 hybrid angle is 109 degrees, 28 minutes at 109.5 degrees. But the single angle in cyclo-propane is only 60 degrees.

Personal strain results from the bending of bonds necessary to form a new molecule. The primary source of the angle strain and torsional strain found in cyclopropane is the decrease in lateral angle from 109.5 to 60 degrees.

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Answer:

Before we can sketch the Lewis structures of molecules, we must first understand the octet rule. The octet rule asserts that when atoms combine to create compounds, electrons are gained, lost, or shared among them, resulting in a stable electron configuration defined by eight valence electrons as a result. These rules are used in conjunction with the main-group components of the second period.

Explanation:

Hope it helps:)

Answer: A.) It is a compound

Explanation:

Water is an inorganic compound made of water molecules, which are made of oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

It is not an element because there is no such thing as a water atom.

Water is not a chemical reaction to anything.

Water is OBVIOUSLY not a metal.

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Answer:

sharing of electrons between atoms

Answer:

man my brain like that to

Explanation:

Answer:

man my brain like that to

Explanation:

Although intermolecular forces are significantly weaker than intramolecular forces of attraction, they are still significant because they affect how molecules behave in terms of their melting and boiling points, densities, and enthalpies of fusion and vaporization.

An intermolecular force is an attracting force that develops between the protons of one molecule and the electrons of another molecule's negative components. A substance's various physical and chemical properties are influenced by this force.

Contrary to intermolecular forces, which are the forces that exist between molecules, intramolecular forces are any forces that hold the atoms of a molecule or compound together.

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Answer:

B. The electrode where reduction occurs

Explanation:

Electrochemical cells have two conductive electrodes, one is called the anode and the other is the cathode.

The anode is defined as the electrode where oxidation occurs.

The cathode is the electrode where reduction takes place.

One of the options in the question is 22.4 L, which is the value for the volume of 1mol of gas in the old STP definition. Since there is no option for the updated STP conditions, we will need to assume it want in this old one.

In the old STP conditions, 1 mol of gas occupies 22.4 L, so we can use the rule of three to calculate how many moles are in 45.0L:

22.4L --- 1mol

45.0L --- n

Now, we want to convert to mass. Consulting the molar mass of CO₂, we can see that it is approximately 44.01g/mol, which is one of the optios. That is, in 1 mol of CO₂ there are 44.01 g. Using the rule of three:

1 mol --- 44.01 g

n --- m

Inputting the n we calculated earlier, we have:

So, there is approximately 88.4g of CO₂.

Answer:

Explanation:

Hess’s law derives directly from the law of conservation of energy, as well as its expression in the first law of thermodynamics. By Hess’s law, the net change in enthalpy of the overall reaction is equal to the sum of the changes in enthalpy for each intermediate transformation: ΔH = ΔH1+ΔH2+ΔH3.

The acid dissociation constant of a weak monoprotic acid if the concentration of the acid is 0.3M and it has a pH of 3 is 3 × 10⁻⁶.

The acid dissociation constant (Ka) is the equilibrium constant for an acid dissociation reaction.

Let's consider the acid dissociation of a generic weak acid.

HA(aq) = H⁺(aq) + A⁻(aq)

The pH of the solution is 3.

pH = -log [H⁺]

[H⁺] = antilog -pH = antilog -3 = 1 × 10⁻³ M

The concentration of the acid (Ca) is 0.3 M. For a weak monoprotic acid, we can calculate the acid dissociation constant using the following expression.

[H⁺] = √(Ca × Ka)

Ka = [H⁺]² / Ca

Ka = (1 × 10⁻³)² / 0.3 = 3 × 10⁻⁶

The acid dissociation constant of a weak monoprotic acid if the concentration of the acid is 0.3M and it has a pH of 3 is 3 × 10⁻⁶.

