what does it mean to say that momentum is conserved

Answer: approximately 18.75 mL of 3.0 M HNO₂ solution can be completely neutralized by 75 mL of 1.5 M Mg(OH)₂ solution.

Explanation:

To determine the volume of 3.0 M HNO₂ solution that can be neutralized by 75 mL of 1.5 M Mg(OH)₂ solution, we can set up an equation based on the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation.

The balanced chemical equation for the neutralization reaction between HNO₂ and Mg(OH)₂ is:

2 HNO₂ + Mg(OH)₂ → Mg(NO₂)₂ + 2 H₂O

From the equation, we can see that it takes two moles of HNO₂ to react with one mole of Mg(OH)₂.

First, let's calculate the number of moles of Mg(OH)₂ present in 75 mL of 1.5 M solution:

Number of moles of Mg(OH)₂ = Volume (in L) × Concentration (in mol/L)

= 75 mL × (1 L / 1000 mL) × 1.5 mol/L

= 0.1125 mol

Since the stoichiometry ratio is 2:1 (HNO₂:Mg(OH)₂), we can conclude that 0.1125 moles of Mg(OH)₂ can neutralize 0.1125/2 = 0.05625 moles of HNO₂.

Now, let's determine the volume of 3.0 M HNO₂ required to contain 0.05625 moles:

Volume (in L) = Number of moles / Concentration (in mol/L)

= 0.05625 mol / 3.0 mol/L

≈ 0.01875 L

Finally, we convert the volume from liters to milliliters:

Volume (in mL) = Volume (in L) × 1000

≈ 0.01875 L × 1000

≈ 18.75 mL

Answer: Polar molecules occur when there is an electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms. Nonpolar molecules occur when electrons are shared equal between atoms of a diatomic molecule or when polar bonds in a larger molecule cancel each other out.

Explanation:

Answer:

30 grams

Explanation:

Molarity of a solution represents its molar concentration, and can be calculated by using the formula as follows:

Molarity (M) = number of moles (n) ÷ volume (V)

Based on the information provided, volume of solution = 500 milliliters, molarity = 1M

Volume of solution in liters = 500mL ÷ 1000 = 0.50L

Molarity = n/V

1 = n/0.50

n = 0.50moles

Using mole = mass/molar mass

Molar mass of CH3COOH (acetic acid) = 60g/mol

Mass = mole × molar mass

mass = 0.50 × 60

mass = 30 grams.

Answer:

An -ite or -ate ending means a polyatomic ion that includes oxygen is in the formula.

ate = one more O than -ite

Explanation:

Example:

NO2 is nitrite

NO3 is nitrate

You can see that the molecules are made of the same elements, however they have more or less of one of the elements (i.e. oxygen).

These suffices are used in oxygen compounds

Take example of Sulphur

ite means 2 and ate means 3

31P NMR or other nuclei can be used for other quantitative measurements other than structure elucidation in the determination of phosphate concentration in aqueous solutions and in the determination of isotopic enrichment in drug metabolites.

One example of how 31P NMR can be used for quantitative measurements is in the determination of phosphate concentration in aqueous solutions.

The intensity of the 31P NMR peak is directly proportional to the concentration of phosphate ions in the solution.

This method is particularly useful for the analysis of biological fluids, such as blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid, where the phosphate concentration can provide valuable diagnostic information.

A primary source that describes this technique is the article "Quantitative determination of inorganic phosphate in biological fluids by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy" by D. J. Gadian and R. S. Soar, published in Analytical Biochemistry in 1971 (DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(71)90248-5).

The article describes the use of 31P NMR to quantify phosphate concentrations in urine and other biological fluids, with detection limits as low as 5 μmol/L.

Another example of quantitative measurements using NMR is the use of deuterium NMR for the determination of isotopic enrichment in drug metabolites.

This technique is useful for studying drug metabolism in vivo, as it allows for the measurement of the fraction of the drug that has been metabolized and the identification of the metabolites.

A primary source that describes this technique is the article "Determination of Isotopic Enrichment in Drug Metabolites by Deuterium NMR Spectroscopy" by J. W. Newman and R. E. Stratford, published in Analytical Chemistry in 1990 (DOI: 10.1021/ac00209a022).

The article describes the use of deuterium NMR to determine the isotopic enrichment of metabolites in rat urine after administration of a deuterated drug.

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The periods of warming and cooling that the Earth has been through in the past are known as climate cycles or glacial-interglacial cycles.

During a warming event, we would expect the climate on Earth to be generally warmer, with a higher concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and higher sea levels due to melting ice caps. This could lead to more extreme weather patterns, including more frequent and intense heatwaves, droughts, and hurricanes.

During a cooling event, we would expect the climate on Earth to be generally colder, with lower concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and lower sea levels due to expanding ice caps. This could lead to periods of widespread glaciation and colder temperatures, which could have significant impacts on ecosystems and human populations.

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answer :

this is the structure if you want it

The mechanical properties of hybrid additively manufactured Inconel 718 parts created via thermal control after secondary treatment processes are Tensile strength, Yield strength, Elongation, Fatigue, and Surface roughness.

Inconel 718 is a nickel-chromium alloy that has high tensile, creep, and fatigue strength at high temperatures. Hybrid additive manufacturing (HAM) is a combination of powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition (DED), where both processes are carried out on a single part.

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The gas laws are a set of fundamental principles that describe the behavior of gases under different conditions of pressure, volume, and temperature. We can use the ideal gas law to solve this problem:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

First, we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15:

T = 0.00 C + 273.15 = 273.15 K

Next, we can plug in the values we have:

P(22.4 L) = (1.00 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(273.15 K)

Simplifying:

P = (1.00 mol)(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(273.15 K)/(22.4 L)

P = 1.01 atm

Therefore, the helium will exert a pressure of 1.01 atm on its container.

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Answer:

The answer is Nucleolus

Graphite has a higher entropy than diamond, which is again a result of the dense crystal lattice of diamond. In comparison to the graphite structure, it is far more organized.

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Explanation:

A sulfide ion S²⁻ is formed from sulfur atom.

An ion is an atom that has lost or gained electron.

Sulfur atom is made up of 16 electrons according to its position on the periodic table.

In essence, there are 16 negatively charged particles in an atom of sulfur.

Also, in the neutral or uncharged state, the number of electrons equals to the number of protons.

So, there are 16 electrons and protons in an atom of sulfur.

 Charge  = Number of protons  - Number of electrons

 Charge  = 16  - 18  = -2

Answer:

The correct answer is 1.778 milligrams per liter.

Explanation:

Based on the given information, the concentration of chlorine gas given is 27 pounds or 27*453.59 = 12327.93 grams.

The quantity of water given is 750000 gallons or 750000 * 3.754 = 2815500 L

The concentration of chlorine used up by the microorganism is 2.6 mg/L or 0.0026 gm/L.

Thus, for 2815500 L of water, the amount of chlorine used is,

= 2815500 * 0.0026

= 7320.3 grams

The left quantity of chlorine is 12327.93 - 7320.3 = 5007.63 grams

The concentration of residual chlorine is,

= 5007.63 g/2815500 = 0.00177859 or 1.778 mg/L.

Answer:

do you mean DeF?

Explanation:

Answer:

851 mmHg

Explanation:

Using pressure law equation as follows:

P1/T1= P2/T2

Where;

P1 = initial pressure (mmHg)

V2 = final pressure (mmHg)

P1 = initial temperature (K)

T2 = final temperature (K)

According to the information provided in this question,

P1 = 760mmHg

P2 = ?

T1 = 20°C = 20 + 273 = 293K

T2 = 55°C = 55 + 273 = 328K

Using P1/T1= P2/T2

760/293 = P2/328

Cross multiply

293 × P2 = 760 × 328

293P2 = 249280

P2 = 249280 ÷ 293

P2 = 850.78

Approximately, P2 = 851 mmHg.

Answer:

The first thing we have to do is change and state all the units so that we can use our ideal gas law equation (\(PV = nRT\)).

650 mmHg is a pressure unit, we have to convert this to kiloPascals. We know that 760 mmHg gives us 101 kPa.

\(650 \ mmHg \ * \ \frac{101kPa}{760 mmHg} = 86 \ kPa\)

P = 86kPa

T = 15°C + 273K = 288K

R (Gas constant) = 8.31 kj/mol  

Molar mass of Ammonia (\(NH_{3}\)) = (1 x 3) + (14) = 17g/mol

n (moles) = \(\frac{mass}{molar \ mass}\) \(= \frac{56.8}{17} =\) 3.34 mol

V = ?

