True or false questions?
Most metal elements are brittle and do not conduct electricity. True or False
Any element can be identified by counting the protons in its neucleus. True or False
All Earths matter is made from the combination of about 100 elements. True or false

Answer:

Explanation:

H+ = 1 X 10^-7.41 = 3.89 X 10^ -8

POH = 14-7.41 = 6.59

OH- = 1 x 10 ^-6.59 = 2.57 X 10^ -7

The [H+] and [OH−] concentrations of the solution are approximately 2.38 × 10^(-7) M, and the pOH is 6.59.

The pH of a solution is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions ([H+]) in the solution. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with a pH of 7 considered neutral. A pH of 7.41 indicates that the solution is slightly basic. To calculate the [H+], [OH−], and pOH of the solution, we can use the relationship:

pH + pOH = 14

Given that the pH is 7.41, we can subtract it from 14 to find the pOH:

pOH = 14 - 7.41 = 6.59

Since pH + pOH = 14, we can also determine the [OH−] by taking the antilogarithm of the pOH value:

[OH−] = 10^(-pOH)

[OH−] = 10^(-6.59)

[OH−] ≈ 2.38 × 10^(-7) M

Since the solution is neutral, the concentration of [H+] will be equal to the concentration of [OH−]:

[H+] = [OH−] ≈ 2.38 × 10^(-7) M

Therefore, the [H+] and [OH−] concentrations of the solution are approximately 2.38 × 10^(-7) M, and the pOH is 6.59.

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It takes 24.46 kJ of energy to melt 352 g of solid iodine and then heat the resulting liquid to 180°C.

As the fusion and solidification of a specific substance are completely different processes, the molar heats of fusion and solidification have the same numerical values but opposite signs.

To determine how much energy is needed to melt 352 g of solid iodine, then to heat the resulting liquid to 180°C,

We must first convert the 352 g of iodine we have to moles:352 g / 253.8 g/mol = 1.39 mol

Thus, the energy needed to melt 352 g of solid iodine is as follows:

1.39 mol × 16.7 kJ/mol = 23.2 kJ

The temperature difference is: 180°C - 114°C = 66°C

Thus, the energy needed to raise the liquid iodine's temperature to 180°C is:

352 g × 0.054 J/g°C × 66°C = 1257.8 J = 1.26 kJ

Energy needed to heat liquid iodine plus energy needed to melt solid iodine equals the total amount of energy needed.

= 23.2 kJ + 1.26 kJ

= 24.46 kJ

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A solution of 0.000259 M \(HCIO_4\) at 25°C has a pOH of 10.413. The answer is option (c).

A solution is a method for resolving a conflict or navigating a challenging circumstance. It provides a solution to a particular issue. Solutions frequently involve many players in the problem-solving process and are creative and collaborative.

Using the HClO₄ concentration, find pH of the solution.

HClO₄ is a powerful acid.

The chemical reaction is:

HClO₄(aq) -> H⁺(aq) + ClO₄⁻(aq)

H⁺ ion concentration in the solution is equivalent to HClO₄ concentration.

pH = -log[H⁺]

substitute H⁺ values:

pH = -log[0.000259]

pH = 3.585

calculated using the following equation:

[H⁺] = Ka x [HClO₄]

where Ka is the acid dissociation constant of HClO₄,

The pOH is determined by the negative logarithm of the concentration of hydroxide ions:

pOH = 14 - pH

substitute pH value

pOH = 14 - 3.585

pOH = 10.415

Therefore, A solution of 0.000259 M HClO₄ at 25°C has a pOH of 10.415.

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In writing a balanced  reaction equation, the number of atoms on the left hand side of the reaction equation must be the same as the number of atoms of the same particular element that we have on the right hand side of the reaction equation.

We know that is it common to try to depict what is going on in a reaction mixture on paper. This shows us how the reactants are converted into the products in the reaction. This depiction of the reaction on paper is called a a reaction equation.

The rule that governs the writing of chemical reaction equations is that the number of atoms of each of the elements that occurs on both sides of the reaction equation must be the same.

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Answer:

the pig's average speed is 7 m/s

The average speed of a moving body is the ratio of the distance travelled to the time of travel. Here, the speed of the pig running 46 meters in 6 seconds is 7.6 m/s.

The speed of an object is a physical quantity that measures the distance travelled by the object per unit time. Hence, it is the ratio of distance travelled to the  time taken for the travel. The rate of speed is called velocity. Bot are having the standard unit of m/s.

Given that,

distance covered by the pig = 46 meters

time taken = 6 seconds

speed  = distance/time.

Average speed of the pig = 46 meters/ 6 seconds = 7.6 m/s.

Therefore, if the small pig runs 46 meters in 6 seconds, it is having an average speed of 7.6 m/s.

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Answer:

The heat of vaporization describes how much energy is needed to separate these bonds. Water has a high heat of vaporization because hydrogen bonds form readily between the oxygen of one molecule and the hydrogens of other molecules. These bonds hold the molecules together.

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

Here, we want to get the result of zinc reacting with hydrochloric acid

When metallic elements react with hydrochloric acid, the metallic salt and hydrogen gas is formed

What happens in this scenario is that the hydrogen in the mineral acid is displaced by the metal to give the metallic salt and hydrogen gas.

In displacing the hydrogen, the metal must be higher in place than hydrogen in the activity or electrochemical series. Metals that are lesser in place than hydrogen will not be able to displace hydrogen and as such, there will be no reaction

In this present scenario, zinc is higher than hydrogen in the activity series. Thus, it is expected to displace the hydrogen. Thus, on reacting zinc metal with hydrochloric acid, zinc chloride salt and hydrogen gas are the products formed

We have the reaction equation as shown below:

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

Since we have to fill five subshells in moving from Og to the next noble gas in the eight period, we have to know the maximum electrons contained in each of those subshells;

s= 2, p=6, d= 10, f= 14, g = 18

This means that we need a total of 50 electrons to fill all the five subshells.

Hence, the element just below Sg in the eight period will have an atomic number of 156.

150 grams of NaOH is approximately equal to 2.256 x 10^24 particles of NaOH.

To convert grams of NaOH to particles of NaOH, we need to use the concept of molar mass and Avogadro's number. The molar mass of NaOH is calculated by adding the atomic masses of sodium (Na), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H) together. It can be determined as follows:

Na: 22.99 g/mol

O: 16.00 g/mol

H: 1.01 g/mol

Molar mass of NaOH = (22.99 g/mol) + (16.00 g/mol) + (1.01 g/mol) = 40.00 g/mol

Now, we can use the molar mass to convert grams of NaOH to moles. Since 1 mole contains Avogadro's number (approximately 6.022 x 10^23) particles, we can determine the number of particles as follows:

150 g NaOH * (1 mol NaOH / 40.00 g NaOH) * (6.022 x 10^23 particles / 1 mol NaOH) ≈ 2.256 x 10^24 particles

It's important to note that this calculation assumes the substance is pure NaOH and that the molar mass and Avogadro's number are accurate.

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Answer:

From the information provided, it seems likely that substance A is an acid, and substance B is a carbonate. The fact that mixing the two substances results in bubbles or effervescence, and that a clear solution is formed, suggests that a chemical reaction is taking place.

Acids and carbonates react together to form a salt, water, and carbon dioxide gas. The reaction is as follow:

Acid + Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

The carbon dioxide gas forms bubbles in the solution and causes effervescence, and the clear solution formed is due to the fact that both the acid and the carbonate have reacted together to form the salt and water. This reaction is acid-base neutralization reaction as the acid and base will neutralize each other.

As for the acid, since it is said that B gives pH 3 solution after dissolved, it can be inferred that it is not an acid, otherwise it would be acidic. Therefore A which is insoluble is the acid.

As for the gas given off, it's Carbon dioxide.

Explanation:

Explanation:

Alkali metal refers to group1 elements.

Alkali earth metal refers to group 2 elements.

Non metals refers to elements in grouos 4 to group 7.

Halogen refers to group 17 elements

Transition Metal refers to group 3 to group 12 elements

Noble gases refer to elements in group 18.

To obtain the group number from the electronic configuration, we calculate the total number of electrons in the principal quantum number (coefficient of the letters).

a. [Ne]3s1

Principal quantum number = 3

Number of electrons present = 1

This element belongs to group 1. It is an Alkali Metal.

b. [Ne]3s23p3

Principal quantum number = 3

Number of electrons present = 2 + 3 = 5

This element belongs to group 15 (5A). It is a Non metal

c. [Ar]4s23d104p5

Principal quantum number = 4

Number of electrons present = 2 + 5 = 7

This element belongs to group 17 (7A). It is an Halogen.

d. [Kr]5s24d1

This configuration belongs to the element yttrium and has an incomplete d shell. Hence it is a transition metal.

e. [Kr]5s24d105p6

Principal quantum number = 5

Number of electrons present = 2 + 6 = 8

This element belongs to group 18 (8A). It is a Noble gas.

Title: The First Amendment: Safeguarding Fundamental Freedoms

While all amendments are crucial, the First Amendment holds unparalleled significance in upholding the principles of liberty, equality, and democracy.

The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is undoubtedly the most important amendment as it safeguards fundamental freedoms that form the bedrock of a democratic society.

This amendment, which encompasses the rights of freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition, plays a vital role in protecting individual liberties and ensuring a just and inclusive society. There are three key reasons why the First Amendment stands out as the cornerstone of our democracy.

Firstly, freedom of speech allows citizens to express their ideas, opinions, and criticisms, fostering a robust marketplace of ideas essential for progress and social change. This right empowers individuals to challenge authority, hold public officials accountable, and engage in meaningful dialogue that drives societal progress.

Secondly, freedom of religion guarantees individuals the right to practice their faith without interference from the state. This principle promotes religious tolerance, diversity, and pluralism, creating a society where individuals can freely worship and live in accordance with their beliefs.

Lastly, freedom of the press ensures an informed citizenry by safeguarding independent journalism. A free press acts as a check on governmental power, exposes corruption, and provides essential information necessary for a functioning democracy.

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Answer:

the mass of 2.20 x 10^22 formula units of NaOH is 1.46 grams to three significant figures.

Explanation:

To calculate the mass of 2.20 x 10^22 formula units of NaOH, we can use the following steps:

Calculate the number of moles of NaOH:

Number of moles = Number of formula units / Avogadro's number

Number of moles = 2.20 x 10^22 / 6.022 x 10^23

Number of moles = 0.0365 mol

Calculate the mass of NaOH:

Mass = Number of moles x Molar mass

Mass = 0.0365 mol x 40.0 g/mol

Mass = 1.46 g

Therefore, the mass of 2.20 x 10^22 formula units of NaOH is 1.46 grams to three significant figures.

To convert the given number to regular notation, we have to move the decimal dot as many times as indicated by the exponent of 10. In this case, that exponent is -4, so we have to move the decimal dot 4 times to the left:

It means that the answer is 0.000875.

Answer:

21121.58 grams

Explanation:

Given, 9.96 times 10 to the power of 26 atoms of tellurium

Convert atoms into moles of tellurium,

As we know, 1 mol= 6.02 *10 to the power of 23 atoms

Hence, 9.96 *10 to the power of 26/ 6.02 *10 to the power of 23= 1654 moles of tellurium

Now, mass= molar mass*moles

As we know, tellurium has a molar mass of 127.6000 g/mol

Mass= 1654 *1277 g/mol

       = 21121.58

A 50.0 mL solution of 0.250 M HC₂H₃O₂ before and after adding 50 mL of 0.250 M NaOH has a pH of 2.87, the pH changes due to the formation of a buffer solution, which can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.

This problem requires us to calculate the pH of a buffer solution after the addition of a strong base. A buffer solution is one that resists pH changes when modest amounts of acid or base are added. The buffer system in this case is the weak acid, acetic acid (HC₂H₃O₂) and its conjugate base, acetate ion (C₂H₃O₂-).

Before the addition of NaOH, we have a solution of 0.250 M HC₂H₃O₂, which we can assume to be completely dissociated in water:

HC₂H₃O₂ + H₂O ⇌ H₃O+ + C₂H₃O₂-

HC₂H₃O₂ has a Ka value of 1.8 x 10-5. We can use this Ka value to calculate the equilibrium concentration of H3O+ and C₂H₃O₂- in the solution.

First, we need to calculate the initial concentrations of HC₂H₃O₂ and C₂H₃O₂-.

moles of HC₂H₃O₂ = 0.250 M × 0.0500 L = 0.0125 mol

moles of C₂H₃O₂- = 0 mol (since there is no NaOH added yet)

Since HC₂H₃O₂ is a weak acid, it only partially dissociates in water. The equilibrium concentrations of H₃O+ and C₂H₃O₂- can be calculated using the Ka expression:

Ka = [H₃O+][C₂H₃O₂-]/[HC₂H₃O₂]

We can assume that the initial concentration of H3O+ is negligible compared to the amount that will be produced by the dissociation of HC₂H₃O₂, so we can simplify the expression to:

Ka = [H₃O+]²/[HC₂H₃O₂]

[H₃O+]² = Ka × [HC₂H₃O₂]

[H₃O+]² = 1.8 × 10⁻⁵ × 0.0125

[H₃O+] = 1.34 × 10⁻³ M

Now that we know the equilibrium concentration of H₃O+, we can use the pH formula to calculate the pH:

pH = -log[H₃O+]

pH = -log(1.34 × 10⁻³)

pH = 2.87

This is the pH of the buffer solution before the addition of NaOH.

Next, we add 50 mL of 0.250 M NaOH to the solution. NaOH is a strong base, so it completely dissociates in water to produce OH- ions:

NaOH → Na+ + OH-

The OH- ions will react with the acetate ions in the buffer solution to form water and acetate ions:

OH- + C₂H₃O₂- → H₂O + C₂H₃O₂-

This reaction will consume some of the acetate ions in the buffer solution, causing the equilibrium to shift to the left to produce more acetate ions.

To calculate the new concentrations of H₃O+ and C₂H₃O₂-, we need to use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log([C₂H₃O₂-]/[HC₂H₃O₂])

where pKa = -log(Ka), [C₂H₃O₂-] is the equilibrium concentration of acetate ions, and [HC₂H₃O₂] is the equilibrium concentration of acetic acid.

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Answer:

NaHCO3 + HCl = NaCl + H2O + CO2

Explanation:

The total number of atoms of each element on either side of the equation must be equal.

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The nervous system sends signals, or in this case, impulses to parts of your body that direct them to move.

The correct answer is 76.9 g of \(Cl_{2}\) is required to react with 19.5 g of \(Al\). Therefore, the correct option is: 76.9 g.

What is Atomic Mass?

Atomic mass, also known as atomic weight or relative atomic mass, is a measure of the mass of an atom of a chemical element. It is expressed in atomic mass units (amu) or unified atomic mass units (u). Atomic mass is a weighted average mass of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element, taking into account their relative abundances.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:

\(2Al\) (s) + 3\(Cl_{2}\) (g) → \(Al_{2}\)\(Cl_{6}\)

From the equation, we can see that the molar ratio between \(Al\)and Cl2 is 2:3. This means that 2 moles of \(Al\) react with 3 moles of \(Cl_{2}\)

To find out how many grams of \(Cl_{2}\) are required to react with 19.5 g of \(Al\) we need to convert the given mass of \(Al\) to moles using its molar mass, and then use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to calculate the amount of \(Cl_{2}\).

The molar mass of \(Al\) is 27 g/mol, and the molar mass of \(Cl_{2}\) is 2 * 35.45 g/mol = 70.9 g/mol.

Moles of \(Al\)= Mass of \(Al\)/ Molar mass of\(Al\)

Moles of \(Al\) = 19.5 g / 27 g/mol ≈ 0.722 mol

According to the mole ratio from the balanced equation, 2 moles of \(Al\)react with 3 moles of \(Cl_{2} .\)

Moles of \(Cl_{2}\)= Moles of \(Al\) * (3 moles of \(Cl_{2}\) / 2 moles of \(Al\))

Moles of \(Cl_{2}\) = 0.722 mol * (3/2) ≈ 1.083 mol

Now, we can convert moles of \(Cl_{2}\) to grams using its molar mass.

Mass of\(Cl_{2}\) = Moles of \(Cl_{2}\) * Molar mass of \(Cl_{2}\)

Mass of\(Cl_{2}\) = 1.083 mol * 70.9 g/mol ≈ 76.9 g

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The final value for the enthalpy change of the formation of CO2 and 2H2O from their elements (C, H2, and O2) would be -1410 kJ per mole of CO2 and 2 moles of H2O formed.

The enthalpy change (ΔH) for the reaction CO2 + 2H2O → H2CO3 can be calculated by multiplying the stoichiometric coefficients of the balanced equation by the enthalpy values of the corresponding compounds involved in the reaction.

In the given reaction, the enthalpy change is -1410 kJ. However, it's important to note that this enthalpy change corresponds to a specific reaction and may not directly apply to the formation of CO2 and 2H2O from another reaction or process.

If we assume that the reaction is the formation of one mole of CO2 and two moles of H2O, we can say that the enthalpy change for this specific formation reaction is -1410 kJ.

Therefore, the final value for the enthalpy change of the formation of CO2 and 2H2O from their elements (C, H2, and O2) would be -1410 kJ per mole of CO2 and 2 moles of H2O formed.

It's worth mentioning that the enthalpy change can vary depending on the specific conditions (temperature, pressure, etc.) and the reactants involved in the reaction. Therefore, it's crucial to specify the conditions and reaction context when referring to enthalpy values.

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The statement "Each member of a homologous series differs from its nearest neighbors by 14 amu" is true of members about a homologous series.

In organic chemistry, a homologous series unveils itself as a sequential assembly of compounds exhibiting an identical functional group, boasting akin chemical traits. Within this series, the constituents can either sport a branched or unbranched structure, or deviate through the molecular formula of CH2 and a molecular mass variation of 14u.

This divergence may manifest as the elongation of a carbon chain, as observed in the linear alkanes (paraffins), or as the augmentation in the count of monomers forming a homopolymer, such as amylose.

The entities belonging to a homologous series typically embrace a fixed assortment of functional groups, thereby conferring upon them resemblant chemical and physical characteristics.

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Answer:

Energy released by 1 g of U-235 = 7.603 * 10¹⁰ J

Explanation:

Uranium-235, U-235 undergoes neutron-induced fission to give the following products:

1 neutron + ²³⁵U --> ¹⁴¹Ba + ⁹²Kr + 3 neutrons

Masses of reactants and products:

neutron = 1.009 amu, uranium-235 = 235.044 amu, Ba-141 = 140.910 amu, Kr-92 = 91.910 amu

mass defect = mass of reactants - mass of products

mass defect = (235.044 + 1.009) - (140.910 + 91.910 + 3 * 1.009)

mass defect = 236.053 - 235.847 = 0.206 amu

1 amu = 1.6 * 10⁻²⁷ kg

Using E = mc²

E = 0.206 * 1.6* 10⁻²⁷ kg * (3 * 10⁸ m/s)² = 2.966 * 10⁻¹¹ J

therefore, 1 atom of U-235 releases 2.966 * 10⁻¹¹ J of energy

energy released by 1 g of U-235 can be calculated as follows:

1 mole or 253 g  of U-235 contains 6.02 * 10³ atoms

1 g of U-235 will contain 6.02 * 10³/235 = 2.563 * 10²¹ atoms

Energy released by 1 g of U-235 = 2.563 * 10²¹ * 2.966 * 10⁻¹¹ J = 7.603 * 10¹⁰ J

Answer:

The 5s subshell is partially filled in the ground-state rhodium atom

Explanation:

The filling up of electrons in the atom of an element follows the Aufbau principle.

Aufbau principle states that electrons fill electron shells around atoms according to the energy level with those of lower energy levels filled first. This means that electron shells and subshells around atoms start filling up with electrons first since their energy levels progressively increases, except in some cases where an outer shell has a low energy level and partly fills up before an inner shell is full.

These exceptions are based on the fact that half-full or full shells or subshells are more stable than partially filled ones. When there is small or negligible difference in energy levels between two subshells, an electron may move to the higher level shell to fill or half-fill it thereby conferring stability to the atom. These exceptions are common in elements with higher atomic number as the differences in energy levels become smaller. An example is the rhodium atom.

Rhodium atoms have 45 electrons and the shell structure is  2,8,18,16,1.  The ground state electron configuration of ground state gaseous neutral rhodium atom is [Kr],4d85s1. The inner 4d and the outermost 5s subshells are partially filled.

strontium sulfate (s) + lithium iodide (aq)  →  strontium iodide (aq) and lithium sulfate (aq).

The reaction between strontium sulfate (SrSO4) and lithium iodide (LiI) can be represented by the following balanced chemical equation:

SrSO4 (s) + 2 LiI (aq) → SrI2 (aq) + Li2SO4 (aq)

In this reaction, strontium sulfate (SrSO4) in its solid state reacts with lithium iodide (LiI) in its aqueous state to produce strontium iodide (SrI2) and lithium sulfate (Li2SO4), both in their aqueous forms. The reaction can be understood by examining the ionic compounds involved. Strontium sulfate dissociates into strontium ions (Sr2+) and sulfate ions (SO4^2-), while lithium iodide dissociates into lithium ions (Li+) and iodide ions (I^-). The ions then rearrange to form the products, with strontium combining with iodide to form strontium iodide, and lithium combining with sulfate to form lithium sulfate. It's important to note that this reaction occurs in an aqueous solution, indicating that lithium iodide is dissolved in water. The solid strontium sulfate reacts with the aqueous lithium iodide to produce the aqueous products. This reaction demonstrates the chemical combination of the ions present in strontium sulfate and lithium iodide to form different ionic compounds.

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Answer:

D.) 2 H₂ + O₂ -----> 2 H₂O

Explanation:

An equation is balanced when there is an equal amount of each element on both sides of the reaction. If these amounts are unequal, coefficients can be added to modify the amount of particular molecules.

A.) Not balanced

2 H₂ + 2 O₂ -----> H₂O

Reactants: 4 hydrogen, 4 oxygen

Products: 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen

B.) Not balanced

2 H₂ + 2 O₂ -----> 2 H₂O

Reactants: 4 hydrogen, 4 oxygen

Products: 4 hydrogen, 2 oxygen

C.) Not balanced

H₂ + O₂ -----> H₂O

Reactants: 2 hydrogen, 2 oxygen

Products: 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen

D.) Balanced

2 H₂ + O₂ -----> 2 H₂O

Reactants: 4 hydrogen, 2 oxygen

Products: 4 hydrogen, 2 oxygen

Answer:

The answer is ligament

Explanation:

Hope that helps!

Answer:

Br-CH2-CH(CH3)2-C(Cl)H-CH(CH3)2-CHO

Explanation:

The molecule has a total of 14 carbon atoms, 13 hydrogen atoms, and 1 bromine atom. The carbon atoms are arranged in a chain with a methyl group attached to the second carbon atom, a chlorine atom attached to the third carbon atom, and two methyl groups attached to the fourth carbon atom. The fifth carbon atom has a carbonyl group attached to it.

The molecule is an aldehyde, which means that it has a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of the chain. The carbonyl group is polar, and the oxygen atom has a partial negative charge. The hydrogen atom has a partial positive charge. This polarity makes the aldehyde group susceptible to nucleophilic attack.

The bromine and chlorine atoms are both electrophilic, which means that they have a partial positive charge. This makes them susceptible to nucleophilic attack.

The methyl groups are non-polar and do not have any significant reactivity.

The molecule is a chiral molecule, which means that it has a mirror image that is not superimposable on itself. This is because the carbon atom with the carbonyl group is attached to four different groups.

The molecule is a liquid at room temperature and has a strong odor. It is used in a variety of products, including perfumes, flavorings, and plastics.

The glass opposite to the negative electrode started to glow. Hence, option B is correct.

A cathode-ray tube (CRT) is a specialized vacuum tube in which images are produced when an electron beam strikes a phosphorescent surface.

J.J. Thomson, through his famous Cathode ray experiment, proved that all atoms contain small negatively charged particles known as electrons. In the experiment, he applied electric voltage across a cathode ray tube. a fluorescent material coating was done on the positive side. When the voltage was applied, the positive side has glowing dots.

Hence, option B is correct.

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Answer:

its b

Explanation: