What is an episome in bacteria?
Answers
An episome is a genetic element that exists as a plasmid but can also integrate into the bacterial chromosome, allowing it to be stably inherited by the bacterial cell during cell division. Episomes are found in various bacteria and are characterized by their ability to replicate independently of the chromosome, as well as their ability to integrate into the chromosome.
Episomes often contain genes that confer advantageous traits to the bacteria, such as antibiotic resistance or the ability to utilize unique nutrients. The transfer of episomes between bacterial cells, known as conjugation, plays a crucial role in the spread of antibiotic-resistance genes among bacterial populations. Episomes can exist in two forms: autonomous, where they replicate independently of the chromosome, or integrated, where they have integrated into the bacterial chromosome.
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Related Questions
What role do independent and dependent variables play in a controlled experiment?
Answers
Find 2 plankton, one that exhibits bilateral symmetry, be creative.
Hurry up, and it's due today!
Answers
Answer:
The correct answer is - Diatoms (phytoplankton) and cephalopods like squid (zooplankton).
Explanation:
Bilateral symmetry is the symmetry of the body where one side of the body is the mirror image of the other side of the body. Organisms that are found in the water or can not move without the current of water, called planktons. Planktons can be either animals or plants. The two examples (one from zooplankton and one from phytoplankton) are as follows:
The cephalopods like squid (zooplankton) - The cephalopods are the group of planktons in which most of the organism like squid and others has bilateral symmetry.
Diatoms (phytoplankton) - The most common phytoplankton is diatoms and the pennate diatoms show bilateral symmetry.
when is the dna of the cells' chromosomes copied? a) after g2 b) at the beginning of mitosis c) during s phase
Answers
The DNA of the cells' chromosomes is copied during S phase of the cell cycle.
The full form of DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid. It is a molecule that contains genetic information and instructions for the development and function of living organisms. S-phase or synthesis phase is a stage of interphase, which is the cell cycle's most prolonged phase.
DNA replication occurs in this stage, which means that the cell's DNA is duplicated to prepare for mitosis, which happens during the next stage, the G2 phase.
S phase also ensures that the DNA is correctly copied before being separated during cell division. Chromosome duplication happens in the S-phase of interphase.
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After a long soccer practice, Jack felt his pulse increase. As he cooled down, his pulse began to slow. Since he’d been studying the circulatory system in science class, he knew why his pulse slowed. Jack knows that the blood vessels carry oxygen to the body and pick up carbon dioxide. Drag the words to complete the sentence.
Answers
Explanation: so during his practice hours to fulfil his body's oxygen requirement a person's pulse increases and hence meet up the body's oxygen demand.
The energy that enters or leaves a living system during cellular processes comes from:
A transforming matter into energy
B the kinetic energy of electrons in motion
С
the building or breaking of chemical bonds
D absorbing heat in the environment
Answers
Scientific researchers discovered agents that behaved like bacteria causing diseases such as rabies and hoof-and-mouth, but were much smaller. It became the general view that viruses were biologically "alive." This perception changed in 1935 when the tobacco mosaic virus was crystallized and scientists demonstrated that the particles lacked any mechanisms necessary for metabolic function. It was determined that viruses consisted of a nucleic acid, DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protein shell. Viruses exist in two distinct states. When not in contact with a host cell, the virus remains entirely dormant. During this time there are no biological activities occurring and the virus is nothing more than a static organic particle. Viruses can remain like this for extended periods of time, waiting to come into contact with the appropriate host. When the virus comes into contact with a host, it becomes active, reacts to its environment and/or host and directs its efforts toward self-replication. The viral goal now is to produce more viruses to attack host cells.
The characteristics of life: many are listed in the passage describing viruses. One important piece of evidence arguing against life for viruses is implied by the passage; not stated directly. Viruses are not living, because, as implied by the passage, they
A. Lack a nucleus
B. Have no DNA
C. Are not cellular
D. Do not reproduce
Answers
According to the given passage, viruses are not living because they (C) do not have a cellular organization.
Viruses lack a cellular organization which is a basic feature of all living organisms. A virus is a nucleoprotein, with the genetic material enclosed by a protein coat. The genetic material could be either DNA or RNA. The genetic material is responsible for causing infection in the host.
Viruses are inactive outside their specific host cell. They are non-cellular organisms. They possess an inert crystalline structure outside the living host cell. The protein coat of a virus, i.e. capsid, serves as a protective covering for the genetic material.
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Why does the concentration of CO2 go up and down throughout the year?
Answers
the role of plants in carbon cycle
Explanation:
the amount of CO2 found in the atmosphere varies over the course of a year. much of this variation happens because of the role of plants in carbon cycle...respiration occurs all the time, but domains during the colder months of the year, resulting in higher CO2 levels in the atmosphere during those months.