Rearrange the equation to solve for Volume:

\(V = \frac{nRT}{P}\)

Substitute the values inside:

V = \(\frac{(3.34)(8.31)(288)}{(86)} = 93 L (rounded)\)

Therefore 93 L of volume is occupied by the ammonia gas.

Answer:

Explanation:

Here, we want to get the number of moles of NO gas that can be formed

To answer this, we need to be sure of the limiting reagent

The limiting reagent is the one that is responsible for the number of moles of product formed

From the shown balanced equation of reaction, 3 moles of silver produced 1 mole of the gas

Thus, 0.1 mol of powdered silver will produce:

For the nitric acid, we need to get the number of moles that reacted

To get this, we have to multiply the volume (in L) that reacted by the molarity

Mathematically, we have that as:

From the equation of reaction, 4 moles of the nitrate gave 1 mole of the gas

Thus, we have it that 0.06 moles will give:

From what we see, the number of moles produced by the nitrate is less than what was produced by the solid

Thus, the nitrate is the limiting reagent and the number of moles of the gas produced is 0.015 mol

The total binding energy of \(Li_3^7\) is approximately 3.963 MeV. The binding energy per nucleon for \(Li_3^7\) is approximately 0.566 MeV/nucleon.

To calculate the total binding energy (BE) and the binding energy per nucleon (BE/A) for 7/3Li, we need to consider the mass defect and the conversion factor between atomic mass units (u) and energy (MeV).

The mass defect (∆m) is the difference between the actual mass of the nucleus and the combined masses of its nucleons. It can be calculated using the following formula:

∆m = Zm(H) + Nm(n) - m(Li)

where:

Z = number of protons

m(H) = mass of a hydrogen atom (1/1H)

N = number of neutrons

m(n) = mass of a neutron

m(Li) = mass of 7/3Li

m(H) = 1.007825 u

m(n) = 1.008665 u

m(Li) = 7.016004 u

To calculate Z and N for 7/3Li, we need to consider that it has 3 protons (Z = 3) and 4 neutrons (N = 4).

∆m = 3 × 1.007825 u + 4 × (1.008665 u - 7.016004) u

∆m = 3.023475 u + 4.03466 u - 7.016004 u

∆m = 0.042131 u

The mass defect (∆m) represents the mass converted into binding energy. To convert the mass defect into energy, we can use the mass-energy equivalence formula:

E = ∆mc²

Where:

E = energy

c = speed of light (approximately 299,792,458 m/s)

Converting the mass defect (∆m) to energy:

E = 0.042131 u × (1.66053906660 × 10⁻²⁷ kg/u) × (299,792,458 m/s)²

E ≈ 3.963 MeV

Therefore, the total binding energy of \(Li_3^7\) is approximately 3.963 MeV.

To calculate the binding energy per nucleon (BE/A), we divide the total binding energy by the number of nucleons (protons + neutrons):

BE/A = BE / A

Where:

BE/A = binding energy per nucleon

BE = total binding energy

A = number of nucleons

A = 3 + 4 = 7

BE/A = 3.963 MeV / 7

BE/A ≈ 0.566 MeV/nucleon

Therefore, the binding energy per nucleon for 7/3Li is approximately 0.566 MeV/nucleon.

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The complete question is:

Calculate the total binding energy, and the binding energy per nucleon, for 7/3Li. The masses of the atoms of 7/3Li and 1/1H are 7.016004 u and 1.007825 u, respectively. The mass of a neutron is 1.008665 u.

Answer:

e.g converting 6.55×10^24 molecules of Sodium to moles.

We use Avogadro's number NA= 6.02×10^23 molecules.

Explanation:

\(6.02 \times {10 }^{23} molecules \: are \: in \: 1 \: mole \: of \: sodium \\ 6.55 \times {10}^{24} molecules \: will \: be \: in \: ( \frac{6.55 \times {10}^{24} \times 1}{6.02 \times {10}^{23} } ) \\ = 10.88 \: moles \: of \: sodium\)

Answer:

Explanation:

The atoms combine to attain a noble or inert gas electronic configuration

Answer:The process in which a gas changes to a liquid is called condensation. Other examples of condensation are shown in Figure below. A gas condenses when it is cooled below its boiling point.

Explanation:

There are 4 phases for h20 solid liquid vapour and gas.

In the vacuum of space there are only 2 phases solid and gaseous, both liquid and vapour cannot exist in the absolute freezing temperature of the vacuum of space and crystalise instantly.

Watch a space shuttle dump water in space and it instantly freezes, and when in direct sunlight instantly turn to its gaseous phase and becomes invisible to the naked eye by the process of sublimation.

When h20 freezes in the shadow of the shuttle to ice crystals they instantly sublimate to the a gaseous state when they come into contact with direct sunlight.

You can see all 4 phases if you place ice cubes [ solid phase ] in a pan on a stove, the Solid beComes liquid [ liquid phase ]and the liquid becomes a gas in the bottom of the pan when the water boils, [ gaseous phase ] the bubbles coming up from the bottom are the instant phase change from liquid to gas, when the gas bubbles break the surface of the water and the gas comes into contact with the cooler air the gas instantly starts to condense to water droplets i.e. the vapour phase

You can see through the bubbles because h20 in its gaseous phase is invisible to the naked eye.

Gaseous h20 is hot dry and invisible

Vaporous h20 is warm wet and visible

Gaseous h20 is known as a condensing gas in physics because it condenses obviously, condensing gases are also known as optically active gases or radiatively active gases.

Hope this helps all the 3 phase numpties who think vapour i.e. water droplets is actually gas, it isnt or it wouldn’t be called vapour it would be called gas.

Liquid water has to reach its boiling point before it will phase change to its gaseous phase.

Vapor has to boil before the water droplets will phase change to a gaseous state, steam is not gas it is condensing gas i.e. vapour at a lower temperature than boiling point.

hope this helps have a nice day

Answer:

They will determine the mass of various common elements and compounds and convert this data into values of moles, atoms and molecules.

Explanation:

Jacinda Ardern got involved with Tonga after the eruption due to the following reasons:

The correct answer is: 2, 3, and 4.

Jacinda Ardern, the Prime Minister of New Zealand, got involved with Tonga after the underwater volcanic eruption that occurred in January 2022.

There were several reasons why she got involved:

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Complete question:

Which of these are the reasons why Jacinda Ardern got involved with Tonga after the eruption?

1. the desire to preserve ocean resources in the area through satellite monitoring

2. the desire to get rid of the ash plume that threatens to cover New Zealand

3. the desire to acquire more information about the volcano's current activity

4. the desire to provide assistance to the people of Tonga by giving them provisions

3 and 4

2, 3 and 4

1 only

O 1 and 2

Explanation:

a.

P. When potassium reacts with hydrochloric acid, the salt produced is potassium chloride and sulphur-di-oxide gas is evolved after performing these.

Q.Addition of acid with metal gives salt and hydrogen gas. When dilute Hydrochloric acid is added to iron filings, so chloride & hydrogen gas is produced.

R. and if you talk about gold, gold do not react easily with HCL

b.

# in ascending order P -> Q -> R

c.

# I think its potassium chloride reaction.

hope this helps you

have a great day :)

Answer:

8740 joules are required to convert 20 grams of ice to liquid water.

Explanation:

The amount of heat required (\(Q\)), measured in joules, to convert ice at -50.0 ºC to liquid water at 0.0 ºC is the sum of sensible heat associated with ice and latent heat of fussion. That is:

\(Q = m\cdot [c\cdot (T_{f}-T_{o})+L_{f}]\) (1)

Where:

\(m\) - Mass, measured in grams.

\(c\) - Specific heat of ice, measured in joules per gram-degree Celsius.

\(T_{o}\), \(T_{f}\) - Temperature, measured in degrees Celsius.

\(L_{f}\) - Latent heat of fussion, measured in joules per gram.

If we know that \(m = 20\,g\), \(c = 2.06\,\frac{J}{g\cdot ^{\circ}C}\), \(T_{f} = 0\,^{\circ}C\), \(T_{o} = -50\,^{\circ}C\) and \(L_{f} = 334\,\frac{J}{g }\), then the amount of heat is:

\(Q = (20\,g)\cdot \left\{\left(2.06\,\frac{J}{g\cdot ^{\circ}C} \right)\cdot [0\,^{\circ}C-(-50\,^{\circ}C)]+334\,\frac{J}{g} \right\}\)

\(Q = 8740\,J\)

8740 joules are required to convert 20 grams of ice to liquid water.

