What are the six common types of radioactive decay? What condition usually leads to each type of decay? (Select all that apply.) Gamma emission: The nucleus is in an excited state. Alpha emission: Z> 83. Beta emission: N/Z is too small. Positron emission: N/Z is too large. Spontaneous fission: Mass number<89. Gamma emission: The nucleus is in a ground state. Alpha emission: 2 <83. Delta emission: The nucleus is in a ground state. Delta emission: The nucleus is in an excited state. Positron emission: N/Z is too small. Positron capture: N/Z is too small. Positron capture: N/Z is too large. Electron capture: N/Z is too small. Spontaneous fission: Mass number > 89, Electron capture: N/Z is too large. Beta emission: N/Z is too large.

Answer:

solid

Explanation:

...

Answer:

Simply identify what elements are in a compound

Explanation:

For example in NaCl we have sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl)

In order to do this you would need to recognise the symbols for a certain element: O for oxygen; N for nitrogen; H for hydrogen etc.

Answer:

Of the outlined, a robot moves. responds to stimuli from control system and dies.

Explanation:

Living things have the following basic characteristics:

Movement (R)

Reproduce (N)

Nutrition (N)

Irritability (R)

Grow (N)

Excrete(N)

Respire (N)

Die (N)

I hope this was helpful.

Answer: 2.6 M

Explanation:

The abundance of Cl-35 is approximately 76.38%, and the abundance of Cl-37 is approximately (100 - 76.38) ≈ 23.62%.

Let's assume the percentage of abundance for Cl-35 is x, and therefore the percentage of abundance for Cl-37 is (100 - x).

To calculate the average mass, we can use the weighted average formula:

Average mass = (abundance of Cl-35 * mass of Cl-35) + (abundance of Cl-37 * mass of Cl-37)

35.43 = (x/100 * 34.96) + ((100 - x)/100 * 36.95)

Simplifying the equation:

35.43 = 0.3496x + 36.95 - 0.3695x

35.43 - 36.95 = -0.0199x

-1.52 = -0.0199x

x ≈ 76.38

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A. The value of Delta G° for the reaction is 416.6 kJ/mol or 416600 J/mol.

B. The value of K at 298 K for the reaction is 1.3 × 10¹.

Standard Gibbs free energy is the Gibbs free energy change that occurs in a reaction under standard conditions, which are defined as a temperature of 298 K,pressure of 1 bar, and concentration of 1 M.

A.) To calculate Delta G° at 298 K for the reaction:

MgCO₃ (s) ⇋ Mg₂+ (aq) + CO₃₂- (aq)

ΔG° = -RT ln K

where ΔG° is the standard Gibbs free energy change, R is the gas constant (8.314 J/K·mol), T is the temperature in Kelvin (298 K), and K is the equilibrium constant.

The standard Gibbs free energy change for the dissociation of MgCO₃ is given by:

ΔG° = ΔG°f(Mg₂+) + ΔG°f(CO₃₂-) - ΔG°f(MgCO₃)

where ΔG°f is the standard Gibbs free energy of formation of the species.

ΔG°f(Mg₂+) = 0

ΔG°f(CO₃₂-) = -677.1 kJ/mol

ΔG°f(MgCO₃) = -1093.7 kJ/mol

Substituting these values into the equation gives:

ΔG° = (0) + (-677.1) - (-1093.7) = 416.6 kJ/mol

Converting to Joules gives:

ΔG° = 416600 J/mol

B.) To find K at 298 K using the value of Delta G° determined above, we rearrange the Gibbs free energy equation:

K = \(e^{(\frac{-\Delta G}{RT} )}\)

Substituting the values:

ΔG° = 416600 J/mol

R = 8.314 J/K·mol

T = 298 K

gives:

K = \(e^{(-416600 J/mol / (8.314 J/K*mol * 298 K))}\)

K = 1.3 × 10⁻⁸

Multiplying by 1e9 gives:

K = 1.3 × 10¹

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Answer:

length

Explanation:

It's the distance covered by light in one year.

