Vibrio cholerae is a human pathogen that causes cholera, the shape of this species is curved rod shaped.
Cholera is a potentially fatal secretory diarrhea characterized by many, copious watery feces, frequently accompanied by vomiting, and culminating in hypovolemic shock and acidosis.
It is caused by members of the Vibrio cholerae species, which can also produce mild or inapparent infections. Other members of the species may produce localized outbreaks of milder diarrhea on occasion, although the great majority are free-living and unaffected by illness.
Vibrios are Gram-negative curved rods with a single polar flagellum that are highly motile. They can withstand alkaline medium, which kills most intestinal commensals, but they are acid sensitive. There are several free-living vibrios, some of which are potentially harmful.
Cholera is spread by the fecal-oral route. Vibrios are acid-sensitive organisms that perish in the stomach. Surviving pathogenic organisms may cling to and populate the small intestine, where the highly lethal cholera enterotoxin is released (CT, also known as "choleragen"
This toxin binds to the plasma membrane of intestinal epithelial cells, releasing an enzymatically active component that increases cyclic adenosine 51-monophosphate production (cAMP). An increase in intracellular cAMP causes massive electrolyte and water release into the intestinal lumen.
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A scientist is conducting research about all the plants and wildlife in the Mojave Desert as well as the desert’s resources, such as water and soil. The scientist is studying
Answer:
An ecosystem
Explanation:
Answer:
D. an ecosystem
Explanation:
Just took the test and got a 100% on edge2020 :)))
in the temperature effects exercise, you remove a sample of bacteria from the culture in 10 minute intervals (time intervals total) and plate with fresh sterile media, then incubate. the purpose of this procedure is to determine the
The purpose of this procedure is to determine the growth rate of the bacteria and to observe the effect of temperature on the growth rate.
By removing samples at regular intervals and observing the number of colonies that grow on fresh media plates, it is possible to calculate the growth rate of the bacteria at different temperatures. This information can be used to identify the optimal temperature range for the growth of the bacteria, as well as to determine the thermal limits for growth. Additionally, this procedure can help to identify the effects of temperature on the metabolism and physiology of the bacteria and can provide important information for industrial and medical applications.
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Read the sentence. Fill in the blank with the correct answer. Type answer in all lower-case letters.
3. The distance between the Earth and the sun is about 93 million miles. To reduce the difficulties
of dealing with the large numbers of these distances scientists have designated the distance
from the Earth to the sun as one (blank) or AU
Answer:
One astronomical unit is the approximate mean distance between the Earth and sun. It's about 93 million miles (150 million km), or 8 light-minutes. Enjoying ...
Explanation:
Image result for he distance between the Earth and the sun is about 93 million miles. To reduce the difficulties of dealing with the large numbers of these distances scientists have designated the distance from the Earth to the sun as one (blank) or AU aphelion Half a year after perihelion, Earth reaches its farthest distance from the star, which is called aphelion. At that moment, the planet is approximately 94.5 million miles (152.1 million km) from the sun. Aphelion occurs in early July. Perihelion and aphelion average out to about 93 million miles (150 million km).
During sexual reproduction, two gametes (sex cells) fuse to create a fertilized cell (zygote) with a complete set of chromosomes. What must be true about the number of chromosomes in each gamete
During sexual reproduction, two gametes (sex cells) fuse to create a fertilized cell (zygote) with a complete set of chromosomes. What must be true about the number of chromosomes in each gamete is only one set of chromosomes.
Sexual reproduction is a way of developing living things by combining genetic information from two individuals of different sexes through the process of fertilization. Fertilization occurs when an egg and sperm cell meet to produce a zygote.
Chromosomes are a group of fine threads in cells that function as carriers and stores of genetic information in living things. Gamete cells have one set of chromosomes (haploid) consisting of 23 chromosomes with the composition of sperm cells 22 A + X or 22 A + Y and ovum cells: 22 A + X
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Which term refers to the process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce?
Answer: I would say adaptation unless you have multiple choices
What type of heat transfer takes place when a furnace heats up an entire room? Radiation, because the element of the heater comes in contact with air in the room Convection, because energy is carried by waves and not matter Radiation, because heat travels in a cyclical manner Convection, because air currents are formed
radiation i got the same question lol ye
Answer:
radiation
Explanation:
Is Ophelia pregnant in Hamlet?.
People can stage Hamlet like that, but there is no indication in the script that Ophelia is pregnant. The best evidence that she is pregnant with Hamlet is the song she sings at the end.
Had Hamlet's Ophelia a sex?To her father and her brothers, Ophelia had not sex and a vessel of morality destined to be a faithful wife and faithful mother. To Hamlet, she is a sexual object, a depraved deception lover
Who should Ophelia marry?She was a young noblewoman from Denmark, the daughter of Polonius, the sister of Laertes, and a potential wife of Prince Hamlet, whose actions plunged her into a state of insanity and eventually drowned. It arrives. Along with Queen Gertrude, Ophelia is one of the two female characters in the original play.
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fill in the blank question. is the position of the piston when it forms the smallest volume in the cylinder.
Answer:
Top Dead Center (TDC)
Explanation:
Top Dead Center is the position of the piston when it forms the smallest volume in the cylinder.
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(GIVING BRAINLIEST!!)
Which sentence correctly explains the process and conditions needed for sleet to form?
A) During thunderstorms and extremely cold temperatures, water droplets freeze in layers and form balls or chunks of ice.
B) Both the temperature of the cloud and the temperature of the air must be below freezing in order for the flakes to fall from the sky.
C) A liquid form of precipitation that is formed in above freezing temperatures becomes heavier as it falls the ground in the form of raindrops.
D) Ice crystals melt as they fall through a warm layer of air and then refreeze into small ice pellets as they pass through a colder layer of air.
Explain Why.
Answer:
Im pretty sure the answer is A
Explanation:
Brainliest Plz
Ice crystals melt as they fall through a warm layer of air and then refreeze into small ice pellets as they pass through a colder layer of air. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
What is sleet?Sleet is a form of precipitation that consists of small, translucent ice pellets that form from melted snowflakes.
This sentence accurately describes the process of sleet formation, which requires two distinct layers of temperature in the atmosphere. Sleet forms when snowflakes pass through a layer of warm air and melt into raindrops, and then fall through a layer of colder air and refreeze into small, translucent ice pellets.
This process distinguishes sleet from other forms of precipitation, such as rain or snow. Therefore, option D provides a clear and concise explanation of the conditions and process necessary for sleet to form, making it the correct sentence in the given options.
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Unlike DNA, which typically forms a helical structure, different molecules of RNA can fold into a variety of three-dimensional shapes.This is largely because RNA A)contains uracil and uses ribose as the sugar. B)bases cannot form hydrogen bonds with each other. C)nucleotides use a different chemical linkage between nucleotides compared to DNA. D)is single-stranded. Multiple Choice
Answer: This is largely because RNA is single-stranded. The correct option is D.
Explanation:
RNA ( Ribonucleic acid) is a single stranded nucleic acid which is composed of:
--> A nitrogenous base: RNA consists of four nitrogenous bases which includes adenine, cytosine, uracil, and guanine. Uracil is a pyrimidine that is structurally similar to the thymine, another pyrimidine that is found in DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid).
--> A five-carbon sugar: it contains ribose as its pentose sugar and
--> A phosphate group.
The main function of RNA is to convert the information stored in DNA into proteins.
RNA strand can undergo significant intramolecular base pairing to take on a three-dimensional structure. This is because it is single-stranded. This is due to the presence of a hydroxyl group at the 2' position of the ribose sugar. The presence of this functional group causes the helix to adopt the A-form geometry rather than the B-form most commonly observed in DNA.
who gave the concept of vaccine and immunization?
When Mendel crossed two purple-flowered pea plants with each other, he obtained a phenotypic ratio of 3:1 (purple-flowered pea plants to white-flowered pea plants). His results are consistent with which of the following sets of parents? Multiple Choice homozygous dominant purple pea plant and homozygous recessive white pea plant heterozygous purple
. When Mendel crossed two purple-flowered pea plants with each other, he obtained a phenotypic ratio of 3:1 (purple-flowered pea plants to white-flowered pea plants). His results are consistent with which of the following sets of parents?
Multiple Choice
homozygous dominant purple pea plant and homozygous recessive white pea plant
heterozygous purple pea plant and homozygous recessive white pea plant
heterozygous purple pea plant and heterozygous purple pea plant
heterozygous purple pea plant and homozygous dominant purple pea plant
homozygous dominant purple pea plant and heterozygous white pea plant
.
If the two alleles for a particular gene are identical the gene pair is
Multiple Choice
heterozygous.
homologous.
dominant.
homozygous.
recessive.
Can anybody Help me find an analogy for how Chromosomes, genes, DNA can be related! ( take note that I can’t do the book one cuz my teacher already did it )
Name the layer in the atmosphere where temperatures can reach over 1,000 °C?
Answer:
the Thermosphere
Explanation The uppermost atmosphere is called the Thermosphere (therm-os-feer). Here, the temperature again increases with altitude. This is because atoms of nitrogen and oxygen absorb high-energy solar radiation and give off thermal energy... this causes the temperature to increase up to 1,000 degrees Celsius.
the american kestrel is a small falcon that is occasionally taken as prey by larger birds. it has two large spots on the back of its head that somewhat resemble large eyes. this is an example of:
Answer:
The presence of large spots on the back of the head of the American Kestrel that resemble large eyes is an example of mimicry, specifically Batesian mimicry.
Batesian mimicry is a type of mimicry in which a harmless or less harmful species (the mimic) has evolved to look like a harmful or dangerous species (the model). The mimic benefits by being mistaken for the model, and thus avoids being attacked by predators. In this case, the American Kestrel may benefit from looking like a larger bird with large eyes, potentially deterring predators from attacking it.
It's worth noting that the American Kestrel may not be intentionally evolving to look like a larger bird with large eyes - this could be a coincidence of its natural appearance. Nonetheless, it is still an example of Batesian mimicry.
What I want to know: Why is it phrased "23O2, 16O2," etc.
This involves chemical formulas.
Also, if someone could help with the other question I would appreciate it. I don't understand what it is asking of me. :)
The difference between the macromolecules consumed by Americans and the elemental composition of human body is that these macromolecules provides energy, support and help speed up reactions in them while the elemental composition of human body are used to build proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids to perform their respective functions.
How macromolecules provide support.Macromolecules helps to give structural support to the body system through the proteins in our diet by consumption. They do this by acting either as hormones or carriers to aid metabolic activities.
From the task above, we can see that about 78% of carbon in American bodies are from the consumption of corn. Whereas in France, the percentage of carbon which is found in their body system is not upto 78% but 15%.
It has also been proven practically that the food substances consumed by Americans contains majorly of carbohydrates. Lipids and proteins is in low amounts or quantities, roughly almost the same amount.
Macromolecules such as glucose combines with oxygen to produce water, carbon dioxide and ATP in the reaction below:
C6H12O₂ + 6O₂ + 36 ADP+ 36 Pi → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP
The pi above means the phosphate group and ADP means adenosine diphosphate.
So therefore, we can deduce that macromolecules are of great importance in the diet system of the Americans as it provides structural support to them.
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UR HELP IS VERY MUCH NEEDED I WAS VERY CONFUSED ON THIS.
Match the following terms and definitions.
1. the smallest unit of an element
shell
2. the path surrounding the nucleus of an atom in which electrons are normally located
compound
3. the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom
neutron
4. a pure substance where atoms of two or more elements are chemically bonded to one another
diatomic
5. the positively charged center of an atom
atomic number
6. exists in orbit around the nucleus of an atom and carries a negative charge
molecule
7. the smallest unit of a pure substance that consists of two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond
atom
8. the mass of an element
atomic mass
9. a subatomic particle that carries no charge
nucleus
10. containing two atoms
proton
11. a subatomic particle with a positive charge
electron
shell
compound
neutron
diatomic
atomic number
molecule
atom
atomic mass
nucleus
proton
electron
Answer:
1. Atom
2. shell
3. Atomic number
4. compounds
5. Nucleus
6. Electron
7. Molecule
8. Atomic mass
9. Neutron
10. Diatomic
11. Proton
as soils dry, or in saline environments, plant roots will commonly adjust their root water potential through metabolic manipuation of
As soils dry or become more saline, plant roots face a challenge in maintaining their water balance. To counteract this, plants will often adjust their root water potential through metabolic manipulation.
One way they do this is by altering the concentration of solutes within their roots. By increasing the concentration of solutes, plants can create a gradient that draws water into the root cells, helping to maintain their hydration. Another strategy is to produce compounds such as proline or trehalose that act as osmoprotectants, protecting the cells from damage caused by dehydration or high salt levels. In addition, plants can adjust the activity of aquaporins, which are specialized channels that allow water to flow in and out of cells. By regulating the activity of these channels, plants can control the movement of water within their roots and throughout the rest of the plant. Overall, these metabolic adjustments allow plants to adapt to a variety of challenging environments, ensuring their survival even in adverse conditions.
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Bound hormones can readily leave a blood capillary and get to a target cell.
a. true
b. false
The statement "Bound hormones cannot readily leave a blood capillary and get to a target cell" is False.
When hormones are bound to a protein, they cannot cross a cell membrane and do not bind to their receptor, resulting in the hormone being inactive.
Hormones are molecules produced by endocrine glands, and they are involved in regulating and coordinating various physiological processes in the body.
They travel throughout the bloodstream and interact with cells in distant parts of the body via specific receptors on target cells.When hormones are in their unbound form, also known as free hormones, they are active and can readily leave a blood capillary and bind to receptors on a target cell.
Bound hormones are transported through the bloodstream attached to specific transport proteins, which help protect them from being broken down or excreted from the body. When the bound hormone reaches its target cell, it must first detach from the transport protein to become active and bind to the receptor.
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the periodic table houses nobel gas elements in group 18. These elements are highly stable and rarely react with any other elements. What is one possible reason for the stability of the noble gas elements?
Answer:
BECAUSE THEY DO NOT HAVE CHARGE
Scientific Process , Describe its importance
Answer:
The scientific method attempts to minimize the influence of bias or prejudice in the experimenter. Even the best-intentioned scientists can't escape bias. It results from personal beliefs, as well as cultural beliefs, which means any human filters information based on his or her own experience. Unfortunately, this filtering process can cause a scientist to prefer one outcome over another. For someone trying to solve a problem around the house, succumbing to these kinds of biases is not such a big deal. But in the scientific community, where results have to be reviewed and duplicated, bias must be avoided at all costs.
That's the job of the scientific method. It provides an objective, standardized approach to conducting experiments and, in doing so, improves their results. By using a standardized approach in their investigations, scientists can feel confident that they will stick to the facts and limit the influence of personal, preconceived notions. Even with such a rigorous methodology in place, some scientists still make mistakes. For example, they can mistake a hypothesis for an explanation of a phenomenon without performing experiments. Or they can fail to accurately account for errors, such as measurement errors. Or they can ignore data that does not support the hypothesis.
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Write down a differential equation describing the situation. If possible, give an initial value. 5.1 There are 100 rats in your lab. One rat is injected with a virus. The rate of infection is proportional to the difference between the maximum population and the number of infected rats. Let P be the population in millions. 5.2 Let W=f(t) be the percentage of population advocating war at time t days. The rate at which the percentage is changing is proportional to the product of the percentage of the population advocating war and the percentage of the population not advocating war.
5.1) The differential equation representing the situation is:
\(\frac{dP}{dt} = k(M - P)\)
5.2) The differential equation representing the situation is:
\(\frac{dW}{dt} = kW(1 - W)\)
5.1 Differential Equation:Let P(t) be the population of infected rats at time t in millions.
The rate of infection is proportional to the difference between the maximum population and the number of infected rats. Let M be the maximum population in millions.
The differential equation representing the situation is:
\(\frac{dP}{dt} = k(M - P)\)
Initial Value:
At t = 0, P = 1 (since one rat is initially infected)
5.2 Differential Equation:Let W(t) be the percentage of the population advocating war at time t.
The rate at which the percentage is changing is proportional to the product of the percentage of the population advocating war and the percentage of the population not advocating war.
The differential equation representing the situation is:
\(\frac{dW}{dt} = kW(1 - W)\)
Note: The equation assumes that the population advocating war and not advocating war sums up to 100% (i.e., W + (1 - W) = 1).
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The most powerful fmri tests suggest that the language areas of the cortex are:
The most powerful fmri tests suggest that the language areas of the cortex are patchy, widespread, and variable.
What is a cortex?It should be noted that a cortex is the outer or the superficial part of an organ.
In this case, the most powerful fmri tests suggest that the language areas of the cortex are patchy, widespread, and variable.
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Can someone please put this in there own words?
Thank you.
For example, plasma membrane proteins carry out functions as diverse as ferrying nutrients across the plasma membrane, receiving chemical signals from outside the cell, translating chemical signals into intracellular action, and sometimes anchoring the cell in a particular location.
Answer:
All cells have plasma membranes. Can molecules enter and leave the cell? Yes. The plasma membrane (also called the cell membrane), is a lipid barrier where molecule organelles live. The golgi ( a cell organelle) helps move the proteins across the plasma membarane. Proteins cannot move through the plasma membrane barrier by themselves because they are not small enough like water.
Explanation:
Hope this helps. :) P.S. Can I be marked brainliest . . . ? :)
kyle has a cancer of the lymph nodes or glands. what type of cancer does kyle have?
How do volcanoes function as a disruptive force
Answer:
A. force people to flee their homes
C. pollute the air with volcanic smoke
E. make airplanes fly around ash clouds
Explanation:
E2021
Answer:
A- force people to flee their homes
C- pollute the air with volcanic smoke
E- cause flight cancellations or delays
Explanation:
got it right on edge :)
The brain's ability to change throughout the life span through the addition of new neurons, new interconnections between neurons, and the reorganization of information-processing areas is termed?
Neuroplasticity, also known as brain plasticity, is the brain's ability to change and adapt throughout a person's life. It is the brain's capacity to modify its structure and function to respond to internal and external changes. Neuroplasticity can be induced by several factors including learning, experience, injury, and disease.
The concept of neuroplasticity proposes that the brain has the ability to change its structure and function in response to the demands placed on it, which is a relatively new concept in neuroscience. Until recently, it was believed that the adult brain was relatively fixed in its structure and function. However, advances in neuroscience have shown that the brain is capable of changing its structure and function in response to various stimuli. The idea of neuroplasticity has led to the development of new interventions for enhancing brain function, such as cognitive training, brain stimulation, and pharmacological agents. These interventions aim to harness the brain's capacity to change in order to enhance learning, recovery from injury, and treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Understanding neuroplasticity is important for the development of new interventions to enhance brain function and treat brain disorders.
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difference between hormones and enzymes
1. Enzyme act at the same place as origin while hormones travel from one place to another via blood.
2. Enzymes are biological catalyst while hormones are not.
.3 All enzymes are protein in nature while hormones can be polypeptides, steroids, terpenoid or amines.
4. Enzymes can be reused in a chemical reaction while hormones cannot.
Answer: One of the major differences between enzymes and hormones is that enzymes act as a catalyst for a reaction and hormones act as messengers that trigger various functions in the body.
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Along which type of front is the weather the calmest?
Answer:
Another type of front that can be found on a weather map is stationary in nature. In a front of this kind, neither the cold air mass nor the warm air
Explanation:
The weather is calmest in a warm front. hope this helps!! plz mark brainliest?
Geneticists refer to how a trait appears, or is expressed, as the trait's___.
Answer:
phenotypeExplanation:
The observable traits expressed by an organism are referred to as its phenotype. An organism's underlying genetic makeup, consisting of both physically visible and non-expressed alleles, is called its genotype. Mendel's hybridization experiments demonstrate the difference between phenotype and genotype.