The hydrogen can be produced from water using renewable energy sources, which makes it more sustainable.

If we based our energy on hydrogen, two major economic or global problems that could be alleviated are:

1. Climate change: This is a global issue that requires an immediate response. The world needs to move away from carbon-emitting fossil fuels. Burning hydrogen fuel emits only water and does not release greenhouse gases. If the world shifts to hydrogen fuel, it will reduce carbon emissions and help to slow down climate change.

2. Dependence on Oil: Most countries are dependent on oil. The price of oil is volatile, and the demand and supply fluctuate due to political, economic, and weather events. This dependence on oil is a major economic challenge for many countries. If we based our energy on hydrogen, we could reduce our dependence on oil and decrease oil imports, which could significantly improve the economy of countries that do not produce oil.

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A very tentative explanation of observations of some regularity of nature is a hypothesis. A hypothesis is a proposed explanation or a preliminary assumption based on limited evidence, which requires further testing and validation to confirm its validity.

When scientists observe regular patterns or phenomena in nature, they often form a hypothesis as a possible explanation. A hypothesis is an educated guess or a conjecture that attempts to explain the observed regularity. It is a starting point for scientific investigation and serves as a foundation for further experimentation and data collection. A hypothesis should be based on existing knowledge and observations, but it is not considered a definitive answer. Instead, it offers a tentative explanation that needs to be rigorously tested through experiments, observations, and analysis. The process of testing a hypothesis involves designing experiments to gather data and evaluating whether the collected evidence supports or refutes the proposed explanation. Through this iterative process, scientists refine and modify their hypotheses until they can establish a more robust and supported theory that explains the observed regularity in nature.

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The line-angle structure that corresponds to the condensed structure, \(\rm HOCH_2C( O )CH( CH_3)_2\) is shown below.

Line angle structure, also known as skeletal structure or shorthand structure, is a way of representing organic molecules in which carbon atoms are represented by the vertices of lines or angles.

In this case, the line angle structure of the condensed structure \(\rm HOCH_2C( O )CH( CH_3)_2\)  is a way of representing the molecule in which each atom and bond is represented by a line.

In this structure, the carbon atoms are represented by the intersections of lines, and the hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms are not shown. The oxygen atom is shown explicitly, and the double bond between the carbon and oxygen atoms is represented by a double line. The methyl groups attached to the carbon atom are represented by the letter "CH3". The hydroxyl group is represented by "OH".

Therefore, the line-angle structure that corresponds to the condensed structure  \(\rm HOCH_2C( O )CH( CH_3)_2\) is shown as below.

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The characteristics and the type of molecular bond they describe:

1. Bonds found in Halite (between Na⁺ and Cl⁻): Ionic bond

2. Bonds found between Si and O in the Si-O tetrahedron: Covalent bond

3. Bonds inside the water molecule (between the H and O): Covalent bond

4. Bonds that exist between two water molecules: Hydrogen bond

5. Strongest bond type: Covalent bond

6. Weakest bond type: Van der Waals bond

7. Bonds that are used by water to dissolve salt: Ionic bond

The ionic bond is a type of molecular bond found in halite (between Na⁺ and Cl⁻). The Si-O tetrahedron is held together by a covalent bond. The bond inside the water molecule (between the H and O) is also a covalent bond. The hydrogen bond is the type of bond that exists between two water molecules. The covalent bond is the strongest bond type, while the van der Waals bond is the weakest bond type. Water uses the ionic bond to dissolve the salt.

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The compound that does not undergo conjugate addition with butanamine is option Butenone. (D)

Conjugate addition, also known as 1,4-addition, is a type of reaction where a nucleophile adds to the beta-carbon of an alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound. Butanamine, also known as butylamine, is a nucleophile that can undergo conjugate addition with alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds.

Propenal (option a), but-2-enal (option b), and but-3-enal (option c) are all alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and can undergo conjugate addition with butanamine.

Butenone (option d), also known as 2-butanone, is not an alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compound and therefore cannot undergo conjugate addition with butanamine.

Therefore, the correct answer is option d. Butenone.

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