Answer:

Loses

Explanation:

liquid changes into solid, heat is released. The energy released upon freezing, known as the enthalpy of fusion, is a latent heat, and is exactly the same as the energy required to melt the same amount of the solid.

Answer:

Matter either loses or absorbs energy when it changes from one state to another. For example, when matter changes from a liquid to a solid, it loses energy. The opposite happens when matter changes from a solid to a liquid. For a solid to change to a liquid, matter must absorb energy from its surroundings.

Explanation:

Na = 2 atoms

Cl = 2atoms

F = 2 atoms

Given

Skeleton equation(unbalanced equation) :

NaCl+F2⇒NaF+Cl2

Required

The number of atoms

Solution

We balance the reactions to find the reaction coefficient, which is then used to calculate the number of atoms in the reactants and products

Balanced equation

2NaCl + F2 → 2NaF + Cl2

A balanced reaction will show that the number of atoms in the reactants and products is the same

Na = 2 atoms

Cl = 2atoms

F = 2 atoms

Na = 2 atoms

F = 2 atoms

Cl = 2 atoms

The order of solubility from most to least can be given as carbonate>sulfate>iodate>chloride. Carbonates are the most soluble.

The maximum amount of a material that may dissolve in another is known as its solubility. A saturated solution is created when a solvent can dissolve its maximum quantity of solute before reaching equilibrium. A supersaturated solution results when extra solutes are dissolved past its equilibrium solubility point under specific circumstances.

Dissolution is the action of disintegrating. In contrast to the speed of solution, which specifies how rapidly a molecule dissolves in a solvent, solubility is not a feature of matter. The order of solubility from most to least can be given as carbonate>sulfate>iodate>chloride.

Therefore,  the order of solubility from most to least can be given as carbonate>sulfate>iodate>chloride.

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Answer:

its (B)

Explanation:

It rhymes with brittle :D

Covalent compounds tend to be softer and more flexible than ionic compounds, which tend to be more rigid and brittle. Electrolytes and electrical conductivity. Thus, option B is correct.

On the periodic table, covalent bonds develop between elements that are close to one another.

Ionic compounds have extremely high melting points and a tendency to be brittle in their solid state. Covalent substances often have low melting and boiling temperatures and are soft in nature.

Atoms of the same or different elements interact with one another to form covalent bonds. The van der Waal forces that are created between them as a result are gentle and have low melting and boiling temperatures.

Not only ionic crystals but also many covalent crystals are fragile. While many metals are not brittle, some are.

Therefore, Brittle best describes most covalent compounds.

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Temporary and permanent hardness of water Temporary hardness of water is caused by the presence of bicarbonate, carbonate, and sulfate ions, while permanent hardness is caused by the presence of chlorides, sulfates, and nitrates.

Carbonate and bicarbonate hardness can be removed using a process called boiling. Permanent hardness, on the other hand, can be removed using a process called ion exchange.ii. Organic, ortho, and polyphosphorus in wastewaterOrganic phosphorus is present in wastewater in the form of organic molecules like DNA, RNA, and phospholipids. Orthophosphate is the most common form of phosphorus found in wastewater. Polyphosphates, which are a chain of orthophosphate molecules, can also be found in wastewater.iii. Self-cleansing and scouring velocity in sewersSelf-cleansing velocity is the minimum velocity of wastewater flow required to prevent the deposition of solids in the sewer. Scouring velocity, on the other hand, is the minimum velocity required to remove previously deposited solids. Scouring velocity is higher than self-cleansing velocity.

Type 1 and Type 2 settling in water/wastewater treatment  Type 1 settling occurs when particles of different sizes and densities settle separately, forming distinct layers. In type 2 settling, particles of different sizes and densities settle together in a mixed floc. Type 1 settling is more effective at removing larger particles, while type 2 settling is better at removing smaller particles.v. Chloramines and disinfection by-products (DBPs)Chloramines are a combination of chlorine and ammonia that are used as a disinfectant in water treatment. Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when chlorine reacts with organic matter in the water. Some common DBPs include trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs), which are known to be carcinogenic.

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Answer:

51.75 moles

Explanation:

2NH3   ⇒   N2   +   3H2

2           :      1      :      3        

34.50                                  (moles)

⇒ \(n_{H2\) = 34.50 × 3 ÷ 2 = 51.75 (moles)

Sex cells, also known as gametes, transmit genetic information for determining traits to their offspring through a process called meiosis.

During meiosis, the diploid parent cell undergoes two rounds of cell division, resulting in four haploid daughter cells, each containing half the genetic information of the parent cell.

In humans, the male sex cell, or sperm cell, and the female sex cell, or egg cell, each contains 23 chromosomes, which combine during fertilization to form a diploid zygote with 46 chromosomes. The genetic information carried by these chromosomes determines various traits such as eye color, height, and susceptibility to certain diseases.

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The pH of the buffer solution made up of 0.100 M sodium formate and 0.100 M formic acid is approximately 4.75.

A buffer solution consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. In this case, formic acid (HCOOH) is a weak acid, and sodium formate (HCOONa) is its conjugate base.

When these two components are present in equal concentrations, they form a buffer solution.

The pH of a buffer solution is determined by the equilibrium between the weak acid and its conjugate base. Formic acid is a weak acid that partially dissociates in water, releasing hydrogen ions (H+).

The conjugate base, sodium formate, can accept these hydrogen ions.

This equilibrium reaction helps maintain a stable pH in the solution.

In the case of the given buffer solution, the pKa (acid dissociation constant) of formic acid is approximately 3.75. The pH of a buffer solution can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log([conjugate base]/[weak acid])

Using the given concentrations (0.100 M), the pH can be calculated as follows:

pH = 3.75 + log(0.100/0.100) = 3.75 + log(1) = 3.75 + 0 = 3.75

Therefore, the pH of the buffer solution is approximately 4.75.

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Since the given data has three significant figures, our answer should also have three significant figures:
The molar concentration of the KBr solution is 0.280 mol/L.

Step 1: Convert grams of KBr to moles
First, we need to determine the molar mass of KBr. The molar mass of potassium (K) is 39.10 g/mol and that of bromine (Br) is 79.90 g/mol. So, the molar mass of KBr is (39.10 + 79.90) g/mol = 119.00 g/mol.

Now, we can convert 25 g of KBr to moles using the molar mass:
moles of KBr = (25 g) / (119.00 g/mol) = 0.2101 mol

Step 2: Convert mL of solution to L
Next, we'll convert the volume of the solution from mL to L:
750 mL = 750 / 1000 = 0.750 L

Step 3: Calculate the molar concentration
Finally, we'll calculate the molar concentration of the KBr solution:
molar concentration = moles of KBr / volume of solution in L
molar concentration = 0.2101 mol / 0.750 L = 0.2801 mol/L

Since the given data has three significant figures, our answer should also have three significant figures:
The molar concentration of the KBr solution is 0.280 mol/L.

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If you take an antacid tablet, the ph in your stomach will increase. this means your stomach juice becomes more acidic - False

The stomach's pH will rise if a person takes an antacid pill. Antacids neutralise excess stomach acid to treat conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease, heartburn, and acid indigestion. They usually consist of elements such as calcium carbonate, magnesium or aluminium hydroxide; when coupled with stomach acid, these elements react to form salts and water.

Antacids reduce the acidity of the stomach contents by raising the pH level and neutralising the stomach's acid. This can aid in reducing the symptoms brought on by excessive acid production. Therefore, it is untrue that taking an antacid increases the acidity of the stomach liquid.

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Answer: a

Explanation:

im big brain

The diagram that shows two (2) waveforms with different amplitudes but the same wavelengths is: Diagram A.

A wave can be defined as a disturbance that is created in a medium, which progressively transports energy from a source to another location without the transportation of matter. Some of the parameters that are associated with a waveform include the following:

Amplitude refers to the maximum displacement of a wave when measured from its equilibrium position.

Wavelength refers to the distance between two (2) successive crests (troughs) of a wave.

Note: Amplitude is measured vertically from an equilibrium position while wavelength is measured horizontally.

In conclusion, Diagram A shows two (2) waveforms with different amplitudes but the same wavelengths.

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Samples A and B are metals, and samples C and D are nonmetals.

We have to note that the appearance of the object can be used to determine the kind of object that it is. We know that a metal would always have a luster and the exception here is only mercury that is a liquid metal.

On the other hand, the non metals are either liquid or they are solids that are brittle and would have a low melting and boiling point due to the lack of a crystalline structure.

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To calculate the decrease in temperature when 6.00 L at 20.0 °C is compressed to 4.00 L, we need to use the ideal gas law, PV = nRT.

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The arrangement of an atom's or molecule's electrons in atomic or molecular orbitals is known as the electron configuration in atomic physics and quantum chemistry.

One orbital can house a maximum of two electrons, and there are four different types of orbitals (s, p, d, and f). More electrons can be held in the p, d, and f orbitals since they contain various sublevels. Each element's position on the periodic table determines the specific electron configuration of that element. The arrangement of an atom's or molecule's electrons in atomic or molecular orbitals is known as the electron configuration in atomic physics and quantum chemistry.

A standardized notation is used for expressing electron configurations, in which the energy level and type of orbital are written first, followed by the number of electrons in the orbital, which is expressed in superscript. For instance, carbon's (atomic number: 6) electronic configuration is 1s22s22p2.

Hence. The elements are denoted by the  electron configurations are,

1) Beryllium

2) Boron

3) Magnesium

4) Silicon

5) Phosphorus

6) Calcium

7) Nickel

8) Krypton

9) Bromine

10) Strontium

The complete question is,

Determine the elements denoted by the following electron configurations.​

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One round of the Krebs cycle produces (B) NADH (C) FADH₂ (D) CO₂. Hence, the correct options are B,C and D.

NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers that will go on to produce ATP in the electron transport chain. CO2 is a waste product that is released into the atmosphere. ATP is not directly produced by the Krebs cycle, but rather by the electron transport chain, which uses the NADH and FADH2 produced by the Krebs cycle to generate ATP. The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is a series of biochemical reactions that occur in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells, as well as in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. The purpose of the Krebs cycle is to generate energy in the form of ATP, as well as to produce electron carriers such as NADH and FADH2 that will go on to generate more ATP in the electron transport chain. In the Krebs cycle, acetyl-CoA, a two-carbon molecule derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, enters the cycle and is combined with a four-carbon molecule called oxaloacetate to form citrate, a six-carbon molecule. Citrate is then converted through a series of reactions into isocitrate, which is then converted into alpha-ketoglutarate. During these reactions, CO2 is released as a waste product. Alpha-ketoglutarate is then converted into succinyl-CoA, which releases another molecule of CO2. This reaction produces a molecule of ATP as well as a molecule of the electron carrier NADH. Succinyl-CoA is then converted into succinate, which is further converted into fumarate, releasing another molecule of FADH2. Fumarate is then converted into malate, which is then converted back into oxaloacetate, which can combine with another molecule of acetyl-CoA to continue the cycle.

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Answer:

the answer is....... D. Plasma

Answer:

Plasma

Explanation:

Got it right

Answer:

The answer you're looking for is A

Explanation:

A is the answer

Explanation:

Answer:1.59

Explanation: For every mol of Ca(OH)2 there are two moles of OH so the concentration of OH is .013 x2 =.026 M OH

pOH = - log [OH] so -log .026 = 1.59

pOH is the negative logarithm of hydroxide ion concentration. 1.59 is the pOH of a 0.013 M Ca(OH)₂ solution.

The term pOH is defined as the negative of the logarithm of the OH− ion concentration. It is represented by the formula  pOH = - log [OH−].

pOH is the activity of acidity or alkalinity of a solution by determining the concentration of OH− ions.

If the pOH value is less than 7, the solution is basic. If the pOH value is equal to 7, the solution is neutral. If the pOH value is more than 7, the solution is acidic.

For every mol of Ca(OH)₂ there are two moles of hydroxide therefore, the concentration of OH is 0.013 x 2 = 0.026 M OH

According to the formula of pOH

pOH = - log [OH]

-log .026 = 1.59

Thus, the pOH of a 0.013 M Ca(OH)₂ solution is 1.59.

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Explanation:

The given compound is:  

       AlCl₃

A cation is the positively charge specie and the anion is the negatively charged one.

              Al³⁺  + 3Cl⁻ → AlCl₃

To classify the statements based on the described method, we need to understand the definitions of each term. Standard addition is a method where a known amount of standard solution is added to a sample to determine its concentration. Internal standards involve adding a known amount of a substance to the sample, which is used as a reference to determine the concentration of other substances. External standards involve comparing the sample to a known concentration standard.
With that in mind, the statement that describes the method of standard addition is "Standard addition." The statement that describes the method of internal standards is "Internal standards." Finally, the statement that describes the method of external standards is "External standards."

Standard addition is a method used in analytical chemistry to improve the accuracy of quantitative measurements. It involves adding known amounts of a standard solution to the sample, and then comparing the response of the sample-plus-standard mixture to the response of the sample alone.
Internal standards are compounds added to a sample in known amounts, allowing for the correction of variations in the analytical process. They are chemically similar to the analyte of interest and help improve precision by accounting for errors due to factors such as instrument fluctuations or sample preparation.
External standards are reference materials with known concentrations of the analyte, which are used to create a calibration curve. By measuring the response of the external standards, the concentration of the analyte in the sample can be determined by comparing the sample's response to the calibration curve.

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Answer:

x = 25.02 or 25°c

Explanation:

Given:

mass of water : 7.50×10² =750 gm

Ccal = 8.20× 10² = 820 J/°c

Let assume final temp = x°c

then, heat gained by the water + heat gained by calorimeter

= 25400 J

⇒ Mw × Cw× ΔTw+ Ccal ×ΔT = 25400

⇒ 750× 4.184 × (x - 18.6) + 820 ×(x-18.6) = 25400

⇒ x = 25.02 or 25°c

A chemical catalyst increases the rate of a reaction by decreasing the energy of activation.

In a chemical reaction, the presence of a catalyst increases the reaction rate in both forward and backward  reactions by providing an alternative pathway by lowering the activation energy.

Catalysts increase the rate of a reaction without being used up. With the presence of a catalyst in a certain reaction, more number of collisions take place,  so the rate of reaction increases.

When the activation energy is lowered, more reactants can cross the reaction barrier easily and so, the rate of reaction increases.

Therefore, we can say that the role of a catalyst is to lower the activation energy in order to increase the reaction rate.

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Fractional distillation would be more suitable for a., b., and c., while simple distillation would be more suitable for d.

a. Fractional distillation would be more suitable for preparing drinking water from seawater. This is because seawater contains a mixture of salts and other impurities that have different boiling points. Fractional distillation allows for the separation of components based on their boiling points, which is useful for separating water from the other impurities.

b. Fractional distillation would be more suitable for separating benzene from toluene. This is because the boiling points of these two compounds are relatively close together, making it difficult to separate them using a simple distillation. Fractional distillation allows for more precise temperature control and therefore better separation of components with similar boiling points.

c. Fractional distillation would be more suitable for obtaining gasoline from crude oil. Crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons with a wide range of boiling points. Fractional distillation allows for the separation of these components based on their boiling points, which is useful for obtaining gasoline with a specific range of boiling points.

d. Simple distillation would be more suitable for removing diethyl ether from p-dichlorobenzene. This is because diethyl ether and p-dichlorobenzene have significantly different boiling points, so a simple distillation would be sufficient for separating them. Fractional distillation would not be necessary as the separation would be easily accomplished by a simple distillation.

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