Answers
Answer:
The energy of each transition is approximately \(1.98\times 10^{-19}\; \rm J\).
The frequency of photons released in such transitions is approximately \(3.00\times 10^{14}\; \rm Hz\).
Explanation:
The Rydberg Equation gives the wavelength (in vacuum) of photons released when the electron of a hydrogen atom transitions from one main energy level to a lower one.
Let \(\lambda_\text{vac}\) denote the wavelength of the photon released when measured in vacuum.Let \(R_\text{H}\) denote the Rydberg constant for hydrogen. \(R_\text{H} \approx 1.09678 \times 10^{7}\; \rm m^{-1}\).Let \(n_1\) and \(n_2\) denote the principal quantum number of the initial and final main energy level of that electron. (Both \(n_1\!\) and \(n_2\!\) should be positive integers; \(n_1 > n_2\).)The Rydberg Equation gives the following relation:
\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{\lambda_\text{vac}} = R_\text{H} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{{n_2}^2}} -\frac{1}{{n_1}^2}\right)\).
Rearrange to obtain and expression for \(\lambda_\text{vac}\):
\(\displaystyle \lambda_\text{vac} = \frac{1}{\displaystyle R_\text{H}\cdot \left(\frac{1}{{n_2}^2} - \frac{1}{{n_1}^2}\right)}\).
In this question, \(n_1 = 7\) while \(n_2 = 3\). Therefore:
\(\begin{aligned} \lambda_\text{vac} &= \frac{1}{\displaystyle R_\text{H}\cdot \left(\frac{1}{{n_2}^2} - \frac{1}{{n_1}^2}\right)} \\ &\approx \frac{1}{\displaystyle 1.09678 \times 10^{7}\; \rm m^{-1} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{3^2} - \frac{1}{7^2}\right)} \approx 1.0 \times 10^{-6}\; \rm m \end{aligned}\).
Note, that \(1.0\times 10^{-6}\; \rm m\) is equivalent to \(1000\; \rm nm\). That is: \(1.0\times 10^{-6}\; \rm m = 1000\; \rm nm\).
Look up the speed of light in vacuum: \(c \approx 3.00\times 10^{8}\; \rm m \cdot s^{-1}\). Calculate the frequency of this photon:
\(\begin{aligned} f &= \frac{c}{\lambda_\text{vac}} \\ &\approx \frac{3.00\times 10^{8}\; \rm m\cdot s^{-1}}{1.0\times 10^{-6}\; \rm m} \approx 3.00 \times 10^{14}\; \rm Hz\end{aligned}\).
Let \(h\) represent Planck constant. The energy of a photon of wavelength \(f\) would be \(E = h \cdot f\).
Look up the Planck constant: \(h \approx 6.62607 \times 10^{-34}\; \rm J \cdot s\). With a frequency of \(3.00\times 10^{14}\; \rm Hz\) (\(1\; \rm Hz = 1\; \rm s^{-1}\),) the energy of each photon released in this transition would be:
\(\begin{aligned}E &= h \cdot f \\ &\approx 6.62607 \times 10^{-34}\; \rm J\cdot s^{-1} \times 3.00 \times 10^{14}\; \rm s^{-1} \\ &\approx 1.98 \times 10^{-19}\; \rm J\end{aligned}\).
The energy of the transition between n = 7 and n = 3 is 1.96 × 10^-19 J while the frequency is 3 × 10^14 Hz.
Using the Rydberg Equation for energy;
ΔE = -RH(1/n^2final - 1/n^2initial)
Given that;
nfinal = 3
ninitial = 7
RH = 2.18 × 10^-18 J
ΔE = - 2.18 × 10^-18(1/3^2 - 1/7^2)
ΔE = - 2.18 × 10^-18(0.11 - 0.02)
ΔE = - 1.96 × 10^-19 J
For the second part;
Since the wavelength is 1000nm, we have;
λ = 1000nm
c = 3 × 10^8 m/s
f = ?
c = λf
f = c/λ
f = 3 × 10^8 m/s/1000 × 10^-9 m
f = 3 × 10^8 m/s/ 1 × 10^-6 m
f = 3 × 10^14 Hz
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Related Questions
A sample of fluorine gas occupies 410 ml at 206 K and 2 atm. What volume does the gas occupy when the pressure is doubled, and the temperature increases to 500 K?
Answers
When the pressure is doubled and the temperature increases to 500 K, the volume of the fluorine gas is approximately 497 mL.
To determine the volume of fluorine gas when the pressure is doubled and the temperature increases, we can use the combined gas law. The combined gas law equation relates the initial and final states of a gas under different conditions. It can be written as:
(P1 × V1) / (T1) = (P2 × V2) / (T2)
Given:
P1 = 2 atm
V1 = 410 mL
T1 = 206 K
P2 = 2 atm × 2 = 4 atm (pressure is doubled)
T2 = 500 K (temperature increases)
We need to find V2, the final volume.
Substituting the given values into the combined gas law equation, we have:
(2 atm × 410 mL) / (206 K) = (4 atm × V2) / (500 K)
Cross-multiplying and simplifying the equation, we get:
(2 atm × 410 mL × 500 K) = (4 atm × V2 × 206 K)
Now, we can solve for V2:
V2 = (2 atm × 410 mL × 500 K) / (4 atm × 206 K)
V2 ≈ 497 mL
Therefore, when the pressure is doubled and the temperature increases to 500 K, the volume of the fluorine gas is approximately 497 mL.
It's important to note that we assumed the gas behaves ideally and followed the combined gas law equation. In reality, deviations from ideal gas behavior can occur at high pressures or low temperatures, so the calculated value is an approximation based on the ideal gas law..
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What is the chemical formula for the compound of Al3+ and Cl–?
Answers
Answer:
AlCl3..I guess that..!!
CAN SOMEONE HELP WITH THIS QUESTION?✨
Why are the titrations in the Redox Titration lab carried out in an acidic solution?
Answers
Titrations in the Redox Titration lab carried out in an acidic solution because the presence of an acid is necessary to facilitate this transfer of electrons. the hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution act as a catalyst.
Redox titration explained.
Redox titrations involve the transfer of electrons between the reactants, and the presence of an acid is necessary to facilitate this transfer of electrons. In an acidic solution, the hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution act as a catalyst for the oxidation-reduction reactions.
In particular, the acid helps to dissolve and ionize the substance being titrated, and also provides a source of protons and a low pH that favor the reduction or oxidation of the analyte. For example, in the titration of iron with potassium permanganate, the iron reacts with permanganate ion (MnO4-) in the acidic solution to produce a reddish-brown precipitate of iron(III) oxide, Fe2O3.
Fe2+ + MnO4- + 8H+ → Mn2+ + Fe2O3 + 4H2O
If the solution were not acidic, the permanganate ion would be reduced by water instead of by the iron, which would make the reaction difficult to follow and less precise.
Furthermore, the acidic solution also helps to prevent the reduction of the oxidizing agent by atmospheric oxygen, which could cause errors in the titration.
Therefore, the presence of an acid is essential for the success of a redox titration, and the type and concentration of acid used should be carefully chosen based on the analyte and oxidizing agent being used.
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Why are some chemical substances, like oil and coal, considered nonrenewable?
the process that forms them stops working after a decade
the process that forms them has not worked for millions of years
the process that forms them is very fast
the process that forms them is very slow
Answers
Answer:
The process of the formation of coal and oil is a very gradual and slow process.
Explanation:
The process of the formation of coal and oil is a very gradual process that takes up to millions of years.
I NEED HELP ON MY SCIENCE ASAP WHAT ARE TWO DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INTRUSIVE AND EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS?