What are the six steps of the scientific method?(in order)
Options-
Problem question
Report results
Hypothesis
Analyze data and draw conclusions
Report
Analysis
Experimentation
Organize data
Observation
Answers
Answer:
Observation
Problem question
Organize data
Hypothesis
Experimentation
Analyze data and and draw conclusions
Report results
Explanation:
What is being depicted by number 1? *
1 point
Reactants
Products
1
3
4
2
5
energy
carbon dioxide
water
oxygen
glucose
Answers
Explanation:
carbon dioxide water 13425
What are the three main functions of bones?
1.) bones help support and move muscles, protect vital organs, and store essential minerals such as calcium.
2.) bones connect and support internal organs, protect vital organs, and store essential minerals such as calcium.
3.) bones help support and move muscles, protect blood vessels and veins, and store essential minerals such as insulin.
4.) bones connect and support internal organs, protect blood vessels and veins, and store essential minerals such as insulin.
is it 1, 2, 3, or 4?
Answers
Answer:
2.) bones connect and support internal organs, protect vital organs, and store essential minerals such as calcium.
Explanation :
Bone makes up the body’s skeleton. There are 206 bones in the human body.
FUNCTIONS OF BONES:
Bone provides shape and support to the body.
It protects the internal organs present in the body
internal organs present in the body
It acts as a storage site for fats and minerals like calcium etc.,
Bones help in the development of the blood cells.
It helps in facilitating movements.
What is ethanol? What does ethanol do in our system (as it pertains to drinking alcohol?) What is the relatively small size of the ethanol size important
Answers
Ethanol is naturally produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeasts or via petrochemical processes, and is commonly consumed as a popular recreational drug. It also has medical applications as an antiseptic and disinfectant. The compound is widely used as a chemical solvent, either for scientific chemical testing or in synthesis of other organic compounds, and is a vital substance used across many different kinds of manufacturing industries. Ethanol is also used as an alternative fuel source.
Which structure in this plant cell represents the site of ATP production from photosynthesis?
А
B
C
D
Answers
Bro the answer is b your welcome
identify the parts of this food chain. the sun produces provides the energy for grass to grow. a grasshopper eats the grass. a bird swoops down and eats the grasshopper. a bobcat captures and eats the bird. mushrooms breakdown the bobcat when it dies.
Answers
The food chain consists of the following parts: sun, grass, grasshopper, bird, bobcat, and mushrooms.
The food chain begins with the sun, which provides the energy for the grass to carry out photosynthesis and grow. The grasshopper then feeds on the grass, obtaining energy and nutrients from it.
Next, a bird preys on the grasshopper, consuming it as a source of food. The bird, in turn, becomes the prey for a bobcat, which captures and consumes the bird to meet its energy needs.
The food chain does not end with the bobcat. When the bobcat dies, mushrooms come into play. Mushrooms are decomposers, which means they break down dead organic matter.
In this case, the mushrooms break down the remains of the bobcat, aiding in the process of decomposition. They help break down the organic materials and return nutrients back to the soil, completing the cycle.
Thus, the mushrooms play a crucial role in recycling the nutrients from the dead bobcat back into the ecosystem, sustaining the food chain and supporting the growth of other organisms.
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this group began immediately to respond to selection as the weight dropped 4.8 g after one generation and 7.3 g after five generations. based on the results of the reverse selection, what is the most likely explanation for the leveling off of 12-day litter weight in the original population?
Answers
The most likely explanation for the leveling off of 12-day litter weight in the original population will be as follows;
Genetic diversity was reduced or eliminated because the optimum litter size had already been reached.Opposing selection counterattack will increase litter weight even more.The fact that the outcomes of the inverse selection showed an immediate response suggests that there is still a large amount of genetic diversity in the provided query. As a result, the theory of opposing selection is the one that seems to make the most sense here. Additionally, a rise in litter body weight may result in difficulties for the mother during the period that she is pregnant.
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What is the main difference between a scientific law and a theory?
Answers
Answer:A scientific law is something that will happen 100 percent of the time
but a thoery is something u think will happen like a hypothsis
Explanation:
REPOST!!!
Hurry!!!Describe the events of each stage of mitosis. Describe and ILLUSTRATE
Answers
Please mark brainliest to support
Sure, I'd be happy to help!
Mitosis is the process of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells from a single parent cell. The process is divided into four main stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During each stage, specific events occur that ensure the proper separation of the duplicated chromosomes.
Prophase:
During prophase, the chromatin in the nucleus condenses and becomes visible as distinct chromosomes. The nuclear envelope breaks down, and the spindle apparatus, composed of microtubules, forms between the two centrosomes. The chromosomes begin to move toward the center of the cell, and the microtubules attach to the kinetochores on each chromosome.
Illustration of Prophase:
Link of picture unavailable
Metaphase:
During metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate, an imaginary line that runs through the center of the cell. The spindle fibers pull on the chromosomes to ensure they are lined up correctly. The centrosomes are positioned at opposite poles of the cell.
Illustration of Metaphase:
Link unavailable
Anaphase:
During anaphase, the sister chromatids are separated from each other by the spindle fibers and are pulled toward opposite poles of the cell. The spindle fibers not attached to chromatids elongate and push the poles of the cell apart, causing the cell to become elongated.
Illustration of Anaphase:
Link of picture
Telophase:
During telophase, the nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes at opposite poles of the cell. The chromosomes begin to uncoil and revert to their less condensed form, and the spindle apparatus is disassembled. The cell begins to prepare for cytokinesis, which is the process of dividing the cell into two daughter cells.
Illustration of Telophase:
Link of picture
Overall, these four stages ensure that the genetic material is distributed equally between the two daughter cells.
Just to help the guy trying to get brainliest, he actually did a good job
Which event led to a sudden growth in the human population size? 1 point World War II the Irish Potato Famine The Black Death The Industrial Revolution
Answers
Answer:
it led into somebody not growing in the human population
Explanation:
Are bone cells diploid or haploid?
Answers
Answer:
bone cells of human body are diploid
Answer:
diploid i believe
Explanation:
srry if im wrong
Mass of lead = 567.5 g
Volume of lead = 50.0
What is the density of lead?
Answers
Answer:Its 350
Explanation:Because after i did the math i got 350
6. A taxi hurries with a constant speed of 84 km/h. How far can it travel in 5 hours?
0.6 km
420 km
300 km
16.8 km
Answers
Answer:
420 km
Explanation:
Answer:
420 Km/h
Explanation:
all you have to do is take 84 km/h and multiply it by 5 because that's how many hours it will take
The LacZ gene encodes information to construct an enzyme that...
1. controls the transcription of DNA
2. cleaves the sugar lactose into simpler sugar molecules
3. allows the sugar lactose pass across the cell membrane
4. transcribes mRNA from other genes in the operon
Which number is the answer?
Answers
The correct answer is number 2. The LacZ gene encodes the enzyme β-galactosidase, which is an enzyme responsible for cleaving the sugar lactose into simple sugar molecules, such as glucose and galactose.
This enzyme contributes to the breakdown of lactose into simpler, more readily absorbed carbohydrates, a process known as lactose metabolism.
Lactose and water react, and -galactosidase catalyses the breakdown of lactose into glucose and galactose.
The digestive tract's small intestine and colon are where the enzyme is active, working to break down ingested lactose.
Galactooligosaccharides, which are prebiotic compounds that can be utilised as dietary supplements, can also be made using -galactosidase.
Complete Question:
The LacZ gene encodes information to construct an enzyme that...
1. controls the transcription of DNA
2. cleaves the sugar lactose into simpler sugar molecules
3. allows the sugar lactose pass across the cell membrane
4. transcribes mRNA from other genes in the operon
Which number is the answer?
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A red bloom cell has diameter of 0.008mm. a model of the red blood cell has a diameter of 80mm. What is the scale of the model
Answers
Scale of the model: 1:10,000. To find the scale of the model, we need to compare the size of the model to the actual size of the red blood cell. Given that the diameter of the red blood cell is 0.008mm and the diameter of the model is 80mm, we can calculate the scale by dividing the diameter of the model by the diameter of the actual cell.
Scale = Model diameter / Actual cell diameter
Substituting the given values:
Scale = 80mm / 0.008mm
Simplifying the expression:
Scale = 10,000
Therefore, the scale of the model is 1:10,000.
1. Identify the diameter of the red blood cell: 0.008mm.
2. Identify the diameter of the model: 80mm.
3. Use the formula Scale = Model diameter / Actual cell diameter.
4. Substitute the values into the formula: Scale = 80mm / 0.008mm.
5. Simplify the expression to find the scale: Scale = 10,000.
6. The scale of the model is 1:10,000, indicating that the model is 10,000 times larger than the actual red blood cell.
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What does a nucleus do in a cell?
Answers
Answer:
The nucleus is known as the brain of the cell, it is the organ of the cell that controls all the cell activities like growth, metabolism, etc. it carries genes, structures that contain hereditary information.
The full moon starts at the beginning of the lunar cycle. Will give brainliest!!
A.) true
B.) false
Answers
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
The new moon begins at the lunar cycle. But the full moon ends at the lunar cycle. Hope this helps! ^^
what kind of cells can secrete substances at the epithelial surface?
Answers
Answer:
Epithelial cells
Explanation:
Epithelial cells are cells that secret mucus to prevent friction between organs. Like between the Heart and Lung.
A 42-year-old female patient enters the clinic complaining of nausea, stomach cramps, and diarrhea. There is currently an outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 from consumption of raw sprouts in four states, which raises alarms. You collect a stool sample and send it to the lab for testing. To better separate commensal, non-STEC E. coli from the intestines with pathogenic E. coli O157:H7, you select Sorbitol-MacConkey agar to differentiate between the two. The results of the culture are shown. What is the proper interpretation of the experiment?
Answers
The Sorbitol-MacConkey agar has shown that there are several colonies of non-sorbitol fermenting bacteria growing on the plate. E. coli O157:H7 is typically a sorbitol non-fermenter and thus, these results suggest that the sample did not contain E. coli O157:H7.
In this case, the patient may have contracted the infection due to another cause.The Sorbitol-MacConkey agar is commonly used to differentiate between commensal non-STEC E. coli and pathogenic E. coli O157:H7. In this experiment, the Sorbitol-MacConkey agar test was used to differentiate between the two types of E. coli.The test was performed on a stool sample from a 42-year-old female patient who was experiencing symptoms of nausea, stomach cramps, and diarrhea. It was carried out in the context of an E. coli O157:H7 outbreak due to the consumption of raw sprouts in four states. The culture showed several colonies of non-sorbitol fermenting bacteria on the agar plate. Since E. coli O157:H7 is a sorbitol non-fermenter, these results suggest that the sample did not contain E. coli O157:H7.The patient's symptoms may have been caused by some other pathogen, or by a commensal non-STEC E. coli strain that did not cause disease. The Sorbitol-MacConkey agar test is one of several methods used to identify the presence of E. coli O157:H7 in clinical and environmental samples.
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snarls of threadlike strands that extend from the nerve cells, commonly found on the brains of people with alzheimer’s disease are called . quizlte
Answers
The snarls of threadlike strands commonly found on the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease are called neurofibrillary tangles.
Neurofibrillary tangles are abnormal accumulations of a protein called tau that form twisted threadlike structures within nerve cells.
These tangles disrupt the normal functioning of nerve cells and are a hallmark pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease.
The accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles contributes to the degeneration and eventual death of nerve cells, leading to cognitive decline and memory loss.
The presence of neurofibrillary tangles is one of the key diagnostic markers used to identify Alzheimer's disease during postmortem examination of brain tissue.
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What makes this an ideal location for a murderer to dump a body? Select ALL that apply
there is only one road in/out making it easy to see if someone else is comming
there is an abundance of wildlife
it is an urban area
its a remote area
Answers
Answer:
its remote
Explanation:
TRUE / FALSE. All organic forms of life have a division of labor within them, metabolism (chemical activity) and replication (genetic code). DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is the key to the genetic code in most organisms living today and serves as an instruction manual that makes it possible to create a living organism. However, DNA is helpless without its counterpart, metabolism. The discovery of RNA (Ribonucleic acid) in the 1960s did not help help alleviate this problem. RNA is a relative of DNA but it can only perform metabolism and not replication in an organism. This has led some scientists to conclude that RNA is not useful for understanding the origins of life.
Answers
After considering the given data and reviewing the valid articles and information concerning DNA we conclude that the statement is true.
All organic forms of life possess a division of labor within them, metabolism (chemical activity), and replication (genetic code). DNA is the key to the genetic code in most organisms living today and serves as an instruction manual that makes it possible to create a living organism.
Therefore , DNA is helpless without its counterpart, metabolism. Metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life. The discovery of RNA in the 1960s did not help alleviate this problem.
RNA is a relative of DNA but can only perform metabolism and not replication in an organism. This has led some scientists to conclude that RNA is not useful for understanding the origins of life.
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I need help with the blank.
Energy flows through an ecosystem in
from the sun or inorganic compounds to autotrophs (producers) and then to various heterotrophs (consumers)
Answers
In trophic webs occurs a transeference of energy. Energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction from the sun or inorganic compounds to autotrophs (producers) and then to various heterotrophs (consumers).
What is a trophic web?The trophic web is the interaction between different organisms involving transference of energy when some of them feed on the other ones. The ones placed at lower levels pass energy to the ones at the higher levels.
Organisms at each level feed on the preceding one and become food for the next one.
• The first link corresponds to a producer organism -autotroph-.
• The following links are the consumers -heterotrophs-: herbivores and carnivores.
• The last links are the decomposers that degrade organic matter from dead organisms.
Because it is a web, all organisms are in equilibrium until a change occurs. When a sudden change affects any of the involved links, there can be a cascade effect on the web.
Energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction from the sun or inorganic compounds to autotrophs (producers) and then to various heterotrophs (consumers).
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