Variation of Temperature
Step 2: Measure the Reaction Rate at ≈ 20°C (Room Temperature)
Step 3: Measure the Reaction Rate at ≈ 40°C
Step 4: Repeat Step 2, heating the water to Measure the Reaction Rate at ≈ 65°C
Step 5: Measure the Reaction Rate at ≈ 5°C

Variation of Particle Size
Step 6: Measure the Reaction Rate for a Full Tablet
Step 7: Measure the Reaction Rate for a Partially Broken Tablet
Step 8: Measure the Reaction Rate for a Crushed Tablet

Answer:

D

Explanation:

Solvent is the material that is dissolving another material​. Thus, option D is correct.

A solvent is a substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution. The substance that is being dissolved is called the solute, and the substance that is doing the dissolving is called the solvent. The solute is usually present in a smaller amount than the solvent, and it is the solvent that determines the physical properties of the solution, such as its density, viscosity, and boiling point.

For example, when salt is dissolved in water, the salt is the solute and the water is the solvent. The water molecules surround the salt molecules and break them apart, so that the salt ions are free to move around in the solution. The solution is then a homogeneous mixture of salt ions and water molecules.

Thus, option D is correct.

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To find the volume of gaseous products formed in the given reaction, we have to balance the chemical equation and then use the balanced chemical equation to solve the question.

The balanced chemical equation of the given reaction is as follows:

CO (g) + H2O (l) → CO2 (g) + H2 (g)

Now, we need to determine the mole ratios of reactants and products:

1 mole of CO reacts with 1 mole of H2O to produce 1 mole of CO2 and 1 mole of H2.

As given, we have 119 liters of CO, we need to calculate the amount of H2O required to react with 119 liters of CO:

1 mole of CO occupies 22.4 L at STP.

Therefore, 119 L of CO contains 119/22.4 = 5.31 moles of CO.

From the balanced chemical equation, we can see that 1 mole of CO reacts with 1 mole of H2O.

Therefore, 5.31 moles of CO will react with 5.31 moles of H2O.

So, the volume of H2O required to react with 119 L of CO can be calculated as follows:

5.31 moles of H2O occupy 5.31 × 18 L = 95.58 L

Now, we have the volume of H2O required to react with 119 L of CO.

We know that, at the same temperature and pressure, the volume of the gaseous product is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gaseous product.

So, the volume of gaseous products formed in the given reaction can be calculated as follows:

1 mole of CO2 occupies 22.4 L at STP.

Therefore, 5.31 moles of CO2 will occupy 5.31 × 22.4 L = 119.2 L

1 mole of H2 occupies 22.4 L at STP.

Therefore, 5.31 moles of H2 will occupy 5.31 × 22.4 L = 119.2 L

Therefore, the total volume of gaseous products formed in the given reaction is 119.2 L. Answer: 119.2

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The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between aqueous sodium hydroxide and lead(II) nitrate is: 2NaOH(aq) + Pb(NO₃ )₂(aq) → Pb(OH)₂(s) + 2NaNO₃ (aq)

When additional aqueous hydroxide is added, the precipitate redissolves, forming the soluble complex ion [Pb(OH)₄]₂-(aq).

What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide and lead(II) nitrate, and what happens when additional hydroxide is added?

When aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added to a solution containing lead(II) nitrate (Pb(NO₃)₂), a double displacement reaction occurs.

The sodium ions (Na+) from NaOH exchange places with the lead(II) ions (Pb2+) from Pb(NO₃)₂, forming insoluble lead(II) hydroxide (Pb(OH)2) as a solid precipitate. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: 2NaOH(aq) + Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) → Pb(OH)₂(s) + 2NaNO₃(aq).

However, when additional aqueous hydroxide is added, the precipitate of Pb(OH)₂ redissolves. This is because excess hydroxide ions react with the lead(II) hydroxide to form a soluble complex ion called [Pb(OH)₄]₂-(aq).

The balanced equation for this dissolution reaction is not necessary for the given question, but it can be represented as: Pb(OH)₂(s) + 4OH-(aq) → [Pb(OH)₄]₂-(aq).

The redissolution of the precipitate occurs due to the formation of a complex ion that has a higher solubility than the original solid. The complex ion [Pb(OH)₄]₂-(aq) is stabilized by the presence of excess hydroxide ions, which coordinate with the lead(II) ion and increase its solubility in water.

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Answer:

15moles

Explanation:

Given parameters:

Mass of H₂SO₄   = 1469g

Unknown:

Number of moles  = ?

Solution:

To solve this problem, let us first find the molar mass of the given compound;

  molar mass = 2(1) + 32 + 4(16)  = 98g/mol

So;

 Number of moles = \(\frac{mass}{molar mass}\)    = \(\frac{1469}{98}\)  

 Number of moles  = 15moles

The other is the placement of hydrophobic amino acid residues within the interior of the protein.

What are hydrophobic amino acid?

Amino acid hydrophobicity is often defined by its partitioning between two liquid phases and this property can be important in downstream processing.

Amino acids are grouped according to what their side chains are like.

Glycine (Gly), alanine (Ala), valine (Val), leucine (Leu), isoleucine (Ile), proline (Pro), phenylalanine (Phe), methionine (Met), and tryptophan (Trp) have hydrophobic side chains.

These side chains are composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen, have very small dipole moments, and tend to be repelled from water.

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Answer:

The final pressure of the gas is 5 liters.

Explanation:

Let suppose that gas experiments an isothermal process and is an ideal gas. Hence, volume is inversely proportional to pressure, that is:

\(P_{1}\cdot V_{1} = P_{2}\cdot V_{2}\) (1)

\(P_{1}, P_{2}\) - Initial and final pressure, in atmospheres.

\(V_{1}, V_{2}\) - Initial and final volume, in liters.

If we know that \(P_{1} = 3.50\,atm\), \(V_{1} = 2.5\,L\) and \(P_{2} = 1.75\,atm\), then the final volume of the gas is:

\(V_{2} = \frac{P_{1}}{P_{2}}\cdot V_{1}\)

\(V_{2} = 5\,L\)

The final pressure of the gas is 5 liters.

To accurately classify the changes in the PhET simulation's effect on the wavelength, a description of the available changes and their respective bins is necessary In general, changes that can affect the wavelength in a wave simulation include adjusting the frequency, amplitude, speed, or medium properties.

Each of these changes can have a specific effect on the wavelength of the wave. For example, increasing the frequency generally results in a shorter wavelength, while decreasing the frequency leads to a longer wavelength. Similarly, altering the amplitude may not directly affect the wavelength but can impact the intensity or energy of the wave.

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Answer:

.6 M

Explanation:

.45 moles / .750 liters = .6 M

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

The reaction to be considered is shown below;

H2CO3<------->CO2 + H2O

We know  that when a constraint such as a sudden change in concentration, pressure or temperature is imposed on  a reaction system in equilibrium, the system has to adjust itself by shifting in a particular direction in order to cancel the constraint.

Now, if we remove CO2, the equilibrium position must shift to the right by the decomposition of more H2CO3 to establish equilibrium again.

The pH of the solution is 4.76, which means it is slightly acidic. The pH of the solution containing 0.1M acetic acid and 0.1M sodium acetate can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, which is pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA]).

In this case, the acetic acid is the weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base, sodium acetate, is the weak base (A-). Therefore, pKa = 4.76, [A-] = 0.1 M, and [HA] = 0.1 M. Substituting these values into the equation, we get pH = 4.76 + log(0.1/0.1) = 4.76 + 0 = 4.76.

In this case, pKa = 4.76, [A-] represents the concentration of sodium acetate (0.1M), and [HA] represents the concentration of acetic acid (0.1M). Substituting these values, we have pH = 4.76 + log(0.1/0.1). Since log(1) = 0, the pH = 4.76 + 0.

Therefore, the pH of the solution is 4.76.

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4.78 × 10²² formula units of Ca(NO₃)₂ contain 79.5 millimoles of Ca(NO₃)₂.

To find out how many millimoles of Ca(NO₃)₂ contain 4.78 × 10²² formula units of Ca(NO₃)₂, we must first understand that a mole is a unit that measures the amount of a substance.

A mole is equal to the number of particles in 12 grams of carbon-12.

The number of particles in one mole is 6.02 × 10²³, which is known as Avogadro's number.

So, in order to calculate the millimoles of Ca(NO₃)₂ from the given number of formula units, we need to follow these steps:

1. Find the molar mass of Ca(NO₃)₂.

Calculation of molar mass:

Molar mass of Ca(NO₃)₂ = (40.08 g/mol) + (2 × 14.01 g/mol) + (6 × 16.00 g/mol)

= 164.09 g/mol

2. Calculate the number of moles using the formula below:

Number of moles = Number of formula units ÷ Avogadro's numberNumber of moles

= 4.78 × 1022 ÷ 6.02 × 10²³

= 0.0795 moles

3. Calculate the millimoles using the formula below:

Millimoles = Number of moles × 1000Millimoles

= 0.0795 moles × 1000

= 79.5 millimoles

Therefore, 4.78 × 10²² formula units of Ca(NO₃)₂ contain 79.5 millimoles of Ca(NO₃)₂.

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Answer:

Freezing point of solution = -2.740C

Explanation:

The solution is attached herewith

The normal freezing point of an aqueous solution of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ is -1.26°C

The freezing point depression can be calculated using the formula:

ΔTf = i* Kf*m ; where

The molality of the aqueous solution of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ is first determined using the formula:

The mass of water is unknown but is determined from the mass of the solute and solution from the formula:

mass of solute = number of moles * molar mass

moles of solute in 1 L solution = 0.7439 moles

molar mass of solute, C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 342.0 g/mol

mass of solute = 0.7439 moles * 342.0 g

mass of solute = 254.41 g

mass of solution = density * volume

volume of solution = 1 L = 1000 mL

mass of solution = 1.35g/ml * 1000 mL

mass of solution = 1350 g

Therefore, mass of solvent (water) = 1350 g - 254.41 g

mass of solvent (water) = 1095.59 g

mass of solvent (water) in kg = 1095.59 g * 1 kg/ 1000 g

mass of solvent (water) in kg = 1.0956Kg

Thus, molality of solution = 0.7439 moles / 1.0956 Kg

molality of solution = 0.679 mol/kg

The freezing point depression, ΔTf, is then determined using the formula: ΔTf = i* Kf*m

Since C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ is a non-electrolyte; i for C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 1

Kf of water = 1.86 kg/mole

m = 0.679 mol/kg

ΔTf = 1 * 1.86 * 0.679

ΔTf = 1.26 °C

Therefore, freezing point depression, ΔTf = 1.26 °C

normal freezing point of solution = freezing point of water - freezing point depression

normal freezing point of solution = 0.0°C - 1.26°C

normal freezing point of solution = -1.26°C

Therefore, the normal freezing point of an aqueous solution of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ is -1.26°C

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Answer:

it was stable because of it was in Potential energy and unstable because it was in kinetic energy or vice Versa. im somehow confused

Answer:

4, 3, 1, 12

It balances now

Answer:

2 b

3d

4c

5c

Explanation:

please give brainlest

What is the percent by mass of calcium in calcium carbonate, CaCO3? (Molar mass of CaCO3 = 100.09 g/mol)

Answer: 40.04 percent

The percent by mass of calcium in calcium carbonate (\(CaCO_{3}\)) is approximately 40.04%.

To calculate the percent by mass of calcium in calcium carbonate (\(CaCO_{3}\)), we need to determine the molar mass of calcium (Ca) and the molar mass of calcium carbonate (\(CaCO_{3}\)), and then use the following formula:

Percent by mass of calcium = (Molar mass of calcium / Molar mass of calcium carbonate) x 100

Given:

Molar mass of \(CaCO_{3}\) = 100.09 g/mol

Now, let's calculate the molar mass of calcium (Ca):

The molar mass of calcium (Ca) is 40.08 g/mol.

Plugging in the values into the formula, we get:

Percent by mass of calcium = (40.08 g/mol / 100.09 g/mol) x 100

                         = 0.4004 x 100

                         = 40.04%

Therefore, the percent by mass of calcium in calcium carbonate (\(CaCO_{3}\)) is approximately 40.04%.

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The covalent radius of atom X in an XY molecule with a bond length of 212 and covalent radius of Y atom being 93 is 119.

To find the covalent radius of atom X, we need to understand that the bond length of an XY molecule is equal to the sum of the covalent radii of atoms X and Y. We can represent this relationship using the formula: bond length = covalent radius of X + covalent radius of Y.

Given that the bond length of the XY molecule is 212, and the covalent radius of Y is 93, we can use the formula to find the covalent radius of X:

212 = covalent radius of X + 93

To find the covalent radius of X, we can simply subtract the covalent radius of Y from the bond length:

covalent radius of X = 212 - 93

covalent radius of X = 119

So, the covalent radius of atom X is 119.

