What are the main properties of matter?

Answer:

196J, but C. at 200 J comes close.

Explanation:

Potential energy due to gravity is given by:

PEgrav = mass • g • height

where g is the acceleration due to gravity.  We'll use 9.8 N/kg (on Earth).

PEgrav = mass • g • height

PEgrav = (2 kg) • (9.8 N/kg) • (10 m)

PEgrav = 196 N*m

1 N*m = 1 Joule

PEgrav = 196 J

C. at 200 J comes close.  The solution probably used a value of g equal to 10 N/kg)

Answer:

20 J

Explanation:

For I₂ under the harmonic oscillator approximation at 300 K, the ratio of molecules in the first excited state (n=1) to the ground state (n=0) can be calculated using the Boltzmann distribution equation. The vibrational energy levels are assumed to be equally spaced, and the proportion of molecules in the first excited state compared to the ground state can be determined.

Additionally, the temperature at which the population in the first excited state is half of that in the ground state can be found by setting up an equation based on the Boltzmann distribution.

The ratio of molecules in the first excited state to the ground state for I₂ at 300 K using the harmonic oscillator approximation, we can use the Boltzmann distribution equation. The energy levels of a harmonic oscillator are given by E = (n + 1/2)hν, where n is the vibrational quantum number, h is Planck's constant, and ν is the vibrational frequency.

a) Ratio of molecules in the first excited state to the ground state:

Since the energy levels are equally spaced, the energy difference between adjacent levels is ΔE = hν. Using the formula ΔE = √(k/μ), where k is the force constant and μ is the reduced mass, we can calculate the vibrational frequency (ν) for I₂.

μ = m1 * m2 / (m1 + m2)  (reduced mass equation)

Plugging in the mass of iodine (I) as 126.9 amu and applying the reduced mass equation, we can find μ.

Once we have ν, we can calculate the energy difference (ΔE) and determine the ratio of molecules in the first excited state (n=1) to the ground state (n=0) using the Boltzmann distribution equation.

b) Temperature at which the population in the first excited state is half of that in the ground state:

To find this temperature, we can set up an equation where the ratio of molecules in the first excited state (n=1) to the ground state (n=0) is 1:2. We can solve for the temperature (T) using the Boltzmann distribution equation.

With the given force constant (k=170 N/m) and the calculated vibrational frequency (ν), we can determine the temperature at which the population in the first excited state will be half of that in the ground state.

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Answer:

This informative text, written in easily understood language, will allow those without a mechanical engineering background to understand air calculation and ventilation problems.

Even if all other elements are at or close to the ideal range of tolerance, the limiting factor principle states that too much or too little of any physical or chemical factor can restrict or prevent population increase. Some species have a remarkable capacity for population growth.

Even when all other elements are at or close to their ideal levels, too much or too little of any physical or chemical factor might stop population increase. This ecological principle, what is it?

Food, water, habitat, and mates are the typical ecological limiting variables. The carrying capacity of an environment will depend on the accessibility of these elements. Demand for food increases along with population growth. Given the scarcity of food, organisms will start vying for it.

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Answer:

it's volume also decrease

Answer:

75%

Explanation:

percent yield is the actual yield divided by the theoretical (predicted) yield, then multiplied by 100 to get a percentage.

60/80 = 0.75

0.75 x 100 = 75%

Answer:

33.34 %

Explanation:

Given that,

Actual yield = 60 g

Theoretical yield = 80 g

We need to find the percentage yield. It can be calculated as follows :

\(\%=\dfrac{Acutal-theoretical }{Actual}\times 100\\\\=\dfrac{60-80}{60}\times 100\\\\=33.34\%\)

So, the required percentage yield is 33.34 %.

The dimensions of the rectangle of maximum area are 12 (length) and 10 (height).

To find the dimensions of the rectangle of maximum area inscribed within the given triangle, we need to understand that the maximum area of the rectangle will be achieved when the rectangle is a square.

Given that the base of the triangle is 12 and the height is 10, we can use the properties of similar triangles to find the height of the rectangle.

Since two of the vertices of the rectangle lie on the base of the triangle, the height of the rectangle will be equal to the height of the triangle, which is 10.

Now, we can find the length of the rectangle by using the base of the triangle. Since the rectangle is inscribed within the triangle, the length of the rectangle will be equal to the length of the base of the triangle, which is 12.

Therefore, the dimensions of the rectangle of maximum area are 12 (length) and 10 (height).

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Answer: In Mendeleeve periodic table the elements are arranged in increasing atomic mass, whereas in the modern periodic table the elements are arranged in increasing atomic number. The further differences are as follows:

Explanation:

In Mendeleev periodic table there are 9 verticle columns, whereas in modern periodic table there are 18 verticle columns.

A group of nobel gases was not discovered in the Mendeleev periodic table, whereas the a nobel gas was placed separately in the modern periodic table.

Answer:

The elements are arranged in the growing order of atomic masses in Mendeleev's periodic table. On the other hand, the cells are placed in the modern periodic table in the vastly increased order of increasing atomic numbers that is a more fundamental characteristic than the orbital radius.

Explanation:

Answer:

3) 9.1 x 10^3 J

Explanation:

There are 20 positions with the amino acids the same between the two species. Those are 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14, 16, 18, 19, 23, 28, 30, 36, 37, 38, 47, 50, 51, 53, and 54.

Amino acids are defined as the molecules that combine to form proteins. Amino acids said as the building blocks of life. The human body uses amino acids to make proteins to help the body to break down the food. There are 12 amino acids. Those are isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, cysteine, tyrosine, histidine and arginine. These are the organic compounds which contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. There are 20 positions with the amino acids of same species.

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The complete question is,

How many positions are the amino acids the same between the two species?

A buffer is made from an acid - base conjugate pair as shown by option A

Buffers are often composed of weak acids and their conjugate bases (or weak bases and their conjugate acids). The weak acid can contribute a proton to balance any new base, whereas the conjugate base can absorb a proton to do so.

This balance between the acid and its conjugate base allows the buffer to survive pH changes. Buffers are essential in biological systems because many biochemical processes are particularly sensitive to pH changes.

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Answer:

O-H

Explanation:

It is polar covalent bond, because the hydrogen atom has electronegativity about 2.6, and the oxygen atom, electronegativity about 3.6. When the difference in electronegativity of the atoms is between 0.4 and 1.7, the result is a polar covalent bond.

Let's find the masses of carbon and hydrogen from the masses of our products

for carbon:

\(23.98 g (CO_2) * \frac{12 g (C)}{44g (CO_2)}\)

mass of carbon = 6.54 gram

for hydrogen:

\(4.91 g (H_{2}O) * \frac{1 g (H)}{18 g (H_{2}O)}\)

mass of hydrogen = 0.27 gram

Total mass of carbon and hydrogen:

Mass of Carbon + Mass of Hydrogen = 6.54 + 0.27 = 6.81 gram

since we had a 10 gram sample, the rest of the mass must be because of Oxygen. so,

Mass of Oxygen:

Mass of compound  - Mass of carbon and hydrogen

10 - 6.81 = 3.19 gram Oxygen

Finding number of moles:

Moles of Carbon:

\(\displaystyle moles = \frac{given~mass}{molar~mass} = \frac{6.54~grams}{12~\frac{grams}{mole}} = 0.6~moles\)

Moles of Oxygen:

\(\displaystyle moles = \frac{given~mass}{molar~mass} = \frac{3.19~grams}{16~\frac{grams}{mole}} = 0.2~moles\)

Moles of Hydrogen:

\(\displaystyle moles = \frac{given~mass}{molar~mass} = \frac{0.27~grams}{1~\frac{grams}{mole}} = 0.3~moles\)

Empirical Formula:

Carbon : Hydrogen : Oxygen

0.6 : 0.3 : 0.2

6 : 3 : 2

C₆H₃O₂

Based on the given data, my hypothesis was that the gummy bear would absorb water and expand in size. This hypothesis was correct as there was a significant increase in the volume and mass of the gummy bear from Day 1 to Day 2.

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Answer

50 N

Explanation

Answer:

I want to say its Lonic Bonding.

Explanation:

Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms.

Answer:

To determine the volume of 16 g of oxygen at 15°C and 1 atm pressure, we can use the ideal gas law equation:

PV = nRT

Where P is the pressure in atm, V is the volume in liters, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant (0.0821 L atm/mol K), and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

First, we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:

T = 15°C + 273.15 = 288.15 K

Next, we need to calculate the number of moles of oxygen:

n = m/M

Where m is the mass of oxygen (16 g) and M is the molar mass of oxygen (32 g/mol).

n = 16 g / 32 g/mol = 0.5 mol

Now we can rearrange the ideal gas law equation to solve for V:

V = nRT/P

V = (0.5 mol)(0.0821 L atm/mol K)(288.15 K) / 1 atm = 11.3 L

Therefore, there are 11.3 liters of oxygen in the container.

Explanation:

By taking into account the different numbers of sodium ions released by different salts upon dissociation, we can calculate that the final molarity of sodium salts is 0.1055 M.

To calculate the total molarity of the sodium ions in the new solution, we must calculate the number of moles of sodium ions in the first, second, and third solutions, add them up and divide them by the total volume of the new solution.

First solution - 1 mol of sodium chloride releases 1 mole of sodium ions upon dissociation, so the amount of sodium ions will be equal to the amount of sodium chloride:

c = n/V ⇒ n = c*V = 1.25 M * 0.0250 L = 0.03125 mol

Second solution - 1 mol of sodium sulfate releases 2 moles of sodium ions upon dissociation, so the amount of sodium ions will be double the amount of sodium sulfate:

n = 2c*V = 2 * 0.550 M * 0.145 L = 0.1595 mol

Third solution - 1 mol of sodium phosphate releases 3 moles of sodium ions upon dissociation, so the amount of sodium ions will be triple the amount of sodium phosphate:

n = 3c*V = 3 * 0.225 M * 0.0300 L = 0.02025 mol

The final molarity of sodium ions:

c = n/V = (0.03125 mol + 0.1595 mol + 0.02025 mol) / (0.0250 L + 0.145 L + 0.0300 L) = 1.055 M

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Mass of water is 45.2 grams.

Overall chemical equation for reaction of combustion a propane (C₃H₈):

C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O.

m(C₃H₈) = 53.5 g; mass of the propane

m(O₂) = 15.0 g; mass of oxygen

m(CO₂) = 23.3 g; mass of carbon dioxide

m(H₂O) = ?; mass of water

Conservation of matter states that the mass of the reactants have to be equal to the mass of the products.

m(C₃H₈) + m(O₂) = m(CO₂) + m(H₂O)

53.5 g + 15.5 g = 23.3 g + m(H₂O)

m(H₂O) = 69.0 g - 23.3 g

m(H₂O) = 45.2 g; mass of water

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Answer:

Your Answer would be Option B

Answer:

B

Explanation:

The Answer is B-Transfer of heat through direct physical contact

Answer:

The correct answer is - DNA (check image).

Explanation:

In this diagram, The W mark is the nucleus of the cell X is the chromosome Y represents the DNA and Z is the gene. Gene is the segment of the DNA and DNA is the pat of the chromosome with histone. Chromosomes are present in the nucleus of the cell. These all are the structures of the genetic structures.

Thus, the correct answer is - DNA.

Answer:

dna

Explanation:

edge

Chordae tendinae, also known as "heart strings," are tendons made of connective tissue that play a crucial role in the functioning of the heart.

Chordae tendinae are specialized tendons found in the heart, specifically in the ventricles. They are composed of connective tissue, primarily collagen fibers, and are responsible for anchoring the heart valves, known as the atrioventricular valves (AV valves), to the ventricular walls. The AV valves include the mitral valve, located between the left atrium and left ventricle, and the tricuspid valve, located between the right atrium and right ventricle.

The chordae tendinae extend from the papillary muscles, which are small, muscular projections in the ventricles, to the valve leaflets. When the heart contracts, the papillary muscles also contract, tightening the chordae tendinae and preventing the valves from being forced back into the atria. This mechanism ensures that blood flows in one direction through the heart, allowing for efficient circulation.

The tissue composition of chordae tendinae provides them with strength and flexibility, allowing them to withstand the forces exerted during the cardiac cycle. Their integrity is crucial for maintaining proper valve function and preventing the backflow of blood.

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SOED provides a direct measurement of singlet oxygen concentration but requires the use of specific chemical probes. SOLD, on the other hand, estimates singlet oxygen production indirectly based on the detection of its luminescence.

Singlet oxygen explicit dosimetry (SOED) and singlet oxygen luminescence dosimetry (SOLD) are two approaches used to measure the production of singlet oxygen during photofrin-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT). Let's compare these two methods:

Singlet Oxygen Explicit Dosimetry (SOED): SOED is a technique that directly measures the concentration of singlet oxygen molecules generated during PDT. It involves the use of specific chemical probes that react selectively with singlet oxygen to produce a detectable signal. The intensity of the signal is then correlated with the amount of singlet oxygen present.

Advantages of SOED:

Direct measurement: SOED provides a direct quantification of singlet oxygen, allowing for accurate dosimetry.

Real-time monitoring: This method allows for real-time monitoring of singlet oxygen production during treatment.

Limitations of SOED:

Probe specificity: The choice of chemical probe may influence the accuracy and reliability of the measurements. Different probes may have varying reactivities or selectivities towards singlet oxygen.

Probe distribution: Ensuring uniform distribution of the probe throughout the target tissue can be challenging, potentially leading to spatial variations in singlet oxygen measurements.

Singlet Oxygen Luminescence Dosimetry (SOLD): SOLD is an indirect method that estimates the production of singlet oxygen based on the detection of its characteristic luminescence. It involves the use of photosensitizers that emit light upon interaction with singlet oxygen. The emitted light is collected and measured to estimate the singlet oxygen production.

Advantages of SOLD:

Non-invasive: SOLD does not require the introduction of exogenous probes or reagents into the tissue, making it a non-invasive technique.

Tissue penetration: The emitted luminescence can be detected even from deep within the tissue, allowing for measurements in deeper regions.

Limitations of SOLD:

Signal interpretation: The interpretation of luminescence signals can be complex due to factors such as tissue scattering and absorption, making accurate quantification challenging.

Sensitivity: SOLD measurements may be influenced by various factors, including the photosensitizer concentration, tissue oxygenation levels, and local environment.

In summary, SOED provides a direct measurement of singlet oxygen concentration but requires the use of specific chemical probes. SOLD, on the other hand, estimates singlet oxygen production indirectly based on the detection of its luminescence. The choice between these methods depends on factors such as the desired accuracy, real-time monitoring capability, and invasiveness of the technique in the context of photofrin-mediated PDT.

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When sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) are released into the atmosphere and carried by wind and air currents, acid rain is the volcanoes.

Thus, Nitric and sulfuric acids are created when the SO2 and NOX react with water, oxygen, and other substances. Then, before hitting the ground, they combine with water and other substances.

The majority of the SO2 and NOX that contribute to acid rain originates from burning fossil fuels, however a tiny amount comes from natural sources like volcanoes.  

Thus, When sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) are released into the atmosphere and carried by wind and air currents, acid rain is the volcanoes.

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Lewis structure is the electron dot representation of the atomic and molecular bonds of the molecules. Trigonal planar is the shape of the formaldehyde.

A trigonal planar shape of the molecule is the arrangement of the central atom attached to the other three atoms making them look triangle-shaped.

The attachment of the carbon to the two hydrogens and one oxygen atom can be given by the VSEPR theory. The number of the electron pair in the molecule is 3 making them \(\rm sp_{2}\) hybridized and hence have a trigonal planar shape.

Therefore, option D.  trigonal planar is the shape.

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The molecular formula of the compound is C6H12O6.

1) We know that;

1 mole of CO2 contains 6.02 X 10^23 atoms

x moles of CO2 contains 1.5 X 10^23 atoms

x = 1 mole X  1.5 X 10^23 atoms /6.02 X 10^23 atoms

x = 0.25  moles of CO2

2) 1 mole of pure Al has 27 g

x moles of Al has 5 g

x = 1 mole ×  5 g/ 27 g

x = 0.19 moles

If 1 mole of Al contains 6.02 X 10^23 atoms

0.19 moles of Al contains 0.19 moles  ×  6.02 X 10^23 atoms /1 mole

= 1.14 X 10^23 atoms

3) From 2Na + Cl2 ---> 2NaCl;

2 moles of Na produces 2 moles of NaCl hence 3 moles of Na will also produce 3 moles of NaCl.

4) The molar mass of K2SO4 is obtained from;

2(39) + 32 + 4(16) = 78 + 32 + 64 = 174 g/mol

Now;

Percentage by mass of K = 2(39)/ 174  ×  100/1 = 44.8%

Percentage by mass of S = 32/174 ×  100/1 = 18.4%

Percentage by mass of O = 4(16)/174 ×  100/1 = 36.8%

5) The reaction equation is;

4Al(s) + 3O2(g) ----> 2Al2O3

Total mass present =  162g + 144g = 306 g

Mass percent of Al =  162g/ 306 g ×  100/1 =52.9%

6)

C - 40/12     H -  6.71/1        O - 53.29/16

C - 3.33      H - 6.71            O - 3.33

Dividing through by the lowest ratio

C- 3.33/3.33     H - 6.71/3.33    O - 3.33/3.33

C - 1                  H - 2                 O - 1

The empirical formula is CH2O

Now;

[12 + 2(1) + 16] n = 180.16

30n = 180.16

n = 180.16/30

n = 6

The molecular formula is C6H12O6.

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Answer:                                                                                                                    So the burning of paper is considered as a chemical change as the paper after burning changes into ashes and fumes of gases evolve.

Explanation: