Two students collect data on three unknown samples in the lab. Their data is presented in the table below.

Element X Element Y Element Z
Number of Protons 19 20 unknown
Number of Neutrons 21 20 unknown
Number of Electrons 19 20
19

Appearance solid, dull gray solid, dull light gray solid, dull gray
Reacts with acid? yes yes yes
Mass Number 40 40 40
Student 1 turned in his lab sheet stating that all three samples must be the same element, because their appearance, reactivity with acid, and mass number were all the same.

Student 2 disagreed and wrote that Element X and Z were the same, while Element Y was different. She argued that the similar appearance, identical number of electrons, and identical mass number means that Element X and Z are the same element.

Which of the following would most disprove the second student's argument?

A. After long-term exposure to air, Element Z also turns light gray


B. New data determines that Element Z has 20 neutrons.


C. A repeat experiment reveals that an atom of the sample of Element Z actually has 20 electrons.


D. A repeat experiment reveals that the sample of Element Z actually has a mass number of 41.

Answer:

I think it’s b

Explanation:

The boiling point of aluminum is 2519 degrees Celsius ( hope this helps! )

If we add one proton to  10B we obtain 10C.

An atom is the smallest part of a substance that can take part in a chemical reaction. We know that an atom is composed of an electron, a proton and a neutron.

The number of protons in an atom is the atomic number of the atom and it can be used to identify the atom. If two atoms have the same number of protons then they must be isotopes of each other.

Not that the isotopes have the same physical and chemical properties because they are actually the same element and only differ in the number of neutrons that is in the nucleus of each atom.

Now, the element boron has five electrons and protons.  10B has five electrons, protons and neutrons. If we add one proton to  10B we obtain 10C.

If we add one neutron to  10B we obtain 11B. Only 11B is an isotope of boron, the atom 10C belongs to a different element.

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If a worker who is 3.7 meters away from a natural gas leak starts smelling gas, it indicates that the methane gas has traveled at least 3.7 meters from the leak point.

The presence of mercaptan, which is added to natural gas as a smell indicator, allows the detection of the gas even at a distance. The exact distance the methane gas has traveled may depend on factors such as the concentration of mercaptan added, the wind direction, and the efficiency of gas dispersion.

Mercaptan is added to natural gas as a safety measure to make leaks easily detectable by smell. Methane gas itself is odorless and colorless, making it difficult to detect leaks without any added indicator. By adding mercaptan, which has a strong and distinct odor, any leakage can be quickly detected.

If a worker who is 3.7 meters away from the leak point starts smelling gas, it suggests that the methane gas has traveled at least 3.7 meters from the leak source. The smell of mercaptan indicates the presence of methane gas in the vicinity. However, it is important to note that the distance the gas has traveled may vary depending on several factors.

Factors such as the concentration of mercaptan added to the gas, the wind direction and speed, and the efficiency of gas dispersion will influence the extent of gas diffusion. Additionally, the sensitivity of an individual's sense of smell can also play a role in detecting the odor. Therefore, while the worker may start smelling gas at a certain distance, the exact distance the methane gas has traveled may vary based on these factors.

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Armando used this model to test the idea that you can modify the table legs using a certain sand size and record the results to test the hypothesis that extremely steep hills lead to narrow, deep rivers.

A model is an artificial representation of an object or a process. Models are used to show the process or things that are very big and can not be understood by the actual thing.

Sand, granite, mud, and other objects from the earth are carried away by the energy of the rushing water, along with water-soluble substances like limestone.

Thus, depending on how quickly a river flows, it has more or less. The ability to remove more material, as the river runs more quickly when it is narrow than large, leads to the development of a deep and narrow river.

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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:

Using Models to Answer Questions About Systems

Armando’s class was looking at images of rivers formed by flowing water. Most of the rivers were wide and shallow, but one river was narrow and deep.

Armando’s class thinks that this river is narrow and deep because:

the hill that the water flowed down was very steep, or

the sand grains that the water flowed through were very small.

Answer:

How many Joules of energy do you need to melt all the ice into a pure liquid along the path from B to C on the graph? Answer: For 1 kilogram of ice ,which equals 1000 grams, we need 333 Joules/gram x 1000 grams = 333,000 Joules. Problem 3 - The Specific Heat of liquid water is 4180 Joules/kg C.

Explanation:

Answer:Does alcohol really burn off when cooking? what are the possible substitutions for alcohol in recipes?

Explanation:

The longer you cook, the more alcohol cooks out, but you have to cook food for about 3 hours to fully erase all traces of alcohol. A study from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Nutrient Data lab confirmed this and added that food baked or simmered in alcohol for 15 minutes still retains 40 percent of the alcohol.

1. The equation to be used would be Newton's second law of motion.

2. we can solve by substituting the values given into the equation for acceleration.

3. The acceleration would be 40 m/s^2.

We can use Newton's second law of motion to solve for the acceleration of the puck. This law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force applied to it and inversely proportional to its mass. The equation is given as:

a = F/m

where a is the acceleration of the object in meters per second squared (m/s^2), F is the force applied in Newtons (N), and m is the mass of the object in kilograms (kg).

To carry out the calculation, we simply need to substitute the values given into the equation for acceleration:

a = F/m

a = 20 N / 0.5 kg

a = 40 m/s^2

The acceleration of the puck is 40 meters per second squared (m/s^2).

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Answer:

A.

Explanation:

Two or more than two atoms with different physical or chemical properties can not combine together to form an element. Xenon(Xe ) is the least abundant element on the earth. The correct option is option A.

Element generally consist of atoms or we can atoms combine to form element. Atoms of an element is always same, means all the properties of all atoms of one type of element is same.

Oxygen, water, and nitrogen are the most abundant molecule on the earth. Xenon is the least abundant amongst all given option. Xenon belongs to noble gas family. So, Xenon is not reactive at all.  Xenon does not form any compound with any other element so its abundance on earth is very less.

Therefore,  Xenon(Xe ) is the least abundant element on the earth. The correct option is option A.

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pH plays a crucial role in cation exchange and mineral retention in soil. Low pH (acidic conditions) increases the release of cations from soil particles, while high pH (alkaline conditions) promotes cation retention and reduces their availability for plants.

The pH of soil affects cation exchange and mineral retention through its influence on the soil's electrical charge and the solubility of minerals. In acidic conditions (low pH), the soil becomes positively charged, which leads to the release of cations from soil particles.

The high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) displaces cations from the exchange sites on clay particles, allowing them to be leached away or become more available for plant uptake. This increased cation release can result in nutrient deficiencies for plants.

Conversely, in alkaline conditions (high pH), the soil becomes negatively charged. This facilitates the retention of cations on soil particles, reducing their availability for plant uptake.

The elevated concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) can compete with cations for binding sites on clay minerals and organic matter, effectively immobilizing the cations and decreasing their mobility in the soil.

Therefore, maintaining an optimal pH range for specific crops is essential for promoting cation exchange and mineral availability in the soil. pH management through soil amendments and fertilization practices can help create favorable conditions for nutrient uptake and plant growth.

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Answer:

The answer is Iron phosphide (Fe2P)

Answer:

Explanation

7 tonnes-8.5 ammonia

1 ton will be 8.5/7=1.21

we now know what 1 ton of nitrogen is equal to

so now,34/28 that is equal to 1.21

1.21=1.21

So the answer would be C. 28 tonnes

Thanks!

Answered by: FieryAnswererGT

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Answer:

A spatial pattern is a perceptual structure, placement, or arrangement of objects on Earth. It also includes the space in between those objects. Patterns may be recognized because of their arrangement; maybe in a line or by a clustering of points.

Explanation:

The stronger base in aqueous solution between (CH₃)₂NH (dimethylamine) and (CH₃)₃N (trimethylamine) is (CH₃)₂NH.

The basicity of an amine is determined by the availability of its lone pair of electrons to accept a proton (H+) from water. In this case, (CH₃)₂NH has a stronger basicity compared to (CH₃)₃N because it has a smaller number of alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom. The alkyl groups are electron-donating and can disperse the electron density away from the nitrogen atom, making it less available to accept a proton.

On the other hand, (CH₃)₃N has three methyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom, which increases the electron density around the nitrogen atom, making it less able to accept a proton. The presence of multiple alkyl groups in (CH₃)₃N leads to a weaker basicity compared to (CH₃)₂NH.

Therefore, in aqueous solution, (CH₃)₂NH is the stronger base between the two.

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35.292 kg of cryolite will be produced, to understand how following steps have to be followed:

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between aluminum oxide \(\(Al_{2}O_{3}\), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and hydrogen fluoride (HF) to produce cryolite 2\(Na_{3}3AlF_{6}\) is:

(2\(\(Al_{2}O_{3}\)+6NaOH ) + (12HF ) -> (2\(Na_{3}3AlF_{6}\) + 2NaCl)

Using the equation, we can calculate the limiting reagent, which is the reactant that gets completely consumed in the reaction and determines the amount of product that can be formed.

To find the limiting reagent, we need to calculate the number of moles of each reactant. We can do this by dividing the mass of each substance by its molar mass:

Moles of \(Al_{2}O_{3}\) = 17.2 kg / 101.96 g/mol = 168.62 mol

Moles of NaOH = 57.4 kg / 40.00 g/mol = 1435 mol

Moles of HF = 57.4 kg / 20.01 g/mol = 2870 mol

According to the balanced equation, 2 moles of \(Al_{2}O_{3}\) react with 6 moles of NaOH and 12 moles of HF to produce 2 moles of  2\(Na_{3}3AlF_{6}\) . This means that the mole ratio of \(\(Al_{2}O_{3}\) to \(Na_{3}3AlF_{6}\)  is 2:2 or 1:1, which indicates that 168.62 moles of \(Al_{2}O_{3}\) will react with 168.62 moles of  2\(Na_{3}3AlF_{6}\)

To determine how much NaOH and HF will be needed to react with the 168.62 moles of \(Al_{2}O_{3}\), we can use the mole ratio of NaOH and HF to \(Al_{2}O_{3}\), which is 6:2 or 3:1.

This means that 168.62 moles of \(Al_{2}O_{3}\) will require 505.86 moles of NaOH (168.62 × 3) and 168.62 moles of HF.

Now we can calculate the amount of cryolite produced using the mole ratio of \(Na_{3}3AlF_{6}\) to \(Al_{2}O_{3}\), which is 2:2 or 1:1. This means that 168.62 moles of  2\(Na_{3}3AlF_{6}\) will be produced.

Finally, we can convert the moles of  2\(\(Na_{3}3AlF_{6}\) to kilograms using its molar mass:

Mass of  2\(Na_{3}3AlF_{6} = 168.62 mol × 209.94 g/mol = 35,292 g or 35.292 kg

Therefore, 35.292 kg of cryolite will be produced.

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If 17.2 kg of Al2O3(s), 57.4 kg of NaOH(l), and 57.4 kg of HF(g) react completely, 17.72 kg of cryolite will be produced.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Al2O3(s), NaOH(l), and HF(g) to produce cryolite is:

2Al2O3(s) + 6NaOH(l) + 12HF(g) → 2Na3AlF6(s) + 6H2O(l)

Using the given amounts of reactants, we can determine which reactant is limiting and calculate the amount of product produced based on that.

First, we need to convert the mass of NaOH(l) and HF(g) to moles:

moles of NaOH(l) = 57.4 kg / 40.00 g/mol = 1,435 mol
moles of HF(g) = 57.4 kg / 20.01 g/mol = 2,868 mol

Next, we need to determine the limiting reactant. To do this, we can use the mole ratios from the balanced equation:

2 moles of Al2O3 : 6 moles of NaOH : 12 moles of HF : 2 moles of Na3AlF6

The ratio of moles of Al2O3 to NaOH to HF is 1:3:6, which means that we need 3 times as many moles of NaOH as Al2O3 and 6 times as many moles of HF as Al2O3.

moles of Al2O3 = 17.2 kg / 101.96 g/mol = 168.7 mol

Using the mole ratio, we can calculate the number of moles of NaOH and HF required:

moles of NaOH required = 3 x 168.7 mol = 506.1 mol
moles of HF required = 6 x 168.7 mol = 1,012.2 mol

Since we have 1,435 mol of NaOH and 2,868 mol of HF, both are in excess and Al2O3 is the limiting reactant.

Using the mole ratio from the balanced equation, we can calculate the amount of cryolite produced:

2 moles of Na3AlF6 : 2 moles of Al2O3

moles of Na3AlF6 produced = 168.7 mol / 2 x 2 = 84.4 mol

Finally, we can convert the moles of Na3AlF6 to kilograms:

mass of Na3AlF6 produced = 84.4 mol x 209.94 g/mol / 1000 = 17.72 kg

Therefore, 17.72 kg of cryolite will be produced.

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The limiting reactant​ : Fe

Reaction

3Fe + 4H₂O ⇒ Fe₃O₄ + 4H₂

mass of H₂O = 10 g

mol H₂O (MW=18 g/mol) :

\(\tt mol=\dfrac{mass}{MW}\\\\mol=\dfrac{10}{18}=0.56\)

mass of Fe = 16.8 g

mol Fe(MW=56 g/mol) :

\(\tt mol=\dfrac{16.8}{56}=0.3\)

Limiting reactant : the smallest ratio between mol : reaction coefficient

Fe :

\(\tt \dfrac{0.3}{3}=0.1\)

H₂O :

\(\tt \dfrac{0.56}{4}=0.14\)

Fe as limiting reactant

Answer:

The answer is B

Explanation:

Answer:

answer is a

Explanation:

i hope this helps you

The correct answer to the question is option (A)- Adaption to arid environment. C4 and CAM plants are adaptations to arid environment. Arid environment is the environment which has no water for the plants that grow in it.

During a prolonged breath hold, the body continues to consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide. As a result, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the lungs increases.

It is one of the most important and widely used concepts in chemistry as it allows us to quantify the amount of a particular substance in a given system. Concentration plays a crucial role in many chemical reactions, as the rate of a reaction is often directly proportional to the concentration of the reactants.

There are different ways to express concentration, including molarity, molality, mass percentage, mole fraction, and parts per million (ppm). Molarity is the most commonly used unit of concentration and is defined as the number of moles of solute present in one liter of solution. Molality is similar to molarity but is defined as the number of moles of solute present in one kilogram of solvent. Moreover, it is essential to accurately measure the concentration of solutions in various industrial processes such as pharmaceuticals, food production, and water treatment.

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The bond is a double covalent bond

The bond in the N2 molecule is a  double covalent bond. In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons to fill their outermost valence shells and achieve greater stability.

In the case of the N2 molecule, each nitrogen atom has five valence electrons, and they share three electrons with each other to form a triple covalent bond. This results in a stable N2 molecule, with each nitrogen atom having a full outer shell of eight electrons.

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450 grams of water are formed when 250g of ethane combusts with 300 g of oxygen.

Combustion, or burning, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical response among a fuel and an oxidant, generally atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, frequently gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke.

calculation:-

C₂H₆ + 7/2O₂ => 2CO₂ + 3H₂O

30 gram of ethane produce = 54 gram of water

250 gram of ethane produces  = 54/30 × 250

                                                     = 450 grams of water  

Combustion, a chemical reaction between materials, commonly consisting of oxygen and typically observed by way of the generation of heat and light in the form of flame. Combustion is the clinical phrase that burns. throughout a combustion response, the fabric reacts with oxygen from the air and contributes energy to the surroundings as light and warmth. the products of the reaction to combustion are referred to as oxides.

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we need to use the concept of stoichiometry.Therefore, we can conclude that 1 mole of Cl2 gas would be produced under standard conditions if 3,000 F are applied to the Downs cell.

The balanced chemical equation shows that 1 mole of Cl- reacts to produce 1/2 mole of Cl2 gas. This means that if we have 2 moles of Cl-, we can produce 1 mole of Cl2 gas.
We are given that 3,000 F is applied to the Downs cell, which is considered standard conditions. At standard conditions, 1 mole of any gas occupies a volume of 22.4 L. Therefore, we can calculate the number of moles of Cl2 gas produced using the ideal gas law:
PV = nR
where P is the pressure (1 atm at standard conditions), V is the volume (22.4 L per mole of gas), n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant (0.0821 L*atm/mol*K), and T is the temperature (in Kelvin, which is (273 + 1500) = 1773 K for 3,000 F).
Rearranging the equation to solve for n, we get:
n = PV/RT = (1 atm)(22.4 L)/(0.0821 L*atm/mol*K)(1773 K) = 1.00 moles of gas
we need to use the concept of stoichiometry.Therefore, we can conclude that 1 mole of Cl2 gas would be produced under standard conditions if 3,000 F are applied to the Downs cell.

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In general, solids become more soluble as the temperature increases. This is why sugar dissolves better in hot water than in cold water. The table shows three examples of the solubility (g of solute per 100 g water) of substances at different temperatures.

The equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to water (eow) is 259.9 Pa. assume that saturation vapor pressure is same as equilibrium vapor pressure.

Therefore, the RH at the frost point is  

RH = (eow / saturation vapor pressure) × 100

= (259.9 Pa / 259.9 Pa) × 100

= 100%

b) At T = -11 °C, we need to compare the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to water (eow) and the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to ice (coi) to determine if ice particles will form. From the given table, at T = -11 °C, the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to water (eow) is 237.7 Pa, and the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to ice (coi) is 165.3 Pa.

The air is supersaturated with respect to ice, and the presence of Kaolinite particles can provide surfaces for water droplets to condense onto, leading to the formation of ice particles.

c) At T = -12 °C, we compare the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to water (eow) and the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to ice (coi). From the given table, at T = -12 °C, the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to water (eow) is 217.3 Pa, and the equilibrium vapor pressure with respect to ice (coi) is 181.2 Pa.

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Answer:

d. forced migration

Explanation:

Certain hazardous occurrences affect living organisms in their natural habitat. One of those occurrences is forest fire. Forest fire or vegetation fire is an uncontrollable break out of fire in a vegetation, affecting the inhabitants of the area.

The occurrence of a forest fire will lead to a forced migration of organisms from their natural habitat. Animals and other mobile organisms will be forced to leave behind their devastating habitat and migrate to a less threatened area in order to survive.

Answer:

D

Explanation:

The guy above is correct but I’m saying this for those who don’t want an explanation

Answer:

C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O

Explanation:

Answer:

V₂ = 290.3 cm³

Explanation:

Given data:

Initial pressure = 882 KPa

Initial volume = 312 cm³

Final pressure = 948 KPa

Final volume = ?

Solution:

The given problem will be solved through the Boly's law,

"The volume of given amount of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure by keeping the temperature and number of moles constant"

Mathematical expression:

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

P₁ = Initial pressure

V₁ = initial volume

P₂ = final pressure

V₂ = final volume  

Now we will put the values in formula,

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

882 KPa× 312 cm³ = 948 KPa × V₂

V₂ = 882 KPa× 312 cm³/ 948 KPa

V₂ = 290.3 cm³