The most important responsibility facing the Second Continental Congress was to a. convince the colonists of the necessity for war. b. find a strong political leader for the nation. c. win loyalty from the Indians. d. organize the colonies for war.
Answers
The most important responsibility facing the Second Continental Congress was to organize the colonies for war. The correct answer is option D.
What was the Second Continental Congress?
The Second Continental Congress was a meeting of the representatives of the Thirteen British North American colonies, which initially met on May 10, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It succeeded the First Continental Congress, which had convened in Philadelphia's Carpenter's Hall on September 5, 1774.
A few important decisions of the Second Continental Congress are:
The Continental Army was established to defend the colonies, and George Washington was named commander-in-chief. The Congress issued the Olive Branch Petition, a final attempt to avert war, on July 8, 1775. The Congress also established an alliance with France in 1778. The Congress issued the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, severing ties with Great Britain.Therefore from the above conclusion we can say that option D is correct answer.
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Related Questions
What does Buddhism have in common with many other religions, such as Islam and Christianity?
Group of answer choices
They all believe in a supreme god.
They all have sacred writings in a book.
They all developed from Hinduism.
They can all trace the date of their founding.
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Which labor union in the United States has the most members?
Answers
Answer:
Education Association of the United States. They have 2,731,419 members
Explanation:
What are the mysteries of the Cahokia and Teotihuacán
Answers
Cahokia and Teotihuacán are two ancient civilizations that have left behind fascinating archaeological sites, yet they still hold many mysteries and unanswered questions. Here are some of the mysteries surrounding Cahokia and Teotihuacán:
1. Cahokia:
Cahokia, located near present-day St. Louis, Missouri, was once the largest city in North America during the Mississippian culture (900-1500 CE). Despite its prominence, there are still enigmatic aspects of Cahokia's civilization. One mystery revolves around the purpose and function of the massive earthen mounds found at the site. These mounds, such as Monk's Mound, were monumental structures that served various purposes, including ceremonial, residential, and administrative. However, the exact rituals and activities conducted on these mounds remain uncertain.
Another mystery is the decline and abandonment of Cahokia. By the 14th century, the city's population dwindled, and it was eventually abandoned. The reasons behind this decline are still debated among scholars. Possible factors include environmental changes, political instability, social conflicts, or the spread of diseases. Unraveling the specific causes of Cahokia's decline would shed light on the factors that shaped the fate of this once-thriving civilization.
2. Teotihuacán:
Teotihuacán, located near modern-day Mexico City, was one of the largest and most influential cities in ancient Mesoamerica. Its monumental architecture, including the Pyramid of the Sun and the Pyramid of the Moon, reflects the city's grandeur. However, much about Teotihuacán remains a mystery. One enigma is the identity of its rulers and the nature of its political organization. Despite extensive archaeological research, no clear evidence of kings or a centralized ruling system has been found.
Another mystery is the purpose and symbolism behind the elaborate murals and iconography found throughout the city. The meanings behind the intricate frescoes and carvings are still not fully understood, leaving room for interpretation and speculation.
Additionally, the collapse of Teotihuacán is another unresolved mystery. Around the 7th century CE, the city experienced a decline and eventual abandonment. The causes of this collapse, such as social unrest, environmental factors, or external invasions, are still subjects of ongoing research and debate.
Studying and uncovering the mysteries of Cahokia and Teotihuacán is an ongoing endeavor that involves archaeological investigations, interdisciplinary research, and the analysis of cultural and historical contexts. By piecing together the fragments of these ancient civilizations, we can gain a deeper understanding of their complexities and the factors that shaped their rise and fall
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Was it a mistake to go to war in Korea? If you were President of the United States in the 1950s, would you have sent troops into Korea to fight against the north? Explain your reasoning.
Answers
Answer:
No, they did the right thing and had it easily until China stuck it's nose it, they should not have let China push them back, but it wasn't so simple.
Explanation:
what is the best Christian band
Answers
Answer:
Skillet Skillet is an American Christian rock band formed in Memphis, Tennessee in 1996 and based in the United States. ...