Answers
Answer:
Extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks are the two primary subcategories. Lava, which is magma that has surfaced from beneath the Earth, is what gives rise to extrusive rocks, and they can also be formed by oozing fissures. Meanwhile, Magma cools and solidifies inside the planet's crust, forming intrusive rocks, however because they are inside the earths crust and have solidified there, they are usally the type to penetrate exsisting rocks, inlike extrusive rocks, which form on their own.
Explanation:
I hope this helps, I made this up as I went, with the information i do know. :)
Describe What is a concentrated solution?
Answers
How can thermal energy do work?
Answers
Janine wants to answer a question about how fertilizer affects the growth of her corn plants. She adds the fertilizer to half the plants in her cornfield. Which option describes the best data she can collect to help her draw a conclusion about the effect of the fertilizer on the corn?
A. the weekly rainfall for a month
B. the height of each corn plant each day for a few weeks
C. the temperature each day for a few weeks
D. the cost of the new fertilizer compared to the old fertilizer
Answers
Answer:
The answer is B
Explanation:She is collecting data about how the growth will be affected
What is the oxidation state of N in NaNOz?
Answers
The oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in NaNO3 is +5. option B
To determine the oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in sodium nitrate (NaNO3), we need to assign oxidation numbers to each element in the compound.
In NaNO3, we know that the sodium ion (Na+) has a +1 oxidation state because it is an alkali metal. Oxygen (O) typically has an oxidation state of -2 in compounds, and there are three oxygen atoms in NaNO3. Since the compound is neutral, the sum of the oxidation states must be zero.
Let's assume that the oxidation state of nitrogen is x. Therefore, we can set up the equation:
(+1) + x + (-2) * 3 = 0
Simplifying the equation:
+1 + x - 6 = 0
x - 5 = 0
x = +5
Therefore, the oxidation state of nitrogen (N) in NaNO3 is +5.
The oxidation state of an element indicates the number of electrons it has gained or lost in a compound. In this case, the nitrogen atom in NaNO3 has gained five electrons to achieve a stable oxidation state of +5.
It is important to note that oxidation states are formal charges and do not necessarily represent the actual distribution of electrons in a compound. They are assigned based on a set of rules and can be useful in understanding the reactivity and behavior of elements in chemical reactions.
Option B
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There are 235.5 grams of Calcium chloride dissolved in 2.5 liters of solution. What is the molarity of
this solution?
Answers
Please show all of your work, I need to understand all steps:
A student collected time (t) and concentration ([A]) data at
295 K for the reaction 2A→B. These time and concentration data are shown in the table to the right. The student then plotted graphs of [A] versus t (Figure 1) , ln[A] versus t (Figure 2) , and 1/[A] versus t (Figure 3) .
Figure 1:
t (s) (A)(M) ln(A) 1/ (A)
0.00 0.500 −0.693 2.00
20.0 0.389 −0.944 2.57
40.0 0.303 −1.19 3.30
60.0 0.236 −1.44 4.24
80.0 0.184 −1.69 5.43
i.) What is the rate of the reaction?
ii.) What is the value of the rate constant for this reaction?
iii.)
Next, the student ran the same reaction at a different temperature and measured a different reaction rate, with the following results:
T(K) k(s-1)
295 0.0125
325 0.0357
What is the activation energy of this reaction?
Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Answers
Answer:
a because the x and y value is the same
Equal masses of aluminum and copper are heated to 100 degree C and placed in water. Which would cause the water to reach the higher temperature? Explain your answer.
Answers
Answer:
copper will reach to higher temperature first.
Explanation:
Do you think mouse offspring will always look like their parents
Answers
Answer:No
Explanation
stry
23. Which graph represents the relationship
between pressure and volume for a sample of
an ideal gas at constant temperature?
Answers
The graph which represents the relationship between pressure and volume for a sample of an ideal gas at constant temperature is referred to as option A.
What is an Ideal gas?This is referred to as a theoretical gas composed of many randomly moving point particles that are not subject to interparticle interactions.
The relationship between pressure and volume is a direct one such that as pressure increases the volume also increases and vice versa which is depicted in the graph shown in option a thereby making it the correct choice.
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Find the volume in liters of 2.00 * 10 ^ 23 molecules of F2 at STP?
Answers
Define inference and explain how it is used to form conclusions.
Answers
Answer:
an inference is an educated answer based on a piece of information you have been given
Explanation:
e.g. they had pigtails in their long blonde hair.
from this we can infer that I am speaking about a girl
heating curve iron
at what temperature does the substance begins to boil
at what temperature does a substance begin to melt
at what temperature is a substance for a liquid and a gas
at what temperature is the substance both a solid and a liquid
Answers
The substance begins to boil at 2750⁰C, the substance begins to melt at 1500⁰C, the temperature at which the substance is both a liquid and a gas at 2750⁰C, temperature is the substance both a solid and a liquid at 1500⁰C.
Heating curves are the graphical correlations between heat added to a substance. When viewed from a cooling perspective, ie. loss of heat, it is the cooling curve.
The gradient of the cooling curve is related to the heat capacity, the thermal conductivity of the substance, and the external temperature. The more heat is required to change the temperature of the substance, the slower it cools, so the smaller the gradient of the curve. The higher the thermal conductivity, the faster heat is transferred, so the faster the substance cools.
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Urgent 45 pts
Answer the next five questions based on the diagram:
How many electrons are in the n = 1 shell?
How many electrons are in the n = 2 shell?
How many electrons are needed to complete the n = 2 shell?
How many electrons are being shared between the two nitrogen atoms?
How many bonds exist between the two nitrogen atoms?
Answers
Answer:
When n = 1 then it means the first shell of an atom whereas n = 2 means the second shell of an atom and so on.
Explanation:
When n = 1 then it means the first shell of an atom whereas n = 2 means the second shell of an atom and so on.
As every atom consists of three sub-atomic particles which are protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Protons and neutrons reside inside the nucleus of an atom and electrons revolve outside the nucleus of the atom.
A covalent bond is defined as the bond formed by sharing of electrons between the two combining atoms.
Therefore, the given questions are answered as follows.
There are 2 electrons in the n = 1 shell.
There are 5 electrons in its n = 2 shell.
There are 5 electrons in nitrogen's outer shell before sharing electrons.
6 electrons are being shared between the two nitrogen atoms.
Covalent bonds exist between the two nitrogen atoms.
Explanation:
1. In the 1 shell there are 2 electrons
2. in the second shell there are 5 electrons
3. To complete the 2 shell are needed 3 electrons
4. Each of them share 3 elections
5. 3 bonds exist between the two nitrogen atoms
For some transformation having kinetics that obey the Avrami equation (Equation 11.17), the parameter n is known to have a value of 2.3. If, after 145 s, the reaction is 50% complete, how long (total time) will it take the transformation to go to 88% completion
Answers
Answer:
t ≈ 235.47 secs
Explanation:
Calculate how long it will take the transformation to go to 88% completion
Given that Avrami equation ( y )= 1 - exp( - kt^n )
n = 2.3
t = 145 secs
reaction = 50% after t = 145 secs
Reaction = 88% after t = ?
attached below is a detailed solution
Ethanol has the chemical formula C2H5OH. Write and balance the chemical reaction for the combustion of ethanol
Answers
Answer:
C2H5OH(l)+3O2(g)⟶2CO2+3H2O(l)
Explanation:
The balanced equation for the combustion of ethanol will be
\(C_{2}H_{5}OH+3O_{2}------- > 2CO_{2}+3H_{2}O\). According to this carbon dioxide and water will be the product.
What is combustion?
Combustion is a chemical process during which a material reacts quickly with oxygen and generates heat.
The original substance is referred to as the fuel, and the supplier of oxygen is referred to as the oxidizer. The fuel can be solid, liquid, or gas, but it is usually a liquid for airplane propulsion.
Combustion is a chemical reaction between two or more substances, usually involving oxygen, that produces light and heat in the form of a flame.
The products of complete ethanol combustion are carbon dioxide and water, as well as the start releasing of light and heat.
The equation will be:
\(C_{2}H_{5}OH+3O_{2}------- > 2CO_{2}+3H_{2}O\)
Thus, in this way, the combustion of ethanol occurs.
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An aqueous potassium carbonate solution is made by dissolving 7.32 moles of K2CO3 in sufficient water so that the final volume of the solution is 4.80 L . Calculate the molarity of the K2CO3 solution.
Answers
According to the concept of molar concentration, molarity of the solution is 1.525 M.
What is molar concentration?Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.
The molar concentration depends on change in volume of the solution which is mainly due to thermal expansion. Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.
In terms of moles, it's formula is given as molar concentration= number of moles /volume of solution in liters.
In the given problem, by substituting values in mentioned formula related to moles we get,7.32/4.80=1.525 M.
Thus , the molarity of solution is 1.525 M.
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C6H12O6 + 602 → 6CO2 + 6H₂O
The most efficient ratio is
1 C6H12O6 6 02.
Which set of reactants will be the most
efficient (least wasteful of materials) for
the reaction?
A. 1.0 mol C6H12O6 and 3.0 mol O₂
B. 1.5 mol C6H₁2O6 and 3.0 mol O₂
C. 3.0 mol C6H₁2O6 and 6.0 mol O₂
D. 0.5 mol C6H₁2O6 and 3.0 mol O₂
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The ratio of C6H12O6 (which will be referred to as "the carb") to oxygen is 1 to 6, so if we find an answer which has the same ratio, it should be chosen. A is 1:3
B is even worse with a ratio of the carb to oxygen of 1:2
C is the same as B, 1:2
D has a ratio of the carb to oxygen of 1:6, which is what we are looking for.
An electron has a
charge.
Answers
An electron has a negative charge.
The charge of an electron is a fundamental property of the particle, and it is denoted by the symbol "e." The magnitude of the charge of an electron is approximately 1.602 × 10^-19 coulombs (C). This value is considered the elementary charge and is used as a reference for other charges. The charge of an electron plays a significant role in determining the behavior and interactions of atoms and molecules. It is opposite in sign to the charge of a proton, which is positive. The electron's charge allows it to interact with other charged particles, such as protons and ions, through electrostatic forces. Electrons are subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom in specific energy levels or orbitals. They contribute to the overall stability and chemical properties of atoms and participate in chemical bonding and reactions. The movement of electrons between atoms is what enables the formation of chemical bonds and the sharing or transfer of electrons to create ions. In summary, the charge of an electron is negative, and it plays a fundamental role in the structure and behavior of atoms and molecules.
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Which of the following is involved in bonding between atoms?
Select one:
O a. neutrons
O b. protons
O c. electrons
O d. the nucleus
Answers
The following is involved in bonding between atoms is electron
There are four type of chemical bonds essential for life to exist and it is ionic bond, covalent bond, hydrogen bond, and Vander wall interaction and all of these are different kind of bond to play various role in biochemical interaction and the electron on the outermost energy level of the atom are called valence electron and the valence electron are involved in bonding one atom yo another
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What other organisms feed on the same material?
Answers
Answer:
A heterotroph is an organism that eats other plants or animals for energy and nutrients. The term stems from the Greek words hetero for “other” and trophe for “nourishment.”
What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 1.25 mol of HCl in enough
water to make 625 mL of solution?
A) 0.073 M
B) 2.00 M
OC) 28.5 M
D) 500 M
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
C
2.00 M is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 1.25 mol of HCl in enough water to make 625 mL of solution.
What are moles?A mole is defined as 6.02214076 × of some chemical unit, be it atoms, molecules, ions, or others. The mole is a convenient unit to use because of the great number of atoms, molecules, or others in any substance.
\(Molality = \frac{Moles \;solute}{Volume \;of \;solution \;in \;litre}\)
\(Molality = \frac{1.25}{0.625}\)
Molality = 2.00 M
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A particular Ci atom has a mass number of 37. Which statements about the atom are correct?
Check all that apply.
It contains 37 protons.
It contains 20 neutrons.
It has an atomic number of 17.
It contains 37 neutrons.
Answers
Answer:
It contains 20 neutrons
It has an atomic number of 17.
Explanation:
According to this question involving chlorine atom (Cl), the mass number (A) is said to be 37. The mass number of an element is calculated by adding the proton number and the neutron number i.e.
Mass no. = Proton no. + Neutron no.
The proton number is also called atomic number, and in this case as it is on the periodic table, the atomic number of Chlorine is 17. This means that chlorine atom has 17 protons. To calculate the number of neutrons in 37Cl, we say:
neutron no. = 37 - 17
neutron no = 20
From the above calculation, the following are true of 37 Cl:
- It contains 20 neutrons
- It has an atomic number of 17.
The chlorine atom contains 20 neutrons .
It has an atomic number of 17.
Explanation:
The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons in an atom.The mass number of the atom is equal to the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons.Given:
The mass number of a given chlorine atom is 37.
To find:
The correct statements.
Solution:
The atomic number of chlorine is 17
The number of protons in chlorine atom = atomic number of chlorine = 17
Mass number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons
37 = 17+ Number of neutrons
Number of neutrons = 37 - 17 = 20
The chlorine atom contains 20 neutrons and has an atomic number of 17.
So, the correct statements are 'the chlorine atom contains 20 neutrons',
'It has an atomic number of 17'.
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Which of these is a function of all cells ?
A. To produce oxygen through photosynthesis
B. To combine with other cells to form tissues
C. To subdivide to form cells for sexual reproduction
D. To transfer genetic information from one generation to the next
Answers
Answer:
a because it help in protecting disease
Lithium and nitrogen react in a combination reaction to produce lithium nitride:
6Li(s) + N_2(g) → 2Li_3N(s)
In a particular experiment, 1 00 g samples of each reagent are reacted. The theoretical yield of Iithium nitride is __________.
a. 5.0
b. 0.84
c. 1.01
d. 1.67
e. 2.50
Answers
Answer:
Option D. 1.67 g
Explanation:
The balanced equation for the reaction is given below:
6Li (s) + N₂ (g) → 2Li₃N (s)
Next, we shall determine the masses of Li and N₂ that reacted and the mass of
Li₃N produced from the balanced equation. This can be obtained as follow:
Molar mass of Li = 7 g/mol
Mass of Li from the balanced equation = 6 × 7 = 42 g
Molar mass of N₂ = 14 × 2 = 28 g/mol
Mass of N₂ from the balanced equation = 1 × 28 = 28 g
Molar mass of Li₃N = (7×3) + 14 = 21 + 14 = 35 g/mol
Mass of Li₃N from the balanced equation = 2 × 35 = 70 g
SUMMARY:
From the balanced equation above,
42 g of Li reacted with 28 g of N₂ to produce 70 g of Li₃N.
Next, we shall determine the limiting reactant. This can be obtained as illustrated below:
From the balanced equation above,
42 g of Li reacted with 28 g of N₂.
Therefore, 1 g of Li will react with =
(1 × 28)/42 = 0.67 g of N₂
From the calculation made above, we can see that only 0.67 g of N₂ out of 1 g given is required to react completely with 1 g of Li.
Therefore, Li is the limiting reactant and N₂ is the excess reactant.
Finally, we shall determine the theoretical yield of Iithium nitride, Li₃N.
The theoretical yield of Iithium nitride, Li₃N, can be obtained by using the limiting reactant as illustrated below:
From the balanced equation above,
42 g of Li reacted to produce 70 g of Li₃N.
Therefore, 1 g of Li will react to produce = (1 × 70)/42 = 1.67 g of Li₃N.
Thus, the theoretical yield of Iithium nitride, Li₃N is 1.67 g.
Corrosive means having the tendency to erode or eat away at something. Strong acids and bases are both corrosive.
A. True
B. False
Answers
Answer:
true
Explanation: