Two students completed an experiment to determine if pesticide use at local farms was causing fish kills in a local pond. The steps of the experiment are listed below. Select one location to collect water samples in the pond. Collect a 5-mL water sample at 8 am for two days. Measure the amount of pesticide present in each sample using the same measurement tools. After analyzing their data, the students conclude that pesticide runoff from farms is not causing the fish to die in the pond. Which of these statements best describes why their conclusion is not reliable? The pesticide measurements were the dependent variable. The samples were collected at different times. The samples were only collected for two days. The time of sample collection was not an independent variable.

Answer:

Axon terminal ; dendrite

Hope this answer correct :)

Neuron A communicates with neuron B, and the axon terminal of neuron A releases a signal that activates the receptors present on neuron B. The neurotransmitters are attached to the ligand-gated channel on neuron B.

The nerve impulse transmission takes place between two neurons, and then in this way, from the sensory organs, the message passes to the spinal cord and the brain. The synapse is formed between the two neurons, such as the presynaptic neuron that releases the neurotransmitters, and this activates the ligand-gated channel of the postsynaptic neuron. Due to this interaction, the neurons get excited and activated.

Hence, neuron A communicates with neuron B, and the axon terminal of neuron A releases a signal that activates the receptors present on neuron B. The neurotransmitters are attached to the ligand-gated channel on neuron B.

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"Before the Flood" is a documentary film that explores the issue of climate change and its impacts on the environment, societies, and future generations.

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Answer:

depends on F1 and F2

Explanation

Dominant traits

Dominant trait is a characteristic that clearly expresses, overwhelms other traits of the same type in a heterozygous genetic combination; is shown mainly in the F1 generation.

Diving traits

Recessive trait is a trait that cannot be expressed because it is overwhelmed by other traits of the same type (with a pair of symmetrical alleles) in a heterozygous genetic combination; recessive has not been shown in F1, but only occurs in F2 generation.

Answer:

A solution to both problems is to have some sort of body cavity, called a coelom, in which the body organs lie bathed in body fluid. Movement of the body wall would not squeeze the organs, organs could grow without being pressed by the body wall, and diffusion of nutrients and wastes would be easier.

The modification that is most likely to alter the rate at which a DNA fragment moves through a gel during electrophoresis is increasing the length of the DNA fragment, option C is correct.

During electrophoresis, DNA fragments migrate through a gel matrix based on their size and charge. Longer DNA fragments experience more resistance from the gel matrix and migrate slower than shorter fragments.

Altering the nucleotide sequence without changing the length, is less likely to affect the migration rate significantly as the charge and size of the fragment remain the same. Radioactively labeling specific bases, does not directly affect the fragment's size or charge and is unlikely to impact the migration rate. Leaving the length of the DNA fragment the same, would maintain the original migration rate, assuming other factors remain constant, option C is correct.

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The complete question is:

Which of the following modifications is most likely to alter the rate at which a DNA fragment moves through a gel during electrophoresis?

A. altering the nucleotide sequence of the DNA fragment without adding or removing nucleotides

B. radioactively labeling the cytosine bases within the DNA fragment

C. increasing the length of the DNA fragment

D. leaving the length of the DNA fragment the same

Explanation:

An internal-combustion engine goes through four strokes: intake, compression, combustion (power), and exhaust. As the piston moves during each stroke, it turns the crankshaft.

Answer:

50%

Explanation:

Dd Dd dd dd

25% + 25%

Answer:

Digestion occurs when the animal’s body gets busy breaking down the food. Two types of digestion exist in all animals: Mechanical digestion physically breaks down food into smaller and smaller pieces.

Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that affects blood clotting. It is caused by mutations in genes that control blood clotting factors. One example of how hemophilia is expressed and passed through generations can be seen in a pedigree.

In the family pedigree example, hemophilia is expressed and passed through generations as follows:
1. Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive trait, meaning it is carried on the X chromosome and requires only one copy of the mutated gene to express the trait in males (XY). Females (XX) require two copies of the mutated gene to express the trait, making it rarer in females.
2. If the mother is a carrier of the hemophilia gene (XhX), she has a 50% chance of passing the mutated gene (Xh) to each child, regardless of their sex. If the father is unaffected (X), he will only pass the normal X chromosome (X) to his daughters and the Y chromosome (Y) to his sons.
3. If a son inherits the mutated gene (Xh) from his mother and the Y chromosome from his father (XhY), he will express the hemophilia trait.
4. If a daughter inherits the mutated gene (Xh) from her mother and the normal X chromosome from her father (XhX), she will be a carrier of the hemophilia trait but will not express it.
5. If a daughter inherits two copies of the mutated gene (XhXh), she will express the hemophilia trait, which is very rare.
6. In the family pedigree, hemophilia is passed down through generations as carriers or affected individuals continue to reproduce. By analyzing the pedigree, we can determine the probability of future generations inheriting the hemophilia trait or being carriers.

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Answer:

Carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals an area can support without degrading the environment.

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As you can see in the images, there are 3 types of natural selection:

- Disruptive: In which the phenotypes at the extremes prevail instead of the phenotype in the middle which is the average.

- Stabilization: In which the middle phenotype prevails.

- Directional: One of the extreme phenotypes prevails.

Speciation is a process in which new species are formed from an initial species and can occur due to various conditions and therefore, there are several types. An example is the image (allopatric speciation) in which a geographic barrier divides the individuals of the population and over time, these give rise to different species.

Since disruptive selection is the only one that favors the presence of more than one phenotype, it is more likely to produce a speciation phenomenon in which 2 or more distinct species are obtained over time. Therefore, the answer is A.

The type of sensory information described here is called kinesthetic sense or kinesthesia.

In general , the ability to sense the position, movement, and tension of the body and its limbs through the receptors located in muscles, tendons, and joints is popularly known as kinesthetic sense .

Also, Kinesthetic sense is important for coordinating movement, maintaining balance, and perceiving spatial relationships. Exteroception, on the other hand, refers to sensory information that comes from outside the body, such as touch, vision, and hearing.

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Answer:

A hypothesis is a conjecture, based on knowledge obtained while seeking answers to the question. The hypothesis might be very specific, or it might be broad. Scientists then test hypotheses by conducting experiments or studies.

Answer: Help is Here!

Explanation:

Once every 24 hours Earth fully with us on it. When we are on the side of Earth that is facing the Sun, we have daylight from the sun. As Earth continues its spin, we are moved away from our Sun, and we have night time because there is no more light from the sun (on our side).

Answer:

C

Explanation:

A law is an observation; a theory is the explanation of that observation.

source: http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/culture-miscellaneous/difference-between-theory-and-law/

In science, a scientific law is a descriptive statement or mathematical equation that describes a natural phenomenon or pattern consistently observed in the natural world.

The correct statement is option c.

The statement explains what happens and is often based on empirical evidence obtained from repeated observations and experiments.

On the other hand, a scientific theory is a well-substantiated and comprehensive explanation of some aspect of the natural world. It goes beyond mere observation and provides an understanding of why and how a particular phenomenon occurs. A scientific theory is supported by a substantial body of evidence, and it can be used to make predictions about future observations or experiments.

Scientific laws and theories are both essential components of scientific understanding, and they are not ordered in terms of coming before or after each other.

Hence , C is the correct option

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Answer:

Explanation:

Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies the genetic instructions from DNA in the nucleus, and carries the instructions to the cytoplasm

For animal cells to be in equilibrium, isotonic fluids are required. All living organisms must maintain homeostasis, which is a state of equilibrium. Animal cells don't have a cell wall, thus when there is too much water entering or exiting the cell, it will burst or shrink and die.

Equal amounts of water flow into and out of an animal cell when it is in an isotonic solution, maintaining the cell in a stable condition known as homeostasis.

The concentration of a solute in the environment as contrasted to a cell is measured by tonicity. An isotonic solution contains the same quantity of water and solute as the cell, whereas hypotonic environments have less solute and more water. Hypertonic environments have more solutes and less water.

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The population of frogs in a pond grows exponentially, tripling every 6 days. Initially, there are 28 frogs.

Time to 260 frogs:

A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)

260 = 28(1 + 3/1)^(6t)

9.2857 = 4^(6t)

(6t) log 4 = log 9.285

t = log 9.2857 / log 4

2.378 days to reach 260 frogs.

Time to 1300 frogs:

A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)

1300 = 28(1 + 3/1)^(6t)

46.4286 = 4^(6t)

(6t) log 4 = log 46.4286

t = log 46.4286 / log 4

6.027 days until the pond's ecosystem can support 1300 frogs.

Therefore, it will take around 2.378 days to reach 260 frogs and approximately 6.027 days until the situation becomes critical when the pond's ecosystem can support 1300 frogs.

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50% & 50%

Explanation:

The next step would be to perform functional studies on the candidate gene to determine its role in virulence.

Identifying a candidate virulence gene is just the first step in understanding its role in the pathogenesis of a particular disease. To confirm that the gene is indeed a virulence factor, it is necessary to conduct functional studies to determine its specific role in the virulence process.

Functional studies can involve a range of techniques, including gene knockouts, complementation studies, and expression analysis. These studies can help to establish a causal relationship between the candidate gene and virulence by demonstrating that changes in the expression or activity of the gene have a direct impact on the pathogenicity of the organism.

In addition to functional studies, other approaches such as in vitro and in vivo assays can also be used to validate the role of a candidate virulence gene. These assays can help to confirm that the gene is required for the pathogen to cause disease and that it plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the infection.

Overall, functional studies are a crucial step in the validation of a candidate virulence gene and are essential for understanding the underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis.

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Explanation:

For a strand of DNA to form, nucleotides must be linked into chains, with the sugar phosphate groups alternating. DNA is made of the building block chemical called nucleotides. Nucleotides are made up of three main parts, a sugar group, a phosphate group, and some type of nitrogen base. Hope this answers, and is helpful! Have a great day! :))

Answer:

This is an example of: Anabolism

Answer:

as the field of science, biology help as to understand the living world and the ways it's many species

The bacterial growth on your environmental plate that has thick,unbranched threads is referred to be filamentous. Long, unbranched filaments, when individual cells adhere to one another in a chain, are what distinguish this particular variety of bacteria.

Bacteria are common, generally free-living organisms with just one biological cell on average. They account for a large chunk of the prokaryotic microbial kingdom. The bulk of the ecosystems on Earth are home to bacteria, which are typically a few micrometres long and were among the first life forms to emerge there. Bacteria play a crucial role in several stages of the nutrition cycle by recycling nutrients like nitrogen from the atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the breakdown of dead bodies; microorganisms are in charge of the putrefaction stage of this process.

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Answer:

False

Explanation:

An acquired trait is the character developed in an individual as a result of environmental influence. These traits are not coded by the DNA of a living organism and therefore cannot be passed on to future generations.

An anaerobic treatment cycle entails wastewater entering a bioreactor plug socket containing sludge, a thick semi-solid substance rich in anaerobic bacteria and other microorganisms that break down the organic contaminants in the wastewater.

Anaerobic digestion is a process in which bacteria break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen, such as animal manure, wastewater biosolids, and food waste.

Anaerobic digestion is the most commonly used sludge treatment method. In this process, a significant portion of the organic matter (cells) is broken down into carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) in the absence of oxygen.

Thus, this is the way to treat wastewater anaerobically.

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Based on the provided observations:

Based on the provided observations, we can determine the classifications of the specimens as follows:

In summary, based on the provided observations, the students examined an animal, a plant, a virus, and a prokaryote under the microscope.

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The  complete question may be like:

Drag each tile to the correct location.

The table below lists the observations students made about four specimens under a microscope. Based on these observations, classify each specimen into one of the following categories: animal, plant, virus, or prokaryote.

Specimen Observations:

Drag the tiles representing the specimen names (animal, plant, virus, prokaryote) to the correct location based on the provided observations.

Cell membrane is specialized for transport of materials into and out of the cell.

The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is a vital structure in cells that serves as a selective barrier, controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

It is specialized for transport through the presence of various proteins and lipid components that facilitate the passage of specific molecules.

The cell membrane consists of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. These proteins, such as channels, carriers, and pumps, play essential roles in transporting ions, nutrients, and other molecules across the membrane.

Channels provide a passageway for specific substances to move freely, while carriers facilitate the transport of molecules by binding to them and undergoing conformational changes. Pumps actively transport molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring energy in the form of ATP.

The cell membrane also contains receptor proteins that allow the cell to communicate with its environment by binding to specific molecules, triggering cellular responses. This communication enables the cell to detect and respond to signals and regulate the transport of substances accordingly.

In summary, the cell membrane is specialized for material transport through its composition of phospholipids and proteins.

These components work together to selectively allow the passage of certain substances into and out of the cell, ensuring proper functioning and maintaining homeostasis.

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A membrane potential in which there is no net movement of an ion across a membrane is called an equilibrium potential.

Membrane potential may be defined because the distinct electric ability this is gift outside and inside of a mobileular because of the sodium-potassium pump. A mobileular has a tendency to have extra potassium ions internal it compared to the outside. On the alternative hand, the awareness of sodium ions in a mobileular is stored decrease compared to the outer environment.

Sodium being a negative ion and potassium being a high quality ion creates variations withinside the electric ability outside and inside of a mobileular.

An equilibrium ability is a factor wherein there's no internet motion of ions throughout the membrane due to the fact the electrical pressure is identical outside and inside of a mobileular. The opposing forces are balanced which makes no motion of ions possible.

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