Red Red is an American rock band from Nashville, Tennessee, formed in 2002 by brothers guitarist Anthony Armstrong and bassist Randy Armstrong, with lead vocalist Michael Barnes.
Explanation:
The Michigan Department of Corrections (MDOC) barred males from working inces. tain positions at its female prisons. MDOC designated approximately 250 positions in housing units at female prisons as "female only." The duties of these employees in the housing units include patrolling the sleeping, shower, and bathroom areas; attending to the basic needs of women prisoners (including the provision of sanitary supplies): monitoring activity in the living quarters; enforcing housing rules and procedures; and ensuring that proper standards of care and hygiene are maintained. The court ruled that this policy did not constitute illegal discrimination on the basis of gender. It concluded that because of the endemic problem of sexual abuse in female prisons, MDOC's plan is reasonably necessary to the normal operation of its female prisons. Discuss what aspect of the justice theory this case illustrates. 6. Phillis Dewitt was a valuable employee at Proctor Hospital, who was described as an "outstanding clinical manager who consistently goes the extra mile." Phillis and her husband, Anthony, were covered under Proctor's health insurance plan. Throughout Phillis's tenure at Proctor. Anthony suffered from prostate cancer and received expensive medical care. His covered medical expenses were paid by Proctor, which was partially self-insured. It paid for members' covered medical costs up to $250.000 per year. Anything above this "stop-loss" figure was covered by an insurance policy. Since Proctor was self-insured, it took a keen interest in the medical claims submitted by its employees. On several occasion, over a six-month period, Mary Jane Davis (Dewitt's supervisor) confronted Dewitt about Anthony's high medical claims and told Dewitt that a committee was reviewing the medical expenses because they were unusually high. (Over a three-year period, his medical claims averaged over $100,000 per year.) Soon thereafter, Davis organized a meeting for Proctor's clinical managers. She informed the employees that Proctor faced financial troubles, which, according to Davis, required a "creative" effort to cut costs. Three months later, Proctor fired Phillis and designated her as "ineligible to be rehired in the future." When Phillis sued Proctor for association discrimination, the court concluded that the claim could proceed to a jury trial because there was evidence to suggest that Anthony's continued cancer treatment was an important factor in Proctor's decision to terminate Phillis. What ethical theory might justify Proctor's decision to terminate a valued employee like Phillis? Explain.
Answers
The aspect of justice theory that the first case illustrates is retributive justice.
Retributive justice is a theory of justice that focuses on punishment as a response to wrongdoing. In this case, the court ruled that the Michigan Department of Corrections' policy of barring males from certain positions in female prisons was justified due to the endemic problem of sexual abuse in female prisons. The policy was deemed reasonably necessary to maintain the normal operation of the prisons and ensure the safety and well-being of the female prisoners. This decision aligns with retributive justice as it seeks to address and prevent harm in the correctional system.
For the second case, the ethical theory that might justify Proctor's decision to terminate Phillis is
Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that emphasizes maximizing overall happiness or well-being for the greatest number of people. In this case, Proctor was facing financial troubles and took a keen interest in the high medical claims submitted by its employees, including Phillis' husband Anthony. By terminating Phillis, who was associated with high medical expenses, Proctor may have believed that it was making a necessary cost-cutting measure to alleviate its financial burdens. From a utilitarian perspective, this decision may be seen as justifiable if it benefits the overall well-being of the organization and its employees.
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PLEASE PLEASE HELP
Which of the following conclusions can be supported by the information in this chart? (4 points)
Voting Rates (in percent) by Educational Attainment and Age Groups: 2008
18 to 24 years
25 to 44 years
45 to 64 years
65 years and older
Less than high school
27.0
29.2
40.3
51.9
High school graduate
39.9
44.8
61.1
68.5
Some college or associate's degree
56.6
63.8
74.3
79.1
Bachelor's degree or more
70.2
76.7
81.1
82.0
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, November 2008
Group of answer choices
Education level was a significant factor in the outcome of the 2008 election.
Increasing access to higher education will decrease citizens' participation in government.
Decreasing the drop-out rate among high school students will positively affect voting rates.
Participation in elections increases as education level increases across all age groups.
Answers
Which stoic was physically disabled? A Zeno B Seneca Epictetus D Caligula
Answers
The answer is (c). The stoic Epictetus was physically incapable.
What impairment did Epictetus have?Stockdale undoubtedly recalled that Epictetus had a handicapped limb, which was probably broken by his master although there is little assurance surrounding this, as he would be restrained in leg irons.
What is the legacy of Epictetus?Epictetus was a Stoic philosopher who lived from around 50 to 130 CE. He is best known for his books The Enchiridion (the handbook) and his Discourses, which are both considered to have been written down from his teachings by his student Arrian.
Who or what is a stoic?There is more to stoicism than just helping people become tough and composed in the face of tragedy and sorrow. Stoics are defined as "those who can tolerate pain or misfortune without displaying their feelings or complaining" in the modern world.
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Put these in oerder from smallest to largest.
help asap pls
Answers
From the smallest to the largest, the populate size for the various countries, given the exponents are as follows;
Belarus 9.5 × 10⁶
Uzbekistan 3.2 × 10⁷
Italy 6.1 × 10⁷
Indonesia 2.6 × 10⁸
What does the number and the exponent signify when calculating the population size?
To put the population size in order, we need to compare the exponents of 10. The number with the smallest exponent is the smallest number, and the number with the largest exponent is the largest number.
In this case, the smallest exponent is 6, so Belarus is the smallest number. The next smallest exponent is 7, so Uzbekistan is the next smallest number.
The next largest exponent is 7, so Italy is the next largest number.
The largest exponent is 8, so Indonesia is the largest number.
Belarus 9.5 × 10⁶ (9,500,000)
Uzbekistan 3.2 × 10⁷ (32,000,000)
Italy 6.1 × 10⁷ (61,000,000)
Indonesia 2.6 × 10⁸ (260,000,000)
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using this document as a guide, which of the following describe gregory vii's position as it relates to his conflict with henry iv? check all that apply.
Answers
Papal Supremacy: Gregory VII believed in the supremacy of the papacy and the authority of the Church over secular rulers. He argued for the independence and autonomy of the Church from secular interference, particularly in matters of church governance and the appointment of bishops.
Investiture Controversy: Gregory VII's conflict with Henry IV revolved around the investiture controversy. He opposed the traditional practice where secular rulers, including Henry IV, asserted the right to appoint bishops and invest them with symbols of their office. Gregory VII sought to reclaim this power for the papacy, contending that the authority to appoint bishops ultimately rested with the Church.
Spiritual Power: Gregory VII emphasized the spiritual power of the papacy and the importance of the pope's role as the Vicar of Christ on Earth. He saw the pope as the ultimate authority in religious matters and believed that the spiritual well-being of the Church and its members should be free from the control and manipulation of secular rulers.
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Which is the best example of a thesis statement for a literary analysis?
1.Apollo 11 is the name of the 1969 space mission that put the first humans on the moon.
2.Samuel Chang, in his novel Lunar Discovery, captures well the suspense of the Apollo 11 moon landing.
3.Lunar Discovery, by Samuel Chang, is a novel about the Apollo 11 space mission to the moon.
4.The Apollo 11 space mission was one of the most important historical events of th
Answers
The answer is 4 if so dont blame me
Without the debates between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists, what would be missing from the Constitution?
Answers
Answer: D. Written individual rights
Explanation: I got it right on FLVS
The debates between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists were beneficial because, Without a bill of rights, the Constitution would not be able to sufficiently protect the rights of individuals and the states.
Federalists felt that a more powerful central government would strengthen ties between states and contribute to building a "more perfect union," as the Constitution put it. On the other hand, anti-federalists were concerned that a federal government with more authority would be more prone to tyranny.
The Federalists and the Anti-Federalists have four things in common: they both believe in individual rights and liberties; they both fear tyranny; they both want to establish a stable and effective government; and they both want to establish a government that serves the needs of the people.
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the women's rights movement fractured along racial lines because?
Answers
The women's rights movement fractured along racial lines primarily due to differing experiences and priorities shaped by the intersecting dynamics of race, gender, and class.
The mainstream women's suffrage movement in the United States was predominantly led by white women who focused primarily on securing voting rights for themselves.Women of color, particularly Black women, faced additional layers of discrimination and oppression stemming from racial inequality.The experiences of women of color, including the harsh realities of racism and segregation, led them to advocate for broader social justice issues beyond suffrage alone. They recognized that the fight for gender equality must also address the systemic racism and racial violence faced by communities of color.The mainstream suffrage movement often marginalized or excluded women of color, reinforcing racial divisions within the broader struggle for women's rights. The emphasis on a single-issue agenda and the prioritization of the concerns of white women created a division and limited the ability to build a united front.The fracturing of the women's rights movement along racial lines highlights the importance of intersectionality in understanding social justice movements. It underscores the need for recognizing and addressing the distinct experiences and challenges faced by different groups of women based on their racial identities, in order to foster a more inclusive and comprehensive movement for gender equality.For more such questions on women's rights movement
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Yo shawty pls help you are a real one fr if you do
Answers
Answer:
i dont know what video its talking about but here are 5 things about fort sumter :)
1 located in south carolina
2 some of the first shots of the civil war were fired there
3 it was originally a coastal garrison
4 confederate soldiers occupied it for 4 years
5 after the civil war it was used by the us military in the spanish-american war
Explanation:
Answer:
Should have watched the video. Send link to vid then we all watch and then answer. All of brainly has absolutely no idea what video that is.
Explanation:
ONE way in which rapid urbanization negatively affected American society at the turn of the 20th Century.
Answers
Answer:
Effects of Urbanization in America: Rapid growth and lack of planning led to inadequate basic facilities and services Effects of Urbanization in America: Pollution and poor sanitation led to deadly epidemics in the towns an cities. A major reason for the rise of the Conservation Movement.
Explanation
who promised the little girl to obey anything she commanded? her mother the king of england the lord general the soldiers
Answers
Oliver Cromwell promised the little girl to obey anything she commanded. Because the young girl reminded his mother so he obeyed her words.
Oliver was famous for being Lord Protector of the Commonwealth works of England, Scotland, and Ireland after the defeat of King Charles I in the Civil War. He was one of the main witnesses of Charles I's death contract. After the implementation of King Charles I's death, Cromwell ruled the Commonwealth of England.
Oliver Cromwell was a Parliamentary leader during the British Civil Wars and subsequently evolved Lord Protector. He is a born cavalry authority, he played a crucial part in Parliament's accomplishments at the Battles of Marston.
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The statement below is from Executive Order 10924, President John F. Kennedy, March 1, 1961.
The Peace Corps shall be responsible for
the training and service abroad of men
and women of the United States in new
programs of assistance to nations and
areas of the world, and in conjunction
with…other international organizations.
What opportunities does the executive order create for citizens and the government?
A.
to provide for the common defense
B.
to establish domestic tranquility
C.
to advance the common good
D.
to administer justice
Answers
Answer:
The statement below is from Executive Order 10924, President John F. Kennedy, March 1, 1961. The Peace Corps shall be responsible for the training and service abroad of men and women of the United States in new programs of assistance to nations and areas of the world, and in conjunction with...
Explanation:
Answer:
C
Explanation:
to advance common good
how did the idea of manifest destiny influence american western migration
Answers
Answer:
America's westward migration was affected by the notion of Manifest Destiny because it boosted the probability of that migration. It made America more likely to expand territorially.
According to the doctrine of "Manifest Destiny," Americans were generally superior to other people in a number of respects. They were claimed to have a superior religion, superior culture, and superior style of government. They were allegedly predestined by God to increase their area for these reasons.
The migration westward was influenced by this mentality. First, it contributed to the enlargement of US territory. It encouraged the idea that America deserved all of that land more than the Mexicans did, which contributed to the outbreak of the Mexican-American War. They believed it was acceptable to steal the territory from Mexico because it was part of America's divinely appointed destiny. As American settlers pushed west, they treated the Indians with the same mindset. Indians were supposed to be so beneath humans that they didn't deserve to live on the land. They were to be relocated, and the land was to be given to the Americans who earned it and would properly utilize it.
In these ways, the notion of "Manifest Destiny" contributed to the US's westward expansion.
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Why did the Atlantic slave trade end?
Answers
How did the slave trade ends?
In 1807, the British government passed an Act of Parliament abolishing the slave trade throughout the British Empire. Slavery itself would persist in the British colonies until its final abolition in 1838. However, abolitionists would continue campaigning against the international trade of slaves after this date.
When did the Atlantic slave trade begin to decline?
1860s The Atlantic slave trade was abolished over a 30-year period ending with Portugal's 1836 ban on slave trading. But legal abolition did not end the still profitable trade. It continued illegally well into the 19th century.
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Why did the colonists believe they should not be taxed by Parliament?
(60 points)
Answers
The colonists felt that they should only be taxed by their own colonial assemblies, where they were directly represented. They believed that this was a fundamental right of Englishmen, which was enshrined in the Magna Carta and other English legal traditions. The colonists saw themselves as loyal British subjects, but they also believed that their rights as Englishmen were being violated by the actions of Parliament.
This belief was a major factor in the lead-up to the American Revolution, as the colonists began to resist British taxation and other policies that they saw as infringing on their rights. The slogan "no taxation without representation" became a rallying cry for the colonists and a symbol of their resistance to British rule.
how did the food administration help to ensure that troops had enough food overseas?
Answers
PLEASE HELP ASAP !!! In the unit review you wrote a statement in which you explain whether you considered government under the Roman republic or government under the Roman empire to be more successful NY elaborate on the statement by writing an essay in which you evaluate the success of Roman republic and Roman empire
Answers
The Roman Republic was successful in maintaining stability and promoting republican values, while the Roman Empire was successful in expanding its territory and promoting Roman culture. I will agree that Roman Empire was more successful that
An essay evaluating the success of Roman republic and Roman empire:The Roman Republic and the Roman Empire are two of the most well-known and influential periods in human history. Both periods have had a lasting impact on the world, and their legacy can still be felt today. In this essay, we will evaluate the success of both the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire.
The Roman Republic was established in 509 BCE, after the overthrow of the Etruscan monarchy. The Republic was based on a system of checks and balances, with two consuls sharing power, and a Senate acting as an advisory body.
The Roman Empire was established in 27 BCE, after the end of the Roman Republic. The Empire was characterized by its strong central government, with the emperor holding absolute power. The Empire was marked by its extensive conquests, its infrastructure projects, and its promotion of Roman culture.
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A bag of sweets contains mints and toffees only, There are 21 mints in the bag and quarter of the sweets are toffees. Calculate the total number of sweets
Answers
Answer:
21 +5.25 = 26.25
Explanation:
21 divided by 4
5.25
How did the emergent consumer culture change what it meant to be ""American"" at the turn of the century?
Answers
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although there are no options attached, we can say that the emergent consumer culture changed what it meant to be "American" at the turn of the century in that it represented the rise of many big consumer companies such as "Sears," that turned American people into a consumerism society. The two basic ways in which these new companies tried to sell goods to US citizens were by mail orders or directly in the stores. It was a time in which stores offered many unnecessary things to the American consumer, mostly for leisure time. Those years were the beginning of large retail stores such as Macy's, Marshall Fields, Gimbel's, or Woolworth. It was also a time in which people bought many things on credit. They bought cars, furniture, and home electronics. For instance, that was the case of what was known as the "Roaring 1920s."
Have you heard of the Northwest Indian War? If not, why might this be?
Why do you think the Northwest Indian War has become one of America's "forgotten wars?"
How might the memory of the war be very different from the perspective of Indigenous Americans and how might we represent those experiences today?
Answers
Yes, I have heard of the Northwest Indian War. It has become one of America's "forgotten wars" as it was overshadowed by the American Revolution, it did not involve any major battles, and it was part of a larger struggle for control of the West.
The war memory may be different from Indigenous Americans perspective as it represented a part of long struggle against colonization and forced displacement.
The Northwest Indian War took place between 1785 and 1795 and was fought between Native American tribes and the United States over control of the Northwest Territory. The Northwest Indian War has become one of America's "forgotten wars" for a variety of reasons.
First, it was overshadowed by the American Revolution, which had just ended when the war began. Second, the war did not involve any major battles or heroic figures that captured the public's imagination. Third, it was part of a larger struggle for control of the West that continued for decades, so it was not seen as a decisive conflict in its own right.The memory of the war would likely be very different from the perspective of Indigenous Americans. For them, the war was part of a long history of resistance to colonization and forced displacement. The war represented a threat to their way of life and their very survival, and its consequences were felt long after the fighting ended.
Today, we can represent those experiences by acknowledging the contributions and sacrifices of Indigenous people in the conflict, highlighting their perspectives and experiences, and working to address the ongoing legacy of colonization and oppression. We can also work to elevate Indigenous voices in our historical narratives and promote greater understanding and respect for their cultures and histories.
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What 4 powers did the League have to enforce its decisions?
Answers
The League of Nations had four powers to enforce its decisions. Firstly, it had the power to diplomatically impose economic sanctions, such as the embargo of arms and raw materials.
Secondly, it had the power to send a commission of inquiry to investigate disputes between member states. Thirdly, it had the power to deploy international forces to mediate disputes and protect endangered populations.
Fourthly, the League had the power to organize international conferences to settle disputes. This was particularly effective in the 1920s, when the League organized conferences to settle disputes in the Middle East and Central America.
The League’s powers were limited, however, and were often ineffective in preventing or settling conflicts between member states. Furthermore, they could not be used without the approval of the League’s Council, which was often slow to act.
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In relation to Rwanda and the Rwandan genocide, explain the difference between the Hutus and Tutsis.
Look at the cultural differences between the two groups.
Include specific details or a quote from the film/transcript.
Also include the legacy of colonialism and the end of colonialism with Belgium.
(250 words)
Answers
The main difference between Hutu and Tutsis was primarily social; made up the upper, more powerful class of society, while made up the lower, less prosperous class.
2. In general, they were an agrarian people that lived in sizable family units. The Tutsis, often referred to as Wasuis, were a nomadic tribe that started migrating from Ethiopia to the Great Lakes region around 400 years ago.
The Hutu's kinship and clan structure, as well as the significance of livestock, are undoubtedly derived from culture.
The Hutu and Tutsis have similar theological views, which include variants of animism and (modern) Christianity.
3. A quote from Transcript-
By Maj. BRENT BEARDSLEY, Military Assistant to Gen. Dallaire:
This was ordinary men, women and children, and the only reason that they were killed was because they were Tutsi.
4. The legacy Of Colonialism in Belgium-
In Rwanda, the colonial occupation by the Belgians was even more pervasive.The colonial rulers' racialization of the distinctions between Hulu, and Tulsi had the longest-lasting impact.In 1962, Rwanda won its independence from Belgium, but racial shed blighted the post-colonial era.End of Colonialism with Belgium-
Under UN supervision, Belgium gave the two nations complete independence on July 1st, 1962. The majority MDR-Parmehulu, which had seized complete control of national politics, established Rwanda as a republic.To know more about Colonialism visit:
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In 1492, European land routes to Asia
A) were not clearly established.
B) were just beginning to be traveled.
C) took weeks or months to travel.
D) took only days to travel.
Answers
Answer:
C. Took weeks or months to travel
Answer:
c took weeks or months to travel
Explanation:
i took a test
Explain to what extent the idea and action of malcom x ,stokely carmichael and black panther party gave african americans a new source of identity in the united states of americans during 1960s
Answers
During the 1960s, the ideas and actions of Malcolm X, Stokely Carmichael, and the Black Panther Party had a significant impact on the African American community in the United States, giving them a new sense of identity and empowerment.
Malcolm X was a prominent figure in the civil rights movement, advocating for Black Nationalism and self-defense in response to racial discrimination and violence. His call for self-reliance and self-determination resonated with many African Americans who felt disillusioned with the nonviolent tactics of mainstream civil rights organizations such as the NAACP.Stokely Carmichael, a leader in the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), coined the term "Black Power" in 1966, which became a rallying cry for black empowerment and self-determination. The idea was to build a political and economic power base within the African American community and assert their rights as citizens. The Black Panther Party, founded in 1966, was another organization that advocated for Black Power and self-defense. They provided social services such as free breakfast programs and healthcare clinics in impoverished black communities and also monitored police activity to prevent abuse and violence against African Americans. Together, these ideas and actions of Malcolm X, Stokely Carmichael, and the Black Panther Party gave African Americans a new source of identity and empowerment in the United States during the 1960s.They challenged the status quo of racial inequality and discrimination and inspired a new generation of activists to fight for their rights and the rights of their community.
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discuss the rise of—and the history of—political parties in the
United States. Be specific, and write a clear history of political
parties in America.
Answers
The rise and history of political parties in the United States can be traced back to the early years of the nation, with the formation of the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties.
In the aftermath of the American Revolution and the ratification of the U.S. Constitution in 1787, political divisions emerged over the interpretation of the Constitution and the role of the federal government. These divisions gave birth to the first political parties in the United States.
The Federalist Party, led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams, advocated for a strong central government, favored the interests of merchants and industrialists, and supported a loose interpretation of the Constitution. They believed in a more centralized authority to promote economic growth and maintain order.
On the other side, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison led the Democratic-Republican Party (also known as the Jeffersonian Republicans). They emphasized states' rights, limited government intervention, and agrarian interests. The Democratic-Republicans favored strict interpretation of the Constitution and opposed the expansion of federal power.
During the early 19th century, the Democratic-Republican Party dominated American politics, and the Federalist Party gradually declined. However, the Democratic-Republicans also experienced internal divisions, leading to the emergence of the Democratic Party and the National Republican Party.
The Democratic Party, formed in the 1820s, evolved from the Democratic-Republican Party and became one of the two major political parties in the United States. It represented the interests of agrarian and working-class Americans, supported states' rights, and championed populism and individual liberty.
The National Republican Party, led by Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams, advocated for strong federal power, protective tariffs, and internal improvements. It eventually transformed into the Whig Party, which emerged as the main opposition to the Democrats in the 1830s.
The mid-19th century witnessed significant changes in American politics, primarily due to the emergence of the Republican Party. The Republican Party was founded in the 1850s as an anti-slavery party, seeking to limit the expansion of slavery into new territories. With the election of Abraham Lincoln as the first Republican president in 1860, the party gained prominence and played a crucial role in the Civil War and the abolition of slavery.
Following the Civil War, the Republican Party became associated with economic conservatism, industrialization, and northern interests. The Democratic Party, on the other hand, appealed to southern and western agrarian interests, advocating for limited federal intervention and states' rights.
Throughout the 20th century, the dominance of the two-party system continued, with the Democratic Party and the Republican Party as the main political forces. The parties evolved and adapted to the changing political landscape, addressing various issues such as civil rights, economic policies, and social welfare.
In recent decades, minor parties and independent candidates have also emerged, contributing to the political diversity of the United States. However, the Democratic and Republican parties have remained the primary players in American politics, shaping policy decisions and engaging in electoral competition.
In conclusion, the rise and history of political parties in the United States can be traced back to the formation of the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties. Over time, these parties transformed and gave way to new political factions, leading to the establishment of the Democratic Party, the Whig Party, and eventually the Republican Party. The two-party system has remained a defining characteristic of American politics, with the Democratic and Republican parties dominating the political landscape throughout much of the nation's history.
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