Answer:
31 days
Explanation:
nematocysts only occur in cnidarians, but researchers have identified these structures in nudibranchs, a kind of marine slug. please explain.
Nematocysts are specialized stinging cells found only in cnidarians, which include jellyfish, corals, and anemones. However, researchers have recently discovered nematocysts in nudibranchs, a type of marine slug.
Nudibranchs are known for their bright colors and unique shapes, but until recently, they were not thought to possess nematocysts. It is still unclear how nudibranchs are able to use these stinging cells, as they do not have the typical cnidarian body structure. One theory is that they may have acquired the nematocysts through the consumption of cnidarians and incorporated them into their own tissues as a form of defense or predation. The discovery of nematocysts in nudibranchs has opened up new avenues of research into the evolution and diversity of these fascinating marine creatures.
The presence of nematocysts in nudibranchs is an example of a phenomenon called kleptocnidae, which refers to the ability of some animals to steal and use the nematocysts of other animals for their own purposes.
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Explain why a law is accepted as fact, but a theory is not.
Often point mutations can cause a protein to be made that differs in just one amino acid. Which of the following changes is most likely to cause the greatest change in protein function? A) a mutation that replaces a valine with an isoleucine B) a mutation that replaces a glutamic acid with an aspartic acid C) a mutation that replaces an asparagine with a glutamine D) a mutation that replaces a proline with an aspartic acid
Among the given options, the mutation that is most likely to cause the greatest change in protein function is the one that replaces a valine with isoleucine.
Amino acid substitutions can impact protein function depending on the properties of the amino acids involved and their role in the protein's structure and function. Among the given options, the mutation that replaces a valine with an isoleucine is most likely to cause the greatest change in protein function.
Both valine and isoleucine are nonpolar, aliphatic amino acids with similar properties. However, they differ in the side chain length and branching. Substituting a valine with an isoleucine introduces a significant change in the protein's structure, potentially affecting its folding, stability, and interactions with other molecules.
The other mutations involve replacing amino acids with similar properties. The mutations that replace glutamic acid with aspartic acid (option B) or asparagine with glutamine (option C) involve substituting one acidic or polar amino acid with another of similar properties. These changes are less likely to cause drastic alterations in protein function compared to the valine-to-isoleucine substitution.
The mutation that replaces proline with aspartic acid (option D) involves replacing a nonpolar, cyclic amino acid with a polar, acidic one. While this change can affect protein structure, proline has unique properties due to its cyclic structure, and its substitution with aspartic acid may not have as significant an impact on protein function as the valine-to-isoleucine substitution.
In conclusion, among the given options, the mutation that replaces a valine with an isoleucine is most likely to cause the greatest change in protein function, as it alters the hydrophobic properties and can affect the protein's structure and function.
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Characteristic in your own words.
Answer:
a feature or quality belonging typically to a person, place, or thing and serving to identify them.
Explanation:
a weather model applies mathematical equations to
each place on earth weather data have been collected.
the temperature in a location every 30 minutes.
each grid on a three-dimensional grid.
the average weather conditions in an area.
Answer:
c
Explanation: took test
Some of the cells in your body's immune system will travel around in your blood stream or crawl around inside an organ to kill bacteria or viruses they find by "eating" them. What
process do you think those immune cells use to eat the germs? Explain the steps in the process.
Answer:Have the ability to grow and develop
• Use energy to power their life processes
• Respond to their environment
• Maintain a stable internal environment –
(homeostasis)
• Have the ability to reproduce
• Are made of one or more cells
Explanation:
The earth is __blank__This trend most closely follows trends in the Earth's __blank__ Within the Earth's __blank__the component that is likely most responsible __blank__
Complete question:
Fill in the blanks.
The earth is ______ (warming, cooling, static, dynamic). This trend most closely follows trends in the Earth's ______ (albedo, distance from the sun, energy input from the sun, atmosphere). Within the Earth's ______ (albedo, mantle, atmosphere, crust) the component that is likely most responsible ______ (carbon dioxide, magma, water, humans).
Answer:
The earth is warming. This trend most closely follows trends in the Earth's atmosphere. Within the Earth's atmosphere is the component that is likely most responsible for carbon dioxide.
Explanation:
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a gas that, among other gases, composes the atmosphere, mainly the troposphere, which is closest to the Earth. The balance of this gas in nature is very complex and involves interactions between the atmosphere, the plants, and the oceans.
The current increase in CO₂ is a responsible component of the greenhouse effect involved in global warming and climate change. The rise in CO₂ is possibly the best documented.
The atmospheric increase of CO₂ follows a natural fluctuation trend that has been happening throughout the whole Earth´s history. It has been proven that the current rise in CO₂ concentration overlaps the expected variation and that the reached levels at the moment exceed the highest past registered levels. This substantial increase must be related to human activities.
Choose the sentence that correctly uses pronouns.
Whom stopped to pay attention to the street performer?
Everyone from children to dogs out for walks stopped to listen to she.
Him enjoyed her unusual style and mix of instruments.
The singer herself wrote that beautiful song.
\(\sf\purple{D.\:The\: singer\: herself \:wrote \:that\: beautiful\: song.\:✅}\)
\(\large\mathfrak{{\pmb{\underline{\orange{Happy\:learning }}{\orange{!}}}}}\)
Answer:The singer herself wrote that beautiful song.
Explanation:
I got it right when i took the test
transplant immunity causes which of the following reactions? transplant immunity causes which of the following reactions? elongation rejection rejuvenation avoidance acceptance
Transplant immunity causes rejection. When a transplant is performed, the immune system of the recipient recognizes the transplanted tissue as foreign and attempts to destroy it.
This response is called rejection, and it is an immune response against the transplanted tissue. There are two types of rejection: hyperacute rejection, which occurs almost immediately after transplantation and is due to pre-existing antibodies against the donor tissue, and acute rejection, which occurs within the first few months after transplantation and is a cell-mediated immune response against the donor tissue. Chronic rejection is a slow, progressive form of rejection that can occur over months or years after transplantation.
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Adam is a wildlife officer in the panhandle of Florida. He is driving through a wild refuge when he gets to a pond that is covered with blue-green algae. Adam has seen this type of algae before but never in this amount. Sadly, he notes that there are at least four great blue herons who lay dead near the bank of the pond. Which factor MOST likely contributed to the death of so many herons
The most likely factor that contributed to the death of so many herons near the pond covered with blue-green algae is the toxicity of the algae. Blue-green algae, also known as cyanobacteria, can produce harmful toxins that are dangerous to wildlife.
In high amounts, these toxins can cause liver damage, respiratory failure, and neurological problems. When birds like herons consume fish or other prey that have been contaminated with blue-green algae toxins, they can become sick and die. Additionally, birds can become sick simply by coming into contact with the contaminated water. The most likely factor that contributed to the death of so many herons near the pond covered with blue-green algae is the toxicity of the algae. Blue-green algae, also known as cyanobacteria, can produce harmful toxins that are dangerous to wildlife.The high concentration of blue-green algae in the pond suggests that there may have been an excess of nutrients, such as phosphorus and nitrogen, that fueled the growth of the algae. These nutrients can come from agricultural runoff, sewage, and other human activities. As a wildlife officer, Adam should investigate the source of the excess nutrients and work to prevent further contamination of the wildlife refuge. Additionally, he should inform park visitors and nearby residents about the dangers of blue-green algae and the importance of protecting the environment to prevent harmful algal blooms from occurring in the future.
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What two things does Earth's atmosphere do with solar energy?
Answer:
The atmosphere and the surface of the Earth together absorb 71 percent of incoming solar radiation, so together, they must radiate that much energy back to space for the planet's average temperature to remain stable.
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
This layer of air, known as the Earth's atmosphere is retained by gravity. The two main components are nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%). ... The Earth absorbs most of the energy reaching its surface, a small fraction is reflected. ... the ozone layer absorbs solar ultra-violet radiation and affects how much of the Sun's heat
kisspeptin is a signal protein that, in humans, has an important role in initiating secretion of the releasing factor gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh). endocrinologists are finding that the protein kisspeptin and its receptor are central to sexual maturation at puberty. neurons that release kisspeptin carry cytosolic estrogen receptors and are under negative feedback control. which of the following statements is true? kisspeptin is a signal protein that, in humans, has an important role in initiating secretion of the releasing factor gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh). endocrinologists are finding that the protein kisspeptin and its receptor are central to sexual maturation at puberty. neurons that release kisspeptin carry cytosolic estrogen receptors and are under negative feedback control. which of the following statements is true? receptors for kisspeptin will be found in cells of the ovaries. low levels of estrogen would increase kisspeptin synthesis. high levels of estrogen would increase kisspeptin synthesis. receptors for kisspeptin will be found in the cytoplasm of cells in the hypothalamus.
The true statement is that receptors for kisspeptin will be found in the cytoplasm of cells in the hypothalamus. Neurons that release kisspeptin carry cytosolic estrogen receptors, meaning that the estrogen receptors are located in the cytoplasm rather than on the cell membrane. This is important because estrogen feedback control occurs within the cytoplasm.
Low levels of estrogen would increase kisspeptin synthesis, while high levels of estrogen would decrease it. The receptors for kisspeptin are not found in cells of the ovaries, but rather in the hypothalamus where they play a crucial role in sexual maturation and the initiation of puberty.
The true statement among the options provided is: low levels of estrogen would increase kisspeptin synthesis. This is because kisspeptin is a signal protein that plays a crucial role in initiating the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and is central to sexual maturation at puberty. Neurons releasing kisspeptin carry cytosolic estrogen receptors and are under negative feedback control, meaning that low estrogen levels will trigger an increase in kisspeptin synthesis to maintain hormonal balance.
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(a) based on the logo, what five adjacent base positions in the 5' ut region are most likely to be involved in ribosome binding? explain. (b) what is represented by the bases in positions 0-27
(a) Based on the logo, the five adjacent base positions in the 5' UTR region that are most likely to be involved in ribosome binding can be determined by examining the consensus sequence. The consensus sequence is derived by aligning multiple sequences from the same gene or gene family and identifying the most common nucleotide at each position. In the 5' UTR region, the positions that have a high degree of conservation in the consensus sequence are more likely to be involved in ribosome binding. These positions typically contain nucleotides that are important for ribosome recognition and initiation of translation.
(b) The bases in positions 0-27 represent the nucleotides present in the 5' UTR region of a gene. The 5' UTR, also known as the 5' untranslated region, is a sequence of nucleotides located upstream of the start codon of a gene. It does not code for any amino acids but plays important roles in regulating gene expression. The bases in positions 0-27 can contain regulatory elements, such as transcription factor binding sites or secondary structures, that influence the efficiency and timing of translation in
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What do food chains demonstrate? What do they tell us about energy?
Answer:
Explanation:
They demonstrate the flow of energy from one thing to the next. They tell us Energy is a non-stop force.
Answer:
Food chains demonstrate that energy is ever-lasting. It is always transferred from organism to organism, and the cycle just goes on. Everytime an animal eats another, it absorbs that organisms energy and so on.
Explanation:
ok boomer
decomposers are
A. consumers and producers
B. fungus and bacteria
C. autotrophs and heterotrophs
Answer: B. Fungus and Bacteria
Explanation:
they break down the dead and decaying organic matter into a simpler substance.
Shameeka is studying for an exam. She took the notes below about calcium and chlorine, which are known to form ionic bonds.
Calcium, which is a metal, donates 2 electrons to chlorine.
The individual calcium atoms become ions with a negative 2 charge.
The bond between calcium and chlorine makes the atoms stable.
Calcium and chlorine attract each other.
Which best describes Shameeka’s error?
Calcium is a metal, so it donates protons, not electrons.
The individual calcium atom has a positive, not negative, 2 charge.
The bond formed makes the atoms unstable, not stable.
Calcium and chlorine repel, not attract, each other.
Answer:
The individual calcium atom has a positive, not negative, 2 charge.
Explanation:
The error in her study is in the second line of her note which suggests that the individual calcium atoms becomes ions with a negative 2 charge.
When atom loses electrons, it has a net positive charge on it. Not a negative charge. This is because the number of protons is now more than electrons. Therefore, a net charge on the calcium atom will be a positive one. This is her mistake.Answer:
B) The individual calcium atom has a positive, not negative, 2 charge.
Explanation:
Hope this helps. Have a good day!
Which molecule below will be moved across the cell membrane during osmosis?
Question 8 options:
A :CO2, Carbon Dioxide
B.C6H12O6, Glucose
C.H2O, Water
D.ATP
Answer:
H2O, water
Explanation:
because osmosis is the removal of solvent from it's solutions
so water molecules are removed
describe the structure of an atom of argon-38 and argon-40
Answer:
Argon 38 has 18 proton and 20 neutron
Argon 40 has 18 proton and 22 neutron
Explanation:
isotope is same no of proton diff no of neutron
Both argon-38 and argon-40 have 18 protons but they have different atomic masses. The atomic mass of argon-38 is 38u while the atomic mass of argon-40 is 40u. Thus, they are isotopes.
What are isotopes? Some atoms contain the same number of protons (i.e. same atomic number) but they have a different number of neutrons (i.e. different mass numbers). These types of atoms are called isotopes.Argon element has three isotopes namely, argon-36, argon-38 and argon-40. All the three isotopes of argon have the same number of protons i.e. 18. But, all have different numbers of neutrons and thus, different mass numbers. Argon-36 has 18 neutrons, argon-38 has 20 neutrons and argon-40 has 22 neutrons. Thus, the mass numbers of argon-36, argon-38 and argon-40 are 36u, 38u and 40u respectively.Thus, the structure of an atom of argon-38 and argon-40 is slightly different as they are isotopes. Argon 40 has more atomic mass than argon-38. But, both contain the same number of protons. They have similar chemical properties but different physical properties.
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which correctly describes a genetic trait that is sex linked in humans
Answer:
sex linked trait is the one that expresses itself only in one sex.
Are cells living or non living
Answer:
CELLS! Living things use energy, move, consume water and food, etc. Any individual form of life that is capable of growing and reproducing is considered an organism. All organisms get water and other materials from the environment.
Explanation:
at the end of a brainstorming session, participants are often asked to:
At the end of a brainstorming session, participants are often asked to do the following things:Summarize the brainstorming session: This involves summarizing the critical points discussed during the brainstorming session to ensure everyone is on the same page.
The person in charge of the meeting can ask each participant to briefly summarize the ideas presented or list them on a board or screen. This helps ensure that nothing was missed, and all relevant points were captured.Evaluate the brainstorming session: After the brainstorming session, participants are often asked to evaluate how the process went. This is crucial since it helps improve the process for the future.
Evaluating a brainstorming session involves examining what worked well and what didn't and identifying the possible areas of improvement. The facilitator should encourage participants to give honest feedback and take the feedback into account for future meetings.Assign follow-up tasks: One of the primary reasons for brainstorming sessions is to come up with ideas that will improve the organization.
Therefore, after the brainstorming session, participants are usually assigned follow-up tasks. It is vital to ensure that these tasks are assigned and assigned in the right way to keep the momentum going and make sure that the project is moving in the right direction. These tasks should be clear, measurable, achievable, and time-bound. They should also be assigned to the person most capable of handling them.
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Given f(x)=6(1-x) what is the value of f(-8)
According to the given equation f(x) = 6(1-x) if we put the value of x = 8, we will get f(-8) is 54.
The given function f(x) = 6(1-x) is a linear function, where the slope is -6 and the y-intercept is 6. The negative slope indicates that the function is decreasing as x increases.
To find the value of f(-8), we substitute -8 for x in the equation.
f(-8) = 6(1-(-8))
Using the rule of double negatives, -(-8) becomes +8, which simplifies the expression to:
f(-8) = 6(1+8)
Evaluating the expression within the parentheses first, we get:
f(-8) = 6(9)
Finally, multiplying 6 and 9 together, we get:
f(-8) = 54
Therefore, the value of f(-8) is 54.
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How is rDNA made?Restriction enzyme action of EcoRI:
In conclusion, EcoRI is employed to cleave rDNA at its specific recognition site, resulting in pieces with complementary sticky ends that can be joined to generate recombinant DNA.
In recombinant DNA technology, EcoRI is a common restriction enzyme. The short summary of EcoRI's role in rDNA synthesis is as follows: DNA isolation: The first step is to isolate the desired DNA, which can be accomplished in a number of ways depending on the DNA's origin.
A host cell receives the recombinant DNA after which it can reproduce and make many copies of the rDNA. EcoRI addition: The isolated DNA is given EcoRI. A particular sequence of six nucleotides is recognized by the restriction enzyme EcoRI.
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Explain the difference between the Needham experiment and the Spallanzani experiment in terms of
their methods, results, and conclusions.
The Needham experiment was replicated in the Spallanzani experiment, albeit with a few significant modifications.
In an experiment, John Needham in England filled a bottle with broth, cooked it to kill any organisms within, and then sealed it. Days later, he revealed that there was life in the broth and said that it had been generated spontaneously, concluding that this DOES happen. In actuality, his experiment was defective and caused the flasks to become contaminated.By extending the boiling time and securing the flasks from air and germs, Spallanzani altered Needham's experiment. As a result of his failure to spot any growths inside the flasks, he came to the conclusion that spontaneous generation was not feasible.By adding broth to two different bottles, heating the broth in both bottles, and then closing one bottle while leaving the other open, Spallanzani conducted his own experiment. The unsealed bottle was swarming with tiny living things a few days later, which he could see more clearly with the recently created microscope. No evidence of life could be seen in the sealed bottle. This effectively eliminated the possibility of spontaneous generation. Because oxygen was believed to be required for spontaneous generation, experts of the day noticed that Spallanzani had deprived the sealed bottle of air. Because of this, even if his experiment was successful, his arguments were refuted effectively.Learn more about the Needham experiment with the help of the given link:
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which finding in cerebrospinal fluid analysis in aseptic meningitis differs from those of bacterial meningitis? select all that apply
The following findings in cerebrospinal fluid analysis differ in aseptic meningitis compared to bacterial meningitis Presence of elevated white blood cell count with lymphocytic predominance Normal glucose levels
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is an important diagnostic tool in differentiating between bacterial and aseptic meningitis. In bacterial meningitis, CSF analysis typically shows elevated white blood cell count with neutrophilic predominance, low glucose levels, and positive bacterial culture. On the other hand, in aseptic meningitis, CSF analysis usually reveals elevated white blood cell count with lymphocytic predominance, normal glucose levels, and negative bacterial culture. Therefore, the presence of lymphocytic predominance, normal glucose levels, and negative bacterial culture are the findings that differ in aseptic meningitis compared to bacterial meningitis.
The key differences in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis between aseptic and bacterial meningitis include the white blood cell (WBC) count, glucose levels, and protein levels. WBC count: In aseptic meningitis, the WBC count is usually lower than in bacterial meningitis. Aseptic meningitis typically has a lymphocytic predominance, whereas bacterial meningitis has a neutrophilic predominance. Glucose levels: CSF glucose levels are generally normal or slightly decreased in aseptic meningitis, while bacterial meningitis often results in significantly decreased glucose levels. Protein levels: Protein levels in the CSF may be moderately elevated in aseptic meningitis, but they are usually much higher in bacterial meningitis.
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List features shared by plants and charophytes that are not shared with most other eukaryotes
The features which are shared by plants and charophytes that are not shared with most other eukaryotes include:
ChloroplastCellulose structure.What is a Chlorophyll?This is referred to as a type of pigment which is green in color and is found and housed in the organelle known as chloroplast. It also traps the solar energy from the Sun which is required for photosynthetic activities and making of food by them.
Plants and charophytes have shared characteristics such as the presence of chlorophyll a and b and a cellulose structure which makes them rigid which makes them different from other eukaryotes.
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Why is genetic variation important for the long term survival of a population?
Explanation:
According to Darwinism , the survival of the fittest , variation is important because it allows species to adapt to its environment , the stronger in traits is selected and the weakest is unable to adapt and die.
so , variation is the only way for a species to acquire new traits that can enable them to survive and adapt to their surroundings, Normally , Variation is very slow and it requires many generations for new traits to emerge , but it happens.
which plant organelle is the usual site of photosynthesis?
Chloroplast is the plant organelle which is at the usual site of photosynthesis.
Through photosynthesis and oxygen release, chloroplasts sustain plant growth and crop yield by producing energy. As a result, active compounds like amino acids, phytohormones, nucleotides, vitamins, lipids, and secondary metabolites are biosynthesised by chloroplasts.
A chloroplast is distinguished by its two membranes and high chlorophyll content. Other types of plastids, such as the leucoplast and the chromoplast, lack photosynthesis and have little chlorophyll.
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A bacterial culture is growing exponentially. At 7:00 AM, the number of cells was estimated to be 5. 5 X 104 cells. At 11:00 AM, the number of cells increased to 8. 7 X 107 cells. What is the generation time in minutes of the bacteria? Please assume we are in the log phase of growth for this bacterial population. Please show your work
There is exponential bacterial growth. It was calculated that there were 5. 5 X 10^4 cells present at 7:00 AM. As a result, the bacteria's generation period is roughly 29.3 minutes.
Here: N = \(N_{0}\) x 2^(t/g)
Here:
\(N_{0}\) = initial number of cells
N = final no's of cells
t = time elapsed
g = generation time
We can use the information given to solve for g.
At 7:00 AM, \(N_{0}\) = 5.5 x 10^4 cells
At 11:00 AM, N = 8.7 x 10^7 cells
The time elapsed is 4 hours, or 240 minutes.
Substituting these values into the formula, we get:
8.7 x 10^7 = 5.5 x 10^4 x 2^(240/g)
Dividing both sides by 5.5 x 10^4, we get:
1582.7 = 2^(240/g)
Taking the logarithm of both sides (base 2), we get:
log (base 2) (1582.7) = 240/g
Solving for g, we get:
g = 240 / log2(1582.7)
Calculating g, we discover that it is roughly 29.3 minutes. As a result, the bacteria's generation period is roughly 29.3 minutes.
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How are salts formed
Answer:
Salt, in chemistry, substance produced by the reaction of an acid with a base. A salt consists of the positive ion (cation) of a base and the negative ion (anion) of an acid. The reaction between an acid and a base is called a neutralization reaction.
Explanation: