What are Newtons laws of physics? Explain each of them.

Answer:

v = 46.67 km/h

Explanation:

We will use the following formula throughout this numerical:

s = vt

where,

s = distance covered

v = speed

t =  time taken

FOR FIRST 30 km:

s = 30 km

v = 30 km/h

t = t₃₀ = ?

Therefore,

30 km = (30 km/h)(t₃₀)

t₃₀ = (30 km)/(30 km/h)

t₃₀ = 1 h

FOR TOTAL 100 km:

s = 100 km

v = 40 km/h (Average Speed)

t = total time = ?

Therefore,

100 km = (40 km/h)(t)

t = (100 km)/(40 km/h)

t = 2.5 h

FOR LAST 70 km:

s = 70 km

t₇₀ = t - t₃₀ = 2.5 h - 1 h = 1.5 h

v = v₇₀ = ?

Therefore,

70 km = v(1.5 h)

v = 70 km/1.5 h

v = 46.67 km/h

Answer:

In the previous section, we defined circular motion. The simplest case of circular motion is uniform circular motion, where an object travels a circular path at a constant speed. Note that, unlike speed, the linear velocity of an object in circular motion is constantly changing because it is always changing direction. We know from kinematics that acceleration is a change in velocity, either in magnitude or in direction or both. Therefore, an object undergoing uniform circular motion is always accelerating, even though the magnitude of its velocity is constant.

You experience this acceleration yourself every time you ride in a car while it turns a corner. If you hold the steering wheel steady during the turn and move at a constant speed, you are executing uniform circular motion. What you notice is a feeling of sliding (or being flung, depending on the speed) away from the center of the turn. This isn’t an actual force that is acting on you—it only happens because your body wants to continue moving in a straight line (as per Newton’s first law) whereas the car is turning off this straight-line path. Inside the car it appears as if you are forced away from the center of the turn. This fictitious force is known as the centrifugal force. The sharper the curve and the greater your speed, the more noticeable this effect becomes.

Figure 6.7 shows an object moving in a circular path at constant speed. The direction of the instantaneous tangential velocity is shown at two points along the path. Acceleration is in the direction of the change in velocity; in this case it points roughly toward the center of rotation. (The center of rotation is at the center of the circular path). If we imagine Δs becoming smaller and smaller, then the acceleration would point exactly toward the center of rotation, but this case is hard to draw. We call the acceleration of an object moving in uniform circular motion the centripetal acceleration ac because centripetal means center seeking.

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Every point on a wave acts as a generator of new waves in accordance with Huygens' principle.

Option b is correct.

According to Huygens' principle, any point on a wave front can be thought of as a source of secondary waves. The superposition of two waves is referred to as interference, whereas interference caused by several waves is referred to as diffraction.

All waves, including those in water, sound, and light, can be explained by Huygens's principle. It helps explain the rules of reflection and refraction in addition to how light waves travel through space.

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Answer:

Gas is different from liquid. Liquid has a definite volume but takes the shape of the container it is in. Gas on the other hand, has no definite shape or volume.

Explanation:

When electromagnetic radiation is Doppler-shifted by motion away from the detector, the observed wavelength increases.

When an object emitting electromagnetic radiation, such as light, is moving away from an observer (detector), the wavelengths of the observed radiation are stretched or increased.

This phenomenon is known as the Doppler shift. It occurs because the motion of the source affects the perceived frequency or wavelength of the radiation. When the source is moving away, the observed wavelength is longer compared to the emitted wavelength.

This effect can be observed in various contexts, such as the redshift observed in the light from distant galaxies, indicating their recession from us due to the expansion of the universe.

Additionally, it is relevant in understanding the behavior of stars, galaxies, and other astronomical objects. By analyzing the Doppler shift, scientists can infer important information about the motion and velocity of celestial objects.

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Answer:

Option D

Explanation:

A chemical reaction, in general, has two sides. A reactant side, and a a product side.

The products of a chemical reaction doesn't necessarily have the compounds of the reactants, in fact, it usually begins with different compounds to form another compound. This is actually what makes sense of a chemical reaction.

But, a chemical reaction needs to be balanced, which means that no matter what compound or element we have in the reactants, we should have the same number of atoms and element on each side of the reaction.

Now, according to the given chemical reaction, the products of this reaction are CO₂ and H₂O. You can also see that the water molecule has a number 2, behind the compound. This number represents, chemically speaking, number of moles of the compound, but it also tell us another information and its the fact that this number multiply the number of atoms of the compound. So, if we have 2H₂O, then we actually have 2 atoms of oxygen, and 4 atoms of hydrogen.

In the case of CO₂, we only have 1 atom of carbon and 2 atoms of oxygen. The information we can get from this, and according to the above explanation, we should have in the reactants, one or more compounds that have in its inner structure, Carbon, oxigen and hydrogen; it doesn't necessarily mean that it should be one compound at once, it could be 2 or more compounds, but these elements have to be in there.

How many atoms of each element? We said it before, a chemical reaction needs to be balanced, so if we have in the products, 2 atoms of Carbon, 4 atoms of hydrogen and 4 atoms of oxygen (2 from the CO₂ and 2 from the water), then in the reactants, we need to have 4 atoms of hydrogen and oxygen, and 1 atom of Carbon at least.

The correct option should be D.

Hope this helps

Answer:

216 J

Explanation:

h = 1.8

a = 9.8

m = 12.2

GPE = HAM = 216

The gravitational potential energy of a suitcase weighing 120 N sits on a counter 1.8 m high in the airport is 216 Joules.

Gravitational potential energy is the energy which is present inside the body of an object which is at rest. This energy is transformed into kinetic energy as soon as the object changes its state of rest to motion.

The gravitational potential energy of an object can be calculated through the formula:

GPE = m × g × h

where, GPE = Gravitational Potential Energy,

m = mass of the object,

h = height covered by the object

w = m × g

where, w = weight of the object

So, the gravitational potential energy of the object is:

GPE = 120 × 1.8

GPE = 216 Joules

Therefore, the gravitational potential energy of the suitcase is 216 Joules.

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0.600

In a regression analysis, if sse = 200 and ssr = 300, then the coefficient of determination is: 0.600

1. You have that the data set having SSR=300 and SSE=200

2. Therefore you have the coefficient of determination is:

r²=SSR/SSTO

SSTO=SSR+SSE

3. Then, when you substitute the values, you obtain:

SSTO=200+300

SSTO=500

r²=300/500

4. So, you have that the result is:

r²=0.6

As a result, as you can see, the solution to the previous exercise is that the coefficient of determination is 0.6

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Answer:

44.2 N towards left

or

-44.2 N towards right

Explanation:

pls refer attachment for detailed solution

While the density of a material refers to the mass per volume of one piece, the bulk density refers to the mass per unit volume of a larger sample or bulk quantity of the material.

The bulk density of a material refers to the mass per unit volume of a large quantity or a bulk sample of the material. It takes into account the overall volume occupied by multiple pieces or particles of the material.

Unlike the density of a single piece of the material, which considers the mass and volume of an individual unit, the bulk density considers the collective mass and volume of a larger sample that contains multiple pieces or particles.

It provides an average measure of the material's density when it is present in a larger quantity or in bulk form.

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Answer:

Kinetic energy is DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO MASS AND VELOCITY

Answer:

GRavity

Explanation:

:(a) The work done during the isothermal transition is zero, and the heat produced is Q = T(S2 - S1). (b) The work done during the constant-entropy transition is W = n(coT2 - ThT1), and the heat produced is Q = nTh(T2 - T1).

(a) During an isothermal transition of an ideal gas from temperature T and entropy S1 to temperature T and entropy S2, the work done is zero. This is because the volume change during the transition occurs at a constant temperature, resulting in no net work.

The heat produced during this transition can be calculated using the formula Q = T(S2 - S1), where T is the temperature and S2 and S1 are the entropies at the respective states.

(b) In a constant-entropy transition of an ideal gas from temperature T1 and entropy S to temperature T2 and entropy S, the work done can be determined using the formula W = n(coT2 - ThT1), where n is the number of moles of the gas, co is the specific heat, and Th is the absolute temperature. The heat produced during this transition can be calculated using the formula Q = nTh(T2 - T1).

the calculations involved in determining the work done and heat produced during different thermodynamic transitions of an ideal gas.

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The given statement "scientists are concerned about the decrease in ozone is allowing more ultraviolet" is true because ozone is a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms that exist in the Earth's atmosphere. It's a form of oxygen that absorbs almost all of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet light.

Ultraviolet rays are very harmful to humans, causing skin cancer, immune system breakdowns, and cataracts in the eyes. When the ozone layer is damaged or thinned, it can allow more ultraviolet rays to penetrate the atmosphere, which is why scientists are so concerned about ozone depletion.What are the impacts of ozone depletion?It is estimated that a 1% reduction in the ozone layer increases the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer by 2%.A decrease of 10% in the ozone layer may result in a 20% increase in the incidence of skin cancer.The thinning of the ozone layer may result in a decrease in plant production, which may result in food supply shortages.A decrease in ozone may have an impact on phytoplankton, which play a crucial role in ocean food webs. These tiny creatures consume carbon dioxide and produce half of the world's oxygen. As phytoplankton numbers decline, ocean ecosystems may change, affecting everything from fish populations to weather patterns.

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Answer: 1.0

Explanation:

not sure why but that is the correct answer

Answer:

1.0

Explanation:

Correct answer on Khan Academy

A) The current in the solenoid is 0.22 A. B) If the solenoid were doubled, the current would remain the same.

A) The magnetic flux through the solenoid is given by Φ = μ₀n²πr²I, where μ₀ is the permeability of free space, n is the number of turns per unit length, r is the radius of the solenoid, and I is the current.

Solving for I, we get I = Φ/(μ₀n²πr²)

= (1.27x10⁻⁴ Tm²)/(4πx10⁻⁷ TmA⁻¹x372²/m²x(0.179/2)²m²)

= 0.22 A.

B) Doubling the solenoid would double the number of turns per unit length (n) and the radius (r), but the magnetic flux would remain the same.

Therefore, using the same equation as before, we see that the current would remain unchanged, since the increase in n and r would cancel each other out.

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1) current

2) in series

3) voltage

4) In parallel

Ammeters are connected in series with the component or part of the circuit being measured, so that the entire current flows through the ammeter. This means that the ammeter must have a very low resistance, so that it does not significantly alter the current being measured. Typically, ammeters have a built-in shunt resistor to achieve this low resistance.

On the other hand, voltmeters are connected in parallel with the component or part of the circuit being measured, so that they measure the voltage across the component or part. This means that the voltmeter must have a very high resistance, so that it does not draw significant current from the circuit and alter the voltage being measured. Typically, voltmeters have a built-in series resistor to achieve this high resistance.

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Answer:

a. 1.062 × 10⁻⁹ C/m² b. 5.472 × 10⁵ C c. 7.685 × 10⁹ V d. -210.12 V e. 4.972 × 10³ N f. F the electric force is much less than the gravitational force F₁ of the earth on the moon.

Explanation:

a. The surface charge density D = ε₀E where E = 120 N/C

D = ε₀E = 8.854 × 10⁻¹² F/m × 120 N/C = 1.062 × 10⁻⁹ C/m²

The charge density is positive since the electric field is positive or directed downwards. Only a positive charge could direct an electric field out of itself.

b. Since the surface charge density is uniform over the planet and charge, Q = DA where A = area of earth = 4πr² where r = radius of earth = 6.4 × 10⁶ m.

So Q = DA

= 1.063 × 10⁻⁹ C/m² × 4π × (6.4 × 10⁶ m)²

= 5.4715 × 10⁵ C

≅ 5.472 × 10⁵ C

c. The earth's electric potential due  to this charge Q is V = Q/4πε₀r

= 5.472 × 10⁵ C ÷ (4π × 8.854 × 10⁻¹² F/m × 6.4 × 10⁶ m)

= 5.472 × 10⁵ C ÷ 712.081 × 10⁻⁶ F

= 0.07685 × 10¹¹ V

= 7.685 × 10⁹ V

= 7.685 GV

d. Since V = Q/4πε₀r, and we are going to be dealing with a small change in length compared to r, we differentiate V to get the differential change in potential.

So, dV/dr = -Q/4πε₀r²

dV = -Qdr/4πε₀r² ,dr = 1.75 m

dV = -5.472 × 10⁵ C × 1.75 m ÷ [4π × 8.854 × 10⁻¹² F/m × (6.4 × 10⁶ m)²]

dV = -9.576 × 10⁵ Cm ÷ 4557.318 Fm

dV = -210.124 V

dV ≅ -210.12 V

e. Let Q₁ = charge on moon and Q₂ = charge on earth. Given that Q₁ = 0.273Q₂, the force of attraction between earth and moon is F = Q₁Q₂/4πε₀R² where R = distance between earth and moon = 3.844 × 10⁸ m

F = Q₁Q₂/4πε₀R²  

= 0.273Q²/4πε₀R²

= 0.273 × (5.472 × 10⁵ C)²/ [4π × 8.854 × 10⁻¹² F/m × (3.844 × 10⁸ m)²]

= 8.1744 × 10¹⁰ C²/1644.054 Fm × 10⁴

= 0.004972 × 10⁶ N

= 4.972 × 10³ N

= 4.972 kN

f. The gravitational force between earth and moon F₁ = Gm₁m₂/R² where m₁ = mass of moon = 7.3 × 10²² kg and m₂ = mass of earth = 5.97 × 10²⁴ kg.

F₁ = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ Nm²/kg² × 5.97 × 10²⁴ kg × 7.3 × 10²² kg/(3.844 × 10⁸ m)²

= 290.685 × 10³⁵ Nm²/14.776 × 10¹⁶ m²

= 19.67 × 10¹⁹ N

= 1.967 × 10²⁰ N

≅ 2 × 10²⁰ N

Since F₁/F = 1.967 × 10²⁰ N/4.972 × 10³ N = 3.95 × 10¹⁶ ≅ 4 × 10¹⁶.

F the electric force is much less than the gravitational force F₁ of the earth on the moon.

If the mixture is thermally isolated from its surroundings, then it, loses thermal energy to the environment outside as it comes to a final temperature. The correct answer is d.

When the sample of lead is placed in the water, heat will flow from the lead to the water until they reach a common final temperature. Since the final temperature will be less than the initial temperature of the lead, heat must have flowed out of the lead into the surroundings, causing the lead to lose thermal energy to the environment outside the system.

Since the mixture is thermally isolated from its surroundings, no thermal energy is exchanged between the system (lead and water) and the environment during the process. However, heat can still flow within the system itself until thermal equilibrium is reached. Option d is correct.

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None of the options listed is a negative externality. A negative externality is an unintended consequence of an economic activity that affects a third party who is not directly involved in the activity.

If I were to choose: Businesses would not necessarily increase hiring rates.

This could be considered a negative externality because the grant funding is intended to fund job training in order to increase employment opportunities, but if businesses do not increase their hiring rates despite having a pool of trained workers, then the intended benefit of the grant may not be fully realized. This could result in a loss of resources and a missed opportunity to address unemployment in the community.

ANYTHING that's dropped near the Earth's surface and isn't affected by air resistance falls 9.8 m/s faster at any time than it did 1 second earlier.

0.5 second after it was dropped with zero speed, it's falling at

(0.5) x (9.8 m/s)  =  4.9 m/s .

It makes no difference which building it was dropped from.

By moving an 8-newton weight a distance of 5 meters in 4 seconds. you have generated 10 watts of power.

Power is defined as the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred. In this scenario, you have moved an 8-newton weight a distance of 5 meters in 4 seconds. To calculate the power generated, we can use the formula:

Power = Work / Time

The work done can be calculated using the formula:

Work = Force × Distance

In this case, the force is 8 newtons and the distance is 5 meters. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:

Work = 8 N × 5 m = 40 Joules

Now, we can calculate the power:

Power = Work / Time = 40 J / 4 s = 10 Watts

Therefore, you have generated 10 watts of power by moving the 8-newton weight a distance of 5 meters in 4 seconds.

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If the base has a side length of 10 feet and the slant height of the roof is 9.4, then the area of the roof is 159.2 square feet.

To find the area of the roof, we need to determine the area of each of the four triangular faces.

We know that the base of each triangle is 10 feet, and the slant height is 9.4 feet. To find the height of the triangle, we can use the Pythagorean theorem:

h = √(slant height^2 - base length^2/4)
h = √(9.4^2 - 10^2/4)
h = √(88.36 - 25)
h = √63.36
h = 7.96 feet

Now that we know the height of the triangle, we can find the area of each face:

Area of one face = 1/2(base x height)
Area of one face = 1/2(10 x 7.96)
Area of one face = 39.8 square feet

Since there are four faces, the total area of the roof is:

Total area = 4 x 39.8
Total area = 159.2 square feet

Therefore, the area of the roof is 159.2 square feet.

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Answer:

based on the direction of its magnetic moment and the direction of the uniform magnetic field that it is immersed in, the electron will rotate in a clockwise direction

The sea breezes occur during the day when land surfaces heats up faster than water surfaces.

The cooler air above the water is moving across the surface of the land to replace the rising heated air as it rises over the land is called sea breezes.

Sea breezes mostly occur during hot days i.e., summer time as there is unequal heating of land and water surfaces. The land surface get heat up first and during the day the land get heat up faster than water surfaces due to which there is high temperature and low pressure.

The winds always blows from the high pressure to low pressure or low temperature to high temperature i.e., from water to land surfaces durning day time and in night time it happens opposite the wind flows from land surfaces to water surfaces

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The sea breeze occurs during the daytime as the land masses heat up faster than water.

The breeze blowing towards the land from the sea is known as sea breeze.

Due to the differences in pressure, the air flows from high pressure areas over the sea to the low pressure areas on the land. In summer there is unequal heating of land and water masses. This results in the formation of sea breeze.

The winds always blows from the high pressure to low pressure or low temperature to high temperature i.e., from water to land surfaces durning day time and in night time it happens opposite the wind flows from land surfaces to water surfaces.

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The amount of work done  by the applied force is 500 J.

The amount of work done  by the applied force is equal to the product of the applied force and the displacement of the object.

Mathematically, the formula for work done by an applied force is given as;

W = F d

where;

The amount of work done  by the applied force is calculated as;

W = 50 N  x 10 m

W = 500 J

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Answer:

A)    Net force in the horizontal direction is 19.641 N

B)    Net force in the vertical direction is 20 N

Explanation:

The normal force (20 N) and the weight force (20 N) cancel out.

Next lets find the horizontal and vertical components on the right side of the diagram.

We are given the angle and the hypotenuse.

First lets find the opposite side (vertical component).

\(sin(x)\frac{O}{H}\)

\(O=Hsin(x)\)

\(O=40sin(30)\)

\(O=20\)

Now lets find the adjacent side (horizontal component).

\(cos(x)=\frac{A}{H}\)

\(A=Hcos(x)\)

\(A=40cos(30)\)

\(A=34.641\)

Now we can ignore the 40 N force.

We are left with 1 force in the vertical direction.

So the net force in the vertical direction is 20 N

We are left with 2 forces in the horizontal direction.

We have 1 force of 15 Newtons moving in the left direction.

We also another force of 34.641 Newtons moving to the right.

So the net force in the horizontal direction is 19.641 N.

To solve this refrigerated problem, we can use the thermodynamic properties of R-134a from the data. Let's denote the states as follows:

State 1: Inlet to the compressor

State 2: Outlet of the compressor, inlet to the condenser

State 3: Outlet of the condenser, inlet to the evaporator

State 4: Outlet of the evaporator, inlet to the compressor.

We are given the following information:

T1 = -34°C

p1 = 60 kPa

T2 = 42°C

p2 = 1.2 MPa

T3 = -29°C

T4 = -34°C

m_dot = 0.22 kg/s

Tcw1 = 16°C

Tcw2 = 28°C

Q_net,in = 450 W

To find the quality of the refrigerant at evaporator inlet (state 3), we can use the following formula:

h4 = hf4 + x4 * (hfg4)

where h4 is the enthalpy at state 4 (inlet to compressor), hf4 and hfg4 are the enthalpy of saturated liquid and vapor at the same temperature as state 4, respectively, and x4 is the quality of the refrigerant at state 4. Since state 4 is at -34°C, we can find the values of hf4 and hfg4 from the R-134a tables:

hf4 = 83.97 kJ/kg

hfg4 = 248.32 kJ/kg

Substituting the given values, we get:

h4 = 83.97 + x4 * 248.32

At state 3, the refrigerant is a saturated vapor, so we have:

h3 = hg3 = 285.62 kJ/kg

Next, we can use the energy balance for the evaporator to relate the enthalpies at states 3 and 4:

m_dot * (h3 - h4) = QL

where QL is the refrigeration load. Substituting the values we know, we get:

0.22 * (285.62 - (83.97 + x4 * 248.32)) = QL

Solving for x4, we get:

x4 = 0.792

Therefore, the quality of the refrigerant at evaporator inlet is 0.792.

The mass flow rate of the refrigerant is given as m_dot = 0.22 kg/s.

The net compressor power input can be found from the energy balance for the compressor:

W_net,in = m_dot * (h2 - h1)

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