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The final concentration of K+ ions is (0.050 M)(20 mL/100 mL) = 0.010 M, and the final concentration of ClO4- ions is (0.50 M)(80 mL/100 mL) = 0.40 M.

To determine if KClO4 will precipitate, we need to calculate the ion product (Q) and compare it to the solubility product (Ksp). The balanced equation for the dissociation of KClO4 is:

KClO4(s) ⇌ K+(aq) + ClO4-(aq)

Since we are mixing two solutions, we need to calculate the concentrations of K+ and ClO4- ions separately.

For the 0.050 M KCl solution, the concentration of K+ ions is 0.050 M.

For the 0.50 M NaClO4 solution, the concentration of ClO4- ions is 0.50 M.

When the solutions are mixed, the final volume is 100 mL (20 mL + 80 mL). Thus, the final concentration of K+ ions is (0.050 M)(20 mL/100 mL) = 0.010 M, and the final concentration of ClO4- ions is (0.50 M)(80 mL/100 mL) = 0.40 M.

The ion product (Q) for KClO4 is [K+][ClO4-] = (0.010 M)(0.40 M) = 0.004. Since Q < Ksp (0.004 < 0.012), KClO4 will not precipitate under these conditions.
KClO4 will not precipitate in this scenario. When 20 mL of a 0.050-M solution of KCl is mixed with 80 mL of a 0.50-M solution of NaClO4, the concentrations of K+ and ClO4- ions can be calculated. For K+, the concentration is (20 mL x 0.050 M) / (20 mL + 80 mL) = 0.010 M. For ClO4-, the concentration is (80 mL x 0.50 M) / (20 mL + 80 mL) = 0.40 M. The ion product (Q) is then calculated as Q = [K+] [ClO4-] = (0.010 M)(0.40 M) = 0.004 M^2. Since Q (0.004) is less than Ksp (1.2 x 10^-2) for KClO4, no precipitation occurs in this case.

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Answer:

Explanation:

because seems it has a chemical that can remove fire they added it on a fire extinguisher

Answer:

Explanation:

why is baking soda used as acid fire extinguisher? Carbon dioxide gas is neither combustible nor helps combustion. It is heavier than air and cuts off the supply of oxygen from air and hence extinguishes the fire. … Hence, sodium bicarbonate is used in fire extinguishers.

Option B) n=4 to n=2 and C) n=2 to n=1  would emit a photon of light with the greatest energy.

The energy of a photon emitted during a hydrogen atom transition is determined by the difference in energy between the initial and final energy levels. This can be calculated using the equation:

ΔE = -13.6 eV * (1/n_f^2 - 1/n_i^2)

Where ΔE is the energy difference in electron volts (eV), and n_f and n_i are the final and initial energy levels, respectively.

Considering the given options, we can calculate the energy differences:

A) ΔE = -13.6 eV * (1/3^2 - 1/5^2) = -13.6 eV * (1/9 - 1/25) = 1.51 eV

B) ΔE = -13.6 eV * (1/2^2 - 1/4^2) = -13.6 eV * (1/4 - 1/16) = 10.2 eV

C) ΔE = -13.6 eV * (1/1^2 - 1/2^2) = -13.6 eV * (1 - 1/4) = 10.2 eV

D) ΔE = -13.6 eV * (1/4^2 - 1/5^2) = -13.6 eV * (1/16 - 1/25) = 0.858 eV

E) ΔE = -13.6 eV * (1/3^2 - 1/6^2) = -13.6 eV * (1/9 - 1/36) = 2.27 eV

Comparing the energy differences, we can see that option C) n=2 to n=1 and option B) n=4 to n=2 have the greatest energy differences. Therefore, these two transitions would emit photons of light with the greatest energy.
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The total pressure in the container after the three gases are mixed is 6 atm and the partial pressure of He is 1 atm.

According to Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure , the pressure exerted by a mixture of gas is equal to the sum of the partial pressure of the gases in the mixture.

P(total) = p₁ +p₂+p₃+.....

As the volume of the containers are same and the

n = 1*5/RT for Helium

n = 2*5 /RT for Neon

n= 3*5/RT for Argon

Mole fraction = moles of the element/Total moles

Moles fraction of Helium is

\(\rm \dfrac{1*5}{1*5+2*5+3*5}\)

= 1/6

Total Pressure in the container = 1 + 2 +3 = 6 atm

The partial pressure of Helium will be

=Mole fraction * Total pressure

=(1/6)*6 atm

= 1 atm , as the volume is same the temperature is same , the pressure will also be same.

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Gold will have the highest final temperature because it has the lowest specific heat.

The lower the specific heat, the less heat that is needed to change the temperature. So, the heat will have cause the greatest temperature change for gold, since it has the smallest specific heat. The temperature change for platinum will be close to that of gold since their specific heats are so similar.

The chemical element gold has the atomic number 79 and the symbol Au (derived from the Latin aurum). As a result, it is among the naturally occurring elements with a higher atomic number. In its purest form, it is a bright, somewhat orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile metal. Gold is a transition metal and a group 11 element in terms of chemistry. One of the least reactive chemical elements, it is solid under normal circumstances.

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The number of molecules in 10.0 gram of NaOH is 15 * 10²².

To solve this question, we need to understand some terms of mole concept,

Mole - It is the amount of substance containing same number of molecules or atoms as there are atoms in 12 gram of carbon-12 isotope.

Molecules - It is group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound taking part in chemical reaction.

Molecular weight - The sum of atomic masses of all atoms in molecules.

Avogadro number - It is the number of atoms, ions, electrons, molecules in one mole of substance. It is represented as NA.

NA = 6.0 * 10²³ (approx)

To calculate the number of molecules, we apply the formulae,

no. of molecules = moles * NA

moles = weight / molecular weight

moles = 10.0 / 40

          = 0.25

Substituting this value to calculate number of molecules,

no. of molecules = 0.25 * 6.0 * 10²³

                            = 15 * 10²²

Therefore the number of molecules of in 10.0 g of NaOH is 15 * 10²².

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Certain radioactive nuclides undergo one-step nuclear decay to become stable nuclei. For instance, 60Co, which is unstable, immediately decays to 60Ni, which would be stable.

The parent atom's mass number is decreased by 4, and its atomic number is decreased by 2. Organization considers, 22286Rn 42He+21884Po 866 222 R ng 2 4 H e + 84 218 P o is the nuclear equation explaining the alpha degradation of 22286Rn 1986 222 R n.

The nucleus loses h+ ions during alpha decay. The nucleus either acquires or loses a proton during beta decay. There is no proton change in gamma decay.

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Answer:

Isotopes

Explanation:

An isotope are the atoms of an element with similar chemical identity and number of protons but different atomic masses. This means that isotopes of an element differ from one another by their number of NEUTRONS.

For example, the uranium element possesses isotopes as follows: Uranium-235 and uranium-238. This two isotopes have the same chemical identity and number of protons/atomic no., which is 92. However, the atomic masses (235 and 238) are different.

Answer:

Isotopes

Explanation:

Answer:

The answer I believe is B. Erosion

Explanation:

Just sounds better than all the other choices.

Answer:

erosion b

Explanation:

it breaks down the rocks i remembered this in 4th grade :)

The greenhouse effect refers to the natural process by which certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat from the sun, leading to an increase in the temperature of the planet. The primary greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and water vapor.

These gases allow sunlight to pass through the atmosphere but absorb and re-emit infrared radiation, trapping heat close to the Earth's surface. The greenhouse effect is essential for sustaining life on Earth, as it helps to maintain a habitable temperature range. Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth would be much colder, making it inhospitable for most forms of life.  This enhanced greenhouse effect, often referred to as anthropogenic global warming, is a problem because it is causing an accelerated increase in the Earth's temperature, leading to climate change.

The consequences of climate change include rising global temperatures, melting ice caps and glaciers, sea-level rise, more frequent and severe extreme weather events, disruption of ecosystems, and impacts on human health and economies. Therefore, while the natural greenhouse effect is necessary, the amplified greenhouse effect caused by human activities is a significant environmental challenge that requires mitigation and adaptation measures to minimize its negative impacts.

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Answer:

google friend tell me

Explanation:

You will have to look up the isotopic distribution of lithium nuclei. ALL lithium nuclei have 3 positively charged nuclear particles, protons, i.e. Z = 3 . These 3 particles give rise to the element's identity. If you take the weighted average of ALL lithium nuclei, we get an average mass of 6.941 g⋅mol−1

Answer:

heat

Explanation:

most of the gasoline's energy is released as heat energy rather than kinetic energy on the pistons. this is why a car engine must constantly be cooled by the water to air heat exchanger we call a radiator