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The number of atoms : 33

Given

The chemical formula: 3Mg(OH₄)₂

Required

The number of atoms

Solution

The chemical formula of a compound shows the mole ratio and the number of each of its constituent components (number of atoms)

Usually, the ratio of the elements in a compound is indicated by their subscript number after the monoatomic or polyatomic in the compound

While the coefficient in front of the compound indicates the number of molecules

In the chemical formula 3Mg (OH₄) ₂, there are 3 molecules of Mg (OH₄) ₂, so the number of atoms of the elements:

Mg = 3

O = 3 x 2 = 6

H = 3 x 4 x 2 = 24

Total atoms = 3 + 6 + 24 = 33

Answer:

The Answer will be provided below, please pay attention in class next time so that you don't have to be in a hurry like you are in now.

Explanation: The correct option is:

Both fossil fuels and wind energy can be used to produce electricity. However, burning fossil fuels does pollute the atmosphere, while using Earth's wind does not. Both fossil fuels and wind energy contribute to climate change, but the use of fossil fuels is much more damaging to the environment than the use of wind power.

Fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy that are formed over millions of years by the decomposition of organic matter. They release harmful greenhouse gases when burned, contributing to climate change. In contrast, wind energy is a renewable source of energy that uses turbines to harvest the power of wind. Wind energy does not produce any emissions, making it an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels. While wind turbines can have some impacts on wildlife and habitats, the impact is much less severe than the effects of fossil fuel extraction and burning.

Added Part: Fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy that are derived from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago. These sources include coal, oil, and natural gas. Wind energy, on the other hand, is a renewable source of energy that is generated by the kinetic energy of wind.

Here are some comparisons between fossil fuels and wind energy:

Environmental Impact: Fossil fuels have a significant negative impact on the environment. Burning fossil fuels produces greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change. The extraction of fossil fuels also has negative impacts on the air, water, and soil. Wind energy, however, has a very small environmental footprint. Wind turbines do not produce any emissions and do not require any water to generate electricity.

Energy Availability: Fossil fuels are abundant and have been the primary source of energy for decades. On the other hand, wind energy is a relatively new source of energy and the technology is still developing. However, the availability of wind energy is significant, as wind is a renewable source that is constantly available.

Sustainability: Fossil fuels are non-renewable, which means they will eventually run out. As the demand for energy continues to increase, the availability of fossil fuels will decrease. Wind energy is a renewable source of energy that will never run out.

Here are some pros and cons of both fossil fuels and wind energy:

Fossil Fuels:

Pros:

Reliable source of energy

High energy density

Large global infrastructure

Cons:

Non-renewable source of energy

Significant environmental impact

Price instability

Wind Energy:

Pros:

Renewable source of energy

Small environmental footprint

Low operating costs

Cons:

High initial costs for building wind turbines

Wind is an inconsistent source of energy

Can create noise pollution for surrounding communities

From the attached image, the volume of the air column is 300 mL and the temperature of the gas is 3°C.

The relationship between the temperature and the volume of a given mass of air is described by the gas law known as Charles's law. According to this law, the volume of a fixed amount of gas (such as air) held at constant pressure is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (measured in Kelvin). In other words, as the temperature of the air increases, its volume will also increase, and vice versa.

Mathematically, Charles's law can be expressed as:

V ∝ T

where V is the volume of the gas, T is its absolute temperature, and the symbol "∝" means "is proportional to".

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The appropriate product are: 2Na(s) + F₂(g) → 2NaF(s), Na(s) + 1/2F₂(g) → NaF(s) and H₂(g) + 1/2O₂(g) → H₂O(g).

The prοcess by which οne οr mοre substances, referred tο as reactants, are changed intο οne οr mοre distinct substances, referred tο as prοducts, by the rearranging οf atοms and the breaking and fοrming οf chemical bοnds, is referred tο as a reactiοn. Chemical equatiοns that display the reactants οn the left and the prοducts οn the right, with an arrοw pοinting in the reactiοn's directiοn, can be used tο describe chemical reactiοns.

The amοunt οf energy released οr absοrbed when οne mοle οf a cοmpοund is prοduced frοm its cοmpοnent elements in their standard states at 1 atm and 25°C is knοwn as the standard enthalpy οf fοrmatiοn, οr Hf. The reactants must be in their standard states and the prοducts must be οne mοle οf the cοmpοund created frοm the cοnstituent elements in their standard states fοr a reactiοn tο have Hrxn equal tο Hf οf the prοduct(s).

These standards allοw us tο cοnclude that the subsequent reactiοns cοmply with the requirements:

2Na(s) + F₂(g) → 2NaF(s)

Na(s) + 1/2F₂(g) → NaF(s)

H₂(g) + 1/2O₂(g) → H₂O(g)

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The mass of hydrogen needed to produce 51.0 grams of ammonia is  ≈ 9.07 grams.

To determine the mass of hydrogen required to produce 51.0 grams of ammonia (NH3) using the Haber process, we need to calculate the stoichiometric ratio between hydrogen and ammonia.

From the balanced chemical equation:

3 H₂(g) + N₂(g) → 2 NH₃(g)

We can see that for every 3 moles of hydrogen (H₂), we obtain 2 moles of ammonia (NH₃).

First, we need to convert the given mass of ammonia (51.0 grams) to moles. The molar mass of NH₃ is 17.03 g/mol.

Number of moles of NH₃ = Mass / Molar mass

                     = 51.0 g / 17.03 g/mol

                     ≈ 2.995 moles

Next, using the stoichiometric ratio, we can calculate the moles of hydrogen required.

Moles of H₂ = (Moles of NH₃ × Coefficient of H₂) / Coefficient of NH₃

           = (2.995 moles × 3) / 2

           ≈ 4.493 moles

Finally, we can convert the moles of hydrogen to mass using the molar mass of hydrogen (2.02 g/mol).

Mass of H₂ = Moles × Molar mass

          = 4.493 moles × 2.02 g/mol

          ≈ 9.07 grams

Therefore, approximately 9.07 grams of hydrogen is needed to produce 51.0 grams of ammonia in the Haber process.

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The structural formula of butanol is C4H9OH. It consists of a chain of four carbon atoms, with a hydroxyl (-OH) group attached to one of the carbon atoms. Butanol has several structural isomers, which have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

A structural isomer is a compound that has the same molecular formula as another compound but has a different arrangement of its atoms. A string of 4 C atoms are bonded above, below, left, and right to H, except the second C, which is bonded below to O, which is bonded below to H is a structural isomer of butanol.

This is called butan-2-ol. The structural formula of butan-2-ol is CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3. In this isomer, the hydroxyl group is attached to the second carbon atom in the chain, whereas in butanol, the hydroxyl group is attached to the first carbon atom in the chain.

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Answer: .819 Moles of Air

Explanation: To solve this problem, we will use the Ideal Gas Law which states that PV=nRT. P represents pressure or internal pressure, V is volume, T is temperature, n is moles of a gas, and R is the Universal Gas Constant. For the ideal gas law, R is .08206. R is 8.314 for any other calculation. We are solving for the moles of gas. The gas in this case is air which is a mixture of gases but that isn't important.

Our givens are P = 7.3 atm, V = 2.67 L and T = 17.0°C. We convert T to Kelvin because the Ideal Gas Law requires that. We simply add 273 to the value in Celcius to convert it to Kelvin. Our T is now 290 K. We also know R is our Universal Gas Constant. We can now plug into the law.

(7.3 atm)(2.67 L) = n(.08206)(290 K)

n = ((7.3 atm)(2.67 L))/(.08206)(290 K)

n = .819 moles of air

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The volume of 12 gas forms when 21 L Cl2 react at STP is 21 L.

To determine the volume of 12 gas (I assume you mean I2 gas) formed when 21 L of Cl2 reacts at STP (standard temperature and pressure), we need to use the ideal gas law equation.

The ideal gas law equation is given by:

PV = nRT

Where:

P = pressure

V = volume

n = number of moles

R = ideal gas constant

T = temperature

At STP, the pressure is 1 atm, and the temperature is 273.15 K.

From the balanced equation, we can see that the molar ratio between Cl2 and I2 is 1:1. So, if 21 L of Cl2 reacts, it will produce an equal volume of I2 gas.

Given that the volume of Cl2 is 21 L, we can assume the volume of I2 gas formed will also be 21 L.

Therefore, the volume of I2 gas formed is 21 L.

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Answer: Substance B has stronger bonds, and it takes more energy to undergo a phase change.

Explanation:

Substances with higher boilings have stronger intermolecular forces, and thus require more energy for phase changes to occur.

Answer:

a) 1.5 x 10^-3 mol/L

b) 1.35×10^-8

c) decrease

Explanation:

The solubility of lead II iodide is given by the equation;

PbI2(s) -----> Pb^2+(aq) + 2I^-

By looking at the ICE table, I^-=2x= 3.0 x 10^-3 mol/L/2 = 1.5×10^-3 mol/L

Hence molar solubility of PbI2 = 1.5 x 10^-3 mol/L

Ksp= [Pb^2+] [2I^-]^2 =

Let the molar solubility of each ion be x, therefore;

Ksp= 4x^3

Ksp= 4(1.5 x 10^-3 mol/L)^3= 1.35×10^-8

Addition of kI to the saturated solution will shift the equilibrium position to the left thereby decreasing the solubility of the PbI2 in the system due to common ion effect. The concentration of the iodide ion is now excess in the system leading to the reverse reaction being favoured according to Le Chateliers principle.

a) The molar solubility of PbI₂ is  \(1.5 * 10^{-3} mol/L\)

b) The solubility constant is \(1.35*10^{-8}\)

c) The molar solubility of lead (II) will decrease.

The solubility of lead II iodide is given by the equation;

\(PbI_2(s) ----- > Pb^{2+}(aq) + 2I^-\)

By looking at the ICE table,

\(I^-=2x= 3.0 * 10^{-3} mol/L/2 =\)  \(1.5 * 10^{-3} mol/L\)

Hence, molar solubility of PbI2 = \(1.5 * 10^{-3} mol/L\)

\(Ksp= [Pb^{2+}] [2I^-]^2\)

Let the molar solubility of each ion be x, therefore;

\(Ksp= 4x^3\\\\Ksp= 4(1.5 * 10^{-3} mol/L)^3\\\\Ksp= 1.35*10^{-8}\)

The addition of KI to the saturated solution will shift the equilibrium position to the left thereby decreasing the solubility of the PbI₂ in the system due to common ion effect. The concentration of the iodide ion is now excess in the system leading to the reverse reaction being favoured according to Le- Ch-ateliers principle.

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Which group of elements is considered the most reactive non-metals?

D. Noble Gases

The halogens will be considered the most reactive non-metals.

The halogens are just a group of 4 - 6 individual  elements in a particular periodic table.

A nonmetal is just a chemical element which lacks the majority of properties associated, ranging from colorless gases to gleaming, high-melting-temperature  of the solids.

Each outer shell includes seven electrons, hence group 7 metals would have to gain 1 extra electron to achieve a full outer shell of electrons. When we proceed up the group, this allows us to draw one electron, making it much more reactive.

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Answer:

The chemical formula of barium phosphate is Ba3(PO4)2.

Explanation:

brainlest ples :(

Answer:

621.41 grams

Explanation:

First of all, to find the mass. You have to use the molar mass of AlBr3 to convert from moles to mass.

Second of all, find the molar mass of AlBr3.

Al = 27.0 amu

Br = 79.9 amu

They are 3 bromine atoms and 1 aluminum atom.

So you do this

27.0 + 79.9(3) = 266.7

The molar mass is 266.7 g/mol

Third of all, use dimensional analysis to show your work.

2.33 moles of AlBr3 * 266.7 g/mol / 1 mol

Moles cancel out.

2.33 x 266.7 = 621.411

Your teacher though said to round digits after the decimal point instead of using sig figs.

621.411 rounds to 621.41

So the final answer is 621.41 grams(don't forger the units).

The substance formula is just AlBr3.

That's all.

Hope it helped!

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

Weathering refers to the breakdown of rocks to form soil. There are several agents of weathering.

In warmer regions, there are more vegetation and microorganisms and they increase the rate of biological weathering.

Since weathering leads to the formation of soil and the rate of weathering is greater in warmer climates, it also follows that as temperature increases and more soil is formed, erosion will happen faster at this higher temperature owing to the presence of more soil compared to colder climates.

There is a huge and direct effect of temperature on the rates of erosion.

The highest rate of weathering occurs in warm and wet climate because in warm and wet climatic regions, more rainfall occurs which increase the rate of weathering. Rainfall and temperature can affect the rate in which rock weathering occurs.

High temperatures and greater rainfall increase the rate of chemical weathering. Rocks in tropical regions exposed to abundant rainfall so we can conclude that hot temperatures weather much faster than similar rocks residing in cold, dry regions.

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Answer:

mercury (I) silicate

Explanation:

Answer:

The nitrogen atom is sp³ hybridized

This is trigonal pyrymid shape

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

A compound contains only nitroen (N) and Iodine (I)

The procent of nitrogen by mass = 3.55%

Atomic mass of N = 14.0 g/mol

Atomic mass of I = 126.9 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate mass % of iodine

Mass % iodine = 100 % - 3.55%

Mass % iodine = 96.45 %

Step 3: Calculate number of moles

Let's suppose the total mass = 100 grams

Mass of N = 3.55 grams

Mass of I = 96.45 grams

Moles N = 3.55 grams / 14.0 g/mol = 0.254 moles

Moles I = 96.45 grams / 126.9 g/mol = 0.760 moles

Step 4: Calculate empirical formula

For 0.254 moles N we have 0.760 moles I this is 1:3

This means that for 1 mol N we have 3 moles I

The empirical ( and also the molecular) formula is I3N

The nitrogen atom is sp³ hybridized.

This is trigonal pyrymid shape

The resulting pH of the solution is 1.74(approx).

To solve this problem, we need to use the concept of acid-base equilibrium and the pH scale. The addition of sulfuric acid will increase the concentration of H+ ions in the solution, which will shift the equilibrium of the \(H_2S\)/HS- system. We can use the following equation to calculate the pH of the resulting solution:

Ka = [H+][HS-]/\(H_2S\)]

where Ka is the acid dissociation constant for \(H_2S\), [\(H_2S\)], [HS-], and [H+] are the concentrations of the \(H_2S\), HS-, and H+ ions, respectively.

First, we need to calculate the initial concentrations of\(H_2S\) and HS- in the solution:

[\(H_2S\)] = 0.505 M

[HS-] = 0.505 M

Next, we need to calculate the amount of H+ ions added to the solution by 1 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid. To do this, we can use the following equation:

[H+] = (n/V) = (18.4 mol/L) x (1x\(10^{-3}\) L) = 1.84 x\(10^{-2}\)mol

where n is the amount of sulfuric acid added in moles, V is the volume of the solution in liters, and 18.4 mol/L is the concentration of the sulfuric acid.

Now, we can calculate the new concentrations of \(H_2S\), HS-, and H+ ions in the solution:

[\(H_2S\)] = [\(H_2S\)]0 - [H+] = 0.505 - 1.84x\(10^{-2}\)= 0.486 M

[HS-] = [HS-]0 + [H+] = 0.505 + 1.84x\(10^{-2}\) = 0.524 M

[H+] = 1.84 x \(10^{-2}\)M

Finally, we can use the equation for Ka to calculate the pH of the resulting solution:

Ka = 1.1 x \(10^{-7}\)

[H+] x [HS-]/[\(H_2S\)] = Ka

pH = -log[H+]

Substituting the values, we get:

(1.84 x \(10^{-2}\)) x (0.524)/(0.486) = 1.98 x \(10^{-2}\)

pH = -log(1.98 x \(10^{-2}\)) = 1.74(approx)

Therefore, the resulting pH of the solution is 1.74(approx)

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